CN103819235A - Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control of moisture forms - Google Patents
Kitchen waste aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control of moisture forms Download PDFInfo
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- CN103819235A CN103819235A CN201410029921.0A CN201410029921A CN103819235A CN 103819235 A CN103819235 A CN 103819235A CN 201410029921 A CN201410029921 A CN 201410029921A CN 103819235 A CN103819235 A CN 103819235A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen waste aerobic fermentation treatment process based on the regulation and control of moisture forms. The kitchen waste aerobic fermentation treatment process comprises the following steps; (1) collecting kitchen waste, separating oil from water, removing impurities and crushing to obtain crushed kitchen waste; (2) regulating the moisture content of the crushed kitchen waste to be 50 to 75 percent, mixing the crushed kitchen waste and an aerobic fermentation bacteria agent, performing aerobic fermentation, adjusting the content of the total cellulose of an aerobic fermentation system before aerobic fermentation is started to be 15 to 25 percent, or adding a water-retaining agent into the aerobic fermentation system to realize the regulation and control of the moisture forms in the kitchen waste aerobic fermentation system. According to the kitchen waste aerobic fermentation treatment process based on the regulation and control of the moisture forms, the efficiency of the kitchen waste aerobic fermentation is improved by the regulation and control of the moisture forms in the kitchen waste aerobic fermentation system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic waste aerobic fermentation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology.
Background technology
Rubbish from cooking is the one of organic waste, comprises leftovers, leftovers, dish leaf, pericarp, eggshell, tea grounds, bone etc., the discarded food materials that produce in general reference diet activity and discarded or residual food.
Rubbish from cooking is as the organic waste of one, and organic content is abundant, and in actual treatment disposal process, the normal aerobic fermentation technology that adopts is carried out resource utilization to rubbish from cooking.In aerobic fermentation process, water ratio is one of crucial controlling factor, and too high water ratio can hinder the mass transfer of gas in aerobic fermentation system, thereby makes aerobic fermentation system be tending towards anaerobism; Too low water ratio can make the activity of microorganism in system be suppressed, and is unfavorable for organic decomposition and humify.
Water ratio meeting continuous decrease in aerobic fermentation process, in order to make the water ratio of system remain on a suitable scope, conventionally the mode that adopts external source to keep the skin wet realizes, but require again water ratio to remain on lower level in the storage of aerobic fermentation product, transportation and use procedure, therefore the moisture that this part external source is added needed to be again removed in the aerobic fermentation later stage, and this is increasing the cost of aerobic fermentation virtually.And by the water morphology of regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, add under the prerequisite of moisture in external source not, can improve the water ratio situation of aerobic fermentation system, and effectively promote the stable of aerobic fermentation system and become thoroughly decomposed.
In rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, there are three kinds of water morphologies, be respectively stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with water, wherein stagnantization water and capillary water can be utilized by microorganism, and the lost complexity of the water of these three kinds of forms is followed successively by conjunction with water, capillary water and stagnantization water simultaneously.
The moisture of these three kinds of forms can transform mutually and move under certain condition, therefore by regulation and control water morphology, reduce the ratio of the stagnantization water easily scattering and disappearing, thereby slow down the lowering speed of water ratio, improve the processing efficiency of aerobic fermentation system, increase the pressure of dehydration to rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology, by the water morphology of regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thus the efficiency of raising rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Based on a rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process for regulation and control water morphology, comprise the steps:
(1) collect rubbish from cooking and carry out oily water separation, after removal impurity, carry out fragmentation, obtain the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation;
(2) regulating the water ratio of the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation is 50%～75%, then mix with aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out aerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation starts front interpolation amendment and regulates content to 15%～25% of aerobe fermentation system total fiber element, or adds water-holding agent in aerobic fermentation system.
In rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, there are three kinds of water morphologies, be respectively stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with water, wherein stagnantization water and capillary water can be utilized by microorganism, and the lost complexity of the water of these three kinds of forms is followed successively by conjunction with water, capillary water and stagnantization water simultaneously.The moisture of these three kinds of forms can transform mutually and move under certain condition, therefore by regulation and control water morphology, reduce the ratio of the stagnantization water easily scattering and disappearing, thereby slow down the lowering speed of water ratio, improve the processing efficiency of aerobic fermentation system, do not increase the pressure of dehydration simultaneously to system.
Therefore the present invention, by adding these two kinds of modes of content of total fiber element in water-holding agent and regulation and control aerobic fermentation system, realizes the regulation and control of water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thereby improves the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Described total fiber element is the summation of hemicellulose, Mierocrystalline cellulose and xylogen.
As preferably, the particle diameter of the rubbish from cooking described in step (1) after fragmentation is 1cm～8cm.More preferably 5cm.
As preferably, in step (2), in aerobic fermentation system, add amendment to regulate content to 19.99%～22.69% of its total fiber element.
Further preferably, the total fiber cellulose content of described amendment is 20%～45%; The dry weight ratio of rubbish from cooking and amendment is 1:3～1:1.Described amendment is preferably discarded food materials.
Another kind of optimal way, step is added water-holding agent in (2) in aerobic fermentation system, and water-holding agent addition is 0.25%～2.00% of aerobic fermentation system weight in wet base, and the water absorbent rate of water-holding agent is 150～400.
Further preferably, described water-holding agent is anion-polyacrylamide, water-absorbing resin or starch grafted acrylate.
Further preferably, described water-holding agent before aerobic fermentation system enters the pliotherm period or initial stage pliotherm period add.The fermentation pliotherm period temperature of described aerobic fermentation is 50～70 ℃.
As preferably, the fermentation time of described aerobic fermentation is 14～18 days.More preferably 16 days.
As preferably, in the process of described aerobic fermentation, oxygenation mode is forced aeration or standing turning, and aeration rate is 0.04L/ (min.L)～0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1～4 day.
In rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, adjust total fiber cellulose content in the ratio control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system of rubbish from cooking and amendment, or interpolation water-holding agent, thereby realize the regulation and control to water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, under above-mentioned optimum condition combination, aerobic fermentation started in 2 days to 6 days this periods, the ratio that stagnantization water accounts for total moisture is 55%～70%, and the ratio that capillary water accounts for total moisture is 20%～40%, and the ratio that accounts for total moisture in conjunction with water is 2%～15%; When aerobic fermentation finishes, the ratio that stagnantization water accounts for total moisture is 80%～92%, and the ratio that capillary water accounts for total moisture is 5%～15%, and the ratio that accounts for total moisture in conjunction with water is 4%～7%.
Described aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum separates in rubbish from cooking, is the indigenous bacterium in rubbish from cooking system, for mixed thalline is, also can use common fermentation microbial inoculum ((for example EM microbial inoculum of commercial applications, Gymboree one type etc.), add microbial inoculum and can reduce fermentation period, its addition is 10
8～10
15cFU/kg(weight in wet base) between.
Described rubbish from cooking is the organic waste that diet finishes rear generation.
Described oily water separation refers to original rubbish from cooking is placed on screen cloth, realizes the separation between profit and rubbish from cooking.
Described aerobic fermentation process is carried out in aerobic fermentation device, device is furnished with aerating apparatus, on-line temperature monitoring device and thermal insulation layer, carry out forced aeration or standing turning, aeration rate is between 0.04L/ (min.L)～0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1～4 day.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention, by adding the content of total fiber element in water-holding agent and regulation and control aerobic fermentation system, realizes the regulation and control of water morphology in rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, thereby improves the efficiency of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation raw material: getting Hangzhou Forum on College Eating-room rubbish from cooking 12kg(water ratio is 73.90 ± 0.69%), air-dry discarded food materials 6kg(water ratio is 12.85 ± 0.22%).
Get supernatant liquor after rubbish from cooking lixiviate inoculate take starch, glucose and protein one of them in the minimal medium of carbon source, respectively screening obtain thering is degraded starch, the flora of glucose and protein function, before use three class floras mixed culture in LB substratum is obtained to required bacterium liquid.
Above-mentioned rubbish from cooking and air-dry discarded food materials are all broken into particle diameter 5cm, then fully mix, adding 18ml concentration is 1 × 10
15the bacterium liquid of CFU/mL, and to regulate water ratio be 60%, finally the material of mixing is divided into three equal parts.
First part of material directly put into aerobic fermentation device A; Second part of Material Addition water-holding agent (anion-polyacrylamide), water conservation multiplying power is 200, its quality is weight in wet base 0.5%, after then mixing, puts into aerobic fermentation device B; The 3rd part of material directly put into aerobic fermentation device C, when the temperature-stable of system is during 50 ℃ of left and right, material by device in C all takes out and adds water-holding agent (anion-polyacrylamide), and its quality is weight in wet base 0.5%, after mixing again in filling device C.The aeration rate of all devices is 0.05L/ (min.L), and the aerobic fermentation time is 16 days.
During aerobic fermentation, Real-Time Monitoring temperature, sampling in every two days once, is measured water ratio, stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with water, sample when initial sample and aerobic fermentation finish also needs to measure PHA(humic acid and accounts for the per-cent of total humic acid).In whole aerobic fermentation process, install A temperature in the time of 80h and reach 50 ℃, in process, top temperature is 57.8 ℃; Device B temperature in the time of 24h has reached 50 ℃, and in process, top temperature is 57.8 ℃; Device C temperature in the time of 72h reaches 50 ℃, and in the time of 88h, has added water-holding agent, and in process, top temperature is 60.2 ℃.The initial PHA of device A is 8.86%, and when end, PHA is 21.36%; The initial PHA of device B is 8.86%, and when end, PHA is 24.07%; The initial PHA of device B is 8.86%, and when end, PHA is 25.53%.
The water ratio of device A, B and C, stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with the situation of water in table 1
Table 1
The data of table 1 are known in conjunction with the variation of temperature and PHA, the present invention adds water-holding agent and has realized the regulation and control of water morphology, adding water-holding agent can accelerate the rising of system temperature and impel system to reach higher temperature, be conducive to killing of pathogenic agent in system, and can improve the degree of humification of system.Embodiment 2
Rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation raw material: rubbish from cooking and discarded food materials are taken from Hangzhou Forum on College Eating-room.
It is air-dry that rubbish from cooking and discarded food materials all pass through appropriateness, and the air-dry rear water ratio of appropriateness maintains 60% left and right, and rubbish from cooking total fiber element accounts for 16.84% of dry weight, and discarded food materials total fiber element accounts for 25.11% of dry weight.
Get supernatant liquor after rubbish from cooking lixiviate inoculate take starch, glucose and protein one of them in the minimal medium of carbon source, respectively screening obtain thering is degraded starch, the flora of glucose and protein function, before use three class floras mixed culture in LB substratum is obtained to required bacterium liquid.
Be provided with 5 groups of processing, be respectively and process discarded food materials+0% rubbish from cooking of 1(100%), process discarded food materials+25% rubbish from cooking of 2(75%), process discarded food materials+50% rubbish from cooking of 3(50%), process discarded food materials+75% rubbish from cooking of 4(25%) and process 5(0% and discard food materials+100% rubbish from cooking), the aerobic fermentation raw materials quality of each processing is 6kg, water ratio is about 60%, particle diameter is about 5cm, and all adding 6ml concentration is 1 × 10
15the bacterium liquid of CFU/mL, all processing are all fermented in aerobic fermentation device.The aeration rate of all processing is 0.05L/ (min.L), and the aerobic fermentation time is 16 days.
During aerobic fermentation, Real-Time Monitoring temperature, sampling in every two days once, is measured water ratio, stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with water, initial sample has been measured total fiber cellulose content, and sample when initial sample and aerobic fermentation finish also needs to measure C/N.
In aerobic fermentation process, processing 1 top temperature is 52.3 ℃, and temperature is 8 days higher than the time of 50 ℃; The top temperature of processing 2 is 57.4 ℃, and temperature is 9 days higher than the time of 50 ℃, and in these 9 days, has 5 days temperature higher than 55 ℃; The top temperature of processing 3 is 56.9 ℃, and temperature is 8.5 days higher than the time of 50 ℃, and in these 8.5 days, has 6 days temperature higher than 55 ℃; The top temperature of processing 4 is 56.1 ℃, and temperature is 5.5 days higher than the time of 50 ℃; The top temperature of processing 5 is 56.9 ℃, and temperature is 4.5 days higher than the time of 50 ℃.
The per-cent that the total fiber element of processing 1, processing 2, processing 3, processing 4 and processing 5 accounts for dry weight is respectively 25.11%, 22.69%, 19.99%, 17.93% and 16.84%.
Processing 1 initial C/N is 27.07, and C/N when end is 18.37; Processing 2 initial C/N is 31.00, and C/N when end is 15.26; Processing 3 initial C/N is 38.32, and C/N when end is 14.57; Processing 4 initial C/N is 42.71, and C/N when end is 18.65; Processing 5 initial C/N is 50.70, and C/N when end is 22.81.
Process 1, process 2, process 3, process 4 and process 5 water ratio, stagnantization water, capillary water and in conjunction with the situation of water in table 2:
Table 2
The data of table 2 are known in conjunction with the variation of temperature and C/N, the present invention can realize the regulation and control of water morphology by the content of total fiber element in regulation and control rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system, in the present embodiment total fiber cellulose content is controlled between 19.99%～22.69% and can in regulation and control water morphology, realizes becoming thoroughly decomposed of rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation system.
Claims (9)
1. the rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process based on regulation and control water morphology, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) collect rubbish from cooking and carry out oily water separation, after removal impurity, carry out fragmentation, obtain the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation;
(2) regulating the water ratio of the rubbish from cooking after fragmentation is 50%～75%, then mix with aerobic fermentation microbial inoculum, carry out aerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation starts front interpolation amendment and regulates content to 15%～25% of aerobe fermentation system total fiber element, or adds water-holding agent in aerobic fermentation system.
According to claim 1 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, the particle diameter of the rubbish from cooking described in step (1) after fragmentation is 1cm～8cm.
According to claim 1 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, in step (2), in aerobic fermentation system, add amendment to regulate content to 19.99%～22.69% of its total fiber element.
According to claim 3 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, the total fiber cellulose content of described amendment is 20%～45%; The dry weight ratio of rubbish from cooking and amendment is 1:3～1:1.
According to claim 1 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, step is added water-holding agent in (2) in aerobic fermentation system, water-holding agent addition is 0.25%～2.00% of aerobic fermentation system weight in wet base, and the water absorbent rate of water-holding agent is 150～400.
According to claim 5 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, described water-holding agent before aerobic fermentation system enters the pliotherm period or initial stage pliotherm period add.
According to claim 6 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, the fermentation pliotherm period temperature of described aerobic fermentation is 50～70 ℃.
According to claim 1 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, the fermentation time of described aerobic fermentation is 14～18 days.
According to claim 1 based on regulation and control water morphology rubbish from cooking aerobic fermentation treatment process, it is characterized in that, in the process of described aerobic fermentation, oxygenation mode is forced aeration or standing turning, aeration rate is 0.04L/ (min.L)～0.1L/ (min.L), and turning frequency is 1～4 day.
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| CN107311708A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-11-03 | 广西力源宝科技有限公司 | The production system and method for fertilizer are prepared using kitchen garbage |
| CN109485468A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-19 | 北京天极视讯科技发展有限公司 | A kind of aerobic fermentation method using high absorbency material |
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