CN103815194A - Preparation of fermented material in bait bio-bed for main culturing of macrobrachium nipponensis and auxiliary culturing of Penaeus vannamei Boone and application method thereof - Google Patents
Preparation of fermented material in bait bio-bed for main culturing of macrobrachium nipponensis and auxiliary culturing of Penaeus vannamei Boone and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103815194A CN103815194A CN201410070965.8A CN201410070965A CN103815194A CN 103815194 A CN103815194 A CN 103815194A CN 201410070965 A CN201410070965 A CN 201410070965A CN 103815194 A CN103815194 A CN 103815194A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to preparation of a fermented material in a bait bio-bed for main culturing of macrobrachium nipponensis and auxiliary culturing of Penaeus vannamei Boone and an application method thereof. According to the method, a probiotic-fermented batch is poured into a pond, and a bait bio-bed with the fermented material as the main component is constructed at the bottom of the pond after rotary tillage. The fermented material in the bait bio-bed can directly be eaten by shrimps, and benthonic animals and aquatic plants such as Tubificidae, chironomidae larvae, spiral shell, waterweed and the like can be cultivated in the shrimp habitat to be used as the bait of macrobrachium nipponensis and Penaeus vannamei Boone. Food and habitat completion intensity can be reduced; survival rate and cultivation size of Penaeus vannamei Boone can be raised; and it is beneficial to raise culturing output and benifit of shrimps. To guarantee high propagation capability of demersal food organisms in the bait bio-bed in summer, dual oxygen supply of an oxygen tank and a micropore aerator is adopted. The oxygen tank and the micropore aerator are connected and are started regularly in stages every night in summer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material through probiotics fermention processing of throwing in pond, and the batch after fermentation is utilized by river crab Macrobrachium nipponensis, Penaeus Vannmei and benthon, can promote again the shrimps cover breeding method of water plant propagation, especially a kind of method of carrying out Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation cover and support Penaeus Vannmei by cheap raw material and discarded object being converted into the natural bait of high-quality simultaneously.
Background technology
Improving Macrobrachium nipponensis cultured output has great importance to the income that increases shrimp agriculture, and the common measure of increasing production and improying productivity is: the breeding density that 1. improves Macrobrachium nipponensis, make the breeding density of unit are be increased to 10-15 ten thousand tail/mus from 5-8 ten thousand tail/mus, the method can improve cultured output, but Macrobrachium nipponensis seed cost doubles above, and the average specification of commercial sized prawn of forming under high-density breeding condition is less than normal, selling price is lower, and therefore the effect of synergy is not remarkable; 2. increase the crude protein content in man-made feeds, the crude protein in feed is increased to more than 40% from 28%-32%.The speed of growth that can accelerate Macrobrachium nipponensis although increase percent protein, the price of high protein feed is higher, and aquaculture cost significantly increases; 3. increase man-made feeds or the feeding volume of small fish, to increase the nutrition intake of Macrobrachium nipponensis, but excessive throwing something and feeding must be caused the increase of waste and feeding cost, and easily diseases induced; 4. put large specification shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, make the stocking size of shrimp seedling increase to 1000 tails/kg from 3000-5000 tail/kg, to form the commercial sized prawn of larger specification, the added value of shrimp is improved; 5. cultivate natural bait by fertilising or the low value discarded object of throwing something and feeding as the part feed source of Macrobrachium nipponensis, although the method cost is lower, can pollute water body.
In Macrobrachium nipponensis culturing pool, cover is supported Penaeus Vannmei can increase extra returns, but it is close with Macrobrachium nipponensis in feeding habits and life habit to overlap foster Penaeus Vannmei, food and the competition of perching manor are unfavorable for the raising of Penaeus Vannmei survival rate, therefore, guarantee that can Penaeus Vannmei have enough bait supplies to become shrimp agriculture and obtain the key point compared with high yield in growth course.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of making and using method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover are provided, material in food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, feature is, comprise following component, component ratio is counted by weight: rice bran: 1～30 part, vinasse: 1～30 part, corncob: 1～35 part, the dish dregs of rice: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, calcium superphosphate: 1～30 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～30 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, sugar is close: 0.1～1 part, urea: 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium liquid: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts,
Close to rice bran, vinasse, corncob, the dish dregs of rice, zeolite powder, calcium superphosphate, chicken manure, pig manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sugar, urea, fulvic acid, EM bacterium liquid and water are mixed to Hou Duigao, cover plastic sheeting and ferment, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
Described food organisms bed is after being mixed with pond sediments by fermentation materials, cover pond bottom and can be used as Macrobrachium nipponensis, Penaeus Vannmei, benthic bait and provide the region of source of nutrition for pasture and water.
The preparation method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, feature is, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1～30 part, rice bran, 1～30 part, vinasse, 1～35 part of corncob, 1～30 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1～15 part of zeolite powder, 1～30 part of calcium superphosphate, 20～80 parts of chicken manures, 10～30 parts of pig manures, 0.1～1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.1～1 part of sugar, 0.1～1 part, urea, 0.1～1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 0.2～2.0 meter that 10～40 parts, 0.1～1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 20 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 10～60 days, material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
The method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6～12 hours, or with the commercially available prosperous board drying machine drying that shakes, bake out temperature is 40 ℃～60 ℃.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, feature is to adopt following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75～150,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20～30 days, February in November to next year then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 100～3,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5～8 centimetre, form food organisms bed in pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 8～35 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, after 7 days, plant pasture and water, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%～90%.
In described step (3), the kind of pasture and water is waterweed and hydrilla verticillata.
During cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, the power configuration of aerator is 0.15～0.2kW/ mu; Oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, and summer is interval 0.5～4h time opening aerator every night, and oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, and each 1～10min makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L.
In described pond, the food organisms that dwell are that water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve are foretold one or more in spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell or yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water at the aquatic end.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, the raw material of low value can be converted into the fermentation batch of absorption easy to digest after probiotics fermention, can directly ingest for shrimps, is conducive to its shell and growth; 2, " the food organisms bed " take fermentation material as main component is positioned at pond bottom, can cultivate the bait of a large amount of benthons as shrimps, can reduce the flood competition between Macrobrachium nipponensis and Penaeus Vannmei and perch the intensity that manor is competed; 3, the fermentation material in " food organisms bed " is made after probiotics fermention, is wherein rich in the probio of water quality purification function, can purifying water body, and the ecological environment at the bottom of improvement pond; 4, the nutriment in " food organisms bed " can be absorbed by pasture and water, is conducive to the growth of pasture and water, and rich pasture and water are conducive to the stable of breeding ecological; 5, Macrobrachium nipponensis can prey on weak and or the Penaeus Vannmei of morbidity, be conducive to blocking-up or the incidence that palliates a disease; Adopt the method for oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine can make the dissolved oxygen amount of water body improve 2-5 times, not only can avoid shrimps and benthon that anoxic occurred in summer, and can extend the end and dwell the exponential phase of growth of food organisms, thereby improve its biomass.Dual oxygen supply can improve water body dissolved oxygen amount fast, and the aerator opening time shortens more than 90% than mechanical enhancement, is conducive to save electric energy; 7, can produce non-harmful organic commercial sized prawn, improve value-added content of product and the market competitiveness, improve output and benefit; 8, can reduce aquaculture cost and reduce cultivation risk.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
EM bacterium liquid used in the present invention is compound probiotic, wherein includes photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces, little bacterium, saccharomycete and Bacillus acidi lactici etc.; The EM bacterium liquid adopting in the embodiment of the present invention is existing commercially available conventional products, is not specifically limited, as adopted commercially available aquatic products EM bacterium liquid.
Embodiment mono-: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 3 parts, vinasse, 5 parts of corncobs, 2 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 30 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.2 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 26 parts, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 30 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment bis-: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 1 part, vinasse, 15 parts of corncobs, 1 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 50 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.2 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 19 parts, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 30 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 70%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment tri-: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 1 part, vinasse, 5 parts of corncobs, 5 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 40 parts of chicken manures, 20 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.3 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 25 parts, 0.1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 30 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,000,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 80%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment tetra-: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 2 parts, rice bran, 2 parts, vinasse, 3 parts of corncobs, 3 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 35 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.4 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 22 parts, 0.1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 30 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 80,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, November then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,200,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 90%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment five: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 3 parts, vinasse, 3 parts of corncobs, 10 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 40 parts of chicken manures, 15 parts of pig manures, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.2 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 25 parts, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 30 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 80,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, November then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 800,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment six: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 2 parts, vinasse, 5 parts of corncobs, 1 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 26 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.3 part of sugar, 0.2 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.0 meters that 32 parts, 0.1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 25 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, November then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,000,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 70%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment seven: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 2 parts, rice bran, 2 parts, vinasse, 8 parts of corncobs, 1 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 50 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.3 part of sugar, 0.3 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 1.2 meters that 24 parts, 0.1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 20 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 600,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 70%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment eight: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1 part, rice bran, 1 part, vinasse, 1 part of corncob, 1 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1 part of zeolite powder, 1 part of calcium superphosphate, 20 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.1 part, urea, 0.1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 0.2 meter that 10 parts, 0.1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 20 ℃～25 ℃, fermentation time is 60 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20 days, November then, true food organisms bed fermentation materials is thrown in to pond, injected volume is double centner/mu; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 8 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment nine: a kind of preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 30 parts, rice bran, 30 parts, vinasse, 35 parts of corncobs, 30 parts of the dish dregs of rice, 15 parts of zeolite powders, 30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 80 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 1 part of sugar, 1 part, urea, 1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 2.0 meters that 40 parts, 1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 10 days, material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 12 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed, pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 150,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 3,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre; Material in described food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of shrimps, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end;
(3) to injecting 35 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 90%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
The present invention is by throwing in the batch through probiotics fermention to pond, after rotary tillage, can construct " the food organisms bed " take fermentation material as main component in pond bottom, the fermentation material being somebody's turn to do in " food organisms bed " can directly be ingested for shrimps, can also perch at shrimps the zoobenthos such as manor cultivation water outlet earthworm, chironomus larvas, spiral shell and pasture and water and the water plant bait as Macrobrachium nipponensis and Penaeus Vannmei simultaneously, can reduce its flood competition and perch the intensity that manor is competed, improve survival rate and the forming specification of the foster Penaeus Vannmei of cover.For guaranteeing that the end in " food organisms bed " food organisms that dwell still can keep higher multiplication capacity in summer, the present invention adopts oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, oxygen cylinder and micro-pore oxygenation pipe are connected, summer time opening stage by stage every night, each 1-10 minute, can make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L.The end food organisms that dwell can provide extra source of nutrition for the growth of shrimps, are conducive to the raising of shrimp culture output and benefit.
Claims (7)
1. the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, it is characterized in that, comprise following component, component ratio is counted by weight: rice bran: 1～30 part, vinasse: 1～30 part, corncob: 1～35 part, the dish dregs of rice: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, calcium superphosphate: 1～30 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～30 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, sugared close: 0.1～1 part, urea: 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium liquid: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts;
Close to rice bran, vinasse, corncob, the dish dregs of rice, zeolite powder, calcium superphosphate, chicken manure, pig manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sugar, urea, fulvic acid, EM bacterium liquid and water are mixed to Hou Duigao, cover plastic sheeting and ferment, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
2. the preparation method for the fermentation materials of main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, it is characterized in that, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight: by 1～30 part, rice bran, 1～30 part, vinasse, 1～35 part of corncob, 1～30 part of the dish dregs of rice, 1～15 part of zeolite powder, 1～30 part of calcium superphosphate, 20～80 parts of chicken manures, 10～30 parts of pig manures, 0.1～1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, close 0.1～1 part of sugar, 0.1～1 part, urea, 0.1～1 part of fulvic acid, it is high 0.2～2.0 meter that 10～40 parts, 0.1～1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water mix rear heap, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 20 ℃～35 ℃, fermentation time is 10～60 days, material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
3. the preparation method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6～12 hours, or Tumble Dry, bake out temperature is 40 ℃～60 ℃.
4. a using method of supporting the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed of Penaeus Vannmei for main foster Macrobrachium nipponensis cover, is characterized in that, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75～150,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20～30 days, February in November to next year then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 100～3,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5～8 centimetre, form food organisms bed in pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 8～35 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, after 7 days, plant pasture and water, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%～90%.
5. the using method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (3), the kind of pasture and water is waterweed and hydrilla verticillata.
6. the using method of the fermentation materials for main food organisms bed of supporting the foster Penaeus Vannmei of Macrobrachium nipponensis cover as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, the power configuration of aerator is 0.15～0.2kW/ mu; Oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, and summer is interval 0.5～4h time opening aerator every night, and oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, and each 1～10min makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L.
7. as claimed in claim 4 for main using method of supporting Macrobrachium nipponensis cover and support the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed of Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterized in that:, the food organisms that dwell are that water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve are foretold spiral shell, encircle one or more in rib spiral shell or yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water at the aquatic end in described the pond in.
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