CN103756109A - 一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103756109A
CN103756109A CN201310677716.0A CN201310677716A CN103756109A CN 103756109 A CN103756109 A CN 103756109A CN 201310677716 A CN201310677716 A CN 201310677716A CN 103756109 A CN103756109 A CN 103756109A
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苗玄
李巍巍
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法，该方法包含以下工艺步骤：（1）将50-100份弹性体、20-50份氧化锌、50-80份发泡剂混合搅拌6~50分钟；挤出造粒，挤出温度为60~120℃，制备发泡剂母粒；（2）将50-150份弹性体、50-100份隔声填充材料、20-50份增塑剂混合搅拌6~50分钟；挤出造粒，挤出温度为60~120℃，制备隔声填充材料母粒；（3）将30~50份发泡母粒、30~70份隔声填充材料母粒、0~5份季戊四醇，0~5份十八烷酸，0~5份过氧化二异丙苯混合均匀，挤出成型，挤出温度为60~120℃，30℃冷却，收卷，包装成品。

Description

一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子复合材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的不断发展，人们的生活水平不断提高，汽车的不断普及，人们对汽车乘坐时的舒适性要求越来越高，尤其对汽车的保温性与安静舒适性要求越来越高；因此，在汽车的制造过程中，对车辆的隔声降噪尤其重视，通过不同手段对汽车车体空腔进行填充降噪。
目前常见的汽车行业的空腔填充主要以聚氨酯类的双组份或单组份的常温膨胀胶和空腔注蜡的方式为主，聚氨酯膨胀胶在使用过程中存在耐温较差，容易受到后续工序的影响，同时存在膨胀压力大，对空腔的尺寸有一定影响，同时耐水性较差，在使用过程中，吸水容易老化，失去密封吸声隔热的功能。空腔注蜡的密封性相对较差，使用时容易出现密封性下降，空腔积水，又不易排出，造成车体金属件的腐蚀破坏。
本发明的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，在金属结构冲压或焊接前即预埋进空腔，在金属件后续的高温涂装工艺过程中受热膨胀，将空腔缝隙填满，实现阻隔、吸声、隔热的功能。
发明内容
一种用来生成高膨胀性泡沫材料的车身车体空腔填充材料。该材料受热时可以膨胀生成泡沫材料，形成屏障，防止噪声通过空气传播。将材料固定在车辆空腔内部，在汽车烤漆工艺中，让此材料处于电泳涂装烤炉温度下，该材料膨胀，生成低密度泡沫材料。该技术既可以实现有效的电泳涂装流淌通过，又可以最大限度的降低对空腔加热率的影响。由泡沫材料形成的三维填充体可以牢固地密封汽车空腔和小接缝，以堵塞汽车车身空腔，避免噪声通过空气传入车厢。
该材料采用热塑性弹性体与发泡剂、隔声填充材料混合加工成型，加热后发泡倍率为5~30倍，发泡温度可根据结构的成型温度进行调整，为120℃~180℃。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下优点：
（1）    其中含有隔声填充材料，同时弹性体具有良好的阻尼性，具有隔声吸声作用，较普通声学泡沫隔声综合效果好；
（2）    使用方便，不需专门加热，利用烤漆时的温度进行发泡，降低生产能耗，节能减排；
（3）    柔软、可卷曲，可适应不同形状的空腔填充；
（4）    发泡倍率高，能够很容易将空腔缝隙填满。
本发明就是为了解决现有隔声材料存在的问题而提供一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，由包含以下重量份的组分组成：
发泡母粒  30~50份；
隔声填充材料母粒  30~70份。
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒由包含以下重量份的组分制成：
弹性体 50-100份；
发泡剂 50-80份；
氧化锌 20-50份。
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒由包含以下重量份的组分制成：
弹性体 50-150份；
隔声填充材料 50-100份（硫酸钡、玻璃微球、蛭石粉、碳酸钙）；
增塑剂 20-50份。
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，除了所述发泡母粒和隔声填充材料母粒外，还可以添加0~ 5份季戊四醇，0~ 5份十八烷酸，0~ 5份过氧化二异丙苯。
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒发泡剂为碳酸氢钠、AC发泡剂、BOSH发泡剂、复合发泡剂中的一种或者几种；
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒弹性体为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）、乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）、TPE热塑性弹性体、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMA）、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）、聚氨酯（PU）、三元乙丙（EPDM）中的一种或者几种的混合物；
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒弹性体为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）、乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）、TPE热塑性弹性体、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMA）、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）、聚氨酯（PU）、三元乙丙（EPDM）中的一种或者几种的混合物。
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒隔声填充材料为玻璃微珠、硫酸钡、滑石粉、蛭石粉、硅石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、金属粉、陶瓷粉中的一种或几种；
所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒增塑剂选自石油树脂、石蜡、凡士林中的一种或几种。
 
本发明的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：
（1）制备发泡剂母粒
将50-100份弹性体、20~50份氧化锌、50-80份发泡剂在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌6~50分钟；
混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为60~120℃；切粒；
（2）制备隔声填充材料母粒
将50-150份弹性体 、50-100份隔声填充材料、20-50份增塑剂 在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌6~50分钟；
混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为60~120℃；切粒；
（3）制备空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料
将30~50份发泡母粒、30~70份隔声填充材料母粒、0~ 5份季戊四醇，0~ 5份十八烷酸，0~ 5份过氧化二异丙苯通过混料机混合均匀，用挤出机挤出成型，挤出温度为60~120℃，冷却温度为30℃。
（4）收卷，定长切割包装成品。
本发明的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料可以制成片状、板状、块状、棒状以及各种异型制品，用于汽车车体的空腔热膨胀填充材料，尤其是对隔声、减震、吸声、隔热同时有要求的部件。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是本发明材料结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合各实施例详细描述本发明。
实施例1
（1）制备发泡剂母粒
将100份弹性体、25份氧化锌、80份发泡剂在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌40分钟；混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为120℃；切粒；
（2）制备隔声填充材料母粒
将80份弹性体 、80份隔声填充材料、30份增塑剂 在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌40分钟；混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为120℃；切粒；
（3）制备空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料
将50份发泡母粒、30份隔声填充材料母粒、3份季戊四醇， 5份十八烷酸，3份过氧化二异丙苯通过混料机混合均匀，用挤出机挤出成型，挤出温度为120℃，冷却温度为30℃。
（4）   收卷，定长切割包装成品。

Claims (10)

1.一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，由包含以下重量份的组分组成：
发泡母粒  30~50份；
隔声填充材料母粒  30~70份。
2.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒由包含以下重量份的组分制成：
弹性体 50-100份；
发泡剂 20~50份；
氧化锌 20-50份。
3.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒由包含以下重量份的组分制成：
弹性体 50-150份；
隔声填充材料 50-100份；
增塑剂 20-50份。
4.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，除了所述发泡母粒和隔声填充材料母粒外，还可以添加0~ 5份季戊四醇，0~ 5份十八烷酸，0~ 5份过氧化二异丙苯。
5.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒发泡剂为碳酸氢钠、AC发泡剂、BOSH发泡剂、复合发泡剂中的一种或者几种。
6.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述发泡母粒弹性体为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）、乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）、TPE热塑性弹性体、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMA）、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）、聚氨酯（PU）、三元乙丙（EPDM）中的一种或者几种的混合物。
7.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒弹性体为乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物（EVA）、乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE）、TPE热塑性弹性体、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物（EMA）、乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯共聚物（EBA）、聚氨酯（PU）、三元乙丙（EPDM）中的一种或者几种的混合物。
8.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒隔声填充材料为玻璃微珠、硫酸钡、滑石粉、蛭石粉、硅石粉、云母粉、碳酸钙、金属粉、陶瓷粉中的一种或几种。
9.如权利1所述的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料，其特征在于，所述隔声填充材料母粒增塑剂选自石油树脂、石蜡、凡士林中的一种或几种。
10.本发明的空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
制备发泡剂母粒
将50-100份弹性体、20-50份氧化锌、50-80份发泡剂在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌6~50分钟；
混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为60~120℃；切粒；
制备隔声填充材料母粒
将50-150份弹性体 、50-100份隔声填充材料、20-50份增塑剂 在高速混合器中进行混合搅拌6~50分钟；
混合均匀后用双螺杆挤出机挤出，挤出温度为60~120℃；切粒；
制备空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料
将30~50份发泡母粒、30~70份隔声填充材料母粒、0~ 5份季戊四醇，0~ 5份十八烷酸，0~ 5份过氧化二异丙苯通过混料机混合均匀，用挤出机挤出成型，挤出温度为60~120℃，冷却温度为30℃；
收卷，定长切割包装成品。
CN201310677716.0A 2013-12-13 2013-12-13 一种空腔填充热膨胀隔声隔热材料及其制备方法 Pending CN103756109A (zh)

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