CN103796600B - 具有连接至功率超声换能器的滑环组件的外科器械 - Google Patents

具有连接至功率超声换能器的滑环组件的外科器械 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103796600B
CN103796600B CN201180063996.5A CN201180063996A CN103796600B CN 103796600 B CN103796600 B CN 103796600B CN 201180063996 A CN201180063996 A CN 201180063996A CN 103796600 B CN103796600 B CN 103796600B
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transducer
component
drum
surgical instruments
current
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CN103796600A (zh
Inventor
D·J·穆莫
S·D·比亚尔克扎克
S·莱
C·T·戴维斯
J·A·威德三世
K·M·鲁普
F·B·斯图伦
T·G·迪茨
K·L·豪泽
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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Ethicon Endo Surgery Inc
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种外科器械,所述外科器械包括具有第一部件和第二部件的可旋转的电联接组件,所述第一部件与第二部件电联接并相对于彼此旋转。第二部件由联接至换能器的管套环承载并与所述管套环一起旋转。换能器的一部分穿过第二部件的孔插入,但不接触第二部件。所述组件的第一部件可通过弹簧针、电刷触点或滚珠电联接至第二部件。作为另外一种选择,第一部件可包括形成于壳体中的导电通道。第二部件可包括具有导电迹线的可旋转鼓。在一些型式中,一个或多个元件可包括MID元件。在另一种型式中,可旋转的电联接组件包括可旋转的PC板和电刷触点。此外,电路板还可在换能器壳体内部设有换能器。

Description

具有连接至功率超声换能器的滑环组件的外科器械
优先权
本专利申请要求提交于2010年11月5日且名称为“Energy-Based SurgicalInstruments”的美国临时申请序列号61/410,603的优先权,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
本专利申请还要求提交于2011年5月19日且名称为“Energy-Based SurgicalInstruments”的美国临时申请序列号61/487,846的优先权,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
本专利申请还要求提交于2011年10月17日且名称为“Surgical Instrument withSlip Ring Assemblyto Power Ultrasonic Transducer”的美国非临时申请序列号13/274,480的优先权,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
背景技术
在一些情况下,内窥镜式外科器械可优于传统的开放式外科装置,因为较小的切口可减少术后恢复时间和并发症。因此,一些内窥镜式外科器械可适于将远侧端部执行器通过套管针的插管设置在期望手术部位处。这些远侧端部执行器(例如,直线切割器、抓紧器、切割器、缝合器、施夹钳、进入装置、药物/基因治疗递送装置、以及使用超声、射频、激光等的能量递送装置)可以多种方式接合组织,以达到诊断或治疗的效果。内窥镜式外科器械可包括轴,所述轴位于端部执行器与由临床医生操纵的柄部之间。这种轴可允许插入至期望深度并围绕轴的纵向轴线旋转,由此有利于将端部执行器定位在患者体内。
内窥镜式外科器械的例子包括公开于下述专利中的那些:2006年4月13日公布的名称为“Tissue Pad Use with an Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument”的美国专利公布2006/0079874,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年8月16日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating”的美国专利公布2007/0191713,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2007年12月6日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Waveguide andBlade”的美国专利公布2007/0282333,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2008年8月21日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating”的美国专利公布2008/0200940,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2011年1月20日公布的名称为“RotatingTransducer Mount for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国专利公布2011/0015660,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;2002年12月31日公布的名称为“Electrosurgical Systems and Techniques for Sealing Tissue”的美国专利6,500,176,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文;以及2011年4月14日公布的名称为“SurgicalInstrument Comprising First and Second Drive Systems Actuatable by a CommonTrigger Mechanism”的美国专利公布2011/0087218,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。另外,这些外科工具可包括无线换能器,例如公开于2009年6月4日的名称为“Cordless Hand-held Ultrasonic Cautery Cutting Device”的美国专利公布2009/0143797中所公开的无线换能器,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
另外,外科器械可用于或者可适用于机器人辅助的外科手术场景,例如公开于2004年8月31日的名称为“Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizing andCutting Instrument”的美国专利6,783,524中的机器人辅助的外科手术场景。
尽管已研制出多种系统和方法并已将其用于外科器械,但据信在本发明人之前尚无人研制出或使用所附权利要求中描述的发明。
附图说明
尽管本说明书以特别指出并明确要求保护本技术的权利要求书作出结论,但据信通过以下结合附图对某些例子所作的描述将会更好地理解本技术,附图中类似的附图标号表示相同元件,其中:
图1示出了包括外科器械和发生器的示例性外科系统的透视图;
图2示出了用于具有波节凸缘的示例性换能器的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧正视图;
图3示出了具有电极桥和环触点的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的分解透视图;
图4示出了图3所示的可旋转的电联接组件的局部剖面透视图,其显示电联接至第一环触点的第一电桥以及与第二环触点绝缘的后续电桥;
图5示出了图3所示的可旋转的电联接组件的局部剖面透视图,其显示电联接至第二环触点的第二电桥;
图6示出了具有可插入示例性换能器中的示例性电缆插头的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图;
图7示出了具有放大电极的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的透视图,所述放大电极电联接至定子壳体的定子导体;
图8示出了图7所示的可旋转的电联接组件的放大的局部透明剖视图,其显示电极与定子导体的电联接;
图9示出了具有波形电极的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图;
图10示出了用于图9所示可旋转的电联接组件的示例性波形电极的正视图;
图11示出了具有外部外壳组件以及内部定子组件的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的剖面透视图,所述外部外壳组件以及内部定子组件能够形成多个薄烤饼型滑环组件;
图12示出了图11所示可旋转的电联接组件的放大剖面透视图,其显示外部转子盘电联接至内部定子盘;
图13示出了具有外部外壳组件以及内部定子组件的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的剖面透视图,外部外壳组件以及内部定子组件能够形成多个薄烤饼型滑环组件;
图14示出了具有螺纹缆线和可缠绕导线的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图;
图15示出了图14所示的可旋转的电联接组件的透视图,其显示可旋转的电联接组件联接至换能器的近端;
图16示出了具有多个滚珠的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧正视图,所述滚珠电联接至换能器的电极;
图17示出了示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的放大局部侧剖视图,其显示位于凹槽中的一对滚珠并具有用于将滚珠电联接至换能器的电极的导线;
图18示出了具有弹簧偏置滚珠的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图,所述弹簧偏置滚珠电联接至凹槽中的电极;
图19示出了具有可旋转鼓的另一示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图,所述可旋转鼓电联接至弹簧针;
图20示出了示例性供选择的可旋转鼓的侧正视图,所述可旋转鼓可联接至卷缩触点;
图21示出了两个电极串的俯视平面图,所述电极串具有整体式卷缩触点以联接至图20所示的鼓;
图22示出了具有挂钩的另一供选择的可旋转鼓的透视图以及可联接至可旋转鼓的导电部分的俯视平面图;
图23示出了具有狭槽的另一供选择的可旋转鼓的透视图以及可联接至可旋转鼓的导电部分的俯视平面图;
图24示出了具有弓形狭槽的另一供选择的可旋转鼓的透视图以及可联接至可旋转鼓的导电部分的俯视平面图;
图25示出了具有鼓的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的局部侧视透视图,所述鼓被容纳在由挂钩可旋转地固定的壳体内;
图26示出了图25所示鼓和壳体的分解透视图;
图27示出了图26所示鼓和壳体的透视图,所述鼓和壳体显示为被组装在一起;
图28示出了具有偏置接触片的另一示例性可旋转的电联接组件的透视图,所述偏置接触片具有弓形接触部分;
图29示出了具有可旋转鼓的另一示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图,所述可旋转鼓由螺纹管套环承载;
图30示出了在柄部组件中具有导电迹线和整体式MID电刷的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的局部侧正视图;
图31示出了可选择性联接的MID电刷组件的俯视透视图和仰视透视图;
图32示出了示例性MID鼓的分解透视图;
图33示出了能够承载印刷电路板的旋转鼓的透视图;
图34示出了具有导电迹线的印刷电路板的正视图;
图35示出了使用图34所示的印刷电路板和图33所示旋转鼓的经组装的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的透视图;
图36示出了图35所示的经组装的示例性可旋转的电联接组件的侧正视图,所述可旋转的电联接组件显示为传送壳体的一部分被移除且具有换能器;
图37示出了各种供选择的电刷触点的透视图;
图38示出了具有印刷电路板的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的局部透视图,其中导电迹线和传送壳体被整合到柄部组件中;
图39示出了具有印刷电路板和导电波形弹簧的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的侧剖视图;
图40示出了图39所示的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的透视图,其显示用于固定可插入环的一对插片臂;
图41示出了图39所示的示例性供选择的可旋转的电联接组件的透视图,其中外部壳体被省略;
图42示出了具有整体式导电环触点的两个电极串的俯视平面图;
图43示出了示例性可旋转的电联接组件的后正视图,其显示具有导电环的壳体;
图44示出了沿图43的线44-44截取的图43所示示例性可旋转的电联接组件的局部侧剖视图,其显示与壳体成一整体的电路板、换能器和传感器。
附图并非意在以任何方式进行限制,并且可以预期本技术的各种实施例能够以多种其他方式来执行,包括那些未必在附图中示出的方式。附图并入本说明书中并构成其一部分,示出了本技术的多个方面,并与具体实施方式一起用于说明本技术的原理;然而,应当理解,本技术不限于所示出的明确布置方式。
具体实施方式
本技术的某些例子的下述描述不应被用于限制其范围。通过以下举例说明(其被认为是用于实施本技术的最佳方式之一),本技术的其他例子、特征、方面、实施例和优点对于本领域技术人员而言将变得显而易见。正如将会意识到的,本文所述的技术包括其他不同且明显的方面,这些都未脱离本技术。因此,附图和具体实施方式应被视为实质上是示例性的,而非限制性的。
I.示例性超声外科系统的概述
图1示出了示例性超声外科系统10,其包括超声外科器械50、发生器20和缆线30,该缆线能够操作以将发生器20联接到外科器械50。合适的发生器20为由Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)出售的GEN300。仅以举例的方式,发生器20可根据2011年4月14日公布的名称为“Surgical Generator for Ultrasonic and ElectrosurgicalDevices”的美国公布2011/0087212的教导内容进行构造,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。应该指出的是,将参照超声外科器械来描述外科器械50;然而,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,下文所述的技术可用于多种外科器械,包括但不限于直线切割器、抓紧器、切割器、缝合器、施夹钳、进入装置、药物/基因治疗递送装置、以及使用超声、射频、激光等的能量递送装置、和/或它们的任何组合。此外,尽管本例将参照电缆连接的外科器械50进行描述,但应当理解,外科器械50可适于无线操作,例如公开于2009年6月4日的名称为“Cordless Hand-held Ultrasonic Cautery Cutting Device”的美国专利公布2009/0143797中所公开的无线操作,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。此外,外科装置50也可用于或适用于机器人辅助的外科场景,例如公开于2004年8月31日的名称为“Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizing and CuttingInstrument”的美国专利6,783,524中所公开的机器人辅助的外科场景。
本例的外科器械50包括多部件柄部组件60、细长的传输组件70和换能器100。传输组件70在传输组件70的近端处联接至多部件柄部组件60并且从多部件柄部组件60朝远侧延伸。在本例中,传输组件70能够为细长的、细管状组件以用于内窥镜式用途,但应当理解,作为另外一种选择,传输组件70可为短组件,例如2007年12月6日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Waveguide and Blade”的美国专利公布2007/0282333以及2008年8月21日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating”的美国专利公布2008/0200940中所公开的那些,这些公布的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。本例的传输组件70包括外部护套72、内部管状致动构件(未示出)、波导(未示出)、以及位于传输组件70的远端上的端部执行器80。在本例中,端部执行器80包括联接至波导的刀片82、能够操作以在传输组件70的近端处枢转的夹持臂84、以及任选的一个或多个可联接至夹持臂84的夹持垫86。适于将超声能量从换能器100传输到刀片82的波导可为柔性、半柔性或刚性的。一种仅为示例性的超声换能器100为由Ethicon Endo-Surgery,Inc.(Cincinnati,Ohio)出售的型号HP054。还应当理解,夹持臂84以及相关联的结构可根据1999年11月9日公布的名称为“Ultrasonic Clamp Coagulator Apparatus Having Improved Clamp Arm Pivot Mount”的美国专利5,980,510的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造和操作,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。如本领域中所熟知,波导也能够将通过波导传输到刀片82的机械振动放大。波导还可具有用于控制沿波导的纵向振动的增益的结构,并且具有用于将波导调谐至系统共振频率的结构。
在本例中,刀片82的远端设置在波腹附近,以便在声学组件未被组织承载时将声学组件调谐至优选的共振频率fo。当换能器100通电时,刀片82的远端能够在例如大约10至500微米峰间范围内、并且优选地在约20至约200微米的范围内以例如55.5kHz的预定振动频率fo纵向运动。当本例的换能器100被激活时,这些机械振荡通过波导被传输到端部执行器80。在本例中,联接到波导的刀片82在超声频率下振荡。因此,当将组织固定在刀片82与夹持臂84之间时,刀片82的超声振荡可同时切割组织并且使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,由此提供具有相对较少热扩散的促凝效果。也可通过刀片82和夹持臂84提供电流以另外烧灼组织。尽管已描述出传输组件70和换能器100的一些构型,但根据本文的教导内容,传输组件70和换能器100的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
本例的多部件柄部组件60包括配对的外壳部分62和下部部分64。配对的外壳部分62能够在配对的外壳部分62的近端处容纳换能器100并且在配对的外壳部分62的远端处容纳传输组件70的近端。在配对的外壳部分62的远端上设有孔(在以下更详细地描述),以用于插入各种传输组件70。在本例中示出了用于使传输组件70和/或换能器100旋转的旋转旋钮66,但应当理解,旋转旋钮66仅为任选的。多部件柄部组件60的下部64包括触发器68并且能够供使用者单手抓紧。下部64的一个仅为示例性的供选择的构型示出于2011年1月20日公布的名称为“Rotating Transducer Mount for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments”的美国专利公布2011/0015660的图1中,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
触发按钮(未示出)可位于下部部分64的远侧表面上并且能够操作以利用发生器20以不同操作水平激活换能器100。例如,第一触发按钮可激活最大能量水平下的换能器100而第二触发按钮可激活最小、非零能量水平下的换能器100。当然,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,触发按钮能够用于除最大和/或最小能量水平之外的能量水平。此外,触发按钮可位于多部件柄部组件60上、换能器100上、和/或远离外科器械50的任何其他位置,并且可提供任意数量的触发按钮。
尽管已参照两个不同部分62,64来描述多部件柄部组件60,但应当理解,多部件柄部组件60可为两个部分62,64结合在一起的一体组件。作为另外一种选择,多部件柄部组件60可分成多个分立元件,例如单独的启动部分(可通过使用者的手或脚来操作)和单独的配对的外壳部分62。启动部分能够操作以启动换能器100并且可远离配对的外壳部分62。如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,多部件柄部组件60可由耐用塑料(例如聚碳酸酯或液晶聚合物)、陶瓷、和/或金属、或者任何其他合适的材料进行构造。根据本文的教导内容,多部件柄部组件60的其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,器械50可作为机器人系统的一部分进行操作。根据本文的教导内容,多部件柄部组件60对于本领域的普通技术人员而言也将是显而易见的。仅以举例的方式,外科器械50可根据下述专利的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利公布2006/0079874、美国专利公布2007/0191713、美国专利公布2007/0282333、美国专利公布2008/0200940、美国专利公布2011/0015660、美国专利6,500,176、美国专利公布2011/0087218、和/或美国专利公布2009/0143797。可结合到外科器械50中的附加构型在2011年10月10日提交的名称为“Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument with Modular End Effector”的美国专利申请序列号[代理人案卷号END7012USNP.0587824]中有所描述,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
II.示例性可旋转的电联接组件
在某些情况下,在使用外科器械50的同时旋转换能器100对使用者而言可为有用的。例如,换能器100的旋转可允许端部执行器80旋转,使得夹持臂84能够相对于柄部组件60重新取向。这可允许使用者以各种角度夹持并切断组织。在一些器械中,如果缆线30直接电联接至换能器100,则换能器100和/或端部执行器80的旋转可缠绕缆线30和/或缆线30的导线。因此,提供可旋转的电联接可减少或消除缆线30和/或导线的这种潜在缠绕和/或捆绑。
A.示例性波节凸缘换能器
图2示出了具有一对波节凸缘210,220的示例性换能器200,所述波节凸缘能够操作以将换能器200电联接至壳体250的壳体触点260,270。应当理解,换能器200可构成上述换能器100的修改型式。本例的换能器200包括多个压电元件230,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器234与第二共振器236之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件230可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。在本例中,远侧波节凸缘210包括导电材料,所述导电材料位于远侧波节凸缘210的圆周上。远侧波节凸缘210联接至第一共振器234并位于换能器200的波节处。波节是其中由于经由换能器200传播的超声振动而出现的位移处在零处的点。近侧波节凸缘220包括导电材料,该导电材料位于近侧波节凸缘220的圆周上。另外,近侧波节凸缘220正好位于最近侧压电元件230的远侧并且也位于换能器200的波节处,尽管这种布置方式仅为任选的。例如,近侧波节凸缘220可在第一共振器234上在其他压电元件230之间联接至第二共振器236,和/或以其他方式布置。
在本例中,近侧波节凸缘220能够电联接至来自缆线诸如缆线30的正极或“导电”导线,而远侧波节凸缘210能够电联接至来自缆线的负极或接地导线。因此,波节凸缘210,220能够在其之间通过一个或多个电极232在所述多个压电元件230的两端上形成电势,使得所述多个压电元件230将电力转换成超声振动。因此,当电源联接至缆线且电源被启动时,这种超声振动朝远侧传播至波导202。波导202可联接至端部执行器的刀片(诸如上述刀片82和端部执行器80),使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。
在本例中,第二共振器236经由中心螺栓(未示出)电联接至远侧波节凸缘210。第二共振器236还电联接至最近侧压电元件230,使得从近侧波节凸缘220至第二共振器236在最近侧压电元件230的两端上形成电势。应当理解,本例的近侧波节凸缘220包括环面,该环面并不电联接至中心螺栓。在某些情况下,可在近侧波节凸缘220与中心螺栓之间设置绝缘体。因此,无需使用垫片或导线穿过近侧波节凸缘220以将最近侧压电元件230电联接至远侧波节凸缘210。在一些型式中,远侧波节凸缘210还能够在轴向方向上基本上固定换能器200并同时仍允许旋转。例如,壳体250可包括插片或套环以限制远侧波节凸缘210的轴向运动。在其他型式中,波节凸缘210,220可包括环形凹槽,使得壳体触点260,270可插入该环形凹槽中以确保适当的电性连接。当然,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,换能器200和波节凸缘210,220可具有其他构型。
本例的壳体250可根据上述柄部组件60的教导内容中的至少一些进行构造:美国专利公布2006/0079874、美国专利公布2007/0191713、美国专利公布2007/0282333、美国专利公布2008/0200940、美国专利公布2011/0015660、美国专利6,500,176、美国专利公布2011/0087218、美国专利公布2009/0143797;和/或其他。在本例中,壳体250包括壳体触点260,270。远侧壳体触点260能够电联接至远侧波节凸缘210,并且近侧壳体触点270能够电联接至近侧波节凸缘220。本例的壳体触点260,270还能够甚至在换能器200旋转时维持与波节凸缘210,220的电联接。例如,壳体触点260,270可包括弹性偏置针、滑环、弹性偏置片簧、具有端部触点的弹性偏置杆臂、和/或如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的任何其他触点。壳体触点260,270电联接至一条或多条导线(未示出),使得电力可从电源(诸如发生器20或电池)传送至换能器200。在一些型式中,壳体触点260,270中的一者可电联接至导线,该导线电联接至开关,该开关可由触发器或按钮操作。因此,触发器或按钮可用于选择性地启动换能器200。当然,根据本文的教导内容,壳体250以及壳体触点260,270的其他布置方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
当使用者使用外科器械时,使用者可期望旋转端部执行器以切断组织。因此,壳体触点260,270以及波节凸缘210,220允许使用者使端部执行器与换能器200一起旋转过360度而不会使换能器200从电源脱离。
B.示例性电桥电联接
图3-5示出了具有电桥310,320的另一示例性换能器300,所述电桥电联接压电元件330的两个或更多个交替的电极332。压电元件330被压缩在第一共振器334与第二共振器336之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件330可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或电极332之间的任何合适的压电晶体材料。在本例中,交替的电极332通过电桥310,320电联接,使得当电源联接至电桥310,320时,在所述多个压电元件330的两端上形成电势。因此,当电源启动时,所述多个压电元件330将电力转换成超声振动。这种超声振动朝远侧传播至波导(未示出)。如先前所述,波导可联接至端部执行器的刀片,使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。
如图3所示,第一电桥310电联接一对交替的电极332,并且能够通过第一环触点360电联接至电源,如下文所述。在本例中,第一电桥310能够从电源接收正极或“带电”电性连接。如图3所示,后续电桥312通过共用电极332电联接至第一电桥310。后续电桥312包括绝缘材料以电性隔离后续电桥312,以防止意外电联接至除后续电桥312电联接的期望电极332之外的其他元件。第二电桥320电联接一对交替的电极332(其不同于第一电桥310电联接的电极332),并且第二电桥320能够通过第二环触点370电联接至电源,如将在下文所述。在本例中,第二电桥320能够从电源接收负极或接地电性连接。尽管本示例性换能器300示出了四个压电元件330,然而应理解,可使用任何数目的压电元件330,根据本文的教导内容这对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,类似于后续电桥312的具有绝缘材料的一个或多个附加电桥(未示出)可通过共用电极332或后续电联接的电极332电联接至第二电桥320和/或第一电桥310。因此,多个压电元件330和电极332可由电桥310,312,320联接以形成任何数目的压电元件叠堆。当然,根据本文的教导内容,换能器300和/或电桥310,312,320的另一些其他布置方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
换能器壳体350包括设置在其中的第一环触点360和第二环触点370。在本例中,换能器壳体350包括具有开口远端的杯状构件,所述杯状构件能够安装在换能器300的近端之上。换能器壳体350包括塑性构件,然而也可使用其他非导电构件或具有绝缘材料的导电构件。在其他型式中,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,可使用二极管电路或任何其他电性元件使换能器壳体350电性隔离。如图4-5中最佳显示,换能器壳体350包括一对凹口352,第一环触点360和第二环触点370插入并固定到所述凹口中。环触点360,370可包括分流环触点、弹性片簧、卷簧、和/或如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的任何其他触点。第一环触点360被定位成使得甚至当换能器1300围绕纵向轴线旋转360度时,第一电桥310也基本上接触并电联接至第一环触点360。第二环触点370被定位成使得甚至当换能器300围绕纵向轴线旋转360度时,第二电桥320也基本上接触并电联接至第二环触点370。图4-5显示环触点360,370的一个仅为示例性的布置方式,使得电桥310,320电联接至对应的环触点360,370。如图4所示,后续电桥312(其包括绝缘材料)接触但并不电联接至第二环触点370。因此,使用者可旋转换能器壳体350内的换能器300,并且同时电桥310,320保持电联接至环触点360,370。
换能器壳体350还包括外壳座架380和一对纵向狭槽390。外壳座架380能够操作以将换能器壳体350固定至柄部组件(诸如上述柄部组件60),使得当换能器300旋转时换能器壳体350不旋转。纵向狭槽390分别包括孔392,导线394可通过该孔联接至对应的环触点360,370。例如,导线394可焊接至环触点360,370。作为另外一种选择,导线394可通过可选择性联接的电性连接器(铲形片、环触点、卷曲连接器等)联接至环触点360,370。导线394联接至电源(诸如发生器20和/或电池),使得电力可传送至环触点360,370并随后传送至电桥310,320。在一些型式中,导线394中的一者可电联接至可由触发器或按钮操作的开关,使得触发器或按钮可用于选择性地启动换能器300。
根据本文的教导内容,换能器壳体350和环触点360,370的其他适当的布置方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,在一些型式中,换能器壳体350可包括远侧构件或插片,该远侧构件或插片能够操作以将换能器300纵向固定至换能器壳体350。这种远侧构件或插片可选择性地接合凸缘或换能器300的其他结构。在其他型式中,换能器壳体350和/或换能器300可由可平移的构件承载,使得使用者可控制换能器壳体350和/或换能器300的纵向位置。例如,换能器壳体350可通过触发器致动以在触发器枢转时使环触点360,370与电桥310,320选择性地脱离和重新接合。这种致动可电性隔离换能器300,直到触发器被拉动。
C.示例性插入式电联接组件
图6示出了具有中心螺栓410的示例性换能器400,该换能器具有近侧孔416,该近侧孔能够在其中容纳电缆插头450。本例的换能器400包括多个压电元件430,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器432与第二共振器434之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件430可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。多个电极420被设置在相邻压电元件430之间。在本例中,电桥422电联接交替的电极420。因此,当电极420联接至电源时,通过电桥422在所述多个压电元件430的两端上施加电势。电桥422可包括绝缘材料以防止电桥422与交替的电极420和/或其他元件意外电联接,尽管这仅为任选的。应当理解,本例的电桥422仅为示例性的,并且电极420可通过任何其他电性连接器而电联接,根据本文的教导内容,这对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在本例中,中心螺栓410纵向延伸通过中心孔,所述中心孔形成于压电元件430和电极420中的每一者中。螺栓410可包括非导电材料,或者在一些型式中,螺栓410可包括导电材料且绝缘材料使一个或多个电极420与螺栓410电性隔离。除此之外或作为另外一种选择,可在螺栓410的外部与压电元件430的中心开口的内径之间提供间隙。中心螺栓410包括纵向延伸的凹口418,所述凹口形成于中心螺栓410中并从近侧孔416朝远侧延伸。如图6所示,中心螺栓410形成能够容纳电缆插头450的凹承窝,如下文所详述。在本例中,近侧电极424电联接至中心螺栓410上形成的近侧棘爪412,使得近侧电极424选择性地电联接至电缆插头450的近侧导电部分470。远侧电极426电联接至中心螺栓410上形成的远侧棘爪414,使得远侧电极426选择性地电联接至电缆插头450的远侧导电部分460。当然,棘爪412,414仅为示例性的,并且如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,可提供用于中心螺栓410的其他结构。例如,可提供弹性偏置针或球、柔性接片、导电性鸭嘴密封件等。
本例的电缆插头450包括主体452,该主体具有远侧导电部分460和近侧导电部分470。本例的导电部分460,470包括电缆插头450的环形凹陷部分,所述环形凹陷部分能够容纳并电联接至棘爪412,414。远侧导电部分460电联接至缆线(诸如缆线30)的第一导线(未示出),并且近侧导电部分470电联接至缆线的第二导线。缆线联接至电源,使得第一导线和第二导线将电力传送至导体460,470。在某些情况下,电缆插头450可以类似于立体插头的方式进行构造。如根据本文的教导内容由本领域的普通技术人员所理解的那样,当电缆插头450插入凹口418中且电源通过导电部分460,470电联接至棘爪412,414时,电极420在其之间在所述多个压电元件430的两端上形成电势,使得所述多个压电元件430将电力转换成超声振动。这种超声振动通过波导402朝远侧传播。波导402可联接至端部执行器的刀片(诸如端部执行器80的刀片82),使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。
在本例中,使用者可旋转换能器400和/或端部执行器,从而以各种取向切断组织。当换能器400旋转时,电缆插头450的导电部分460,470保持电联接至棘爪412,414,使得换能器400在旋转期间保持电联接至电源。根据本文的教导内容,电缆插头450和/或换能器400的其他合适的布置方式和/或构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,多个导电部分460,470可形成于电缆插头450上以电联接每一电极420。在这种布置方式中,可省略电桥422。此外,电缆插头450能够相对于换能器400以旋转方式固定。仅以举例的方式,电缆插头450可以机械方式固定到柄部组件(诸如上述柄部组件60),而换能器400通过滚珠构件安装在柄部组件中,这些滚珠构件允许换能器400相对于柄部组件旋转。
D.示例性的基于电极的电联接组件
在某些情况下,使用换能器100的电极作为电联接组件的一部分是优选的。使用电极可减少用于换能器100的元件的数目,并同时仍允许换能器100为可旋转的。另外,部件数目的减少可降低生产换能器100的成本和/或由于一体式电联接组件而允许换能器100的自动化组装。因此,现在将更详细地说明使用电极作为电联接组件的一部分的换能器的各种例子。
i.具有外部外壳定子的示例性电极
图7-8示出了具有多个放大电极510的示例性换能器500,所述多个放大电极从换能器500沿圆周向外延伸并与定子壳体550的多个定子导体560接合。本例的换能器500包括多个压电元件530,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器532与第二共振器534之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件530可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。如图8中最佳所示,电极510包括设置在相邻压电元件530之间的导电盘,所述导电盘分别具有中心开口以允许中心螺栓延伸通过其中。当电极510交替地联接至电源的正极或“带电”引线并联接至负极或接地引线时,则在所述多个压电元件530的两端上施加电势。因此,所述多个压电元件530的两端上的电势使所述多个压电元件530将电力转换成超声振动。这种超声振动通过波导502朝远侧传播。波导502可联接至端部执行器的刀片(诸如端部执行器80的刀片82),使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。本例的换能器500还包括角状凸缘504,该角状凸缘能够邻接定子壳体550的远侧凸缘552,如将在下文中更详细所述。角状凸缘504还可包括密封件(未示出)以将角状凸缘504流体密封至远侧凸缘552。
定子壳体550包括多个定子导体560,所述多个定子导体能够电联接至所述多个电极510。本例的定子壳体550包括非导电材料诸如塑料,尽管可利用二极管电路或任何其他电性元件来电性隔离定子壳体550,这根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。定子壳体550能够联接至柄部组件诸如柄部组件60,使得换能器500能够相对于定子壳体550旋转而定子壳体550并不旋转。当然,作为另外一种选择,定子壳体550可固定到外科器械的其他元件,或者定子壳体550可不被固定。定子壳体550还包括能够邻接角状凸缘504的远侧凸缘552。在本例中,定子导体560包括能够邻接并电联接至电极510的扁平导电环。如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,邻接角状凸缘504的远侧凸缘552和邻接电极510的定子导体560被定位成使得定子导体560压靠电极510。在一些型式中,可提供一个或多个弹簧和/或其他弹性构件以将定子导体560压靠在电极510上。连接器接片562从定子导体560延伸并能够联接至电源的正极或“带电”导线或联接至负极或接地导线。在图7-8所示的例子中,连接器接片562以预定取向从定子壳体550向外延伸,使得联接至电源的正极导线的定子导体560具有沿第一方向取向的连接器接片562,而联接至电源的负极导线的定子导体560具有沿第二方向取向的连接器接片562。当然,连接器接片562仅为任选的,电源的导线可相反直接联接至定子导体560。作为另外一种选择,可提供跳线以电联接对应的定子导体560。
在本例中,使用者可旋转换能器500和/或端部执行器,从而以各种取向切断组织。当换能器500旋转时,电极510在换能器500的旋转期间保持电联接至定子导体560。因此,换能器500的电极510可用作旋转的电联接组件的用于维持换能器500与电源之间的电性连接的一部分。根据本文的教导内容,用于定子壳体550、定子导体560和/或换能器500的其他适宜的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
ii.示例性波形电极
图9-10示出了具有多个波形电极610的供选择的换能器600,所述多个波形电极从换能器600向外延伸并与定子壳体650的通道652内的一个或多个导体660接合。本例的换能器600包括多个压电元件630,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器632与第二共振器634之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件630可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。波形电极610设置在压电元件630之间,并且每一波形电极610包括中心开口,所述中心开口能够允许中心螺栓延伸通过其中。尽管换能器600的电极中的仅一些电极被显示为波形电极610,然而应当理解,换能器600的所有电极均可包括波形电极610,但这仅为任选的。波形电极610交替地联接至电源的正极或“带电”引线并联接至负极或接地引线。由此,在所述多个压电元件630的两端上施加电势。所述多个压电元件630的两端上的电势使所述多个压电元件630将电力转换成超声振动。这种超声振动通过波导602朝远侧传播。波导602可联接至端部执行器的刀片(诸如端部执行器80的刀片82),使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。
如图10中最佳所示,波形电极610包括具有弓形部分612的导电盘,所述弓形部分从电极610的中心轴线向外延伸。弓形部分612包括多个脊614,所述多个脊形成非平坦的或波状表面。仅以举例的方式,脊614可为向外延伸的辐射状脊,并以类似于瓶盖的脊的方式进行构造。在其他型式中,脊614可为沿圆周取向的脊。脊614能够接触导体660,使得当弓形部分612插入通道652中时,电极610电联接至导体660。如图10所示,弓形部分612包括由脊状材料形成的90度弧,但这仅为任选的。在一些型式中,弓形部分612可包括由脊614形成的小于90度或大于90度的弧。例如,弓形部分612可围绕每一电极610延伸360度以形成连续的脊状盘。
重新参考图9,定子壳体650包括多个通道652,在每一通道652内容纳有导体660。在一些型式中,导体660、通道652和定子壳体650可包括模制互连装置(“MID”),但这仅为任选的。在本例中,通道652的尺寸适于在通道652中容纳对应电极610的弓形部分612。在一些型式中,通道652的尺寸可小于弓形部分612的脊614,使得脊614被压缩在通道652内。脊614的这种压缩可维持弓形部分612与每一通道652的导体660之间的电联接。导体660联接至电源的对应导线,使得电力被供应至电极610以在换能器600的压电元件630的两端上形成电势。类似于上述定子壳体550,本例的定子壳体650固定到柄部组件(诸如柄部组件60),使得换能器600能够相对于定子壳体650旋转。当然,作为另外一种选择,定子壳体650可固定到外科装置的其他元件或者定子壳体650可不被固定。根据本文的教导内容,定子壳体650的另一些其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在本例中,使用者可旋转换能器600和/或端部执行器,从而以各种取向切断组织。当换能器600旋转时,电极610旋转且通过弓形部分612保持电联接至通道652内的导体660。因此,换能器600的电极610可用作旋转的电联接组件的用于维持换能器600与电源之间的电力连接的一部分。根据本文的教导内容,用于定子壳体650、电极610和/或换能器600的其他适宜的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
E.示例性近侧安装式电联接组件
在某些情况下,将可旋转的电联接组件设置在换能器100的近端处或整合到缆线30的远端中是优选的。如果在外科器械50中在换能器100的远端处空间有限,则这种构型是优选的。
i.示例性朝近侧安装的薄烤饼型滑环连接器组件
图11-12示出了具有多个外部转子盘710的可旋转的外部外壳组件700,所述多个外部转子盘能够电联接至多个内部定子盘760,所述多个内部定子盘安装至内部定子组件750。本例的外部外壳组件700包括具有多个构件704的远侧壁702,所述多个构件能够将外部外壳组件700联接至换能器的近端。构件704能够将外部外壳组件700固定到换能器,使得当换能器旋转时,外部外壳组件700也旋转。本例的构件704包括弹性塑料指状物,所述指状物能够选择性地联接至换能器的螺栓的头部,使得换能器(以及因此螺栓)的旋转也会通过构件704使外部外壳组件700旋转。外部外壳组件700还包括具有多个凹口708的主体部分706,所述多个凹口能够将外部转子盘710容纳在其中。在一些型式中,主体部分706可包括一个或多个蛤壳部分,所述蛤壳部分联接在一起以将内部定子组件750固定在其中,但这仅为任选的。如图12中最佳显示,外部转子盘710包括导电盘,所述导电盘能够当内部定子盘760被压靠在外部转子盘710上时电联接至内部定子盘760,从而形成薄烤饼型滑环组件。外部转子盘710还包括连接器712,所述连接器电联接至换能器的一个或多个电极,诸如上述设置在压电元件230之间的电极232。如图11所示,连接器712位于主体部分706的交替侧上,并能够对应于正极或“带电”引线并对应于负极或接地引线。
内部定子组件750包括远侧芯轴752以及主体部分754。主体部分754包括多个内部定子盘760,所述内部定子盘通过通道756安装至主体部分754。在本例中,内部定子盘760包括导电盘,所述导电盘能够压靠并电联接至外部转子盘710。远侧芯轴752能够邻接远侧壁702以提供力来将内部定子盘760压靠在外部转子盘710上。内部定子盘760还包括内部连接器762,所述内部连接器电联接至缆线(诸如缆线30)的正极导线和/或负极导线,以将电力提供至内部定子盘760。因此,内部定子盘760能够通过与外部转子盘710一起形成的可旋转的薄烤饼型滑环将电力提供至换能器的电极。
利用本外部转子组件700和内部定子组件750,使用者可将换能器700和/或端部执行器相对于内部定子组件750旋转至各种角度,从而以各种取向切断组织。当换能器旋转(以及因此外部转子组件700通过构件704旋转)时,换能器的电极通过薄烤饼型滑环组件保持电联接至电源,所述薄烤饼型滑环组件是由外部转子盘710和内部定子盘760的电联接组件形成。根据本文的教导内容,用于外部转子组件700和/或内部定子组件750的其他适宜的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,在一些型式中,外部转子组件700可联接至缆线,而内部定子组件750则联接至换能器和电极。
ii.示例性弹簧偏置薄烤饼型滑环连接器组件
图13显示示例性供选择的外部转子组件800和内部定子组件850。在本例中,外部转子组件800包括具有多个狭槽812的外部外壳810,所述多个狭槽能够容纳多个外部转子盘820的接片822。本例的外部外壳810联接至位于外部外壳810的远端818处的换能器(未示出)并与所述换能器一起旋转。在一些型式中,外部外壳810通过远侧壁818固定到换能器的近端,但这仅为任选的。在其他型式中,外部外壳810是与换能器整体地形成,诸如整体地形成到换能器壳体(未示出),以形成材料的均匀的连续统一体。外部外壳810还包括具有近侧孔816的近端壁814,所述近侧孔能够允许内部芯轴860的一部分延伸穿过其中。外部转子盘820包括具有向外延伸的接片822的导电盘,所述接片插入外部外壳810的狭槽812中。因此,当外部外壳810旋转时,外部转子盘820也通过接片822旋转。接片822还能够电联接至换能器的电极,使得被供应至外部转子盘820的电力被传送至换能器的对应电极。本例的外部转子盘820能够电联接至内部定子组件850的内部定子盘870,从而形成薄烤饼型滑环连接。
内部定子组件850包括具有多个狭槽862的内部芯轴860,所述多个狭槽用于容纳来自多个内部定子盘870的向内延伸的接片872。内部芯轴860还能够容纳缆线(诸如缆线30),使得缆线的导线电联接至延伸至内部芯轴860中的接片872。在本例中,内部定子盘870通过使接片872插入狭槽862中而以机械方式联接至内部芯轴860。因此,如果内部芯轴860以旋转方式固定,诸如固定到柄部组件60和/或缆线30,则内部定子盘870同样以旋转方式固定。因此,外部转子组件800(以及因此换能器)能够相对于内部定子组件850旋转,而内部定子组件850并不旋转。
本例的内部定子盘870包括导电盘,所述导电盘围绕内部芯轴设置并能够电联接至外部转子盘820以形成薄烤饼型滑环组件。在本例中,多个绝缘环形垫片880位于每一薄烤饼型滑环组件之间。如图13所示,最远侧的环形垫片880邻接外部外壳810的远侧壁818,并且最近侧的环形垫片880邻接波形弹簧890。波形弹簧890通过外部外壳810的近端壁814抵靠最近侧的环形垫片880进行固定。在本例中,固定夹892通过内部芯轴860的一部分中所形成的环形通道864联接至内部芯轴860,所述环形通道在近端壁814的近侧延伸。因此,固定夹892通过将外部壳体810“夹置”在换能器的近端与固定夹892之间而防止外部壳体810的近端壁814的近侧平移。因此,当波形弹簧890的近端通过近端壁814固定时,波形弹簧890的远端将内部定子盘870、外部转子盘820和环形垫片880压缩在一起并将它们压靠在外部壳体810的远侧壁818上。这种压缩可进一步确保内部定子盘870与外部转子盘820电联接。在一些型式中,内部定子盘870和/或外部转子盘820还可包括隆脊或凸起以进一步确保内部定子盘870与外部转子盘820的电联接。
在本例中,当通过缆线和接片872供应电力时,内部定子盘870将电力传送至外部转子盘820。电力进一步从外部转子盘820传送至换能器的电极。因此,甚至当使用者旋转换能器(以及因此外部转子组件800)时,电力在旋转期间也连续地从缆线供应至换能器的电极。根据本文的教导内容,用于外部转子组件800和内部定子组件850的其他适宜的构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
iii.示例性螺纹缆线连接器组件
图14-15示出了包括缆线末端910的示例性螺纹连接器组件900,所述缆线末端能够螺合至构件952中所形成的互补螺纹凹口960中,所述构件联接至换能器950的近端。本例的缆线末端910包括螺纹末端920以及从缆线末端910朝远侧延伸的多条导线930。导线930电联接至换能器950的电极(未示出)。因此,通过缆线末端910所供应的电力通过导线930传送至换能器950的电极。在本例中,导线930还能够具有某一长度,使得在导线930保持联接至换能器950的电极的同时,缆线末端910的螺纹末端920可从螺纹凹口960基本上松脱。在图15所示的例子中,缆线末端910还包括凸缘912,所述凸缘能够插入柄部组件(未示出)的狭槽(未示出)。因此,当换能器950在柄部组件内旋转时,缆线末端910通过凸缘912以旋转形式固定在狭槽内,并且同时允许缆线末端910响应于缆线末端910螺合至螺纹凹口960中或从螺纹凹口960中旋出而朝近侧或朝远侧平移。
在图14所示的例子中,导线930还能够使得当缆线末端910螺合至螺纹凹口960的中点时,导线930基本上为未缠绕的。因此,当换能器950沿第一方向旋转时,缆线末端910朝螺纹凹口960的最远侧位置螺合至螺纹凹口960中且导线930缠绕预定数量的圈。当换能器950沿与第一方向相对的第二方向旋转时,缆线末端910朝螺纹凹口960的最近侧位置从螺纹凹口960松脱且导线930沿相对的方向缠绕预定数量的圈。在螺纹凹口960的近端处的中止螺纹(未示出)防止缆线末端910与螺纹凹口960分离,但这仅为任选的。
当使用者初始地期望使用具有螺纹连接器组件900的外科器械时,使用者初始地旋转换能器950,直到缆线末端910螺合至螺纹凹口960的中点或零点。因此,在外科手术期间,使用者可旋转换能器950预定转,直到缆线末端910的螺纹末端920完全螺合至螺纹凹口960中或直到螺纹末端920遇到螺纹凹口960的近端处的中止螺纹。应当理解,预定转数是由位于螺纹末端910上及位于螺纹凹口960中的螺纹数目决定。仅以举例的方式,图14所示的螺纹凹口960包括10个螺纹,使得换能器950可沿第一方向从零点旋转5转并沿相对的方向旋转5转。当然,可提供任意数目的螺纹。此外,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,螺纹连接器组件900可具有其他构型。
F.示例性滚珠电联接组件
图16示出了具有滚珠1050的示例性供选择的换能器1000,所述滚珠用于将换能器1000电联接至壳体1060(其一部分已被省略以示出滚珠1050)中的导线1090。本例的换能器1000包括多个压电元件1010,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器1012与第二共振器1014之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件1010可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。多个电极1020设置在相邻压电元件1010之间。在本例中,电桥(未示出)电联接交替的电极1020。电桥可进一步包括绝缘材料以防止电桥与交替的电极1020和/或其他元件之间意外电联接。应当理解,本例的电桥仅为示例性的,并且电极1020可通过任何其他电性连接器电联接,这根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。仅为示例性供选择的电性连接器可包括换能器的壳体中所形成的导电迹线(诸如印刷计算机板或PCB的那些导电迹线)。重新参见本例,当电极1020联接至电源时,通过电桥在所述多个压电元件1010的两端上施加电势。所述多个压电元件1010的两端上的电势使所述多个压电元件1010将电力转换成超声振动。这种超声振动通过波导1002朝远侧传播。波导1002可联接至端部执行器的刀片(诸如端部执行器80的刀片82),使得刀片的超声振荡可同时切断组织并使相邻组织细胞中的蛋白质变性,从而提供具有相对较小热扩散的凝结效果。
在本例中,换能器1000还包括第一下部环形槽1030和第二下部环形槽1040。下部环形槽1030,1040能够在其中容纳滚珠1050。电极1020的一部分暴露在每一下部槽1030,1040内,使得滚珠1050接触并电联接至相应的电极1020。在一些型式中,导体(未示出)可电联接至每一电极1020并布置在对应的下部槽1030,1040内以进一步有助于滚珠1050电联接至电极1020。滚珠1050通过具有互补的上部环形槽1070,1080的环形壳体1060固定在下部槽1030,1040内。导线1090穿过壳体1060,使得每一导线1090的末端均暴露在对应的上部槽1070,1080内以电联接至滚珠1050。在一些型式中,导体(未示出)可电联接至每一导线1090并布置在对应的上部槽1070,1080内。因此,当电源联接至导线1090时,滚珠1050将电力传送至电极1020,从而将电力提供至换能器1000。如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,换能器1000能够相对于壳体1060旋转,并且同时电力仍通过滚珠1050被供应至换能器1000。在一些型式中,导电润滑剂可添加到槽1030,1040,1070,1080以增强滚珠1050与电极1020和导线1090的电联接。根据本文的教导内容,用于具有滚珠1050的换能器1000的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
图17显示具有滚珠1150的换能器1100的一个仅为示例性供选择的构型。在这种构型中,下部槽1130,1140形成于换能器1100的外表面上且一对导线1122从电极1120延伸至下部槽1130,1140中。在本例中,绝缘体1148设置在每一轴承组件之间以使轴承组件彼此电性隔离。本例的壳体1160将滚珠1150保持在槽1130,1140内,并且可根据上述壳体1060的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。一对导线1190通过壳体1160中所形成的上部槽1170,1180电联接至滚珠1150。因此,当电源联接至导线1190时,电力通过滚珠1150被传送至电极1120。因此,换能器1100能够相对于壳体1160旋转,并且同时仍维持与电源的电性连接。
图18示出了具有滚珠1250的换能器1200的另一示例性供选择的构型,所述滚珠电联接至电极1220。本例的换能器1200是以与上述换能器1000基本上相同的方式进行构造。换能器1200包括一对环形下部槽1230,1240,在所述下部槽中具有暴露出的电极1220。在本例中,壳体1260包括具有一对凹口1262的环形构件,所述凹口形成于壳体1260的相对侧上。在图18所示的例子中,凹口1262包括一对弹性弹簧1264,所述弹性弹簧能够将滚珠1250推进槽1230,1240。导线1270联接至弹簧1264,使得当电源联接至导线1270时,弹簧1264和滚珠1250将电力传送至电极1220,从而将电力提供至换能器1200。如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,换能器1200能够相对于壳体1260旋转,并且同时电力仍通过滚珠1250被供应至换能器1200。在一些型式中,导电润滑剂可添加到槽1230,1240以增强滚珠1250与电极1220和导线1270的电联接。
当然,根据本文的教导内容,换能器1200的其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,在一些型式中,可使用弹性偏置弹簧针来代替滚珠1250。此外,可省略槽1230,1240,并且导体或柔性电路可联接至换能器1200的外部,使得弹性针接合并电联接至导体或柔性电路。
G.示例性鼓滑环电联接组件
在一些型式中,在换能器100的远端附近诸如在换能器100的角状部分处提供电联接组件是优选的。例如,位于换能器100的远端上的电联接组件可允许缩短柄部组件的长度,从而减小外科器械的总体尺寸和体积。此外,在换能器100的远端处或附近包括电联接组件可为附接在换能器100的近端处的缆线30提供平衡重,从而为外科器械提供附加的纵向平衡。因此,现在将更详细地说明设置在换能器100的远侧部分附近的各种环形组件。
i.具有管套环帽的示例性鼓滑环组件
图19示出了电联接至鼓1350的示例性换能器1300,所述鼓设置在换能器1300的远侧部分附近。本例的换能器1300包括多个压电元件1310,所述压电元件被压缩在第一共振器1312与第二共振器1314之间以形成压电元件的叠堆。压电元件1310可由任何合适的材料制成,例如锆钛酸铅、偏铌酸铅、钛酸铅、和/或任何合适的压电晶体材料。多个电极1320设置在相邻压电元件1310之间,使得可在其之间所容纳的压电元件1310的两端上施加电压梯度。因此,当在压电元件1310的两端上施加电压梯度时,压电元件1310将电能转换成振荡机械能。在本例中,所述多个电极1320通过导线1322联接至鼓1350。
管套环帽1330联接至换能器1300的远侧部分并能够使得当换能器1300旋转时,管套环帽1330也会旋转。仅以举例的方式,管套环帽1330可通过螺合、粘接剂、固定螺钉、整体形成、和/或其他方式联接至换能器1300。一对圆柱形轨道1332从管套环帽1330朝近侧延伸,并且轨道1332能够联接至鼓1350并在其上面承载鼓1350。因此,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,当换能器1300和管套环帽1330旋转时,鼓1350也会通过轨道1332旋转。在所示的组件中,轨道1332插入鼓1350中所形成的孔(未示出)。在本例中,轨道1332和鼓1350的尺寸和构型使得鼓1350不接触换能器1300,而鼓1350仍与换能器1300一起旋转。应当理解,这仅为任选的,并且在其他构型中,鼓1350可接触或联接至换能器1300。还应当理解,管套环帽1330和/或其他可旋转的元件可由轴承等支撑在柄部组件60中。
鼓1350包括可旋转的管状构件,所述管状构件具有位于第一周边表面1354上的第一环形导电部分1352以及位于第二周边表面1358上的第二环形导电部分1356。本例的鼓1350包括塑性主体,但也可使用其他材料,包括金属、复合物、绝缘金属、陶瓷等。在本例中,导电部分1352,1356是利用模制互连装置(“MID”)技术与鼓1350一起制成。在一些型式中,导电部分1352,1356可通过拉动导电材料片以形成连续表面来形成,或者在其他型式中,可缠绕导电材料带以形成导电材料环。应当理解,环形导电部分1352,1356仅为示例性的,并且任何其他圆柱形或基本上圆柱形导电构件均可设置在周边表面1354,1358的周围。例如,在一些型式中,弹性片簧(诸如铍铜片簧)可设置在鼓1350的周围。此外,尽管导电部分1352,1356被显示成位于鼓1350的外部上,然而应当理解,导电部分1352,1356可形成于鼓1350的任何表面或表面组合上。仅以举例的方式,导电部分1352,1356可形成于鼓1350的远侧面上、鼓1350的近侧面上、鼓1350的内表面上、鼓1350的外表面上、凸起环面1360的远侧面上、凸起环面1360的近侧面上、凸起环面1360的外表面上、和/或鼓1350的任何其他表面或表面组合上。因此,基于径向和/或轴向限制,根据本文的教导内容,本领域的普通技术人员可轻易地确定导电部分1352,1356的定位。此外,应当理解,在凸起环面上包括导电部分1352,1356,使得滑环组件具有偏移和/或不同的直径。在一些型式中,鼓1350可包括锥形中心镗孔,使得中心镗孔的内表面适形于锥形换能器1300的轮廓。根据本文的教导内容,上面具有导电材料的鼓1350的另一些其他适宜构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言是显而易见的。
凸起环面1360将第一周边表面1354与第二周边表面1358分开。凸起环面1360能够插入壳体1360中的凹口1362。在一些型式中,密封件(未示出)可设置在凹口1362中或凸起环面1360上。因此,第一周边表面1354和第一环形导电部分1352可与第二周边表面1358和第二环形导电部分1356电性和物理隔离。本例的第一环形导电部分1352通过第一导线1322电联接至第一组电极1320,并且第二环形导电部分1356通过第二导线1322联接至第二组电极1320。
如上所述的环形壳体1370围绕鼓1350设置并联接至柄部组件(未示出),以防止壳体1370相对于鼓1350旋转。壳体1370包括一对弹簧针1380,所述弹簧针能够接合并电联接至环形导电部分1352,1356。一对导线1382延伸至壳体1370中并将弹簧针1380电联接至电源(例如发生器20等)。因此,当弹簧针1380接合环形导电部分1352,1356且电源联接至导线1382时,电力通过环形导电部分1352,1356和导线1322被传送至换能器1300。当使用者旋转换能器1300时,鼓1350也通过管套环帽1330的轨道1332旋转。当鼓1350旋转时,弹簧针1380连续地接合并电联接至环形导电部分1352,1356,从而甚至当换能器1300围绕纵向轴线旋转过360度时也能继续将电力提供至换能器1300。
根据本文的教导内容,鼓1350和/或换能器1300的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,可省略弹簧针1380,并且壳体1370可包括具有导电部分的模制互连装置(“MID”),所述导电部分能够接合并电联接至环形导电部分1352,1356,从而将电源电联接至换能器1300。在另一选择中,可完全省略壳体1370,并且MID元件可整合到柄部组件(诸如上述柄部组件60)的表面中。作为另外一种选择,柄部组件可包括具有导电尖端的一个或多个弹性偏置臂。本例的弹性偏置臂能够使导电尖端与环形导电部分1352,1356电联接。
ii.示例性供选择的鼓和导电部分
图20-24显示仅为示例性供选择的鼓和用于这种鼓的导电表面。例如,图20示出了具有铲形连接器1410的供选择的鼓1400,所述连接器能够电联接至卷曲触点1412。在所示的例子中,铲形连接器1410分别电联接至鼓1400的相应导电环1402,1404。因此,当鼓1400用于可旋转的电联接组件(诸如图19所示的)中时,铲形连接器1410允许鼓1400通过卷曲触点1412快速地电联接至换能器的电极或与换能器的电极脱离。在一些型式中,这可允许使用者替换换能器或压电叠堆而无需使鼓1400与可旋转的电联接组件分离。图21显示仅为示例性的一组电极1420,其在每一组电极1420的末端处包括卷曲触点1412。本例的电极1420是与换能器(诸如上述换能器100,300)的压电元件交替地堆叠。一旦压电叠堆被组装,卷曲触点1412便朝远侧延伸并能够操作以通过铲形连接器1410电联接至鼓1400。
图22示出了供选择的鼓1430,其中鼓1430的导电部分1440整合到一组电极(诸如图21所示的那些电极)的末端中。本例的鼓1430可根据上述鼓1350的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。在此例子中,鼓1430还包括栓1432。导电部分1440包括具有一对接片的细长导电带,所述接片所具有的孔1442,1444能够容纳栓1432。在本例中,导电部分1440被显示为扁平构件,所述扁平构件可在附接至鼓1430时弯曲。因此,这可使得导电部分1440能够由扁平导电材料剪切出或冲压成型,然后联接至所述一组电极的末端。当导电部分1440欲被附接至鼓1430时,首先将第一孔1442附接至栓1432。然后,将导电部分1440缠绕在鼓1430上,直到第二孔1444附接至栓1432。当然,应当理解,可首先附接第二孔1444,其次附接第一孔1442。在一些型式中,可应用粘接剂以进一步将导电部分1440固定至鼓1430。在其他型式中,栓1432可包括扩张部分(未示出)以进一步将导电部分1440固定至鼓1430。根据本文的教导内容,鼓1430和/或导电部分1440的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
图23示出了供选择的鼓1450,其中鼓1450的导电部分1460整合到一组电极(诸如图21所示的那些电极)的末端中。本例的鼓1450可根据上述鼓1350的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。在此例子中,鼓1450还包括形成于凸起环面1452中的多个狭槽1454。导电部分1460包括具有多个可插入的接片1462的细长导电带,所述接片能够插入狭槽1454中。在本例中,导电部分1460被显示为扁平构件,所述扁平构件可在附接至鼓1450时弯曲。因此,这可使得导电部分1460能够由扁平导电材料剪切出或冲压成型,然后联接至所述一组电极的末端。当导电部分1460欲被附接至鼓1450时,导电部分1460缠绕在鼓1450上且接片1462插入狭槽1454中。在一些型式中,可应用粘接剂以进一步将导电部分1460固定至鼓1450。根据本文的教导内容,鼓1450和/或导电部分1460的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
图24示出了另一供选择的鼓1470,其中鼓1470的导电部分1480整合到一组电极(诸如图21所示的那些电极)的末端中。本例的鼓1470可根据上述鼓1350的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。在此例子中,鼓1470还包括形成于鼓1470的远侧面中的一对弧形狭槽1472。导电部分1480包括具有末端1482的细长导电带。在本例中,导电部分1480被显示为扁平构件,所述扁平构件可在附接至鼓1470时弯曲。因此,这可使得导电部分1480能够由扁平导电材料剪切出或冲压成型,然后联接至所述一组电极的末端。当导电部分1480欲被附接至鼓1470时,导电部分1480缠绕在鼓1470上且末端1482插入弓形狭槽1472中。在一些型式中,可应用粘接剂以进一步将导电部分1480固定至鼓1470。根据本文的教导内容,鼓1470和/或导电部分1480的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
尽管以上例子说明了每一鼓的单一导电部分,然而应当理解,以上供选择的鼓可具有附接至鼓的远端和近端二者的导电部分。此外,以上示例性鼓能够具有位于鼓的远端上的第一导电部分以及位于鼓的近端上的第二不同导电部分。此外,应当理解,以上供选择的鼓和导电部分可整合到本文所述的任一所列举的示例性可旋转的电联接组件中。
iii.示例性供选择的鼓滑环组件
图25-27显示一个仅为示例性供选择的鼓滑环组件。首先参见图25,柄部组件1500包括设置在其中的换能器1550。本例的柄部组件1500可根据柄部组件60的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。换能器1550可根据本文所述的换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。在本例中,图26-27所示的鼓1520包括圆柱形构件,所述圆柱形构件能够容纳第一周边表面1524上的第一环形滑环1522以及第二周边表面1528上的第二环形滑环1526。本例的鼓1520也相对于换能器1500固定,使得换能器1500的旋转也会使鼓1520旋转,反之亦然。鼓1520可进一步根据上述鼓1350的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。
壳体1560围绕鼓1520设置,并且在本例中,壳体1560包括能够围绕鼓1520联接在一起的上半部1562和下半部1564。在图26-27所示的例子中,上半部与下半部1562,1464通过摩擦配合的插针和凹口而联接在一起。上半部1562进一步包括一对孔,电刷(未示出)可穿过所述孔以电联接至滑环1522,1526。当然,应当理解,在一些型式中,壳体1560可在上半部1562和/或下半部1564的内部上包括导体以与滑环1522,1526一起形成电性滑环组件。在本例中,壳体1560还包括从壳体1560的相对侧向外延伸的一对栓1566。栓1566能够插入形成于柄部组件1500中的纵向狭槽(未示出)中,使得壳体1560以旋转方式固定在柄部组件1500中,并且同时仍允许壳体1560通过被插入狭槽中的栓1566纵向平移。因此,当鼓1520围绕换能器1550设置且壳体1560围绕鼓1520设置时,则允许壳体1560通过柄部组件1500的狭槽中的栓1566而与柄部组件1500中的鼓1520和换能器1550一起平移。此外,应当理解,由于栓1566阻止壳体1560旋转,因而当换能器1550旋转时,壳体1560不旋转。因此,当电刷和/或导体联接至电源并电联接至鼓1520的滑环1522,1526时,由壳体1560和鼓1520形成的滑环组件甚至在换能器1550旋转过360度时也允许换能器1550保持电联接至电源。根据本文的教导内容,鼓1520、换能器1550和/或壳体1560的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
iv.示例性供选择的旋转电联接组件
图28显示另一示例性供选择的鼓滑环组件,所述鼓滑环组件包括鼓1600以及具有偏置接触带1660的外壳1630。本例的鼓1600围绕换能器1602的一部分设置,并且鼓1600包括主体部分1610、凸起环面1612以及一对导电部分1620,所述导电部分围绕主体部分1610的近端和远端设置。鼓1600可进一步根据鼓1350,1410,1430,1450,1470,1520的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。本例的外壳1630包括主要部分1640以及铰链部分1650。主要部分1640为U型构件,其能够围绕鼓1600局部地配合。通道1644形成于主要部分1640中。通道1644能够当鼓1600被插入主要部分1640中时容纳并纵向保留凸起环面1612。主要部分1640进一步包括两个保留构件1642,所述保留构件能够保留偏置接触带1660的部分。偏置接触带1660包括具有多个弓形接触部分1662的导电带。在本例中,接触部分1662能够当偏置接触带1660通过保留构件1642联接至主要部分1640时朝鼓1600向内偏置。在一些型式中,主要部分1640整合到柄部组件诸如上述柄部组件60。在其他型式中,主要部分1640可通过从主要部分1640的外表面延伸的栓或凸缘相对于柄部组件纵向平移。根据本文的教导内容,主要部分1640和/或偏置接触带1660的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
铰链部分1650能够从打开位置枢转到闭合位置,在所述打开位置鼓1600可被装载到主要部分1640中,在所述闭合位置铰链部分1650压缩鼓1600以使其与接触部分1662接合。铰链部分1650和/或主要部分1640可任选地包括保持结构(例如闩锁、夹子、夹钳等)以将铰链部分1650锁定在闭合位置。本例的铰链部分1650包括弧形凹口1652,所述凹口适形于鼓1600的曲率的一部分,但这仅为任选的。在图28所示的例子中,铰链部分1650被显示位于闭合位置,由此压缩鼓1600的导电部分1620并使所述导电部分与偏置接触带1660的接触部分1662电联接。因此,甚至当鼓1600旋转过360度时,鼓1600与偏置接触带1660也保持电联接。在一些其他型式中,鼓1600可从鼓1600的远端和/或从鼓1600的近端装载,使得鼓1600沿纵向路径插入外壳1630中。鼓1600和/或外壳1630可包括斜切的边缘以有利于这种插入。根据本文的教导内容,鼓1600、主要部分1640和/或铰链部分1650的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
v.示例性供选择的旋转电联接组件
图29显示另一示例性供选择的鼓滑环组件,其包括内部鼓1700、外环1710、螺纹管套环1720、以及壳体1730。在本例中,内部鼓1700为具有导电触点1702的管状构件,所述导电触点通过一对换能器导线1752电联接至换能器1750。本例的换能器1750可根据换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。换能器1750与波导1751和谐波刀(未示出)连通,波导1751和谐波刀一起形成声学组件。声学组件是由旋转旋钮1721支撑,所述旋转旋钮可旋转地联接至壳体1730。内部鼓1700也由旋转旋钮1721支撑。内部鼓1700能够将导电触点1702电联接至外环1710上的互补触点1712,如下文更详细论述。在一些型式中,内部鼓1700可省略触点1702,而相反具有与互补触点1712接合并电联接的扁平表面。根据本文的教导内容,内部鼓1700的其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在本例中,螺纹管套环1720在螺纹管套环1720的远端处联接至壳体1730并在螺纹管套环1720的近端处联接至内部鼓1700。在所示的例子中,螺纹管套环1720的管状部分1722能够插入内部鼓1700的内径中,使得内部鼓1700由管状部分1722承载。管状部分1722还在管状部分1722的外表面上包括键合部分1724(以虚线显示)。键合部分1724能够插入形成于内部鼓1700中的键槽中,使得螺纹管套环1720能够操作以旋转内部鼓1700。在一些型式中,内部鼓1700能够在管状部分1722上平移,并且同时仍通过键合部分1724以旋转方式联接至螺纹管套环1720。在其他型式中,内部鼓1700可与螺纹管套环1720整体地形成或以物理方式联接至螺纹管套环1720(例如用粘结方法附接、用针别住、用夹子夹住、用螺栓紧固等)。在这些型式中,可省略管状部分1722和键合部分1724。螺纹管套环1720可进一步根据上述管套环帽1330;美国专利公布2006/0079874的套环93;美国专利公布2007/0282333的管套环98的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。
本例的外环1710安装至壳体1730并能够与内部鼓1700一起形成滑环组件。如图29所示,外环1710包括一对互补触点1712,所述互补触点能够使外环1710与内部鼓1700接合并电联接。当然,应当理解,可省略外环1710,并且一对点式触点可安装至壳体1730以电联接至内部鼓1700。在本例中,外环1710通过导线电联接至电源(未示出)。因此,当外环1710与内部鼓1700电联接时,换能器1750能够相对于壳体1730旋转,并同时仍维持来自电源的电力且不会在壳体1730内缠绕任何导线。根据本文的教导内容,内部鼓1700、外环1710和/或供选择的鼓滑环组件的其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。在一些型式中,内部鼓1700和/或外环1710可被制造成MID元件。
应当理解,先前鼓滑环组件中的一种或多者的各方面可容易地与本文所述的任一其他鼓滑环组件的各方面相组合。还应当理解,上述鼓滑环组件可容易地与本文的任何其他教导内容相组合。
H.用于换能器的示例性的模制互连装置电联接组件
在一些情况下,减少用于将换能器100电联接至电源的元件的数目是优选的。例如,在一些布置方式中,鼓组件的电刷可整合到柄部组件60的一部分中。除此之外或作为另外一种选择,将导电路径整合到鼓中是有益的。在另一些其他情况下,将导电路径整合到电联接至鼓的电刷单元中是优选的。因此,在本文中将说明使用模制互连装置的电联接组件的各种构型。
图30示出了其中设有换能器1850的示例性柄部组件1800。柄部组件1800和换能器1850可根据上述柄部组件60和/或换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。在本例中,柄部组件1800包括壳体1810,在壳体1810中形成有多个导电迹线1820。导电迹线1820可通过化学蚀刻、导电油墨(作为模制互连装置的一部分)印刷、和/或以其他方式形成。本例的导电迹线1820电联接至电缆导线1830、一个或多个开关(未示出)、第一电刷引线1840以及第二电刷引线1842。如图30所示,电刷引线1840,1842整体地联接至壳体1810并具有导电部分,所述导电部分能够使电缆导线1830中的一者或多者与鼓1860的对应导电部分1862,1864电联接。
本例的鼓1860包括围绕换能器1850的远侧部分设置的圆柱形构件,并包括围绕鼓1860的圆周设置的一对导电部分1862,1864。在所示的例子中,第一电刷引线1840电联接至鼓1860的第一导电部分1862,而第二电刷引线1842电联接至鼓1860的第二导电部分1864。在一些型式中,鼓1860为模制互连装置,其具有整体地成形在鼓1860上的导电部分1862,1864。导电部分1862,1864通过换能器导线1854进一步电联接至换能器1850的对应电极1852。本例的换能器1850和电极1852可根据上述换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。
当电源(例如发生器20等)联接至电缆导线1830时,电力通过由电刷引线1840,1842和鼓1860形成的电联接组件被传送至换能器1850。因此,甚至当换能器1850(以及因此鼓1860)旋转时,电刷引线1840,1842也保持电联接至导电部分1862,1864,从而甚至在换能器1850旋转过360度时也能维持与换能器1850的电性连接。
根据本文的教导内容,电刷引线1840,1842、鼓1860和/或柄部组件1800的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,在一些型式中,鼓1860和电刷引线1840,1842无需一定容纳在柄部组件1800内。相反,鼓1860和电刷引线1840,1842可容纳在换能器1850的壳体内且当换能器1850被插入柄部组件1800中时,电刷引线1840,1842可选择性地联接至电源。换能器1850的一个仅为示例性的选择性联接组件可包括联接至换能器1850的远端的前锥体。这种前锥体的一个仅为示例性的构造是参照美国专利公布No.2006/0079874的图8B进行显示及说明,该专利公布的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。除此之外或作为另外一种选择,可省略电刷引线1840,1842,并且可在壳体1810中形成MID导电通道。在这种构型中,可省略导电环1862,1864,并且可在鼓1860上提供一对导电盘(诸如盘710,760,820,870)以将换能器1850电联接至形成于壳体1810中的导电通道。
图31示出了可选择性地联接至柄部组件1800的示例性供选择的电刷组件1900。本例的电刷组件1900包括主体构件1910和一对弹性偏置臂1920。在本例中,臂1920包括在触点1924中端接的导电迹线1922,所述触点能够电联接至鼓(诸如鼓1860)的导电部分。本例的电刷组件1900包括模制互连装置。在一些型式中,一对导线(未示出)可联接至导电迹线,使得电刷组件1900可联接至缆线(诸如缆线30)。作为另外一种选择,导电迹线1922的一部分可暴露于主体构件1910的一部分上,使得当电刷组件1900联接至柄部组件1800时,电刷组件1900电联接至柄部组件1800上的所暴露出的电性触点。根据本文的教导内容,电刷组件1900的其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在一些型式中,图32所示的定子鼓2000能够电联接至鼓1860以形成滑环组件。除此之外或作为另外一种选择,定子鼓2000可电联接至弹性偏置臂或电刷。本例的定子鼓2000包括通过两个半部2010,2020的联接而形成的模制互连装置,所述两个半部能够摩擦配合在一起。每一半部2010,2020包括塑性主体、第一滑环2030的一半以及第二滑环2040的一半。当半部2010,2020联接在一起时,第一滑环2030和第二滑环2040在鼓2000的内表面上形成一对连续的暴露的滑环。每一半部2010,2020还包括与滑环2030,2040相交的一对纵向狭槽2050。纵向狭槽2050能够分别在其中容纳导线(未示出),使得导线将滑环2030,2040与电源(例如发生器20等)电联接。因此,当半部2010,2020围绕鼓1860被按压在一起时,滑环2030,2040电联接至鼓1860,从而将电力提供至换能器1850并同时仍允许换能器1850相对于定子鼓2000旋转。定子鼓2000在定子鼓2000的相对外部上还包括一对扁平部分2002,使得当扁平部分2002邻接表面时阻止定子鼓2000旋转。例如,扁平部分2002可邻接柄部组件1800的内部,从而防止定子鼓2000旋转并同时允许鼓1860在其中自由旋转。扁平部分2002可仍允许定子鼓2000在柄部组件1800内平移。根据本文的教导内容,定子鼓2000的另一些其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
当然,换能器和/或柄部组件的其他元件也可为模制互连装置。例如,如上所述,用于将换能器选择性地电联接至柄部组件的前锥体可被形成为MID元件。
I.示例性的印刷电路板电联接组件
在某些情况下,由具成本效益的材料构造用于将换能器100电联接至电源的电联接组件是有益的。仅为示例性的具成本效益的材料可包括具有导电迹线的印刷电路板(“PCB”),所述导电迹线可电联接至模压电刷。在下文中将更详细地说明其中PCB可用于构造电联接组件的方式的各种例子,而根据本文的教导内容,其他例子对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
i.具有模压电刷触点的示例性的PCB电联接组件
图33-36显示一个仅为示例性的PCB电联接组件2100。PCB电联接组件2100包括可旋转的PC板2110(参见图34)、旋转鼓2120(参见图33)、传送壳体2150(参见图35)、以及一对模压电刷触点2170(参见图36)。在图36所示的例子中,示例性换能器2190被显示为通过一对导线2192电联接至PCB电联接组件2100。换能器2190可根据上述换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。首先参见图34,本例的PC板2110包括基本上扁平的盘,所述盘在PC板2110的两侧上具有导电迹线2112。应当理解,多条导电迹线2112可共轴地形成于PC板2112的单一侧上或者仅单一导电迹线2112可设置在PC板2110的一侧上。导电迹线2112可通过化学蚀刻、导电油墨(作为模制互连装置的一部分)印刷、和/或以其他方式形成于PC板2110上。本例的导电迹线2112包括由导电材料(例如金、铜等)形成的圆形路径,使得甚至当PC板2110旋转过360度时,电刷触点2170(示于图35-36中)也能够操作以电联接至导电迹线2112。在所示的例子中,导电迹线2112还包括联接点2114,导线2192可焊接、用针别到、和/或以其他方式电联接至导电迹线2112的所述联接点。导线2192然后电联接至换能器2190的一个或多个电极(未示出)。因此,如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,甚至当换能器2190和PC板2110相对于电刷触点2170旋转时,PC板2110也能够操作以将电力从电刷触点2170传送至换能器2190。
PC板2110还包括具有一对键槽2118的中心孔2116。中心孔2116和键槽2118的尺寸和构型使得其容纳图33所示的旋转鼓2120的中心构件2122。旋转鼓2120的中心构件2122包括中空的圆柱形构件,所述圆柱形构件能够套设在换能器2190的远侧部分上。例如,在图36所示的例子中,中心构件2122围绕换能器2190的第一共振器设置,但这仅为任选的。在其他型式中,中心构件2122可围绕换能器2190的压电元件设置。当然,中心构件2122无需一定围绕换能器2190的任一部分设置。在图33所示的例子中,中心构件2122包括从中心构件2122朝外延伸的键合部分2124。键合部分2124能够接合PC板2110的键槽2118,使得当中心构件2122被插入PC板2110的中心孔2116中时,旋转鼓2120旋转PC板2110。应当理解,当键合部分2124将PC板2110以旋转形式联接至旋转鼓2120的同时,允许PC板2110和/或旋转鼓2120相对于彼此纵向平移,其中键合部分2124仍接合键槽2118。因此,即使旋转鼓2120朝近侧或朝远侧致动(例如,如果旋转鼓2120联接至可平移的换能器),PC板2110也会通过键合部分2124和键槽2118保持可旋转。
本例的旋转鼓2120能够联接至换能器2190,使得换能器2190的旋转也会使旋转鼓2120旋转。在图36所示的布置方式中,旋转鼓2120包括凸缘2126,所述凸缘能够联接至套环组件2194,所述套环组件联接至换能器2190。套环组件2194可根据管套环帽1330;螺纹管套环1730;美国专利公布2006/0079874的套环93;美国专利公布2007/0282333的管套环98的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。本例的凸缘2126可以粘结方法或以机械方式(例如,针、螺合、闩锁等)联接至套环组件2194。因此,当换能器2190旋转时,旋转鼓2120也会旋转。根据本文的教导内容,用于将旋转鼓2120联接至换能器2190的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
现在参加图35-36,传送壳体2150能够将所组装的旋转鼓2120和PC板2110装入其中。在所示的例子中,传送壳体2150包括具有环形通道2152的两件式中空圆柱体,所述环形通道能够当传送壳体2150围绕旋转鼓2120和PC板2110组装时将PC板2110容纳并保留在所述环形通道中。本例的环形通道2152能够限制PC板2110相对于传送壳体2150的纵向运动。这种纵向限制可有益于确保电刷触点2170与导电迹线2112的适当电联接,如下文更详细所述。在其他型式中,弹性偏置构件(诸如弹簧)可设置在旋转鼓2120的凸缘2126与PC板2110的一部分之间,以抵靠一个或多个电刷触点2170在近侧方向上偏置PC板2110。根据本文的教导内容,另一些其他构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
传送壳体2150进一步包括开口2154,电刷触点2170可通过所述开口联接至缆线(未示出)的一条或多条导线(未示出),所述缆线能够将电力提供至换能器2190。本例的电刷触点2170包括模压构件,所述模压构件能够操作以使缆线与PC板2110的导电迹线2112接合并电联接。在本例中,电刷触点2170分别包括弹性臂2172、主体部分2174以及连接插片2176。弹性臂2172从主体部分2174延伸并远离主体部分2174偏置。如图36所示,当PCB电联接组件2100组装时,弹性臂2172碰触电刷触点2170并将电刷触点2170电联接至导电迹线2112。本例的主体部分2174能够联接至传送壳体2150的内部,使得电刷触点2170基本上固定到传送壳体2150。在所示的例子中,传送壳体2150的插片插入形成于主体部分2174中的孔中以将电刷触点2170固定到传送壳体2150。当然,可使用其他固定元件和/或方法来将电刷触点2170固定到传送壳体2150(例如搭锁、夹子、夹钳、螺钉、螺栓、整体形成、粘接剂等)。连接插片2176能够电联接至缆线的一条或多条导线。根据本文的教导内容,电刷触点2170的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。图37显示仅为示例性供选择的电刷触点2200,2202,2204,2206,2208。
本例的传送壳体2150还包括外部凸缘2156,但这仅为任选的。外部凸缘2156能够接合形成于柄部组件(诸如柄部组件60)中的狭槽(未示出),以防止传送壳体2150的旋转。因此,当缆线的导线联接至上述电刷触点2170时,防止传送壳体2150旋转可防止缆线的导线缠绕。应当理解,外部凸缘2156并不限制传送壳体2150相对于柄部组件平移。因此,在一些型式中,PCB电联接组件2100可整合到换能器组件中,所述换能器组件可通过使外部凸缘2156与形成于柄部组件中的狭槽接合而纵向插入柄部组件中。
当具有PCB电联接组件2100的外科器械使用时,甚至当使用者旋转换能器2190通过360度旋转时,换能器2190也保持电联接至缆线且缆线的导线也保持不缠绕。
应当理解,以上说明仅为PCB电联接组件2100的一个例子,并且根据本文的教导内容,其他各种构型和/或布置方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。例如,在一些型式中,仅使用单一电刷触点2170和导电迹线2112。作为另外一种选择,在一些型式中,电刷触点2170能够在各种位置电联接至PC板2110、传送壳体2150和/或旋转鼓2120。仅以举例的方式,电刷触点2170可电联接至位于旋转鼓2120的内表面上、位于旋转鼓2120的外表面上、位于PC板2110的近侧表面上、位于PC板2110的远侧表面上、和/或位于传送壳体2150的外表面上的导电部分。此外,在一些型式中,电刷触点2170可利用MID技术来制造。还应当理解,前述PCB电联接组件2100可结合本文所述的电联接组件中的一者或多者使用。例如,PCB电联接组件2100可将缆线的一条导线电联接至换能器2190,而图6的电缆插头450将第二导线联接至换能器2190的近端。在另一选择中,传送壳体2150可被整合到外科器械的柄部组件中。图38示出了传送壳体2150被整合到柄部组件2198中的这种仅为示例性的组件。
ii.具有波形弹簧的示例性PCB电联接组件
图39-41显示示例性供选择的PCB电联接组件2300。PCB电联接组件2300能够将缆线(未示出)电联接至换能器2310。在本例中,PCB电联接组件2300包括PC板2320、安装元件2330、外部壳体2340、一对波形弹簧2350、以及一对换能器导线2360。本例的PC板2320包括上面形成有导电迹线(未示出)的圆柱形盘。这种导电迹线可根据上述导电迹线2112的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造。本PC板2320的导电迹线分别具有联接点(类似于上述联接点2114),换能器导线2360电联接至所述联接点。在本例中,导电迹线和联接点形成于PC板2320的近侧和远侧二者上,但任一侧均可省略导电迹线和/或联接点。PC板2320还包括中心孔,所述中心孔能够将PC板2320联接至安装元件2330,如下文所述。PC板2320可进一步根据上述PC板2110或以如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的任何其他方式进行构造。
在本例中,安装元件2330的远端2338联接至换能器2310的远侧凸缘2312。在一些型式中,安装元件2330可包括能够抑制来自换能器2310(例如弹簧等)的振动的结构,但这仅为任选的。安装元件2330还包括弹性闩锁接片2332,所述弹性闩锁接片能够插入PC板2320的中心孔中,使得弹性闩锁接片2332将PC板2320基本上固定到安装元件2330。在一些型式中,闩锁接片2332可插入PC板2320的键槽(诸如上述键槽2118)中,使得PC板2320以旋转方式联接至安装元件2330。当然,应当理解,这仅为任选的,并且PC板2320能够相对于安装元件2330自由旋转。
一对波形弹簧2350(最佳地显示于图41中)设置在PC板2320的近侧和远侧二者上。在本例中,波形弹簧2350能够接合并电联接至PC板2320的导电迹线。因此,当电源联接至波形弹簧2350时,电力通过波形弹簧2350传送至PC板2320的导电迹线,最后通过换能器导线2360传送至换能器2310的电极。因此,甚至当换能器2310旋转时,波形弹簧2350继续电联接至PC板2320并将电力供应至换能器2310。
在本例中,波形弹簧2350通过外部壳体2340和可插入的环2348而抵靠PC板2320固定。本例的外部壳体2340包括基本上中空的圆柱形构件,所述圆柱形构件具有远侧内部凸缘2342(显示于图39中)以及一对弹性闩锁插片臂2344(显示于图40中)。插片臂2344能够允许可插入的环2348从外部壳体2340的近端卡扣到外部壳体2340中。因此,如图39所示,外部壳体2340和可插入的环2348合作地将波形弹簧2350保留在内部凸缘2342与可插入的环2348之间。在本例中,外部壳体2340的纵向尺寸使得当可插入的环2348联接至外部壳体2340时,波形弹簧2350被压靠在PC板2320上。如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的是,如果外部壳体2340联接至柄部组件(诸如柄部组件60),则波形弹簧2350可提供附加的阻尼效果以减少被传送至柄部组件的振动。此外,通过使用波形弹簧2350,外部壳体2340无需一定能够在柄部组件内平移。根据本文的教导内容,外部壳体2340的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
为组装PCB电联接组件2300,首先使安装元件2330与所有其他元件分离,并将所述安装元件用作起始元件。然后,在安装元件2330的近端上滑动外部壳体2340,直到外部壳体2340的内部凸缘2342邻接安装元件2330的远端2338。然后,也在安装元件2330的近端上插入滑动远侧波形弹簧2350,直到波形弹簧2350邻接内部凸缘2348的近侧表面。当外部壳体2340以及远侧波形弹簧2350如此定位时,接着通过闩锁接片2332将PC板2320联接至安装元件2330。然后,朝近侧拉动外部壳体2340和远侧波形弹簧2350,使得内部凸缘2348将远侧波形弹簧2350压靠在PC板2320上。接着,将近侧波形弹簧2350插入外部壳体2340中以邻接PC板2320的近侧。然后,通过插片臂2344将可插入的环2348卡扣到外部壳体2340中并固定到所述外部壳体。当PCB电联接组件2300基本上组装好时,接着在换能器2310的远端上滑动PCB电联接组件2300并将安装元件2330的近端2338固定到远侧凸缘2312。然后,可插入所组装的换能器2310和PCB电联接组件2300,并将其与外科器械一起使用。根据本文的教导内容,PCB电联接组件2300的其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
在一些型式中,PC板2110,2320可省略其相应的导电迹线且相反,扁平导电环可联接至PC板2110,2320。图42示出了仅为示例性的一组电极2400,所述电极在每一组电极2400的末端处包括扁平导电环2410。本例的电极2400是与换能器(诸如上述换能器100,300)的压电元件交替地堆叠。一旦压电叠堆被组装好,扁平导电环2410便朝远侧定位并能够操作以电联接至PC板2110,2320。应当理解,扁平导电环2410可与其他电联接组件一起使用。例如,多个扁平导电环2410可结合到图11-12所示的外部外壳组件700中或结合到图13所示的外部转子组件800中。
III.具有换能器的示例性一体式控制器
在一些情况下,将电子元件整合到可旋转的换能器100的壳体内是优选的。这种构型可仅需将电源(例如发生器20等)联接至壳体以使使用者能够操作换能器100。此外,通过使电子元件整合到换能器100的壳体内,可仅需单一温度传感器来监视换能器100的温度和电子元件。此外,通过将电子元件包括在换能器100的壳体内,由于敷设距离短且对灵活性的需求降低,因而可使用较粗的导线来用于电联接。这些较粗的导线可有助于减轻外科器械内所产生的热。
图43-44示出了换能器组件2500,其包括换能器2510、电路板2520、壳体2550、以及一对导电环2570。首先参见图44,换能器2510通过凸缘2512固定到壳体2550。仅以举例的方式,凸缘2512可以机械方式联接至壳体2550的远侧壁2552。例如,凸缘2512可通过螺合、夹子、搭锁、夹钳、螺钉、螺栓、粘接剂等固定。根据本文的教导内容,用于将凸缘2512附接至远侧壁2552的其他适宜方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。换能器2510和/或凸缘2512可进一步根据换能器100,300的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容和/或以其他方式进行构造。
在本例中,电路板2520包括联接至凸缘2512的刚性电路板,但这仅为任选的。在一些供选择的型式中,电路板2520可直接联接至壳体2550或换能器2510。在电路板2520固定到换能器2510的型式中,电路板2520可包括围绕换能器2510缠绕的圆柱形或柔性电路。本例的电路板2520通过导线2522电联接至换能器2510的电极,并通过导线2524电联接至导电环2570。在一些型式中,传感器2530可联接至电路板2520。在图44所示的例子中,传感器2530联接至壳体2550并能够测量传感器2510的温度和/或壳体2550内的温度。本例的传感器2530包括正温度系数(“PTC”)传感器,但应当理解,也可使用其他传感器,包括其他类型的温度传感器和/或不测量温度的传感器。如果传感器2530测量预定温度或超过预定阈值的温度,电路板2520和/或另一电子元件能够警示使用者(例如通过听觉、视觉和/或触觉反馈)或断开联接至换能器2510和/或电路板2520的电源。除此之外或作为另外一种选择,传感器2530和/或某一其他元件可响应于达到某一水平或超过预定阈值的温度而自动地将换能器2510和/或电路板2520与电源断开。
本例的壳体2550包括薄的外壳,所述外壳能够将换能器2510和电路板2520容纳在其中。在其中电路板2520包括柔性电路的情况下,壳体2550的尺寸可减小以基本上适形于换能器2510的尺寸和形状。如上所述,壳体2550在壳体2550的远侧壁2552处联接至换能器2510。壳体2550还包括近侧壁2554。重新参考图43,本例的近侧壁2554包括具有一对同轴导电环2570的圆形壁,所述导电环联接至近侧壁2554的近侧表面。导电环2570能够电联接至电源。仅以举例的方式,可使用弹簧针、导电滚珠、电刷、具有导电迹线的PC板、和/或其他导电环来将电源电联接至导电环2570。因此,换能器组件2500可旋转过360度而不会与电源分离。如先前所述,当电路板2520容纳在换能器组件2500内时,电源可仅包括联接至导电环2570的电池。在一些型式中,电池可联接至带并由使用者佩戴,从而进一步实现使用者和/或外科装置的移动性。作为另外一种选择,电池可整合到外科器械中。根据本文的教导内容,换能器组件2500的另一些其他合适构型对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。
对于前述例子,应当理解,柄部组件和/或端部执行器可以是可重复使用的、耐高压灭菌的和/或一次性的。例如,前述端部执行器可以是一次性的,而柄部组件是可重复使用的和/或耐高压灭菌的。此外,如果将内部电源与上述柄部组件一起使用,则内部电源可以是可充电的。例如,可通过移出电池和对电池再充电、通过感应、和/或通过如根据本文的教导内容对于本领域的普通技术人员而言显而易见的任何其他方法,利用再充电插头对柄部组件进行再充电。此外,可以包括对准结构或引导件,以帮助端部执行器与柄部组件的对准和联接。这样的引导件可能有助于在外科器械的组装期间防止对端部执行器和/或柄部组件的损坏。
尽管已描述出示例性外科器械的某些构型,但根据本文的教导内容,可构造外科器械的各种其他方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。仅以举例的方式,本文提及的外科器械可根据下述专利的教导内容中的至少一些教导内容进行构造:美国专利6,500,176;美国专利6,783,524;美国专利7,416,101;美国专利7,738,971;美国专利6,783,524;美国公布2006/0079874;美国公布2007/0191713;美国公布2007/0282333;美国公布2008/0200940;美国公布2009/0209990;美国公布2009/043797;美国公布2010/0069940;和/或美国临时申请序列号61/410,603,所述专利的公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
应当理解,所述以引用方式并入本文中的任何专利、出版物或其他公开材料,无论是全文或部分,仅在并入的材料与本公开中给出的定义、陈述或其他公开材料不冲突的范围内并入本文。由此,在必要的程度下,本文所明确阐述的公开内容将取代以引用方式并入本文的任何相冲突材料。如果据述以引用方式并入本文但与本文所述的现有定义、陈述或其他公开材料相冲突的任何材料或其部分,仅在所并入的材料和现有的公开材料之间不产生冲突的程度下并入本文。
应当理解,本文所述的教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等中的任何一个或多个可与本文所述的其他教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等中的任何一个或多个相结合。因此下述教导内容、表达方式、实施例、例子等不应视为彼此隔离。根据本文的教导内容,其中本文的教导内容可结合的各种合适方式对于本领域的普通技术人员而言将是显而易见的。这种修改形式和变化形式旨在包括在权利要求书的范围之内。
本发明的一些实施例可在传统的内窥镜检查和开放性手术器械以及机器人辅助手术中得到应用。例如,本领域的普通技术人员将认识到,本文的各种教导内容可易于与2004年8月31日公布的名称为“Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizingand Cutting Instrument”的美国专利6,783,524的各种教导内容相结合,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文。
仅以举例的方式,可对本文所述的实施例在外科手术前进行处理。首先,可获取新的或用过的器械,并根据需要进行清洗。然后可对器械进行消毒。在一种消毒技术中,将该器械置于闭合并密封的容器中,例如塑料或TYVEK袋中。然后可将容器和器械置于可穿透该容器的辐射场(例如γ辐射、X射线或高能电子)中。辐射可将器械上和容器中的细菌杀死。然后可将消毒后的器械储存在消毒容器中。该密封容器可将器械保持在无菌状态,直到在医疗设施中打开该容器。还可使用本领域已知的任何其他技术对装置消毒,所述技术包括但不限于β辐射或γ辐射、环氧乙烷或蒸汽消毒。
本文所公开的装置的实施例可在至少一次使用之后进行修复以供再使用。修复可包括以下步骤的任意组合:拆卸装置、然后清洗或更换特定部件和随后进行重新组装。具体地讲,可对本文所公开的装置的实施例进行拆卸,并且可选择性地、以任何组合更换或拆除装置的任意数量的具体部件或零件。在清洗和/或更换特定零件时,装置的实施例可在修复设施中重新组装或者在即将进行外科手术前由外科手术团队重新组装,以供随后使用。本领域的技术人员将会知道,修复装置时可利用多种技术进行拆卸、清洗/更换和重新组装。这些技术的使用以及所得的修复装置均在本发明的范围内。
已经示出和描述了本发明的多个实施例,可由本领域的普通技术人员进行适当修改来实现本文描述的方法和系统的进一步改进而不偏离本发明的范围。已经提及了若干此类潜在的修改形式,并且其他修改形式对于本领域的技术人员而言将显而易见。例如,上面讨论的例子、实施例、几何形状、材料、尺寸、比率、步骤等均是示例性的而非必需的。因此,本发明的范围应以下面的权利要求书考虑,并且应理解为不限于说明书和附图中示出和描述的结构和操作细节。

Claims (14)

1.一种外科器械,包括:
(a)主体部分;
(b)超声换能器;
(c)管套环,其中所述管套环能够与所述换能器一起旋转;和
(d)可旋转的电联接组件,其包括:
i.第一部件,所述第一部件具有第一导电部分,和
ii.第二部件,所述第二部件具有第二导电部分以及穿过所述第二部件形成的孔,
其中第二导电部分电联接至所述换能器,其中所述第一导电部分与所述第二导电部分电联接,其中所述第二部件能够与所述管套环一起旋转,并且其中所述第二部件能够相对于所述第一部件旋转;
其中,所述换能器的一部分穿过所述第二部件的孔插入,并且其中所述换能器穿过所述孔插入的部分不接触所述第二部件;以及
其中,所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第一部件包括附接至所述主体部分的一个或多个弹性偏置臂,并且其中所述一个或多个弹性偏置臂各自包括能够电联接至所述第二导电部分的触点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述第一导电部分包括弹簧针。
3.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述第一导电部分包括电刷触点。
4.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述第一导电部分包括滚珠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述换能器包括一个或多个电极,其中所述第二导电部分固定地联接至所述一个或多个电极中的电极,并且其中所述第二导电部分能够联接至所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第二部件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第一部件能够相对于所述主体部分纵向平移。
7.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第二部件能够相对于所述管套环纵向平移。
8.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述第一部件包括传送壳体,并且其中所述第二部件包括设置在所述传送壳体内的可旋转鼓。
9.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第一部件包括整体地成形在所述主体部分上的一个或多个导电通道。
10.根据权利要求9所述的外科器械,其中所述一个或多个导电通道包括MID元件。
11.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述一个或多个弹性偏置臂包括MID元件。
12.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述可旋转的电联接组件的所述第二部件包括可旋转鼓,其中所述第二导电部分包括导电迹线。
13.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,其中所述第二部件包括MID元件。
14.根据权利要求1所述的外科器械,还包括:
(a)传输组件,所述传输组件从所述主体部分朝远侧延伸;和
(b)端部执行器,所述端部执行器联接至所述传输组件的远端。
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CN103796600A (zh) 2014-05-14
US20120116261A1 (en) 2012-05-10
AU2011323284A1 (en) 2013-05-30
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