CN103798547A - Preparation method and use method of fermentation material of bait biological bed for breeding macrobrachium nipponensis - Google Patents
Preparation method and use method of fermentation material of bait biological bed for breeding macrobrachium nipponensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798547A CN103798547A CN201410070715.4A CN201410070715A CN103798547A CN 103798547 A CN103798547 A CN 103798547A CN 201410070715 A CN201410070715 A CN 201410070715A CN 103798547 A CN103798547 A CN 103798547A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and a use method of a fermentation material of a bait biological bed for breeding macrobrachium nipponensis. The method comprises the steps of feeding a probiotics-fermented batch mixture, and carrying out rotary tillage for building the 'bait biological bed' which takes the fermentation material as a main component at the bottom of a pond. The fermentation material not only can be directly fed to the macrobrachium nipponensis, but also can be used for cultivating animals and plants such as tubificidae, chironomidae larvae, spiral shell and aquatic weeds, and the cultivated animals and plants can be taken as the bait of the macrobrachium nipponensis, so that food competition intensity can be reduced, and the survival rate of aquaculture can be improved. The 'bait biological bed' is supplied with oxygen by an oxygen bottle and a microporous aerator in summer, so that the cultivation efficiency of the benthonic food organisms can be improved; the cultured natural bait can be used for providing an extra nutrition source for the growth of the macrobrachium nipponensis, so that the aquaculture yield and the benefit of the macrobrachium nipponensis can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material through probiotics fermention processing of throwing in pond, and material after fermentation is utilized by Macrobrachium nipponensis and benthon, can promote again the Macrobrachium nipponensis cultural method of water plant propagation, especially a kind of method of carrying out Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation by cheap raw material and discarded object being converted into the natural bait of high-quality simultaneously.
Background technology
Improving Macrobrachium nipponensis cultured output has great importance to the income that increases shrimp agriculture, and the measure of common increase output is: the breeding density that 1. improves Macrobrachium nipponensis, make the breeding density of unit are be increased to 10-15 ten thousand tail/mus from 5-8 ten thousand tail/mus, the method can improve cultured output, but Macrobrachium nipponensis seed cost doubles above, and the average specification of commercial sized prawn of forming under high-density breeding condition is less than normal, selling price is lower, and the effect that therefore cultivates synergy is not remarkable; 2. increase the crude protein content in man-made feeds, the crude protein in feed is increased to more than 40% from 28%-32%, can accelerate the speed of growth of Macrobrachium nipponensis although increase percent protein, the price of high protein feed is higher, and aquaculture cost significantly increases; 3. increase man-made feeds or the feeding volume of small fish, to increase the nutrition intake of Macrobrachium nipponensis, but excessive throwing something and feeding must be caused the increase of waste and feeding cost, and easily diseases induced; 4. put large specification shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, make the stocking size of shrimp seedling increase to 1000 tails/kg from 3000-5000 tail/kg, to form the commercial sized prawn of larger specification, the added value of shrimp is improved; 5. cultivate natural bait by fertilising or the low value discarded object of throwing something and feeding as the part feed source of Macrobrachium nipponensis, although the method cost is lower, can pollute water body.Along with the rise in price of feedstuff and the raising of production cost, adopt the aquaculture model of high investment high production to carry out the decline year by year of benefit of Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, raiser's the difficulty that increases income is also continuing to increase, and is therefore necessary to find new cultural technique and makes up the defect of above-mentioned breeding way.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of making and using method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation are provided, material in food organisms bed after by fermentation can be directly as the food of Macrobrachium nipponensis, and have and cultivate dwell food organisms and promote the function of pasture and water growth of the end.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, feature is, comprise following component, component ratio is counted by weight: wheat bran: 1～10 part, corncob: 1～30 part, rice straw powder: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～50 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, humic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium liquid: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts;
Wheat bran, corncob, rice straw powder, zeolite powder, chicken manure, pig manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, EM bacterium liquid and water are mixed to Hou Duigao, fermentation dried after, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
Described food organisms bed is after being mixed with pond sediments by fermentation materials, cover pond bottom and can be used as Macrobrachium nipponensis, benthic bait and provide the region of source of nutrition for pasture and water.
The preparation method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, feature is, adopts following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
10～40 parts, 1～10 part, wheat bran, 1～30 part of corncob, 1～30 part of rice straw powder, 1～15 part of zeolite powder, 20～80 parts of chicken manures, 10～50 parts of pig manures, 0.1～1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1～1 part of humic acid, 0.1～1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 0.2～2.0 meter, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 20 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 10～60 days; Material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
The method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6～12 hours, or with the commercially available prosperous board drying machine drying that shakes, bake out temperature is 40 ℃～60 ℃.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, feature is to adopt following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75～150,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20～30 days, February in November to next year then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 100～2,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5～8 centimetre, form food organisms bed in pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 8～35 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, after 7 days, plant pasture and water, pasture and water coverage rate is 50%～60%.
In described step (3), the kind of pasture and water is waterweed and hydrilla verticillata.
During cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, the power configuration of aerator is 0.15～0.2kW/ mu; Oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, and summer is interval 0.5～4h time opening aerator every night, and oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, and each 1～10min makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L.
In described pond, the food organisms that dwell are that water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve are foretold one or more in spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell or yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water at the aquatic end.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages: 1, the raw material of low value can be converted into the fermentation batch of absorption easy to digest after probiotics fermention, can directly ingest for Macrobrachium nipponensis, is conducive to its shell and growth; 2, " the food organisms bed " take fermentation material as main component is positioned at pond bottom, can cultivate the bait of a large amount of benthons as Macrobrachium nipponensis, is conducive to reduce the intensity of flood competition; 3, the fermentation material in " food organisms bed " is made after probiotics fermention, is wherein rich in the probio of water quality purification function, can purifying water body, and the ecological environment at the bottom of improvement pond; 4, the nutriment in " food organisms bed " can be absorbed by pasture and water, is conducive to the growth of pasture and water, and the things concealed of the Fast Growth of pasture and water while not only can be used as Macrobrachium nipponensis shell, but also be conducive to the stable of breeding ecological; 5, adopt the method for oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine can make the dissolved oxygen amount of water body improve 2～5 times, not only can avoid Macrobrachium nipponensis and benthon that anoxic occurred in summer, and can extend the end and dwell the exponential phase of growth of food organisms, thereby improve its biomass; 6, dual oxygen supply can improve water body dissolved oxygen amount fast, and the aerator opening time shortens more than 90% than mechanical enhancement, is conducive to save electric energy; 7, can produce non-harmful organic commercial sized prawn, improve value-added content of product and the market competitiveness, improve output and benefit; 8, can reduce aquaculture cost and reduce cultivation risk.Because the present invention has above-mentioned eight large advantages, the development of therefore applying the rear aquaculture industry to Macrobrachium nipponensis has impetus.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
EM bacterium liquid used in the present invention is compound probiotic, wherein includes photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, actinomyces, little bacterium, saccharomycete and Bacillus acidi lactici etc.; The EM bacterium liquid adopting in the embodiment of the present invention is existing commercially available conventional products, is not specifically limited, as adopted commercially available aquatic products EM bacterium liquid.
Embodiment mono-: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
20 parts, 10 parts, wheat bran, 10 parts of corncobs, 10 parts of rice straw powders, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 20 parts of chicken manures, 20 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 part of humic acid, 0.4 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.2 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 20 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 600,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu, aerator in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body simultaneously, each 1～10 minute, make more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment bis-: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
37 parts, 1 part, wheat bran, 1 part of corncob, 5 parts of rice straw powders, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 40 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.4 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 part of humic acid, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.0 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 25 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 800,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%.；
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment tri-: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
23 parts, 5 parts, wheat bran, 5 parts of corncobs, 5 parts of rice straw powders, 1 part of zeolite powder, 50 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.3 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of humic acid, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.0 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 25 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20 days, November then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment tetra-: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
27 parts, 5 parts, wheat bran, 1 part of corncob, 15 parts of rice straw powders, 1 part of zeolite powder, 30 parts of chicken manures, 20 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of humic acid, 0.4 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.5 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 20 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment five: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
23 parts, 1 part, wheat bran, 1 part of corncob, 15 parts of rice straw powders, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 45 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of pig manures, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 part of humic acid, 0.2 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.0 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 30 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 300,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment six: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
23 parts, 3 parts, wheat bran, 2 parts of corncobs, 5 parts of rice straw powders, 1 part of zeolite powder, 30 parts of chicken manures, 35 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.6 part of humic acid, 0.3 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.0 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 20 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 125,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,800,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment seven: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
18 parts, 10 parts, wheat bran, 3 parts of corncobs, 10 parts of rice straw powders, 1 part of zeolite powder, 25 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 part of humic acid, 0.6 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.1 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 28 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 25 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 8 hours, material water after fermentation is sent out and be reduced to 15%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,100,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment eight: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
23 parts, 1 part, wheat bran, 5 parts of corncobs, 5 parts of rice straw powders, 5 parts of zeolite powders, 30 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.7 part of humic acid, 0.2 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.0 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 20 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 25 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is double centner/mu;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,000,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
Embodiment nine: a kind of preparation method of fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
26 parts, 1 part, wheat bran, 1 part of corncob, 20 parts of rice straw powders, 1 part of zeolite powder, 20 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of pig manures, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of humic acid, 0.4 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 1.2 meters, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 25 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 25 days; Material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6 hours, makes the material moisture after fermentation be reduced to 20%, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed; Pack by 50 kilograms of weight with Polywoven Bag.
The using method of the fermentation materials of the described food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 30 days, December then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 1,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 8 centimetre, form food organisms bed on the top layer of pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 20 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, plant pasture and water (waterweed and hydrilla verticillata) after 7 days, pasture and water coverage rate is 60%;
(4) during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygenation of micro-pore oxygenation machine, power configuration is 0.2 kilowatt/mu.Aerator is in summer at interval of 0.5～4 hour time opening, and simultaneously oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, each 1～10 minute, makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L;
(5) in pond, aquatic benthon is mainly water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve fore-telling spiral shell, ring rib spiral shell and yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water etc.
The present invention passes through the material of probiotics fermention by input, after rotary tillage, can construct " the food organisms bed " take fermentation material as main component in pond bottom, fermentation material wherein not only can directly be ingested for Macrobrachium nipponensis, and the animals and plants such as water earthworm, chironomus larvas, spiral shell and the pasture and water cultivated can be used as the bait of Macrobrachium nipponensis, be conducive to reduce flood competition intensity and improve cultivation survival rate." food organisms bed " in summer by oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, be conducive to improve the dwell culture efficiency of food organisms of the end, the natural bait of cultivating can provide extra source of nutrition for the growth of Macrobrachium nipponensis, is conducive to the raising of Macrobrachium nipponensis cultured output and benefit.
Claims (7)
1. the fermentation materials for the food organisms bed of Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation, it is characterized in that, comprise following component, component ratio is counted by weight: wheat bran: 1～10 part, corncob: 1～30 part, rice straw powder: 1～30 part, zeolite powder: 1～15 part, chicken manure: 20～80 parts, pig manure: 10～50 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1～1 part, humic acid: 0.1～1 part, EM bacterium liquid: 0.1～1 part, water: 10～40 parts;
Wheat bran, corncob, rice straw powder, zeolite powder, chicken manure, pig manure, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, humic acid, EM bacterium liquid and water are mixed to Hou Duigao, fermentation dried after, obtain the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
2. a preparation method for the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed cultivating for Macrobrachium nipponensis, is characterized in that, adopt following processing step, component ratio is counted by weight:
10～40 parts, 1～10 part, wheat bran, 1～30 part of corncob, 1～30 part of rice straw powder, 1～15 part of zeolite powder, 20～80 parts of chicken manures, 10～50 parts of pig manures, 0.1～1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1～1 part of humic acid, 0.1～1 part of EM bacterium liquid and water is mixed to rear heap high 0.2～2.0 meter, covering plastic sheeting ferments, fermentation temperature is 20 ℃～35 ℃, and fermentation time is 10～60 days; Material moisture after fermentation is reduced to 15%～20%, obtains the fermentation materials of described food organisms bed.
3. the preparation method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the method that material moisture after described fermentation reduces is: the material after fermentation is placed under sunlight to airing 6～12 hours, or Tumble Dry, bake out temperature is 40 ℃～60 ℃.
4. a using method for the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed cultivating for Macrobrachium nipponensis, is characterized in that, adopts following methods:
(1) beat dry Chi Shui, clean up the pond with quick lime, quick lime consumption is 75～150,000 grams/acre;
(2) pond bottom is tanned by the sun under sunlight after 20～30 days, February in November to next year then, the fermentation materials of food organisms bed is thrown in to pond, injected volume is 100～2,500,000 grams/acre; Adopt in the bed mud of agricultural rotary tiller rotary tillage to 5～8 centimetre, form food organisms bed in pond bottom;
(3) to injecting 8～35 centimetres of the rivers crossed through 60 order silk cover filterings in pond, after 7 days, plant pasture and water, pasture and water coverage rate is 50%～60%.
5. the using method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described step (3), the kind of pasture and water is waterweed and hydrilla verticillata.
6. the using method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: during cultivation, adopt oxygen cylinder and the dual oxygen supply of micro-pore oxygenation machine, the power configuration of aerator is 0.15～0.2kW/ mu; Oxygen cylinder is connected with micro-pore oxygenation pipe, and summer is interval 0.5～4h time opening aerator every night, and oxygen cylinder distributes oxygen by microporous pipe to water body, and each 1～10min makes more than the dissolved oxygen amount of water body remains at 4mg/L.
7. the using method of the fermentation materials of the food organisms bed for Macrobrachium nipponensis cultivation as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that:, the food organisms that dwell are that water earthworm, chironomus larvas, sieve are foretold spiral shell, encircle one or more in rib spiral shell or yellow a species of small clam living in fresh water at the aquatic end in described the pond in.
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| CN104814328A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-08-05 | 苏州市相城区阳澄湖镇剑美水产生态养殖专业合作社 | Organic freshwater shrimp bait |
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