CN103774679B - A kind of method of rock slope linked network - Google Patents
A kind of method of rock slope linked network Download PDFInfo
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- CN103774679B CN103774679B CN201210404963.9A CN201210404963A CN103774679B CN 103774679 B CN103774679 B CN 103774679B CN 201210404963 A CN201210404963 A CN 201210404963A CN 103774679 B CN103774679 B CN 103774679B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method of rock slope linked network, comprise the following steps: clear up domatic, linked network, anchoring, during anchoring, select long anchor pole, interval 1m-2m, all the other positions are short holdfast, and spacing is 0.5m-1m.The method of rock slope linked network provided by the invention, long anchor pole, short holdfast combine, and both ensure that anchor pole layout density, and can save engineering cost again, can carry out compact siro spinning technology to the binding site of adjacent wire gauze again, making the later stage spray the base material got on can longer-term persistence.Also effectively can contain rainwater washing away and soil erosion phenomenon side slope.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to side slope linked network field, side slope linked network being specifically related to a kind of speedway and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In expressway construction, to form exposed cutting domatic in excavation section, both destroyed vegetation, and damaged the ecological homeostasis, and again very easily by the erosion of wind and rain etc., caused soil erosion, jeopardize the safety of highway.Past often employing grouts the structure such as the rectangular slab of stone or cement throwing jet and carries out bank protection process, along with the raising of people's environmental protection and aesthetic consciousness, domaticly greening treatment need be carried out to exposed, to prevent domatic erosion and weathering, recover natural vegetation, while greening, playing the effect beautified, sitting in car in the hope of reaching people, the artistic conception of car row in picture.
Slope of highway greening was just risen in recent years, also rested on traditional hard protection to the many places of protection of stable stone matter and hard soil-slope, as concrete spray anchor, mortar rubble masonry pavement, stone masonry barricade etc.
These traditional engineering protection costs are high, have impact on highway landscape, cause permanent damage to ecological vegetation.Because above-mentioned means of defence opposite side slope defines closed, there is slope instability because underground water can not be discharged in time, cave in part side slope.
Traditional method for greening side slope be toe plant climbing plant, top, slope plant Hanging Plants or dig on scar planting groove or fish-scale pit plant climb, Hanging Plants and flowering shrub etc. realize greening.These methods are simple, but speed of application is slow, and maintenance difficulty, survival rate is low, and importantly scar reaches to cover completely often needs long time.
The plant protection of expressway slope is not if carried out manual intervention, and dead soil is difficult to the rapid Cover reaching vegetation.Linked network Seed spraying technology is exactly by the one in anchored metal mesh in side slope, steel mesh reinforcement or high strength plastics three dimensional network, adopt compressed ir spray gun the soil moved in improve the original mixed is ejected into domatic on, spray vegetation seed thereon again, by the root system of vegetation prosperity and combining closely of dictyosome, slope of highway is reached to the object of protection.Soil moved in improve the original is that the growth of vegetation in side slope creates advantage, and its composition is different with the difference of plant growth conditions in side slope.According to the kind of the feature choose reasonable nets such as slope gradient, geological condition, temperature, rainfall, the vegetative protection effect of side slope will be better.
This technology is applicable to the protection of side slope is more stable, slope wash is slight embankment and cut slope.The compliance of linked network Seed spraying technology to slope height, ratio of slope is stronger.For the protection of high slope, the bricklaying safeguard procedures that this combine with technique is appropriate, can reach not only firm but also economical, not only environmental protection but also good result attractive in appearance.By linked network, the erosion resistibility of soil moved in improve the original can be increased, significantly improve the attachment condition of soil moved in improve the original in side slope simultaneously, suddenly successfully can cover vegetation on the rock side slope of 1: 0.75.Because spraying and seeding afforesting has higher requirement to plant equipment and construction technology, by the impact of the various factors such as apolegamy and grass seeds growth characteristics of landform, weather, water and soil, grass seeds.
CN200810046488.6 discloses the method for mud stone source substrate to rock side-slope ecological protection; wherein Instructions Page 3 first paragraph discloses anchor pole long according to 1m × 1m spacing quincuncial arrangement 100cm on the smooth rock side-slope face of matrix and the long holdfast of 60cm, by 5cm × 5cm galvanized wire mesh linked network.
CN201010101189.5 discloses a kind of method of vegetation mesh revetment, comprise the following steps, riverbank is made be less than 70 ° smooth domatic, installation specification is the anchor pole of φ 14-18mm, L80-140cm on domatic, spacing is 80cm × 80cm, and pour into Anchor Agent and fix, domatic reserved rock-bolt length 9-11cm; Hanging specification along the domatic paving of step 1) is 14
#, mesh 5cm × 5cm galvanized wire mesh, and be fixed on anchor pole, make galvanized wire mesh and domatic distance protection 4-5cm.(operation of embodiment 2 is wherein: riverbank is made 30-55 ° domatic, installation specification is the anchor pole of φ 16mm, L120cm on domatic, and spacing is 80cm × 80cm, and pours into Anchor Agent and fix, domatic reserved rock-bolt length 10cm; Hanging specification along the domatic paving of step 1) is 14
#, mesh 8cm × 8cm galvanized wire mesh, and be fixed on anchor pole, make galvanized wire mesh and domatic distance protection 4-5cm)
Existing technology finds in enforcement engineering, in CN200810046488.6 technology anchor pole and holdfast layout density excessive, holdfast and anchor pole long, engineering cost is caused to rise, and CN201010101189.5 technology does not use holdfast to connect two adjacent wire gauze, and the wire gauze mesh used in embodiment is excessive, the base material causing adjacent wire gauze place to sow grass seeds by duster easily comes off after heavy rain.On this basis, the present invention should control the engineering cost of holdfast and anchor pole, can not reduce workmanship again.Lawn in all parts of the country spray seeding technique index also exists areal variation.Inventor tests with regard to the net hanging method of rock slope, sums up a set of comparatively ripe complete screening technology scheme.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of rock slope linked network.
The method of a kind of rock slope linked network provided by the invention, comprises the following steps: clear up domatic, linked network, anchoring.
During described anchoring, during anchoring, the lap-joint of net and net uses long anchor pole, and spacing is 1-2m, and all the other positions are short holdfast, and spacing is 0.5m-1.0m.The holdfast of described use or anchor pole, the reinforcing bar being Φ 6mm is prefabricated, and its long anchor pole is U-shaped, and length is 0.6m-1.5m; Short holdfast is L-type, and long is 0.3m-0.6m.
In described linked network, wire side and domatic between distance be 3-4cm.
Described net is three-dimension vegetative net, and adopt galvanized wire mesh, specification is: 14#; Mesh: 5cm × 5cm; Net wide: 200cm.
When described cleaning is domatic, the domatic gradient is 55-65 °.
Concrete, rock slope net hanging method comprises the following steps:
1) clear up domatic: advance about 8-12m inwards along top, slope outward flange, form 55-65 ° stablize domatic, preferably 60 °;
2) linked network: linked network from top to bottom, wire side and domatic between keep the space of about 3-4cm, galvanized wire mesh is extended 0.60-0.80m to top, top, slope, and can be pressed in for degree under the catchwater of top, slope, the overlap distance between net and net is 0.10-0.15m;
3) anchoring: while linked network construction or should beat long anchor pole from top to bottom, interval 2m after linked network, simultaneously additionally arranges short holdfast in the middle of adjacent long anchor pole." L " type holdfast is arranged by spacing 50cm × 50cm, and anchor pole or holdfast will, across two nets, make it be unified into an entirety in mesh sheet lap-joint.
Described step 2 is further: after top, slope fixes, linked network from top to bottom, net should be strained during laying, wire side and domatic between keep the space of about 3-4cm, galvanized wire mesh is extended more than 60cm to top, top, slope, can be pressed under the catchwater of top, slope as degree, after fixing with long anchor pole, backfill, the overlap distance between net and net is 10-15cm, with baked wheaten cake silk by firm for its colligation; Fix from top to bottom with long anchor pole and short holdfast after spreading whole order.
During described step 3) anchoring, to be comparatively altogether unjustifiable rock side slope (as being greater than 2.0m) for covering layer, density is every square metre and is no less than 8 timbers nails, and preferred T-shape length is the timber nail of 1.0m or 1.2m, every square metre of 10 timbers nail; To domatic out-of-flatness place, suitably squeeze into the short holdfast that long 20 ~ 30cm does not wait, domatic to make zinc-plated net press close to; Punch on domatic with rig, then with anchor pole or holdfast, wire gauze is fixed.
Because long anchor pole has the double action of Gu Po and linked network concurrently, therefore should according to domatic concrete condition when arranging length anchor pole, the danger stone place that can not remove in advance and joint fissure comparatively growth place suitably should encrypt the quantity of long anchor pole, as 1.0m; And replacing long anchor pole at slope leveling, the available Short bolt in Rock Slide Stability place, spacing can suitably adjust, as 1.0m.
The method of this side slope linked network provided by the invention is applicable to decomposed rock, the soft rock that soil is fewer and the high soil property of soil hardness domatic.Want make concrete analyses of concrete problems simultaneously, as:
(1) hard rock side slope: as granite, diorite, Mesozoic sandstone, the hard not easy-weathering in surface, be full of cracks less and good stability time, except particular/special requirement, generally do not consider to adopt ditching grass planting bank protecting method;
(2) Soft Rock Slope: as magma tuff, shale, the 3rd discipline mud stone, siltstone etc., according to it, whether easy-weathering can the number of sand and be full of cracks, can adopt ditching linked network Spray turfing technology;
(3) easy-weathering hard rock: as serpentinite, clay slate etc. excavation after at short notice weathering be sand or the rock being decomposed into shred along crack, by Soft Rock Slope process.
More difficult domatic in these greenings, by adding Nutrition Soil, create plant growing condition, three-dimensional earthwork plays the effect of reinforcing rib, and the material that prevents from sowing grass seeds by duster peels off, thus reaches the object of greening.
Construction should be noted that following some:
1, conscientiously check domatic before constructing, after unstable slope body process is stable, can domatic construction be carried out.
2, linked network best construction time of sowing grass seeds by duster is 3-6 month, selects different anchor pole density during construction according to climatic characteristic.
3, during sprayed construction, ejiction opening is vertical with domatic.
4, forbid carrying out construction of sowing grass seeds by duster in heavy rain or before heavy rain, the rainy day properly protects measure, prevents domatic being washed away.
When 5, sowing grass seeds by duster, jetting thickness will meet the demands, and checks at any time in construction, fills spray in time when finding thickness low LCL.
6, during domatic maintenance, adopt spray water to spray domatic, prevent from washing away domatic.
Side slope linked network provided by the invention has the following advantages:
Long anchor pole, short holdfast combine, and both ensure that anchor pole layout density, and can save engineering cost again, can carry out compact siro spinning technology to the binding site of adjacent wire gauze again, making the later stage spray the base material got on can longer-term persistence.
1, ecological benefits are remarkable:
By vegetation of sowing grass seeds by duster in rock slope, effectively contained rainwater washing away and soil erosion phenomenon side slope, the near-earth microclimate of formation effectively improves the environment of speedway, and can promote surrounding area accelerate environment greening, beautify process.
2, high financial profit:
Under the condition that safeguard function is identical, the cost of linked network is lower.
3, mechanization degree is high, speed of application is fast:
Plant equipment required for linked network alien earth sparging is fairly simple, mainly soil moved in improve the original spraying equipment and grass-seed hydroseeding equipment.Protect side slope by this technology, constructor's less investment, efficiency of construction is high.
4, long-lasting
Use the Zhi Sheng basic unit of soil conditioner and organic fiber material composition, be conducive to the long-term survival of plant and growth.Effectively improve former domatic soil property.The numerous little strap ladder artificially manufactured by laying three dimensional network adds the area of applicable plant growth, recovers natural vegetation sustainably, step by step.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: side slope linked network flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Embodiment 1: linked network Seed spraying technology
Certain quarry, the north, most gradient is at 70 °-80 °, vertical height is about about 18m, be all rock slope, current quarry is discarded for many years, and domatic rock is exposed, plant is without growth conditions, severe water and soil erosion, prevents erosion for beautifying the environment, and need carry out again green construction to this abandoned quarry.
According to the comprehensive analysis of the landform to abandoned quarry, geology and weather conditions and Technical comparing in many ways, the natural conditions of this abandoned quarry meet linked network completely and to sow grass seeds by duster ecosystem recovery requirement.
The net hanging method of rock slope, overall flow plants raw matrix and vegetable seeds (see figure 1) for domatic, the linked network of cleaning, anchoring, spray attachment, and concrete operation method is as follows:
1, clear up domatic: adopt global blowup cut slope method, along slope top outward flange advance about 8-12m inwards, form 60 ° stablize domatic;
2, linked network:
1. adopt galvanized wire mesh, specification is: 14#; Mesh: 5.0 × 5.0cm; Net wide: 200cm.
2. galvanized wire mesh is extended 60cm to top, top, slope, can be pressed in for degree under the catchwater of top, slope, after fixing with long anchor pole, backfill.
3. after top, slope fixes, linked network from top to bottom, should strain net during laying, and between net and net, overlap distance is 10cm, with baked wheaten cake silk by firm for its colligation; Wire side and domatic between keep the space of about 3-4cm.
3, anchoring:
Long anchor pole adopts the reinforcing bar of Φ 6mm, and " U " shaped steel rock-bolt length is 15.0cm." U " type anchor pole is arranged by spacing 2.0m;
Short holdfast adopts the reinforcing bar of Φ 6mm, and " L " shaped steel rock-bolt length is 0.3m or 0.5m." L " type anchor pole is arranged by spacing 0.5m;
For the non-rock side slope of covering layer more than 2.0m, adopt the T-shape timber being about 1.0m or 1.2m to clench solid, every square metre is 10 timber nails.
Replace long anchor pole slope leveling, the available short holdfast (being about 0.3m or 0.5m) in Rock Slide Stability place, spacing suitably can be adjusted to 1.0m.
The danger stone place that can not remove in advance and joint fissure comparatively growth place suitably should encrypt the quantity of long anchor pole, around danger stone or crack, about 1.0m lays, and makes wire gauze identical with domatic fluctuating position veneer, and cannot move.
4, spray attachment plants raw matrix and vegetable seeds: after lapping and anchoring construction complete, and can carry out the construction that spray attachment plants raw matrix and seed.
After embodiment 1 has been sowed grass seeds by duster, through drip washing in rainy season then, find no matrix obscission of locally sowing grass seeds by duster, also do not occur be full of cracks, uniform surface is smooth.
Through a complete Growing season, form stable vegetative coverage on domatic, do not found matrix obscission of sowing grass seeds by duster.
Embodiment 2: linked network Seed spraying technology
Shaanxi expressway works side slope is that original place side's Dumping Sites excavation left over of digging up mine is formed, and first order ratio of slope is 1 × 0.75, and second level ratio of slope is 1 × 1, adopts linked network spraying and seeding afforesting.
Concrete operations flow process is as follows:
1, side slope is cleared up
Easy landing, the rock that affects stability of slope are disposed, the domatic smooth as far as possible linked network that is beneficial to is sowed grass seeds by duster construction, increases slope greening effect simultaneously; Carry out adding rough process for smooth scar by excavating the measures such as traverse furrow, the domatic gradient is 65 °, in order to avoid soil moved in improve the original glides.
2, linked network
1. adopt galvanized wire mesh, specification is: 14#; Mesh: 5.0cm × 5.0cm; Net wide: 200cm.
2. galvanized wire mesh is extended 80cm to top, top, slope, can be pressed in for degree under the catchwater of top, slope, after fixing with holdfast, backfill.
3. after top, slope fixes, linked network from top to bottom, should strain net during laying, and the distance overlapped between net and net is 15cm, with baked wheaten cake silk by firm for its colligation; Wire side and domatic between keep the space of about 3-4cm, the wire gauze overlap joint of junction is 15cm.
3, anchoring:
While linked network construction or Φ 6mm should be beaten from top to bottom after linked network, anchor pole Bower Anchor bar that length is 1.40m, interval 2m.
Adopt during linked network construction and unreel from top to bottom, the zinc-plated net of adjacent two volume is connected and fixed with tie wire respectively, and two net junctions require the overlap of 0.1m.
The short holdfast in all the other places, is about 0.3m or 0.5m, and spacing is 0.5m.
To domatic out-of-flatness place, suitably squeeze into the wooden holdfast that long 0.2m ~ 0.3m does not wait, domatic to make zinc-plated net press close to.
4, after embodiment 2 has been sowed grass seeds by duster, through drip washing in rainy season then, find that there is in local matrix obscission of sowing grass seeds by duster, the density local that comes off being hammered into anchor pole fills spray after 1 × 1m, respond well.Through a complete Growing season, form stable vegetative coverage on domatic, do not found matrix obscission of sowing grass seeds by duster.
From embodiment 1 and 2, ensureing that anchor pole is fixed on the rational basis of engineering cost economic, the high-quality that can realize engineering is is completely checked and accepted.
Although above with general explanation, detailed description of the invention and test, the present invention is described in detail, and on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a method for rock slope linked network, comprises the following steps: clear up domatic, linked network, anchoring, it is characterized in that, each step comprises:
1) clear up domatic: rock slope is formed 55-65 ° domatic;
2) linked network: linked network from top to bottom, wire side and domatic between keep the space of 3-4cm, galvanized wire mesh is extended 60-80cm to top, top, slope, and the distance overlapped between net and net is 10-15cm, and the specification of galvanized wire mesh is: 14#; Mesh: 5cm × 5cm; Net wide: 200cm;
3) anchoring: linked network construction while or long anchor pole should be beaten from top to bottom, interval 1m-2m after linked network; The short holdfast of " L " type is arranged by spacing 50cm × 50cm, and the reinforcing bar that holdfast or anchor pole are Φ 6mm is prefabricated, and its long anchor pole is U-shaped, and length is 0.6m-1.5m; Short holdfast is L-type, and long is 0.3m-0.6m, and long anchor pole is at net and net lap-joint uses or network edge uses, and short holdfast is uniformly distributed between long anchor pole.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, to domatic out-of-flatness place, suitably squeezes into the short holdfast that long 0.2m-0.3m does not wait, domatic to make galvanized wire mesh press close to.
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| CN105089065B (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2017-01-25 | 三峡大学 | Method for improving reinforcement effect on habitat matrixes and preventing matrixes from splashing in ejecting planting process |
| CN107100176B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2019-01-29 | 浙江中景市政园林建设有限公司 | A kind of expressway slope greening system |
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| CN108677976A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-19 | 陕西绿盛园林建设有限公司 | Galvanized wire mesh is combined without the careless blanket slope protection construction method of grass-seed environmental protection |
| CN108677975A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-19 | 陕西绿盛园林建设有限公司 | A kind of careless blanket slope protection construction method of three dimensional network combination environmental protection |
| CN109098189A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-28 | 北京易成市政工程有限责任公司 | Road slope landslide reinforcement construction method |
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| CN109356163A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-19 | 长安大学 | A kind of experimental provision for cutting slope |
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| CN111820081A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-27 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Slope net hanging spray-seeding quick greening construction method |
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