CN103751821B - Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method - Google Patents
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103751821B CN103751821B CN201310748428.XA CN201310748428A CN103751821B CN 103751821 B CN103751821 B CN 103751821B CN 201310748428 A CN201310748428 A CN 201310748428A CN 103751821 B CN103751821 B CN 103751821B
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Abstract
A kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method；Use special aerosol carrier, by fog machine, disinfectant is discharged in confined space, carry out disinfection to repeating nonexpondable tobacco seedling material.Solve the problem that water-soluble antiseptic agent can not be used through fog machine.The method can make disinfectant be fully contacted with pasteurization material surface, and disinfectant can be made to play one's part to the full, it is possible to effectively kills the bacterial propagule being attached to pasteurization material surface, bacterial spore, fungus, mycobacteria and virus etc.；To surrounding environmental protection, pollution-free, to person poultry safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of tobacco seedling materials disinfection, be directed primarily to a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method.
Background technology
Tobacco floating seed rearing technology is a kind of unconventional booth intensive seedling production technology.It integrates the advantages such as soilless culture, water planting, Nutrition Soil cultivation, is current state-of-the-art a kind of seedling raising manners.The tobacco root system of floating seedlings is flourishing, growth is neat, rate height in strong sprout, can break away from soil and pass the disease of band, worm, Weed infestation, and be advantageously implemented the industrialization of nursery, commercialization and modernization.Its know-why is equipped with on the seedlings nursing plate of substrate by live for tobacco seed, plate swims in the pond filling nutritional solution, nutritional solution will be seeped into substrate on nutrient and moisture by capillarity, absorbs for seedling, thus completes from seed germination, the whole process of tobacco seedling growth to seedling.
During intensive seedling in greenhouse, in order to reduce cost, the nursery material of Nicotiana tabacum L. needs repeatedly to use, if the nursery material used is pollution-free or sterilization is thorough, the tobacco seedlings being grown in hot house completely cuts off substantially with the external world, extraneous disease pest is difficult to incoming, and the tobacco seedling growth in booth is healthy and strong, not easy infection pest and disease damage.But if nursery material is contaminated or sterilization is not thorough, nursery material has substantial amounts of pathogen and exists, tobacco seedlings is easy to disease.Simultaneously as the tobacco seedlings density in seedbed is big, needing again frequently repeatedly leaf-cutting, once indivedual tobacco seedlings are caught an illness, and are easily mutually propagated in canopy by leaf-cutting process；Especially tobacco mosaic viruses disease is propagated faster, even causes whole nursery to work unsuccessfully, endangers bigger.
The sterilization method of current domestic tobacco seedling facility is mainly chemical prevention method and physical control.Chemical prevention method has medicining liquid dipping method and spraying；Physical control has ultraviolet irradiation and high-temperature sterilization.In all these prevention and controls, application at present is the most universal, Disinfection Effect the best way is medicining liquid dipping method and spraying, i.e. conventional disinfection method.Disinfectant mainly have bleaching powder, educate treasured, chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, ethanol, quick lime, this beauteously, formalin, green pioneer, anti-bacteria and virus etc.；Using method be disinfectant and water are diluted by a certain percentage after, culture facility is soaked or sprays, reach sterilization purpose.
The sterilization of nursery material is mainly to repeating the sterilization that nonexpondable old seedlings nursing plate is carried out.General employing disinfectant solution spraying or infusion method.Method is first to remove to stick to the substrate on old Seedling dish and tobacco seedlings residuum, disinfectant solution is uniformly sprayed at Miao Panshang, or Seedling dish soaks in disinfectant solution more than 20 minutes rear piles, then cover with Polypropylence Sheet, seal 7～10 days under the sun.Utilize hot and humid and disinfectant, accelerate the death with pathogen of rotting of Nicotiana tabacum L. residuum on Seedling dish, then rinse well with clear water standby.
The sterilization of seedling growth greenhouse mainly to around nursery place, bow member and the sterilization of old canopy film.General employing disinfectant solution spraying and fumigation and steaming method.Spraying is in nursery first 1 month, after being cleaned out by other crops in booth, carries out spray disinfectant with aerosol apparatus.Stifling rule needs in advance 1～2 months, by this beauteously disinfectant dilute 60 times, uniformly water and be sprinkled upon on nursery pond and Chi Geng, fumigate airtight for seedling growth greenhouse, a fumigation time, no less than 7 days, is opened canopy and is ventilated 2 days after 7 days；Within before nursery 2～3 days, open canopy ventilated.
For the intensive seedling in greenhouse of Nicotiana tabacum L., current conventional disinfection method has the disadvantage that one to be time length, operation sequence is many, take a lot of work, time-consuming, inefficiency；Two is can not to operate by the requirement of disinfection technology working specification, and disinfectant solution sprinkling Seedling dish soak time uneven, old is inadequate, disinfectant solution elapses drug effect in time and is gradually lowered, and sterilizes uneven, the most thorough；Three is that disinfectant is of a great variety, has plenty of highly toxic pesticide, and long-term a large amount of uses, easily to environment, are easily caused site operation personnel's poisoning, dangerous to the person；Four is the code requirement that conventional disinfection method does not adapt to modernize tobacco seedling workshop；Five is that tobacco mosaic viruses disease occurs seriously.It is reported, there is the production loss 4180-9215 ten thousand kilograms of tobacco virus in China, quality loss 4.47-8.32 hundred million yuan every year；Wherein 60% being above being caused by tobacco mosaic viruses disease, and cause this pathogenetic reason, 70% to infect virus with tobacco seedlings during nursery relevant, brings serious economic loss to leaf tobacco production.
In recent years, fog machine is the most commonly used, and general diesel oil is as smog carrier, and only cream class organic dissipation medicine could use；But water is dissolved in for some and just cannot employ for dissipation medicine insoluble in organic liquid, particularly such as conventional disinfection drugs such as chlorine dioxide, can not be directly dissolved in diesel oil, its solution is layering after mixing with diesel oil, can not form emulsion, cannot use on fog machine, this has greatly limited to the range of fog machine.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems referred to above, it is provided that a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method.
The technical scheme is that a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprise the steps:
A. selecting airtight space, this space is in addition to importing and exporting, by other vent locations of plastic film seal；
B. by random being deposited in above-mentioned airtight space of tobacco seedling material to be sterilized；
C. it is sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material with water purification, the water that makes all surface of nursery material uniformly, and makes the relative humidity in airtight space be at least up to 90%；
Weigh 40-70 part aerosol carrier the most by weight, weigh 10-20 part disinfectant, weigh 20-50 part water；
The most above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stir and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is poured slowly in disinfectant solution and is stirred until homogeneous make aerosol disinfectant；
F. it is injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered；
G. after completing step f, starting smog sterilizing machine in entering airtight space so that it is ejection smog, smog sterilizing machine moves from the most upwards air port, lower air port or directly from uptake dispenser, until after smog enriches whole airtight space, enclosing entrance with plastic foil；
H. the aerosol disinfectant prepared should be used complete within half an hour；
I. by after above-mentioned airtight space 12-72 hour, open gateway and other vent locations, ventilation 48-96 hour, complete the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
Described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, it is also possible to arbitrary in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth.
Described tobacco seedling material includes floating seedling tray, raising tray, nursery instrument.
Described disinfectant is compositions, containing chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
Described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
Described surfactant is nonionic surfactant.
Described nonionic surfactant is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
Described step e, f, g are carried out when the sun is the strongest.
Described step e, f, g when Afternoon Local Time 5 to morning 9 time carry out.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
" the tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method " of the present invention can make disinfectant play one's part to the full, pasteurization material surface can be fully contacted with disinfectant, it is possible to effectively kills the bacterial propagule being attached to pasteurization material surface, bacterial spore, fungus, mycobacteria and virus etc.；To surrounding environmental protection, pollution-free, to person poultry safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment: a kind of tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprises the steps；
A. selecting airtight space, this space is in addition to importing and exporting, by other vent locations of plastic film seal；
B. by random being deposited in above-mentioned airtight space of tobacco seedling material to be sterilized；The volume of tobacco seedling material and the volume ratio of confined space are not more than 1: 2；
C. it is sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material with water purification, the water that makes all surface of nursery material uniformly, and makes the relative humidity in confined space be at least up to 90%；Tobacco seedling material fully water can improve the absorbability to disinfectant and the uniformity, thus the purpose thoroughly that reaches to sterilize.
Weigh 40-70 part aerosol carrier the most by weight, weigh 10-20 part disinfectant, weigh 20-50 part water；
The most above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stir and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is poured slowly in disinfectant solution and is stirred until homogeneous make aerosol disinfectant；
F. it is injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered；Can produce the crystallization of some bulks with disinfectant solution during aerosol carrier mixes, these crystallizations easily block the medicine supplying pipe road system of sterilizing machine, therefore to filter；Additionally the effective ingredient in disinfectant is easy and in aerosol carrier, fractions produces reaction, and the most mixed aerosol disinfectant should not stand for a long time；
G. after completing step f, starting smog sterilizing machine in entering airtight space so that it is ejection smog, sterilizing machine moves from the most upwards air port, lower air port or directly from uptake dispenser, until after smog enriches whole confined space, with the gateway in plastic foil enclosing sterilizing space；
H. the aerosol disinfectant prepared to be used complete within half an hour；
I. by after above-mentioned airtight space 12-72 hour, open gateway and other vent locations of confined space, ventilation 48-96 hour, complete the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
Described disinfectant is compositions, containing chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
Owing to the chlorine dioxide in above-mentioned disinfectant lost efficacy comparatively fast under strong sunlight；Described step e, f, g are preferably carried out when the sun is the strongest；Or described step e, f, g can also preferably when Afternoon Local Time 5 to morning 9 time carry out.
Described tobacco seedling material includes floating seedling tray, raising tray, nursery instrument.
Described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
Described surfactant is nonionic surfactant.
Described nonionic surfactant is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
Described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, it is also possible to for any one in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth.Whole seedling growth greenhouse can also be carried out disinfection while to tobacco seedling materials disinfection.
Owing to disinfectant is chlorine dioxide, generally powder, it is soluble in water and does not dissolves in the Organic substances such as diesel oil, fog machine of the prior art is all to use diesel oil to use as carrier, ClO 2 solution can not form emulsion after mixing with diesel oil, and the carrier employed in this method can mix with ClO 2 solution, form the emulsion of " Water-In-Oil ", and after smog sterilizing machine sprays, smog carries disinfection agent of chlorine dioxide and can effectively surface with tobacco seedling material contact, and can be dissolved in soon in the water of nursery material surface, form chlorine dioxide disinfection liquid；As time goes on, the disinfectant solution concentration in tobacco seedling material surface water is gradually increased, and Disinfection Effect significantly promotes；Owing to smog is all-pervasive, and can be fully contacted with culture facility, thus reach uniform, the purpose of thorough disinfection.Achieve chlorine dioxide and be dissolved in water and disinfectant insoluble in Organic substance liquid, the effect that can use on fog machine.
The concrete proportioning of the aerosol carrier in above-described embodiment refers to the proportioning of each embodiment in the description of Chinese patent 201210414311.3.
Claims (9)
1. a tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method, comprises the steps:
A. selecting airtight space, this space is in addition to importing and exporting, by other vent locations of plastic film seal；
B. tobacco seedling material to be sterilized is deposited in above-mentioned airtight space dispersedly；
C. it is sprayed on above-mentioned tobacco seedling material with water purification, the water that makes all surface of tobacco seedling material uniformly, and makes the relative humidity in airtight space be at least up to 90%；
Weigh 40-70 part aerosol carrier the most by weight, weigh 10-20 part disinfectant, weigh 20-50 part water；
The most above-mentioned disinfectant is slowly dissolved in water and stir and make disinfectant solution, then aerosol carrier is poured slowly in disinfectant solution and is stirred until homogeneous make aerosol disinfectant；
F. it is injected into immediately in smog sterilizing machine after above-mentioned aerosol disinfectant being filtered；
G. after completing step f, starting smog sterilizing machine in entering airtight space so that it is ejection smog, smog sterilizing machine moves from the most upwards air port, lower air port or directly from uptake dispenser, until after smog enriches whole airtight space, enclosing entrance with plastic foil；
H. the aerosol disinfectant prepared should be used complete within half an hour；
I, by after above-mentioned airtight space 12-72 hour, opens gateway and other vent locations, ventilation 48-96 hour, completes the sterilization of tobacco seedling material.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described airtight space is tobacco seedling canopy, it is also possible to arbitrary in green house of vegetables, flower shed, edible fungus culturing booth, warmhouse booth.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tobacco seedling material includes floating seedling tray, raising tray, nursery instrument.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described disinfectant is compositions, containing chlorine dioxide 2-18 weight portion, sodium chloride 70-100 weight portion.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described aerosol carrier comprises vegetable oil or modified vegetable oil 14-19 weight portion, surfactant 1-10 weight portion.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described surfactant is nonionic surfactant.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described nonionic surfactant is any one in alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, high-carbon fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene carboxylate.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step e, f, g are carried out when the sun is the strongest.
Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step e, f, g when Afternoon Local Time 5 to morning 9 time carry out.
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| CN201310748428.XA CN103751821B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method |
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| CN201310748428.XA CN103751821B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Tobacco seedling material fumes sterilization method |
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| CN103751821A CN103751821A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| CN103751821B true CN103751821B (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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| CN106900432A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-30 | 郑州惠农有害生物防治有限公司 | A kind of method that smog prevents and treats booth vegetable pest and disease damage |
| CN114097759A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-01 | 白建保 | Ecological pest control method for warehouse space environment |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102870775A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 白建保 | Environment friendly aerosol carrier and aerosol prepared with same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870775A (en) * | 2012-10-26 | 2013-01-16 | 白建保 | Environment friendly aerosol carrier and aerosol prepared with same |
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Effective date of registration: 20210914 Address after: 450000 No. 814, floor 8, building 1, North West Nongke Road, Huayuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee after: ZHENGZHOU HUINONG PEST CONTROL Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450008 No. 7, Xinyuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee before: Bai Jianbao |
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