CN103766096A - Ecological breeding method for aquatic vegetables or flowering plants and rice field eels - Google Patents

Ecological breeding method for aquatic vegetables or flowering plants and rice field eels Download PDF

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CN103766096A
CN103766096A CN201210395524.6A CN201210395524A CN103766096A CN 103766096 A CN103766096 A CN 103766096A CN 201210395524 A CN201210395524 A CN 201210395524A CN 103766096 A CN103766096 A CN 103766096A
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pond
eel
swamp eel
days
feeding
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陈丹
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological breeding method for aquatic vegetables or flowering plants and rice field eels. The ecological breeding method comprises the following steps of (a) building a cement breeding pond, using unslaked lime water to soak the breeding pond for three to seven days after the cement breeding pond is built, then adding clear water to soak the pond for 15-30 days till green moss grows at the pond bottom; (b) planting the aquatic vegetables or the flowering plants in the cement breeding pond; (c) performing eating training before eel fries are put into the cement breeding pond, wherein an eating training method is that baits are not provided two to three days before the eel fries are put into the cement breeding pond and are provided in a later period; (d) putting the eel fries into the pond, wherein the conditions are that the water temperature is 25-28 degrees, the day-and-night temperature difference does not exceed 5 degrees, the breeding density in the pond is 1.5-2kg eel fries per square meter, feeding is not performed three to six days before the eel fries are put into the cement breeding pond, and the baits are provided from the fourth to seventh day. By adopting the ecological breeding method for the aquatic vegetables or the flowering plants and the rice field eels, the rice field eels, the aquatic vegetables and the flowering plants are cultivated in a mixed mode, an excellent growing environment is provided for the rice field eels, and the rice field eels are high in yield, good in quality, non-toxic, harmless and pollution-free.

Description

The ecological cultivation method of a kind of aquatic vegetable or flowers and swamp eel
Technical field
The present invention relates to the ecological cultivation method of a kind of swamp eel, relate in particular to the ecological cultivation method of a kind of aquatic vegetable or flowers and swamp eel.
  
Background technology
Swamp eel is distributed widely in the water bodys such as lake in all parts of the country, river, reservoir, pond, irrigation canals and ditches.Except northwest plateau area, all there are record, particularly Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze river basin in each department, abound with especially the area of swamp eel.Swamp eel delicious flavour, nutritious, is one of good merchantable brand in famous and precious fresh-water fishes, contains abundant DHA and lecithin in yellow eel, and it is the main component that forms the each organ-tissue cell membrane of human body, and is the indispensable nutrition of brain cell; According to U.S.'s experimental data and study, often absorb lecithin, memory can improve 20%.Therefore edible yellow eel meat has the effect of mending brain and enhancing fitness; The extraordinary material " yellow eel element " that swamp eel is contained, there are clearing heat and detoxicating, cooling blood and relieving pain, the effect such as detumescence, ease constipation hemostasis of dispeling the wind, can reduce blood sugar and regulate blood sugar, hemorrhoid, diabetes are had to good therapeutic action, in addition institute is fatty few, because of but diabetic's ultimate food.The vitamin A amount that yellow eel contains is surprisingly high.Vitamin A can be promoted eyesight, promotes the metabolism of epithelium.
In recent years, because people is overfishing, the hazard of pesticides and environmental pollution, a resource shrinkage of wild swamp eel, supply falls short of demand in market.Therefore, mostly adopt the method for propagating swamp eel artificially to solve the market demand, the method of propagating swamp eel artificially is in culturing pool, to place earth, owing to containing the trace elements such as poisonous metal in earth, and very easily polluted water and feed, form Humus, this class Humus is unfavorable for the growth of swamp eel, and, therefore cultivate swamp eel out and eaten by the mankind, also easily make harmful substance invasion and attack, affect the healthy of people.
In order to solve the problem of Humus, the raiser of some culturing rice field eels, loach starts the water plants of putting weter hyacinth, water peanut etc. in a suitable place to breed and playing regulating water quality effect at the water surface, although these two kinds of water plants have the function of good regulating water quality, but also there is the characteristic of " overgrowing ", its growth fast, can have influence on the living space of swamp eel, finally have influence on the output of swamp eel.
  
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: provide one effectively to improve swamp eel growth water quality, and can effectively improve swamp eel output aquatic vegetable or the ecological cultivation method of flowers and swamp eel, solve the technical problem existing in existing culture of swamp eel technology, thereby can effectively solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
The object of the invention is to realize by following technical proposals: the ecological cultivation method of a kind of aquatic vegetable or flowers and swamp eel, this ecological cultivation method comprises the following steps:
A. build a cement culturing pool, after cement culturing pool is built up,, after 3-7 days, add clear water and soak 15-30 days, until grow tongue clearly at the bottom of pond with lime water immersion;
B. on cement culturing pool, plant aquatic vegetable or flowers;
C. eel seedling, before entering cement culturing pool, is first instructed food, and instruction food method is: within eel seedling before pond 2-3 days, do not give bait, the later stage is giving bait feeding, and bait adopts one or more in maggot, earthworm, screw meat;
D. pond under eel seedling, lower pond condition: water temperature is 25-28 degree, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree; The density that put in a suitable place to breed in lower pond is every square metre and puts 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings;
Feeding: front 3-6 days does not does not throw something and feed; Since the 4-7 days feeds of throwing something and feeding, feed formula was: fish meal 21-26%, earthworm (dry weight) 8-12%, mineral matter 0.5-1%, yeast 2.1-4.5%, multivitamin 2.2-3.2%, and adhesive 2-3%, surplus is puffed soybean.
As a kind of optimal way, be one or more in water spinach, Chinese celery, romaine lettuce or tomato at the aquatic vegetable of the water surface planting in swamp eel pond.
As a kind of optimal way, the flowers of the water surface planting in swamp eel pond be India canna, fishscale bamboo, the red palm or evergreen in one or more.
As a kind of optimal way, feeding volume when feeding, by 3%-5% of swamp eel body weight, is thrown something and fed 1 to 2 time every day. 
As further preferably, when feeding, add every day and feed once one or more in fresh earthworm, maggot, river spiral shell or yellow mealworm.
As a kind of optimal way, the pool area size of cement culturing pool is 20-50 square metre, and the dark 0.7-1 rice in pond, fills out fertile mud layer at the bottom of pond, thick 30 centimetres.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable of the present invention or flowers and swamp eel, swamp eel and aquatic vegetable and flowers mixed breed, provide a good growing environment to swamp eel, in conjunction with the cultural technique designing in the present invention, whole breeding process is simple, safe and reliable, the output of swamp eel is high, and quality is good, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free, after the mankind are edible, be conducive to healthy, and, improved culturist's economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Disclosed all features in this specification, or step in disclosed all methods or process, except the speciality and/or step of mutual repulsion, all can combine by any way, unless narration especially, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object,, unless narration especially, an embodiment in a series of equivalences of each feature or similar characteristics.
The ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable of the present invention or flowers and swamp eel, comprises the following steps:
A. build a cement culturing pool, after cement culturing pool is built up,, after 3-7 days, add clear water and soak 15-30 days, until grow tongue clearly at the bottom of pond with lime water immersion;
B. on cement culturing pool, plant aquatic vegetable or flowers;
C. eel seedling, before entering cement culturing pool, is first instructed food, and instruction food method is: within eel seedling before pond 2-3 days, do not give bait, the later stage is giving bait feeding, and bait adopts one or more in maggot, earthworm, screw meat;
D. pond under eel seedling, lower pond condition: water temperature is 25-28 degree, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree; The density that put in a suitable place to breed in lower pond is every square metre and puts 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings;
Feeding: front 3-6 days does not does not throw something and feed; Since the 4-7 days feeds of throwing something and feeding, feed formula was: fish meal 21-26%, earthworm (dry weight) 8-12%, mineral matter 0.5-1%, yeast 2.1-4.5%, multivitamin 2.2-3.2%, and adhesive 2-3%, surplus is puffed soybean.
embodiment 1:
The ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable and swamp eel, comprises the following steps:
A. build a pool area and be the cement culturing pool of 30 square metres, dark 1 meter of pond, fills out fertile mud layer at the bottom of pond, thick 30 centimetres,, is conducive to swamp eel and digs a hole and live in caves for well containing organic more fertile mud; While building pond, note installing water inlet, gap, the depth of water remains on 15 centimetres, and water inlet, gap are escaped by luck and are tied with blocking, in case swamp eel flight; After cement culturing pool is built up,, after 5 days, add clear water and soak 20 days, until grow tongue clearly at the bottom of pond with lime water immersion;
B. on cement culturing pool, plant water spinach;
C. choose swamp eel seedling, it is crucial supporting swamp eel seedling, yellow finless eel or golden yellow stigma eel kind that swamp eel seedling is preferably tamed with artificial culture, can not be with variegated eel seedling with not by the eel seedling of domestication, swamp eel seedling size being advisable with 50-80 of per kilograms, the too little power of ingesting is poor, and survival rate is also low, and breeding density is generally put 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings with every square metre and is advisable.Eel seedling is before entering cement culturing pool, first instruct food, instruction food method is: first install feed table, feed table is all right with plank or plastic plate, area is made by oneself by pond size, lower than 5 centimetres of the waters surface, then throw in swamp eel seedling, under eel seedling, pond did not give bait in first 3 days, allows swamp eel control environment, since the 4th day feed of throwing something and feeding, every afternoon 7 left and right feed the best of throwing something and feeding, now swamp eel feed intake is the highest, and artificial feeding swamp eel is take mixed bait as main, and bait adopts the one in maggot, earthworm, screw meat;
D. pond under eel seedling, lower pond condition: water temperature is 25-28 degree, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree; The density that put in a suitable place to breed in lower pond is every square metre and puts 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings;
Feeding: front 3-6 days does not does not throw something and feed; Since the 4-7 days feeds of throwing something and feeding, feed formula was: fish meal 26%, earthworm (dry weight) 10%, mineral matter 0.8%, yeast 2.8%, multivitamin 2.8%, and adhesive 3%, surplus is puffed soybean; When feeding, add the one of feeding once in fresh earthworm, maggot, river spiral shell or yellow mealworm every day; And feeding volume when feeding, by 3%-5% of swamp eel body weight, is thrown something and fed 1 to 2 time every day. 
Feeding and management.The swamp eel season of growth is November, and wherein the busy season is the 5-9 month, and management in the meantime will accomplish that duty is patrolled pond, duty is managed, the fast solution of pinpointing the problems; The growth of careful observation pond and swamp eel is dynamic, to take in time corresponding measure; The habit of swamp eel is to hide by day and come out at night, and will pull the residual feed in pond in time out every morning, in order to avoid affect water quality, keeps pond water quality pure and fresh, and acidity-basicity ph value is between 6.5-7.5.Water level is applicable to. 
In addition, also need to prevent eel disease, conventional 1-2ppm bleaching powder full pool spilling head, regularly, with copper sulphate full pond sterilization, saves trichlorphon expelling parasite in annual spring, autumn.
Swamp eel discharge nitrogen and phosphorus gas, cause the eutrophication of water body, to plant growth, needed nutrition provides source to these gases, and the growth of plant can improve water quality, remove the organic substance more than more than 80% suspension room and 70% in water, reduce more than 90% BOD, and can make within pH value in water remains on critical field, reduce water pollution, reduce the generation of disease.
  
embodiment 2:
The ecological cultivation method of flowering marsh plants and swamp eel, comprises the following steps:
A. build a pool area and be the cement culturing pool of 50 square metres, dark 0.8 meter of pond, fills out fertile mud layer at the bottom of pond, thick 30 centimetres,, is conducive to swamp eel and digs a hole and live in caves for well containing organic more fertile mud; While building pond, note installing water inlet, gap, the depth of water remains on 15 centimetres, and water inlet, gap are escaped by luck and are tied with blocking, in case swamp eel flight; After cement culturing pool is built up,, after 7 days, add clear water and soak 30 days, until grow tongue clearly at the bottom of pond with lime water immersion;
B. on cement culturing pool, plant India canna;
C. choose swamp eel seedling, it is crucial supporting swamp eel seedling, yellow finless eel or golden yellow stigma eel kind that swamp eel seedling is preferably tamed with artificial culture, can not be with variegated eel seedling with not by the eel seedling of domestication, swamp eel seedling size being advisable with 50-80 of per kilograms, the too little power of ingesting is poor, and survival rate is also low, and breeding density is generally put 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings with every square metre and is advisable.Before lower seedling, should pay close attention in advance 5-7 days Changes in weather, as rainy or cloudy day had better not be descended seedling or feeding, eel seedling is before entering cement culturing pool, and eel seedling is instructed food method, and under seedling, first three day of pond do not give bait, and the later stage is giving bait feeding; Bait can adopt maggot, earthworm, screw meat to add feed and special temptation bait, in instruction food process, notes observing: whether listen swamp eel food even, the swamp eel of opening food is many and few; See the number of observing residual bait morning, whether swamp eel has abnormal conditions; It is out movable whether swamp eel leaves pasture and water by day,
D. pond under eel seedling, lower pond condition: water temperature is 25-28 degree, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree; When concrete enforcement, the density that put in a suitable place to breed in lower pond is every square metre and puts 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings; Do not open swamp eel bosom ovum and egg-laying period, the highest water temperature is no more than 35 degree, reaches above condition and all can enter seedling, before seed nowel, pays close attention to climatic variation, and guaranteeing has a fine day before nowel, guarantees to have three fine days after nowel, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree.
Feeding: front 3-6 days does not does not throw something and feed; Since the 4-7 days feeds of throwing something and feeding, feed formula was: fish meal 25%, earthworm (dry weight) 11%, mineral matter 0.75%, yeast 3.5%, multivitamin 2.75%, and adhesive 2.55%, surplus is puffed soybean; When feeding, add the one of feeding once in fresh earthworm, maggot, river spiral shell or yellow mealworm every day; And feeding volume when feeding, by 3%-5% of swamp eel body weight, is thrown something and fed 1 to 2 time every day. 
Feeding and management.The swamp eel season of growth is November, and wherein the busy season is the 5-9 month, and management in the meantime will accomplish that duty is patrolled pond, duty is managed, the fast solution of pinpointing the problems; The growth of careful observation pond and swamp eel is dynamic, to take in time corresponding measure; The habit of swamp eel is to hide by day and come out at night, and will pull the residual feed in pond in time out every morning, in order to avoid affect water quality, keeps pond water quality pure and fresh, and acidity-basicity ph value is between 6.5-7.5.Water level is applicable to. 
In addition, also need to prevent eel disease, conventional 1-2ppm bleaching powder full pool spilling head, regularly, with copper sulphate full pond sterilization, saves trichlorphon expelling parasite in annual spring, autumn.
Swamp eel discharge nitrogen and phosphorus gas, cause the eutrophication of water body, to plant growth, needed nutrition provides source to these gases, and the growth of plant can improve water quality, remove the organic substance more than more than 75% suspension room and 65% in water, reduce more than 80% BOD, and can make within pH value in water remains on critical field, reduce water pollution, reduce the generation of disease.
Oneself cultivate seedling if want, its method is as follows:
Parent population is selected the eel kind for breeding, and female eel selective body is long more than 35 centimetres weighs 80 grams-150 grams, and belly expands oolemma, and the eel kind of gonopore redness has ovum grain person the best; Male eel should select length more than 60 centimetres, weighs more than 150 grams, and the outside of belly has trace of blood speckle, and extruding belly can flow out transparent liquid, the eel kind of the visible sperm of microscopy.
Be advisable with 1 male eel of 2~3 female eel collocation.
The breeding of hastening parturition can adopt inflation, increase quantity of exchanged water, adjusts cultivation density and the measures such as high-quality bait are provided, and kind of eel is hastened parturition naturally, improves its fertility.Also can disposable injection LRH-A, the every 50 grams of body weight of female eel are injected 10 micrograms, and the every endnote of male eel is penetrated 15 milligrams~25 milligrams, and male eel is carried out thoracic cavity injection for Zao 24 hours than female eel.When injection, the degree of depth is no more than 0.5 centimetre, and injection volume is no more than 1 milliliter, spawning effect the best.
The hatching depth of water of temperature is advisable with 10 centimetres of left and right, should often change water midway, but the temperature difference must not exceed 4 ℃.The higher hatching required time of water temperature is shorter.Fry rearing should be used cement pit, suitably applies a small amount of muck water for the breeding of silk earthworm in pond, and the water surface is put aquatic vegetable or the flowers that the present invention mentions in a suitable place to breed; Fry breeding density is every square metre of 200 tail left and right, and after 1 month~2 months, eel seedling can be moved to eel pond and raises while growing to 10 centimetres of left and right.
Above the present invention has been carried out to detailed introduction, applied specific case herein structure of the present invention is set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.To be possible to change of the present invention and improvement, and can not exceed design and the scope of accessory claim regulation.
  

Claims (6)

1. an ecological cultivation method for aquatic vegetable or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: this ecological cultivation method comprises the following steps:
A. build a cement culturing pool, after cement culturing pool is built up,, after 3-7 days, add clear water and soak 15-30 days, until grow tongue clearly at the bottom of pond with lime water immersion;
B. on cement culturing pool, plant aquatic vegetable or flowers;
C. eel seedling, before entering cement culturing pool, is first instructed food, and instruction food method is: within eel seedling before pond 2-3 days, do not give bait, the later stage is giving bait feeding, and bait adopts one or more in maggot, earthworm, screw meat;
D. pond under eel seedling, lower pond condition: water temperature is 25-28 degree, and day and night the temperature difference is no more than 5 degree; The density that put in a suitable place to breed in lower pond is every square metre and puts 1.5-2 kilograms of eel seedlings;
Feeding: front 3-6 days does not does not throw something and feed; Since the 4-7 days feeds of throwing something and feeding, feed formula was: fish meal 21-26%, earthworm (dry weight) 8-12%, mineral matter 0.5-1%, yeast 2.1-4.5%, multivitamin 2.2-3.2%, and adhesive 2-3%, surplus is puffed soybean.
2. the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable as claimed in claim 1 or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: be one or more in water spinach, Chinese celery, romaine lettuce or tomato at the aquatic vegetable of the water surface planting in swamp eel pond.
3. the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable as claimed in claim 1 or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: the flowers of the water surface planting in swamp eel pond be India canna, fishscale bamboo, the red palm or evergreen in one or more.
4. the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable as claimed in claim 1 or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: feeding volume when feeding, by 3%-5% of swamp eel body weight, is thrown something and fed 1 to 2 time every day.
5. the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable as claimed in claim 4 or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: when feeding, add every day and feed once one or more in fresh earthworm, maggot, river spiral shell or yellow mealworm.
6. the ecological cultivation method of aquatic vegetable as claimed in claim 1 or flowers and swamp eel, is characterized in that: the pool area size of cement culturing pool is 20-50 square metre, and the dark 0.7-1 rice in pond, fills out fertile mud layer at the bottom of pond, thick 30 centimetres.
CN201210395524.6A 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Ecological breeding method for aquatic vegetables or flowering plants and rice field eels Pending CN103766096A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106258362A (en) * 2016-08-11 2017-01-04 文县科学技术局 A kind of implantation methods of Alpine Forest Areas water spinach
CN106719119A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 湖北省水产科学研究所 A kind of pond efficient ecological three dimensional-planting-breeding method
CN106962237A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-21 智耕股份有限公司 Ricefield eel cultivating method under bamboo grove
CN113197129A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-03 天门粤海饲料有限公司 Method for breeding finless eels in grass carp pond by using water spinach floating bed

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106258362A (en) * 2016-08-11 2017-01-04 文县科学技术局 A kind of implantation methods of Alpine Forest Areas water spinach
CN106719119A (en) * 2016-11-22 2017-05-31 湖北省水产科学研究所 A kind of pond efficient ecological three dimensional-planting-breeding method
CN106962237A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-21 智耕股份有限公司 Ricefield eel cultivating method under bamboo grove
CN113197129A (en) * 2021-05-17 2021-08-03 天门粤海饲料有限公司 Method for breeding finless eels in grass carp pond by using water spinach floating bed

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Application publication date: 20140507