CN103718815B - A kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest - Google Patents
A kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718815B CN103718815B CN201410004127.0A CN201410004127A CN103718815B CN 103718815 B CN103718815 B CN 103718815B CN 201410004127 A CN201410004127 A CN 201410004127A CN 103718815 B CN103718815 B CN 103718815B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest, namely in the planting season of narrow leaved tea tree in 2 ~ April, in the surrounding and booth of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, plant narrow leaved tea tree, the aromatic oil smell utilizing narrow leaved tea tree to distribute prevents and treats the insect pest in flameray gerbera planting process.The aromatic oil smell that the present invention utilizes narrow leaved tea tree to distribute has stronger anthelmintic action, in conjunction with chemical pesticide, the Major Pests in flameray gerbera planting process is prevented and treated, control efficiency identical with it can be played on the basis significantly reducing pesticide dosage, not only can reduce the impact of chemical pesticide on environment, also capable of purifying air.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pest control field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of flameray gerbera Major Pests biological control.
Background technology
Narrow leaved tea tree (
melaleucaahemifolia) be also called tea oil tree, be Myrtaceae (
myrtaceae), Melaleuca (
melaleuea1) woody plant, many arbors, some shrub, can grow 2-30 rice high, belong to evergreen tree, and bark can peel off from level to level, therefore named " thousand layers of tree ".Leaf is 1-25 centimeter length, and 0.5-7 centimetre wide, the smooth of the edge, and color is from dark green to grayish green; Flower along trunk growth, color adularescent, pink, redness, yellow and green; Capsule, eachly includes several seed.Narrow leaved tea tree main product, in New South Wales, Australia continent north Coast, there will be a known 236 kinds at present, and wherein 230 kinds originate in Australia, and all the other growths are in Indonesia, New Guinea, New Caledonia and Malaysia.Narrow leaved tea tree tree well developed root system, can prevent erosion, and wind resistance, drought resisting, waterlogging-resistant ability are strong; Have antibacterial, bactericidal action, the aromatic oil smell distributed not only expelling parasite can catch up with mosquito, reduces plant pest risk, also can purify woodland air; Environmental protection, pollution-free to soil, do not produce the material of any contaminated environment, go back the heavy metal substance in Absorbable rod soil, purification soil, improves soil quality.
Flameray gerbera (
gerberajamesoniiBolus) be the perennial root herbaceous plant of composite family Gerbera, be one of large cut-flower in the world five, its flower is very large, and spray is tall and straight, and Vase time is long, has again the meaning of " helping man, cause prosperity ", thus enjoys the favor of consumer.Flameray gerbera Cultivation Techniques in Solar Greenhouse high financial profit, growth momentum are good, but can produce various insect pest in the course of cultivation, and its Major Pests has aphid, two spotted spider mite, trialeurodes vaporariorum, Liriomyza etc.The method of general pest control adopts the aggregate measures such as agricultural, physics, chemical control: 1. cultivate without worm seedling, worm seedling does not enter canopy; Worm canopy is had not plant seedling, uproot weeds before warm canopy field planting.2. warm canopy leaks informaton on mouth, door and ventilating opening and installs fly net, does not allow the insects such as aphid fly in canopy.3. aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, Liriomyza etc. have stronger taxis to orange-yellow, and in warm canopy, available orange-yellow haftplatte trapping has wing adult, and can be used for prediction, as the foundation of chemical control.4. once find harm, use fumicants smoked kill night, the conventional clean fumicants of aphid lice etc. is lighted between the lights, and at a vexed night, next day leaks informaton.5. morning, at dusk, aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum adult hide at the young leaflet tablet back side, growing point top more, ability of migrating, pesticides available spraying control, chemical agent is used alternatingly, and in whole flameray gerbera process of growth, periodically sprinkle miticide.Generally within every 3 ~ 4 weeks, spray 1 time at ordinary times; Spray 1 time at acarid every about 10 days of the initial stage of harm, within when endangering serious every 5 ~ 7 days, spray 1 time, continuous 4 ~ 5 times.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method for a kind of flameray gerbera Major Pests biological control, by planting narrow leaved tea tree in flameray gerbera planting greenhouse surrounding and booth, the aromatic oil smell utilizing narrow leaved tea tree to distribute has stronger anthelmintic action, preventive and therapeutic effect is played to the Major Pests in flameray gerbera planting process, control efficiency identical with it can be played on the basis significantly reducing pesticide dosage, not only reduce the impact of chemical pesticide on environment, also capable of purifying air.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
In the planting season of narrow leaved tea tree in 2 ~ April, in the surrounding and booth of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, plant narrow leaved tea tree, the aromatic oil smell utilizing narrow leaved tea tree to distribute prevents and treats the insect pest in flameray gerbera planting process.
The concrete implantation methods of narrow leaved tea tree is as follows:
1) at the uptake of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, the area of distance planting greenhouse 2.0m, plantation 5 ~ 7 row narrow leaved tea tree, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
2) in its excess-three face of distance flameray gerbera planting greenhouse 2.0m, plant 1 ~ 2 row's narrow leaved tea tree respectively, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
3) in the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse of area≤3 mu, by the plantation pattern plantation narrow leaved tea tree of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre; Single planting greenhouse area is more than 3 mu, interval, every 3 mu of ground plantation 1 row narrow leaved tea tree, thus is divided into several flameray gerbera planter units by whole plantation zoning, then in the planter units of each area≤3 mu, by the plantation pattern plantation narrow leaved tea tree of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre.
Described biological control method prevents and treats flameray gerbera Major Pests, comprises aphid, liriomyza bryoniae, trialeurodes vaporariorum.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is by interplanting cultivation narrow leaved tea tree inside and outside flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, utilizes natural protective barrier to prevent and treat insect pest in conjunction with traditional chemical agricultural chemicals, not only can reduce pesticide cost, also can greatly reduce labor cost.
(2) the aromatic oil smell that narrow leaved tea tree gives out not only expelling parasite can catch up with mosquito, reduces plant pest risk, also can purify woodland air.
(3) utilize narrow leaved tea tree to carry out pest control, not only do not produce the material of any contaminated environment, go back the heavy metal substance in Absorbable rod soil, improve soil quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is first and second embodiment schematic diagram of plantation narrow leaved tea tree trees, in figure the direction of arrow be natural wind to;
Fig. 2 is the 3rd embodiment schematic diagram of plantation narrow leaved tea tree trees, in figure the direction of arrow be natural wind to;
Reference numeral: 10 is the growing area of the outer narrow leaved tea tree trees of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, and 20 is flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, 30 is the growing area of narrow leaved tea tree trees in flameray gerbera planting greenhouse.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As Fig. 1, a kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest, its concrete grammar is as follows:
1) at long 38.5m, the uptake of the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse of wide 35m, shoulder height 2.5m, height overall 4.2m, the area of distance planting greenhouse 2.0m, plantation 7 row narrow leaved tea tree, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
2) in its excess-three face of distance flameray gerbera planting greenhouse 2.0m, plant 1 row's narrow leaved tea tree respectively, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
3) flameray gerbera planting greenhouse garden area is 2 mu, and plant 20 strain narrow leaved tea trees by the plantation pattern of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre.
Embodiment two
As Fig. 1, a kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest, its concrete grammar is as follows:
1) at long 50m, the uptake of the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse of wide 40m, shoulder height 2.5m, height overall 4.2m, the area of distance planting greenhouse 2.0m, plantation 5 row narrow leaved tea tree, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
2) in its excess-three face of distance flameray gerbera planting greenhouse 2.0m, plant 2 row's narrow leaved tea trees respectively, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
3) flameray gerbera planting greenhouse garden area is 3 mu, and plant 30 strain narrow leaved tea trees by the plantation pattern of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre.
Embodiment three
As Fig. 2, a kind of biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest, its concrete grammar is as follows:
1) at long 83.5m, the uptake of the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse of wide 40m, shoulder height 2.5m, height overall 4.2m, the area of distance planting greenhouse 2.0m, plantation 6 row narrow leaved tea tree, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
2) in its excess-three face of distance flameray gerbera planting greenhouse 2.0m, plant 2 row's narrow leaved tea trees respectively, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
3) in the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse garden that cultivated area is 5 mu, interval, every 3 mu of ground plantation 1 row narrow leaved tea tree, thus whole plantation zoning is divided into 2 flameray gerbera planter units, in each planter units, by the plantation pattern plantation narrow leaved tea tree of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre.
The current common method to flameray gerbera pest control, hang a yellow plate at flameray gerbera growth belt every the position of 2 meters, the 20cm place, height distance flameray gerbera flower top of yellow plate, after using one week, the yellow plate of more than 90% area can adhere to the various insects such as aphid, liriomyza bryoniae, trialeurodes vaporariorum; While using physical method, adopt the chemical measure regularly spraying the agricultural chemicals killing insect pest, insect pest can be made to greatly reduce.Although the method for this control of insect controls the harm of insect pest to flameray gerbera plant to a certain extent, labor cost strengthens, part insects easily morph and produce resistance to agricultural chemicals, from and insects may be impelled more wantonly to breed, therefore, a great problem has also been become to the periodic replacement of agricultural chemicals.
By method plantation narrow leaved tea tree of the present invention, topdress after plantation 1 ~ 2 time, topdress based on application of mixed fertilizers, amount of application is by N, P, K effective content, be respectively N13kg/ mu, P10kg/ mu, K10kg/ mu, in mixing fertilizer, the mass fraction of the content of organic matter is 10% ~ 30%, and other trace elements are determined according to soil regime; The trees of 2 meters high can be grown up to after 8 months, start to play insect pest protective action.The aromatic oil smell that distributes of these seeds can the effective insect such as repellent aphid, liriomyza bryoniae, trialeurodes vaporariorum, in conjunction with suitable chemical medical treatment, can play control efficiency identical with it on the basis significantly reducing pesticide dosage.Find through statistics, before utilizing the inventive method, the pesticide cost every year for flameray gerbera pest control is about 1200 yuan/mu, drops to about 450 yuan/mu, greatly reduce pesticide control cost by this cost after the inventive method plantation.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, all equalizations done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should belong to covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the biological control method of a flameray gerbera insect pest, it is characterized in that: in the planting season of narrow leaved tea tree in 2 ~ April, in the surrounding and booth of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, plant narrow leaved tea tree, the aromatic oil smell utilizing narrow leaved tea tree to distribute prevents and treats the insect pest in flameray gerbera planting process;
The concrete implantation methods of narrow leaved tea tree is as follows:
1) at the uptake of flameray gerbera planting greenhouse, the area of distance planting greenhouse 2.0m, plantation 5 ~ 7 row narrow leaved tea tree, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
2) in its excess-three face of distance flameray gerbera planting greenhouse 2.0m, plant 1 ~ 2 row's narrow leaved tea tree respectively, spacing in the rows is 1.0m;
3) in the flameray gerbera planting greenhouse of area≤3 mu, by the plantation pattern plantation narrow leaved tea tree of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre; Single planting greenhouse area is more than 3 mu, interval, every 3 mu of ground plantation 1 row narrow leaved tea tree, thus is divided into several flameray gerbera planter units by whole plantation zoning, then in the planter units of each area≤3 mu, by the plantation pattern plantation narrow leaved tea tree of " Z " font, density is 10 plants/acre.
2. the biological control method of flameray gerbera insect pest according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described biological control method prevents and treats the Major Pests of flameray gerbera, comprises aphid, liriomyza bryoniae, trialeurodes vaporariorum.
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| CN105152796B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-11-02 | 广州扬辰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of vegetation water and its preparation method and application |
| CN107466619A (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2017-12-15 | 河南职业技术学院 | A kind of interplanting method that can effectively reduce winter-spring season African Chrysanthemum pest and disease damage in heliogreenhouse |
| CN106069115A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏飞扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of African Chrysanthemum |
| CN108040769B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2020-06-05 | 吉林大学 | Method for preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests of polygonatum sibiricum by interplanting mint and chinaberry |
| CN114617012A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-06-14 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | Green control method for trapping and killing gerbera jamesonii pests |
Citations (1)
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| CN102428973A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-05-02 | 浙江农林大学 | Agricultural pesticide with essential oil and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102428973A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-05-02 | 浙江农林大学 | Agricultural pesticide with essential oil and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
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| 互叶白千层;佚名;《http://baike.baidu.com/history/50438861》;20130930 * |
| 害虫生物防治新概念——生物防治植物及创新研究;肖英方 等;《中国生物防治学报》;20130228;第29卷(第1期);1-10 * |
| 芳香地被植物普列薄荷驱虫在樱桃园应用研究;马延康 等;《陕西林业科技》;20101231(第6期);10-12 * |
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