CN103751821A - Smoke disinfection method of tobacco seedling raising material - Google Patents
Smoke disinfection method of tobacco seedling raising material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103751821A CN103751821A CN201310748428.XA CN201310748428A CN103751821A CN 103751821 A CN103751821 A CN 103751821A CN 201310748428 A CN201310748428 A CN 201310748428A CN 103751821 A CN103751821 A CN 103751821A
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- tobacco seedling
- disinfectant
- seedling material
- sterilization method
- fumes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a smoke disinfection method of a tobacco seedling raising material, which comprises the following steps of releasing disinfector in a closed space through a smoke sprayer by adopting a special smoke agent carrier, and disinfecting the tobacco seedling raising material which is repeatedly used for many times. The problem that water-soluble disinfector cannot be applied through the smoke sprayer is solved. According to the smoke disinfection method of the tobacco seedling raising material, disinfector can be sufficiently contacted with the surface of a disinfected material; disinfector can play a role sufficiently; gonite, bacterial spore, fungus, mycobacteria, virus and the like attached to the surface of the disinfected material can be killed effectively; the smoke disinfection method of the tobacco seedling raising material is environmental friendly to the ambient environment and safe to people and livestock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of tobacco seedling materials disinfection, mainly relate to a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method.
Background technology
Tobacco floating seed rearing technology is a kind of unconventional booth intensive seedling production technology.It integrates the advantages such as soilless culture, water planting, Nutrition Soil cultivation, is current state-of-the-art a kind of seedling raising manners.The cigarette Seedling well developed root system of floating seedlings, growth are neat, strong sprout rate high, can break away from disease, worm, weeds harm that soil passes band, and be conducive to realize industrialization, commercialization and the modernization of growing seedlings.Its know-why is to be equipped with on the seedlings nursing plate of substrate tobacco seed is live, plate swims in the pond that fills nutritional solution, nutritional solution will be seeped into substrate on nutrient and moisture by capillarity, absorbs, thereby complete the whole process from seed germination, tobacco seedling growth to seedling for seedling.
In intensive raise seedling in greenhouse process, in order to reduce costs, the material require of growing seedlings of Nicotiana tabacum L. is repeatedly used, if the material of growing seedlings using is pollution-free or sterilization is thorough, the cigarette Seedling and the external world that are grown in hot house are substantially isolated, extraneous sick worm is difficult for importing into, and tobacco seedling growth in booth is healthy and strong, easy infection disease and pest not.But if the material of growing seedlings is contaminated or sterilization is not thorough, on the material of growing seedlings, have a large amount of pathogens and exist, cigarette Seedling is easy to occur disease.Meanwhile, because the cigarette Seedling density in seedbed is large, need again frequently repeatedly leaf-cutting, once indivedual cigarette Seedling is caught an illness, very easily by leaf-cutting process, in canopy, mutually propagate; Especially the sick propagation of tobacco mosaic viruses is faster, even causes the whole work failure of growing seedlings, and endangers larger.
The sterilization method of current domestic tobacco seedling facility is mainly chemical prevention method and physical control.Chemical prevention method has medicining liquid dipping method and spraying; Physical control has ultraviolet irradiation and high-temperature sterilization method.All these are prevented and treated in method, and application is at present the most general, Disinfection Effect the best way is medicining liquid dipping method and spraying, i.e. routine disinfection method.Disinfectant mainly contains bleaching powder, educates treasured, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, ethanol, quicklime, this beauteously, formalin, green pioneer, anti-bacteria and virus etc.; Using method is, after disinfectant and water are diluted by a certain percentage, culture facility to be soaked or sprayed, and reaches the object of sterilization.
The sterilization of material of growing seedlings is mainly the sterilization of carrying out repeating nonexpondable old seedlings nursing plate.General disinfectant solution spraying or the infusion method of adopting.Method is first to remove substrate and the residual body of cigarette Seedling sticking on old Seedling dish, and disinfectant solution is evenly sprayed to Miao Panshang, or Seedling dish is soaked to 20 minutes above rear piles in disinfectant solution, then with Polypropylence Sheet, covers, and seals 7～10 days under the sun.Utilize hot and humid and disinfectant, accelerate the death of the rotten and pathogen of the residual body of Nicotiana tabacum L. on Seedling dish, then with clear water, rinse well standby.
The sterilization of seedling growth greenhouse be mainly to around the place of growing seedlings, the sterilization of bow member and old canopy film.General disinfectant solution spraying and the fumigation and steaming method of adopting.Spraying is before growing seedlings 1 month, after other crops in booth are cleaned out, with aerosol apparatus, carries out spray disinfectant.Stifling rule need to shift to an earlier date 1～2 month, by this 60 times of disinfectant dilution beauteously, evenly waters and is sprinkled upon nursery pond and Chi Geng is upper, fumigates seedling growth greenhouse is airtight, and one time fumigation time is no less than 7 days, opens canopy and ventilate 2 days after 7 days; Within before growing seedlings 2～3 days, open canopy ventilated.
With regard to the intensive raise seedling in greenhouse of Nicotiana tabacum L., current routine disinfection method has the following disadvantages: the one, and time is long, operation sequence is many, take a lot of work, time-consuming, inefficiency; The 2nd, can not be by the requirement operation of disinfection technology working specification, disinfectant solution spray inhomogeneous, old Seedling dish soak time not, disinfectant solution passes in time drug effect and reduces gradually etc., sterilize inhomogeneous, not thorough; The 3rd, disinfectant is of a great variety, has plenty of highly toxic pesticide, uses easily to environment in a large number for a long time, easily causes site operation personnel poisoning, dangerous to the person; The 4th, routine disinfection method can not adapt to the code requirement at modernization tobacco seedling workshop; The 5th, tobacco mosaic viruses is sick to be occurred seriously.It is reported, there is ten thousand kilograms of the production loss 4180-9215 of tobacco virus in China every year, and quality loss is hundred million yuan of 4.47-8.32; Wherein more than 60% by tobacco mosaic viruses disease, caused, and cause this pathogenetic reason, 70% with nursery stage between cigarette Seedling to infect virus relevant, to leaf tobacco production, brought serious economic loss.
In recent years, fog machine often uses in agricultural, generally uses diesel oil as smog carrier, only has the organic dissipation medicine of cream class to use; But water-soluble and be insoluble to the dissipation medicine of organic liquid and just cannot have used for some, particularly as conventional disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, can not directly be dissolved in diesel oil, its solution is layering after mixing with diesel oil, can not form emulsion, cannot on fog machine, use, this has limited to the scope of application of fog machine greatly.
Summary of the invention
To the object of the invention is in order addressing the above problem, a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method to be provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprises the steps:
A. select airtight space, this space, except importing and exporting, seals other vent locations with plastic foil;
B. by random being deposited in above-mentioned airtight space of tobacco seedling material to be sterilized;
C. with water purification, be sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material, all surface of the material that makes to grow seedlings even water, and make the relative humidity in airtight space at least reach 90%;
D. take by weight 40-70 part aerosol carrier, take 10-20 part disinfectant, take 20-50 part water;
E. first above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stirred and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is slowly poured in disinfectant solution and is stirred to and evenly make aerosol disinfectant;
F. after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered, be injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine;
G. after completing steps f, enter in airtight space and to start smog sterilizing machine, make its ejection smog, smog sterilizing machine from lower air port gradually upwards air port move or directly from uptake dispenser, until smog enriches behind whole airtight space, with plastic foil, seal gateway;
H. the aerosol disinfectant of preparation should be used complete within half an hour;
I. by after the airtight 12-72 in above-mentioned space hour, open gateway and other vent locations, ventilation 48-96 hour, completes the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
Described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, also can be in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth arbitrary.
Described tobacco seedling material comprises floating seedling tray, raising tray, grows seedlings and use instrument.
Described disinfectant is compositions, contains chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
Described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
Described surfactant is non-ionic surface active agent.
Described non-ionic surface active agent is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
Described step e, f, g carry out when the sun is not strong.
Described step e, f, g carried out to 9 o'clock mornings when Afternoon Local Time 5.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
" tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method " of the present invention can make disinfectant play one's part to the full, pasteurization material surface can fully contact with disinfectant, can effectively kill the bacterial propagule that is attached to pasteurization material surface, bacterial spore, fungus, mycobacteria and virus etc.; To surrounding environmental protection, pollution-free, to person poultry safety.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment: a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprises the steps;
A. select airtight space, this space, except importing and exporting, seals other vent locations with plastic foil;
B. by random being deposited in above-mentioned airtight space of tobacco seedling material to be sterilized; The volume of tobacco seedling material and the volume ratio of confined space are not more than 1: 2;
C. with water purification, be sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material, all surface of the material that makes to grow seedlings even water, and make the relative humidity in confined space at least reach 90%; Abundant the water of tobacco seedling material can improve the absorbability of disinfectant and the uniformity, thereby reaches the object thoroughly of sterilizing.
D. take by weight 40-70 part aerosol carrier, take 10-20 part disinfectant, take 20-50 part water;
E. first above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stirred and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is slowly poured in disinfectant solution and is stirred to and evenly make aerosol disinfectant;
F. after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered, be injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine; In the process of mixing with disinfectant solution at aerosol carrier, can produce some bulk crystallizations, the medicine supplying pipe road system of sterilizing machine is easily stopped up in these crystallizations, therefore will filter; Effective ingredient in disinfectant easily produces and reacts with part composition in aerosol carrier in addition, and therefore mixed aerosol disinfectant should not be standing for a long time;
G. after completing steps f, enter in airtight space and to start smog sterilizing machine, make its ejection smog, sterilizing machine from lower air port gradually upwards air port move or directly from uptake dispenser, until smog enriches after whole confined space, use the gateway in plastic foil enclosing sterilizing space;
H. the aerosol disinfectant of preparation will be used complete within half an hour;
I. by after the airtight 12-72 in above-mentioned space hour, open gateway and other vent locations of confined space, ventilation 48-96 hour, completes the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
Described disinfectant is compositions, contains chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
Because the chlorine dioxide in above-mentioned disinfectant lost efficacy very fast under strong sunlight; Described step e, f, g preferably carry out when the sun is not strong; Or described step e, f, g also can preferably carry out to 9 o'clock mornings when Afternoon Local Time 5.
Described tobacco seedling material comprises floating seedling tray, raising tray, grows seedlings and use instrument.
Described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
Described surfactant is non-ionic surface active agent.
Described non-ionic surface active agent is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
Described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, can be also any in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth.In to tobacco seedling materials disinfection, also can carry out disinfection to whole seedling growth greenhouse.
Because disinfectant is chlorine dioxide, be generally powder, it is soluble in water and be insoluble in the Organic substances such as diesel oil, fog machine of the prior art is all to adopt diesel oil to use as carrier, ClO 2 solution can not form emulsion after mixing with diesel oil, and the carrier adopting in this method can mix with ClO 2 solution, form the emulsion of " Water-In-Oil ", and after smog sterilizing machine sprays, smog is carrying disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide can be effectively and the Surface Contact of tobacco seedling material, and can be dissolved in soon in the water of the material surface of growing seedlings, form chlorine dioxide disinfection liquid, As time goes on, the disinfectant solution concentration in tobacco seedling material surface water increases gradually, and Disinfection Effect significantly promotes, because smog is all-pervasive, and can fully contact with culture facility, thereby reach object even, thorough disinfection.Realized chlorine dioxide water-soluble and be insoluble to the disinfectant of Organic substance liquid, the effect that can use on fog machine.
The concrete proportioning of the aerosol carrier in above-described embodiment can be with reference to the proportioning of each embodiment in the description of Chinese patent 201210414311.3.
Claims (9)
1. a tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprises the steps:
A. select airtight space, this space, except importing and exporting, seals other vent locations with plastic foil;
B. tobacco seedling material to be sterilized is deposited in above-mentioned airtight space dispersedly;
C. with water purification, be sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material, make all surface of tobacco seedling material even water, and make the relative humidity in airtight space at least reach 90%;
D. take by weight 40-70 part aerosol carrier, take 10-20 part disinfectant, take 20-50 part water;
E. first above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stirred and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is slowly poured in disinfectant solution and is stirred to and evenly make aerosol disinfectant;
F. after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered, be injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine;
G. after completing steps f, enter in airtight space and to start smog sterilizing machine, make its ejection smog, smog sterilizing machine from lower air port gradually upwards air port move or directly from uptake dispenser, until smog enriches behind whole airtight space, with plastic foil, seal gateway;
H. the aerosol disinfectant of preparation should be used complete within half an hour;
I, by after the airtight 12-72 in above-mentioned space hour, opens gateway and other vent locations, and ventilation 48-96 hour, completes the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
2. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, also can be in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth arbitrary.
3. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tobacco seedling material comprises floating seedling tray, raising tray, grows seedlings and use instrument.
4. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described disinfectant is compositions, contains chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
5. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
6. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described surfactant is non-ionic surface active agent.
7. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described non-ionic surface active agent is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
8. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step e, f, g carry out when the sun is not strong.
9. tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step e, f, g carried out to 9 o'clock mornings when Afternoon Local Time 5.
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| CN201310748428.XA CN103751821B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method |
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| CN201310748428.XA CN103751821B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900432A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 郑州惠农有害生物防治有限公司 | A kind of method that smog prevents and treats booth vegetable pest and disease damage |
| CN114097759A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-01 | 白建保 | Ecological pest control method for warehouse space environment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870775A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 白建保 | Environment friendly aerosol carrier and aerosol prepared with same |
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- 2013-12-31 CN CN201310748428.XA patent/CN103751821B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870775A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 白建保 | Environment friendly aerosol carrier and aerosol prepared with same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106900432A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 郑州惠农有害生物防治有限公司 | A kind of method that smog prevents and treats booth vegetable pest and disease damage |
| CN114097759A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-01 | 白建保 | Ecological pest control method for warehouse space environment |
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| CN103751821B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210914 Address after: 450000 No. 814, floor 8, building 1, North West Nongke Road, Huayuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee after: ZHENGZHOU HUINONG PEST CONTROL Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450008 No. 7, Xinyuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee before: Bai Jianbao |
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