CN103798548B - Making and the using method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed of Macrobrachium nipponensis is supported for main foster river crab set - Google Patents
Making and the using method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed of Macrobrachium nipponensis is supported for main foster river crab set Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798548B CN103798548B CN201410070743.6A CN201410070743A CN103798548B CN 103798548 B CN103798548 B CN 103798548B CN 201410070743 A CN201410070743 A CN 201410070743A CN 103798548 B CN103798548 B CN 103798548B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to making and the using method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, the method by throwing in the batch through probiotics fermention to pond, can construct by " the food organisms bed " that fermentation material is main component in pond bottom after rotary tillage, it is somebody's turn to do the fermentation material in " food organisms bed " can directly ingest for shrimp crab, manor can also be perched shrimp crab simultaneously and cultivate water outlet earthworm, chironomus larvas, the zoobenthos such as spiral shell and pasture and water and water plant are as the bait of river crab Yu Macrobrachium nipponensis, its flood competition can be reduced and perch the intensity of manor competition, improve set and support survival rate and the forming specification of Macrobrachium nipponensis, be conducive to the raising of the growth of shrimp crab and cultured output and benefit.For guaranteeing that the food organisms that dwell of the end in food organisms bed remain to keep higher multiplication capacity, the present invention to use oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine in summer, oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material thrown in pond and process through probiotics fermention, and to make the batch after fermentation be river crab, Macrobrachium nipponensis and benthon are utilized, the shrimp crab set breeding method that water plant breed be can promote again simultaneously, a kind of culture of Chinese mitten crab the method for the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of set carried out by cheap raw material and discarded object being converted into the natural bait of high-quality.
Background technology
How to improve the problem that culture of Chinese mitten crab benefit is crab agriculture general concern, and the common measure of increasing production and improying productivity is: the breeding density 1. improving river crab is to increase the common technology measure of yield and benefit, but increasing juvenile crab breeding density can make aquaculture cost significantly rise, and the commodity crab average size formed under the conditions of high-density breeding is less than normal, selling price is relatively low, rate of killing each other between juvenile crab substantially increases simultaneously, survival rate declines, and therefore uses the method improving cultivation density can not be obviously improved culture benefit；2. increase the crude protein content in man-made feeds, make the crude protein in feed improve to more than 40% from 28%-34%.Although high protein feed can accelerate the speed of growth of river crab, but the price of high protein feed is higher, and aquaculture cost amplification is bigger；3. increasing man-made feeds or the feeding volume of small fish, to increase the nutrition intake amount of river crab, but excess is thrown something and fed and feed waste, feeding cost must be caused to increase and water pollution, and the most diseases induced；4. the stocking size of button crab is increased to 100/kg from 200/kg, in order to form the commodity crab of bigger specification, make the added value of crab be improved；5. cultivate natural bait or the low value discarded object part feed source as river crab and Macrobrachium nipponensis of throwing something and feeding by fertilising, although the method reduces aquaculture cost, but water body is existed and pollutes.
In river crab culture pond, Macrobrachium nipponensis supported by set can increase extra returns, but the Macrobrachium nipponensis that set is supported is close with river crab in feeding habits and life habit, food and the competition perching manor are unfavorable for that the raising of benefit supported by Macrobrachium nipponensis survival rate, forming specification and set, therefore, reducing competing food earthquake intensity, can the survival rate and the forming specification problem that solve the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of set have become crab agriculture and obtain the key point of relatively high yield.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, making and the using method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set are provided, food organisms berth with fermentation material as main component is in pond bottom, cultivate a large amount of benthon bait as shrimp crab, can promote that again water plant breeds simultaneously.
The technical scheme provided according to the present invention, a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, feature is, including following component, component ratio by mass number meter: wheat bran: 1～30 part, corncob: 1～35 part, rice straw powder: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, potassium sulfate: 0.1～1 part, sugar close: 0.1～1 part, urea: 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium solution: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts；
Wheat bran, corncob, rice straw powder, zeolite powder, chicken manure, pig manure, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, sugar close, urea, fulvic acid, EM bacterium solution and water are mixed Hou Duigao, covers plastic sheeting and ferment, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
Described food organisms bed be mixed with pond sediments by fermentation materials after cover pond bottom and can as river crab, Macrobrachium nipponensis, benthic bait and for pasture and water provide source of nutrition region.
The preparation method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, feature is, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
Wheat bran 1～30 parts, corncob 1～35 parts, rice straw powder 1～30 parts, zeolite powder 1～15 parts, chicken manure 20～80 parts, pig manure 10～30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1～1 part, potassium sulfate 0.1～1 part, close 0.1～1 part of sugar, urea 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1～1 part and water 10～40 parts are mixed rear heap high 0.2～2.0 meter, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 10～60 days；Material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
The method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation is placed under sunlight airing 6～12 hours, or with the commercially available prosperous board drying machine drying that shakes, drying temperature is 40 DEG C～60 DEG C.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, feature is, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75～150,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 20～30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed February in November then to next year, injected volume is 100～3,500,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5～8 centimetres, form food organisms bed in pond bottom；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 8 of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk～35 centimetres, plant pasture and water after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%～90%.
In described step (3), the kind of pasture and water is waterweed and hydrilla verticillata.
Using oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine during cultivation, the power configuration of aerator is 0.15～0.2kW/ mu；Oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, is spaced 0.5～4h time opening aerator summer every night, and oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen, each 1～10min by microporous pipe to water body, makes the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remain at more than 4mg/L.
In described pond, the food organisms that dwell are that water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve foretell one or more in spiral shell, Bellamya sp or yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water at the aquatic end.
Present invention have the advantage that 1, the raw material of low value can be converted into the fermentation batch of absorption easy to digest after probiotics fermention, is available for shrimp crab and directly ingests, is conducive to its shell and growth；2, " food organisms bed " with fermentation material as main component is positioned at pond bottom, can cultivate a large amount of benthon bait as shrimp crab, with the flood competition reduced between shrimp crab and the intensity perching manor competition；3, the fermentation material in " food organisms bed " is made after probiotics fermention, wherein rich in the probio of water quality purification function, can purifying water body, improvement ecological environment at the bottom of pond；4, the nutriment in " food organisms bed " can be absorbed by pasture and water, the beneficially growth of pasture and water, and the fast-growth of pasture and water not only can be as the vegetal bait of river crab, but also beneficially the stablizing of breeding ecological；5, oxygen cylinder is used the dissolved oxygen amount of water body can be made to improve 2-5 times with the method for the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, not only can avoid shrimp crab and benthon, in summer, anoxic occurs, and can extend the end and dwell exponential phase of growth of food organisms, thus improve its biomass；6, dual oxygen supply can quickly improve water body dissolved oxygen amount, and the aerator opening time shortens more than 90% than mechanical enhancement, is conducive to saving electric energy；7, non-harmful organic commodity crab can be produced, improve value-added content of product and the market competitiveness, improve yield and benefit；8, aquaculture cost can be reduced and reduce cultivation risk.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
EM bacterium solution used in the present invention is compound probiotic, wherein includes photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces, little bacterium, saccharomycete and Bacillus acidi lactici etc.；The EM bacterium solution used in the embodiment of the present invention is existing commercially available conventional products, is not specifically limited, as used commercially available aquatic products EM bacterium solution.
Embodiment one: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
1 part of wheat bran, corncob 5 parts, rice straw powder 5 parts, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 50 parts, pig manure 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 part, potassium sulfate 0.1 part, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.2 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.2 part and 27 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 8 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed December then, injected volume is 500,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment two: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
1 part of wheat bran, corncob 10 parts, rice straw powder 5 parts, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 40 parts, pig manure 15 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 part, potassium sulfate 0.2 part, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.3 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1 part and 27 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 8 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed December then, injected volume is 500,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 70%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment three: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
1 part of wheat bran, corncob 1 part, rice straw powder 1 part, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 60 parts, pig manure 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 part, potassium sulfate 0.1 part, close 0.3 part of sugar, 0.3 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1 part and 25 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 8 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 20 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed December then, injected volume is 1,000,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 80%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.15 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment four: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
1 part of wheat bran, corncob 1 part, rice straw powder 1 part, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 40 parts, pig manure 30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 part, potassium sulfate 0.2 part, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.3 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.2 part and 25 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 25 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 6 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 80,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed November then, injected volume is 1,200,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 90%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment five: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
5 parts of wheat bran, corncob 20 parts, rice straw powder 10 parts, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 30 parts, pig manure 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 part, potassium sulfate 0.2 part, close 0.2 part of sugar, 0.2 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1 part and 23 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 30 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 6 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 80,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed November then, injected volume is 800,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.15 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment six: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
1 part of wheat bran, corncob 20 parts, rice straw powder 5 parts, zeolite powder 5 parts, chicken manure 20 parts, pig manure 30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 part, potassium sulfate 0.3 part, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.1 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.2 part and 18 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 25 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 8 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed November then, injected volume is 1,000,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 70%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment seven: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
3 parts of wheat bran, corncob 2 parts, rice straw powder 10 parts, zeolite powder 10 parts, chicken manure 20 parts, pig manure 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 part, potassium sulfate 0.1 part, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.1 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1 part and 10 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 0.2 meter, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C～25 DEG C, and fermentation time is 60 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 6 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 20 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed November then, injected volume is double centner/mu；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 8 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.15 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment eight: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
30 parts of wheat bran, corncob 35 parts, rice straw powder 30 parts, zeolite powder 15 parts, chicken manure 80 parts, pig manure 30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1 part, potassium sulfate 1 part, close 1 part of sugar, 1 part of urea, fulvic acid 1 part, EM bacterium solution 1 part and 40 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 2.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 10 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 12 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 150,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed December then, injected volume is 3,500,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 35 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 90%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
Embodiment nine: the preparation method of a kind of fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, uses following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
20 parts of wheat bran, corncob 15 parts, rice straw powder 15 parts, zeolite powder 1 part, chicken manure 20 parts, pig manure 10 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 part, potassium sulfate 0.2 part, close 0.1 part of sugar, 0.3 part of urea, fulvic acid 0.1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1 part and 28 parts of water are mixed rear heap high 1.0 meters, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 20 days；Material after fermentation is placed in airing 6 hours under sunlight, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the described fermentation materials for the main food organisms bed supporting the foster Macrobrachium nipponensis of river crab set, employing following methods:
(1) beating dry water, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre；
(2) after pond bottom being tanned by the sun 30 days under sunlight, being thrown in pond by the fermentation materials of food organisms bed December then, injected volume is 1,500,000 grams/acre；Use in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetres；In described food organisms bed, material by fermentation as shrimp crab food, and can have and cultivate the end and dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth；
(3) injecting in pond through the filtered river 20 centimetres of 60 mesh sieve thin,tough silk, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%；
(4) oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine are used during cultivation, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body is made to remain at more than 4mg/L；
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, Bellamya sp and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc..
The present invention by throwing in the batch through probiotics fermention to pond, can construct by " the food organisms bed " that fermentation material is main component in pond bottom after rotary tillage, it is somebody's turn to do the fermentation material in " food organisms bed " can directly ingest for shrimp crab, manor can also be perched shrimp crab simultaneously and cultivate the zoobenthos such as water outlet earthworm, chironomus larvas, spiral shell and pasture and water and the water plant bait as river crab Yu Macrobrachium nipponensis, its flood competition can be reduced and perch the intensity of manor competition, improving set and support survival rate and the forming specification of Macrobrachium nipponensis.For guaranteeing that the food organisms that dwell of the end in " food organisms bed " remain to keep higher multiplication capacity in summer, the present invention uses oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, summer time opening the most stage by stage, 1-10 minute every time, the dissolved oxygen amount of water body can be made to remain at more than 4mg/L.The food organisms that dwell can be the raising that the growth of shrimp crab provides the growth of extra source of nutrition, beneficially shrimp crab and cultured output and benefit at the end.
Claims (1)
1. support, for main, the preparation method that river crab overlaps the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed supporting Macrobrachium nipponensis, it is characterized in that, use following processing step, component ratio by mass number meter:
Take wheat bran: 1～30 part, corncob: 1～35 part, rice straw powder: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, potassium sulfate: 0.1～1 part, molasses: 0.1～1 part, urea: 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium solution: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts；
Wheat bran 1～30 parts, corncob 1～35 parts, rice straw powder 1～30 parts, zeolite powder 1～15 parts, chicken manure 20～80 parts, pig manure 10～30 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1～1 part, potassium sulfate 0.1～1 part, molasses 0.1～1 part, urea 0.1～1 part, fulvic acid 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium solution 0.1～1 part and water 10～40 parts are mixed rear heap high 0.2～2.0 meter, cover plastic sheeting to ferment, fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C～35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 10～60 days；Material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed；
The method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation being placed under sunlight airing 6～12 hours, or Tumblies Dry, drying temperature is 40 DEG C～60 DEG C.
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| CN102550878A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation and use method thereof |
| CN103404453A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏省水产技术推广站 | Freshwater shrimp and river crab double main farming method |
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| JP4852060B2 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2012-01-11 | 修一 汐見 | Pond bottom improvement method of aquaculture pond |
| CN102550878A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-07-11 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Bentonic bait organism culture medium for river crab cultivation and use method thereof |
| CN103404453A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏省水产技术推广站 | Freshwater shrimp and river crab double main farming method |
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Effective date of registration: 20160825 Address after: 215623 Chang Bei community, modern agricultural demonstration park, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Zhangjiagang Patentee after: ZHANGJIAGANG HONGYIN BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 214081 Jiangsu, Wuxi, Binhu District, Binhu street, East Road, No. 9 Patentee before: Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences |