CN103718239B - 在具有适应性噪音消除（anc）的个人语音设备中带限抗噪音 - Google Patents

在具有适应性噪音消除（anc）的个人语音设备中带限抗噪音 Download PDF

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CN103718239B
CN103718239B CN201280038460.2A CN201280038460A CN103718239B CN 103718239 B CN103718239 B CN 103718239B CN 201280038460 A CN201280038460 A CN 201280038460A CN 103718239 B CN103718239 B CN 103718239B
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杰弗里·奥尔德森
N·卡瓦特拉
G·D·卡马斯
阿里·阿卜杜拉扎德米拉尼
约翰·L·梅安森
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    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
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    • G10K11/17815—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the reference signals and the error signals, i.e. primary path
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    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
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Abstract

一种个人语音设备，例如无线电话，包括噪音消除电路，其适应性地从参考麦克风信号（ref）产生抗噪音信号，并且将该抗噪音信号注入到扬声器或其他传感器输出以导致周围语音声音的消除。误差麦克风（err）也可以提供在扬声器附近以测量传感器的输出以便控制抗噪音信号的调适和以估计从噪音消除电路穿过传感器的电声音路径。执行适应性噪音消除功能的处理电路（30A）也调整（37A）抗噪音信号相对于参考麦克风信号的频率响应，和/或独立于由参考麦克风信号提供的调适调整（39）适应性滤波器的响应。

Description

在具有适应性噪音消除（ANC）的个人语音设备中带限抗噪音
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及一种包括噪音消除的人语音设备例如无线电话，并且更具体地，涉及一种在其中对抗噪音信号进行带限以使得ANC操作更有效的个人语音设备。
背景技术
无线电话例如移动电话／蜂窝式电话、无绳电话及其他消费性语音装置例如mp3播放器和听筒或耳机应用广泛。可通过使用麦克风测量周围声事件及随后使用信号处理将抗噪音信号插入至装置的输出中以消除周围声事件，来提供噪音消除从而改进这些装置在清晰度方面的效能。
由于围绕个人语音设备，例如无线电话，的声环境可能发生极大变化，该声环境取决于所存在的噪音源及装置本身的位置，故需调适噪音消除以考虑这些环境变化。但是，适应性噪音消除电路可能是复杂的；消耗额外电力且在特定情况下可能产生非所要的结果。
因此，需提供一种在可变声环境中提供噪音消除的个人语音设备，包含无线电话。
发明内容
以一种个人语音设备、一种操作方法及一种集成电路完成提供在可变声环境中提供噪音消除的个人语音设备的上述目的。所述方法是个人语音设备和可以结合到该个人语音设备中的集成电路的操作方法。
个人语音设备包含外壳，传感器安装在外壳上用于重现包含用于对听者播放的源语音及用于对抗周围语音声音在传感器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者的语音信号。参考麦克风安装在外壳上以提供指示周围语音声音的参考麦克风信号。个人语音设备进一步包含外壳内的适应性噪音消除（ANC）处理电路，用于适应性地从参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号以便抗噪音信号导致周围语音声音的显著消除。包含误差麦克风用于控制抗噪音信号的调适以消除周围语音声音以及用于校正从处理电路的输出穿过传感器的电声音路径。ANC处理电路通过塑形抗噪音的频率响应到参考麦克风信号和/或通过独立于相对于参考麦克风信号的适应性控制调整适应性滤波器的响应来避免产生扰乱的、无效的或折损在某些频率范围内的性能的抗噪音。
如附图所示，可更具体地从本发明的较佳实施例的下列描述中了解本发明的上述及其他目的、特征及优点。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的实施例的无线电话10的图解。
图2为根据本发明的实施例的无线电话10内的电路的方框图。
图3A-图3E为描绘根据本发明的各个实施例的图2的CODEC集成电路20的ANC电路30内的信号处理电路及功能块的方框图。
图4A和图4B为描绘根据本发明的集成电路内的信号处理电路及功能块的方框图。
具体实施方式
本发明涵盖噪音消除技术及可在例如无线电话的个人语音设备中实施的电路。个人语音设备包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路，该适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路测量周围声环境并产生注入扬声器（或其他传感器）输出中以消除周围声音事件的适应性抗噪音信号。提供参考麦克风以测量周围声环境，并且包含误差麦克风以控制抗噪音信号的调适来消除周围语音事件以及以提供从ANC电路的输出穿过扬声器的电声音路径的估计。ANC处理电路通过塑形抗噪音的频率响应到参考麦克风信号和/或通过独立于相对于参考麦克风信号的适应性控制调整适应性滤波器的响应来避免产生扰乱的、无效的或折损在某些频率范围内的性能的抗噪音。
现参考图1，根据本发明的实施例所示的无线电话10展示为邻近人的耳部5。所示的无线电话10为可采用根据本发明的实施例的技术的装置的实例，但是应了解并非需要所示的无线电话10或后续图解中所描绘的电路中所体现的元件或组态的全部以实践申请专利范围中所述的本发明。无线电话10包含传感器，例如扬声器SPKR，其重现无线电话10所接收的远端语音连同其他本端语音事件例如铃声、所储存的语音节目材料、近端语音（即无线电话10的使用者的语音）的注入以提供平衡的会话感知及需通过无线电话10重现的其他语音，例如来自网页的源或无线电话10所接收的其他网络通信及语音指示，例如电池低及其他系统事件通告。提供近端语音麦克风NS以捕捉近端语音，该近端语音从无线电话10传输至其他会话参与者。
无线电话10包含适应性噪音消除(ANC)电路及特征，它们将抗噪音信号注入至扬声器SPKR中以改进远端语音及扬声器SPKR所重现的其他语音的清晰度。参考麦克风R提供用于测量周围声环境且为定位为远离使用者的嘴部的典型位置，使得近端语音在参考麦克风R所产生的信号中最小化。提供第三麦克风（误差麦克风E）以通过当无线电话10紧邻耳部5时提供周围语音与在误差麦克风参考位置ERP处靠近耳部5的扬声器SPKR所重现的语音的组合的测量而进一步改进ANC操作。无线电话10内的例示性电路14包含语音CODEC集成电路20，该语音CODEC集成电路20接收来自参考麦克风R、近端语音麦克风NS及误差麦克风E的信号并与其他集成电路例如含有无线电话收发器的RF集成电路12对接。在本发明的其他实施例中，本文所揭示的电路及技术可结合到单个集成电路，该单个集体电路含有用于实施整个个人语音设备，例如MP3播放器单晶片集成电路的控制电路及其他功能性。
一般而言，本发明的ANC技术测量撞击在参考麦克风R上的环境声事件（与扬声器SPKR和／或近端语音的输出相反），且也通过测量撞击在误差麦克风E上的相同环境声事件，所示的无线电话10的ANC处理电路调适从参考麦克风R的输出产生的抗噪音信号从而具有使误差麦克风E上、即在误差麦克风参考位置ERP处的环境声音事件的振幅最小化的特性。由于声路径P(z)从参考麦克风R延伸至误差麦克风E，所以ANC电路实质上估计声路径P(z)结合去除电声路径S(z)的影响，该电声路径S(z)代表CODEC集成电路（IC）20的语音输出电路的响应及扬声器SPKR的声／电转移函数（包含特定声环境中扬声器SPKR与误差麦克风E之间的耦合），该电声路径S(z)受耳部5及其他实物的近接性和结构和当无线电话未牢固地压至耳部5时可能邻近无线电话10的其他实物和人的头部结构的影响。由于无线电话10的用户实际上在鼓膜参考位置DRP处听到扬声器SPKR的输出，所以由耳道的响应、以及在误差麦克风参考位置ERP与鼓膜参考位置DRP之间的空间距离塑形在由误差麦克风E产生的信号与用户实际听到的信号之间的差值。在较高频率，空间差值产生降低ANC系统的效果的多路径空值，并且在一些情况下会增加周围噪音。虽然所示的无线电话10包含具有第三近端语音麦克风NS的双麦克风ANC系统，但是本发明的一些方面可实践为不包含单独误差麦克风及参考麦克风的系统，或者无线电话使用近端语音麦克风NS以执行参考麦克风R的功能。此外，在仅设计用于语音播放的个人语音设备中，通常不包含近端语音麦克风NS且在不改变本发明的范畴的情况下可省略下文更详细描述的电路中的近端语音信号路径。
现参考图2，无线电话10内的电路以方框图展示。CODEC集成电路20包含：模数转换器（ADC）21A，其用于接收参考麦克风信号及产生参考麦克风信号的数位表示ref；ADC21B，其用于接收误差麦克风信号及产生误差麦克风信号的数位表示err；及ADC21C，其用于接收近端语音麦克风信号及产生近端语音麦克风信号的数位表示ns。CODECIC20从放大器A1产生用于驱动扬声器SPKR的输出，该放大器A1放大接收组合器26的输出的数模转换器(DAC)23的输出。组合器26组合来自内部语音源24的语音信号、ANC电路30所产生的抗噪音信号（其已知具有与参考麦克风信号ref中的噪音相同的极性且因此被组合器26减除）、近端语音麦克风信号ns的一部分以便无线电话10的使用者听到其自己与下行链路语音ds成适当关联的声音，该下行链路语音ds接收自射频（RF）集成电路22且也被组合器26组合。近端语音麦克风信号ns也被提供至RF集成电路22且作为上行链路语音经由天线ANT传输给服务提供者。
现参考图3A，根据本发明的实施例展示ANC电路30A的细节，其可以使用来实施图2的ANC电路30。适应性滤波器32接收参考麦克风信号ref且在理想情况下将它的转移函数调适为W(z)为P(z)/S(z)以产生抗噪音信号。通过W系数控制块31控制适应性滤波器32的系数，该W系数控制块31使用两个信号的相关性判定适应性滤波器32的响应，该适应性滤波器32通常在最小均方意义上使参考麦克风信号ref存在于误差麦克风信号err中的那些分量最小化。通过W系数控制块31比较的信号为如通过滤波器34B所提供的路径S(z)的响应的估计的拷贝而塑形的参考麦克风信号ref及从组合器36的输出提供的、包含误差麦克风信号err的另一信号。通过用路径S(z)的响应的估计的拷贝SECOPY(z)变换参考麦克风信号ref并且使与参考麦克风信号ref的分量相关的误差信号的部分最小化，适应性滤波器32调适为P(z)/S(z)的所要的响应。具有如下面更详细解释的响应Cx(z)的滤波器37A处理滤波器34B的输出并且提供第一输入到W系数控制块31。到W系数控制块31的第二输入由具有响应Ce(z)的另一个滤波器37B处理。响应Ce(z)具有匹配到滤波器37A的响应Cx(z)的相位响应。到滤波器37B的输入包括误差麦克风信号err和已经由滤波器响应SE(z)处理的相反数量的下行链路语音信号ds，SE(z)的响应SECOPY(z)是一拷贝。组合器36组合误差麦克风信号err和相反的下行链路语音信号ds。通过注入相反数量的下行链路语音信号ds，防止适应性滤波器32调适为误差麦克风信号err中所存在的相对大量下行链路语音，且通过用路径S(z)的响应的估计变换下行链路语音信号ds的该反向拷贝，在比较前从误差麦克风信号err去除的下行链路语音应与误差麦克风信号err上重现的下行链路语音信号ds的预期版本匹配，因为S(z)的电路径及声路径为下行链路语音信号ds到达误差麦克风E所采用的路径。
为了实施上述内容，适应性滤波器34A具有由SE系数控制块33控制的系数，该SE系数控制块33基于与下行链路语音信号ds相关的分量和误差值来更新。误差值表示在去除上述经过滤的下行链路语音信号ds之后的误差麦克风信号err，其已通过适应性滤波器34A过滤，以代表递送至误差麦克风E的预期下行链路语音。下行链路语音信号ds的已过滤版本由组合器36从适应性滤波器34A的输出去除。SE系数控制块33将实际下行链路语音信号ds与存在于误差麦克风信号err中的下行链路语音信号ds分量相关联。的成分校正。适应性滤波器34A由此经调适以从下行链路语音信号ds产生一信号，在从误差麦克风信号err减除时，该信号含有并非归因于下行链路语音信号ds的误差麦克风信号err的内容。
在某些情况下，由于在其他频率处的周围声音，从适应性滤波器32提供的抗噪音信号在某些频率可以包含更多的能量，因为W系数控制块31已经调整适应性滤波器32的频率响应来抑制更多能量的信号，同时允许适应性滤波器32的其他区域频率响应的增益上升，导致在其他区域频率响应中的周围噪音的爆增，或“噪音暴增”。具体地，当系数控制块31已经调整适应性滤波器32的频率响应来抑制在更高频率范围内例如在2kHz到5kHz之间的更多能量信号时，噪音暴增是成问题的，在该范围内通常产生在路径P(z)/S(z)中的多路径空值，并且当听者察觉到时，使用者耳部5的耳道的频率响应开始有助于ANC系统的整个操作。因为在这些上频率范围内抗噪音信号的相位可能不匹配在耳鼓参考位置DRP处的周围语音声音的相位，所以抗噪音信号实际上会增加听者察觉到的噪音，并且噪音暴增会调谐该问题。因此，ANC电路30A包括附加无限脉冲响应(IIR)滤波器39以在抗噪音信号与下行链路语音ds组合之前过滤抗噪音信号并且发送给扬声器SPKR。滤波器39可以替代地是另一种类型的滤波器例如有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器。滤波器39可以是仅通过小于某些频率例如2kHz的已产生抗噪音的低通滤波器，或者替代地，滤波器39可以是抑制特定问题频率例如在该频率多路径空值归因于路径P(z)的语音长度而存在以致于抗噪音信号的相位不正确的已知频率的陷波滤波器。根据本发明的另一个实施例，滤波器39可以是去除有问题低频抗噪音分量的高通滤波器，或者滤波器39可以是带通滤波器。当使用低通滤波器响应时，滤波器39去除大于滤波器39的截止频率的抗噪音，当使用高通滤波器响应时，滤波器39去除小于滤波器39的截止频率的抗噪音，当使用陷波滤波器响应时，滤波器39去除问题频率区域，或者当使用带通滤波器时，滤波器39去除带通外部的低范围和高范围两者。陷波滤波器响应也可以包括多空值，以便塑形存在于抗噪音信号中的频率以去除问题点频率。图3A的ANC电路30A是相对于参考麦克风信号ref调整抗噪音信号的频率响应的电路的示例。为了保留在W系数控制块31的输出中的稳定性，滤波器37A的响应Cx(z)包括滤波器39的响应的拷贝。低通特性提供在滤波器37A和37B每个中以便W系数控制块31的动作不试图通过调适适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)而对由滤波器39执行的处理起反作用。
现在参考图3B，根据本发明的替代实施例示出可以使用来执行图2的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30B的细节。ANC电路30B与图3A的ANC电路30A相似，所以下面仅描述在它们之间的差异。在ANC电路30B中，过滤适应性滤波器32的抗噪音输出，同时允许W系数控制块31只调适没有被过滤的抗噪音信号，第一陷波滤波器39A从抗噪音信号去除某些频率，而具有与陷波滤波器39A的相位响应匹配的相位响应的第二全通滤波器39B也提供来过滤抗噪音信号。组合器36A从全通滤波器39B的输出减去陷波滤波器39A的输出以产生代表由陷波滤波器39A从抗噪音信号去除的信息的信号。组合器36A的输出然后在下行链路语音ds提供给滤波器34A之前与下行链路语音ds组合，阻止陷波滤波器39A的响应出现在组合器36的输出中，因为组合器36A的输出当由滤波器34A处理时理想地等于在误差麦克风信号err中归因于陷波滤波器39A的存在带来的改变。参考麦克风信号ref在由滤波器34B处理之前也由具有响应N’(z)的拷贝的陷波滤波器39C处理。上述电路有效地将滤波器39A来自误差麦克风信号err和参考麦克风信号ref输入两者的幅度响应隐藏到W系数控制块31，以便W系数控制块31不试图调适适应性滤波器32的系数来消除滤波器39A的响应，滤波器39A可以是如上所述陷波的，或者其可以是其他滤波器类型，例如上面关于图3A所述的低通或高通滤波器。
现在参考图3C，根据本发明的替代实施例示出可以使用来执行图2的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30C的细节。ANC电路30C与图3A的ANC电路30A相似，所以下面仅描述在它们之间的差异。在ANC电路30C中，不是将适应性滤波器使用于在其中由W系数控制块31控制整个响应的W(z)，而是在ANC电路30C中，滤波器执行W(z)的响应仅具有单个增益分接头。W系数控制块31经由增益块35控制抗噪音信号的增益，而W(z)的剩余部分由执行响应WFIXED(z)的固定响应滤波器32A提供，其通常是在典型语音环境中调适到个人语音设备的特定设计的响应。因为W(z)和SE(z)低频增益是归因于相对于声音噪音源和电话的靠近/压力定位到耳朵改变的大部分成分，所以提供仅具有用于W(z)的增益控制的适应性滤波器可以阻止噪音暴增的引入，因为滤波器32A对于其他频率的幅度响应可以非常小。
现在参考图3D，根据本发明的替代实施例示出可以使用来执行图2的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30D的细节。ANC电路30D与图3C的ANC电路30C相似，所以下面仅描述在它们之间的差异。在ANC电路30D中，不是将固定滤波器使用于W(z)并且仅适应性地调整施加到抗噪音信号的增益，而是在ANC电路30D中，固定响应WFIXED(z)由滤波器32A提供并且响应WADAPT(z)的适应性部分由适应性滤波器32B提供，并且滤波器32A和32B的输出由组合器36B组合来提供具有固定和适应性部分的总响应。W系数控制块31A具有泄漏响应，即响应是时间-变量以便响应在整个时间上趋于平坦频率响应或另一个预定初始频率响应，以便在整个时间上不做适应性改变可以稳定任何适应性改变。
现在参考图3E，根据本发明的替代实施例示出可以使用来执行图2的ANC电路30的另一个ANC电路30E的细节。ANC电路30E与图3B的ANC电路30B相似，所以下面仅描述在它们之间的差异。不是像图3B的ANC电路30B利用分离滤波器从抗噪音信号去除频率，而是ANC电路30E利用噪音产生器37注入噪音信号noise(z)，其供应到由适应性滤波器32C提供的适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)的拷贝WCOPY(z)。组合器36C将噪音信号noise(z)添加到适应性滤波器34B的输出，其提供给W系数控制块31。如由滤波器32C塑形的噪音信号n(z)由组合器36D从组合器36的输出减去，以便噪音信号n(z)不对称地添加到至W系数控制块31的校正输入，其结果是适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)被噪音信号n(z)的完全校正注入偏置到至W系数控制块31的校正输入。因为注入噪音直接出现在至W系数控制块31的校正输入，不出现在误差麦克风信号err中，并且仅经由组合器36D在滤波器32C的输出处的组合而出现在至W系数控制块31的其他输入，所以W系数控制块31将调适W(z)来衰减出现在noise(z)中的频率。噪音信号n(z)的含量不出现在抗噪音信号中，仅在适应性滤波器32的响应W(z)中，其将具有在其中噪音信号n(z)具有能量的频率/带宽处的幅度下降。例如，可以期望在1kHz附近W(z)的响应下降，noise(z)可以产生为具有一频谱，其具有在1kHz处的能量，其将导致W系数控制块31降低适应性滤波器32在1kHz处的增益，试图消除归因于注入噪音信号noise(z)的周围语音声音的明显源。
现参考图4A，展示ANC系统的方框图以图解说明如可能在CODEC集成电路20内实施的如在图3A-图3D图解说明的根据本发明的实施例的ANC技术。通过△-∑ADC41A产生参考麦克风信号ref，该△-∑ADC41A以64倍超取样操作且其输出通过降低取样器(decimator)42A降低取样至一半以产生32倍超取样信号。△-∑塑形器43A在频带外散布影像的能量，其中并列一对滤波器级44A及44B的所待响应将具有显著响应。滤波器级44B具有固定响应WFIXED(Z)，该固定响应WFIXED(Z)通常经预定以提供针对典型使用者的无线电话10的特定设计的P(z)／S(z)的估计下的起始点。通过适应性滤波器级44A提供P(z)／S(z)的估计的响应的适应性部分WADAPT(Z)，该适应性滤波器级44A为通过泄漏最小均方(LMS)系数控制器54A控制。当未提供误差输入导致泄漏LMS系数控制器54A调适时，泄漏LMS系数控制器54A泄漏，这是因为响应随时间而正规化为平坦或另外预定的响应。提供泄漏控制器以防止在特定环境状况下可能出现的长期不稳定且一般使系统针对ANC响应的特定敏感性方面更稳健。因为LMS系数控制器54A具有泄漏响应，所以如图3D图解说明的本发明的实施例包括在图4A的系统中。并且如果适应性滤波器级44A仅包括单个增益分接头，那么如图3C图解说明的本发明的实施例主要包括在图4A的系统中。虽然在图4A中的固定响应滤波器44B以与图3C中的固定响应滤波器32A不同的电路布置方式来布置，但是因为响应的仅适应性部分是放大器35的增益或提供在适应性滤波器级44A中的单个分接头，所以W(z)的调适将以同等方式发生（或被限制）。替代地，或组合地，陷波、低通或高通滤波器39A可以可选地包括来过滤在组合器46A的输出处的抗噪音信号，如在图3A和图3B图解说明的本发明的实施例中，并且全通滤波器39B和组合器46F可以如在图3B图解说明的本发明的实施例中提供在将它引入到滤波器55A、55B之前可以由组合器46G添加到组合器46D的输出的不同信号。当滤波器39A存在时，滤波器39C添加在△-∑塑形器43A的输出与滤波器51的输入之间，以便LMS系数控制器54A不试图通过调适从抗噪音信号去除滤波器39A的响应。
如在图3A-图3D的示例中，在图4A所描绘的系统中，通过路径S(z)的响应的估计的拷贝SECOPY(z)由具有响应SECOPY(z)的滤波器51过滤参考麦克风信号，该滤波器51的输出通过取样器52A降低到1/32以产生基频语音信号，该基频语音信号经由无限脉冲响应(IIR)滤波器53A提供至泄漏LMS54A。通过△-∑ADC41C产生误差麦克风信号err，该△-∑ADC41C以64倍超取样操作且其输出通过取样器42B取样至一半以产生32倍超取样信号。如图3A-图3D的系统中，通过组合器46C将已通过适应性滤波器过滤以施加响应S(z)的下行链路语音ds的总量从误差麦克风信号err去除，该组合器46C的输出通过取样器52C取样至1/32倍以产生基频语音信号，该基频语音信号经由无限脉冲响应(IIR)滤波器53B提供至泄漏LMS54A。通过另外并列一组滤波器级55A及55B产生响应S(z)，其中滤波器级55B具有固定响应SEFIXED(z)且其中另一滤波器级55A具有通过泄漏LMS系数控制器54B控制的适应性响应SEADAPT(z)。通过组合器46E组合滤波器级55A与55B的输出。类似于上述滤波器响应W(z)的实施方案，响应SEFIXED(z)通常为已知在各种操作状况下针对电／声路径S(z)提供合适起始点的预定响应。在图4A的系统中提供单独控制值以控制具有响应SECOPY(z)的滤波器51，该滤波器51展示为单个滤波器级。但是，滤波器51替代地可用两个并列级实施且用于控制滤波器级55A的相同控制值随后可用于控制在滤波器51的实施方案中的可调适级。至泄漏LMS控制块54B的输入也为基频，该输入为由在组合器46C已去除从通过另一组合器46E组合的适应性滤波器级55A及滤波器级55B的组合输出产生的信号之后通过降低至1/32取样的取样器52B取样的由组合器46H产生的下行链路语音信号ds和内部语音ia的组合提供。组合器46C的输出代表去除具有归因于下行链路语音信号ds的分量的误差麦克风信号err，该误差麦克风信号err在通过取样器52C取样后提供至LMS控制块54B。至LMS控制块54B的另一输入为取样器52B所产生的基频信号。
基频及超取样信号的上述配置提供用于简化的控制及适应性控制块例如泄漏LMS控制器54A及54B中所消耗的电力的减小，同时提供经由在超取样速率下实施适应性滤波器级44A至44B、55A至55B及适应性滤波器51而赋予的分接头灵活性。图4A的系统的其余部分包含组合器46H，该组合器46H将下行链路语音ds与内部语音ia组合，该组合的输出提供给组合器46D的输入，组合器46D添加已经由∑-△ADC41B产生并通过侧音衰减器56过滤的近端麦克风信号ns的一部分来以防止回馈状况。组合器46D的输出经由∑-△塑形器43B塑形，该∑-△塑形器43B提供输入到已塑形以偏移影像至频带之外的滤波器级55A及55B，其中滤波器级55A及55B将具有显著响应。
根据本发明的实施例，组合器46D的输出也与已通过控制链处理的适应性滤波器级44A至44B的输出组合，该控制链包含针对每个滤波器级的相应硬静音块45A、45B、组合器46A包含硬静音块45A、45B的输出，软静音器47及随后软限制器48以产生通过组合器46B用组合器46D的源语音输出减除的抗噪音信号。组合器46B的输出通过内插器49插入两倍且随后通过在64倍超取样速率下操作的∑-△DAC50重现。DAC50的输出被提供至放大器Al，该放大器A1产生递送至扬声器SPKR的信号。
现在参考图4B，展示ANC系统的方框图以图解说明如可能在CODEC集成电路20内实施的如在图3E图解说明的根据本发明的实施例的ANC技术。图4B的ANC系统与图4A的ANC系统相似，所以下面将仅描述在它们之间的差异。图4B的ANC系统包括噪声产生器37和组合器36C、36D，它们对称地注入噪音到泄漏LMS54A的校正输入，以便通过注入具有特定特性的噪音，适应性滤波器部分44A的响应将具有在其中噪音信号n(z)具有能量的频率/带宽处的幅度增加，而是以便噪音信号n(z)本身不出现在抗噪音信号中。
图4A和图4B的系统以及图2和图3A-图3E的例示性电路中的元件每个或一些可直接实施为逻辑电路或通过处理器例如执行程序指令的数字信号处理(DSP)核执行程序指令实施，这些程序指令执行例如适应性滤波及LMS系数计算的操作。虽然DAC及ADC级通常用专用混合信号电路实施，但是本发明的ANC系统的架构通常适用于混合方式，其中举例而言逻辑可用于设计的高度超取样区段，同时选择程序代码或微程序代码驱动的处理元件用于较复杂但是较低速率的操作，例如计算适应性滤波器的分接头和／或响应所检测的事件例如本文所述的事件。
虽然已特别参考本发明的较佳实施例展示及描述本发明，但是本领域的技术人员了解可在不脱离本发明的精神及范围的情况下在其中进行上述及其他形式及细节的变化。

Claims (6)

1.一种个人音频设备，包括：
个人音频装置外壳；
传感器，其安装在该外壳上用于重现音频信号，该音频信号包含用于对听者播放的源音频及用于对抗周围音频声音在该传感器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者；
参考麦克风，其安装在该外壳上用于提供指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
误差麦克风，其安装在传感器附近的壳体中用于提供指示传感器的输出和在传感器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其执行具有从参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在的适应性滤波器，其中处理电路通过调适适应性滤波器的响应来塑形与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致的适应性滤波器的响应以使在误差麦克风处的周围音频声音最小化，其中还独立于所述参考麦克风信号，通过改变所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入，进一步调整适应性滤波器的响应，以便限制适应性滤波器来改变适应性滤波器对周围音频声音的调适，并且其中通过将注入噪音与所述系数控制模块的输入结合，独立于所述参考麦克风信号和所述源音频，调整适应性滤波器的响应，以便适应性滤波器的响应由调适来衰减出现在所述注入噪音中的频率的所述系数控制模块所偏置，从而减少适应性滤波器在注入噪音的频率范围内的频率区域中的响应。
2.如权利要求1所述的个人音频设备，其中独立于适应性滤波器的调适由执行适应性滤波器的拷贝的处理电路调整适应性滤波器的响应以接收注入噪音，且其中所述处理电路将所述适应性滤波器的输出从所述误差麦克风信号中去除，以便适应性滤波器的拷贝的响应由调适来消除周围音频声音和注入噪音的组合的适应性滤波器控制，并且其中处理电路还用在适应性滤波器的拷贝中调适的系数控制适应性滤波器的响应，从而注入噪音不存在于抗噪音信号中。
3.一种消除在个人音频设备的传感器附近的周围音频声音的方法，所述方法包括：
用参考麦克风测量周围音频声音以产生参考麦克风信号的第一测量；
用误差麦克风测量传感器的输出和在传感器处的周围音频声音的第二测量；
通过调适过滤参考麦克风的输出的适应性滤波器的响应从第一测量和第二测量的结果适应性产生用于对抗在传感器的音频输出处的周围音频声音的效果的抗噪音信号，通过调整控制所述适应性滤波器的响应的所述适应性滤波器的系数，符合所述误差麦克风的输出和所述参考麦克风的输出，通过调适所述适应性滤波器的响应以减少所述误差麦克风的周围音频声音；
将抗噪音信号与源音频信号组合来产生提供给传感器的音频信号；
独立于所述参考麦克风的输出，通过改变所述系数的调整的输入，独立于所述适应性产生，通过组合注入噪音和所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入，来调整所述适应性过滤的响应，以便通过由系数控制模块调适来衰减出现在注入噪音中的频率来偏置所述适应性滤波器的响应，限制适应性滤波器来改变适应性滤波器对周围音频声音的调适，从而减少适应性滤波器在注入噪音的频率范围内的频率区域中的响应；以及
提供所述组合的结果给传感器以产生音频输出。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中通过以下方式独立于所述适应性产生调整适应性滤波器的响应：
利用基本上与适应性滤波器的响应相等的双倍响应过滤注入噪音，
从所述误差麦克风信号中取出所述滤波的结果，由此所述双倍响应由所述适应性产生的调适控制以消除所述周围音频声音和所述注入噪音的组合；并且
利用在双倍响应中调适的系数控制适应性滤波器的响应，从而注入噪音不存在于抗噪音信号中。
5.一种用于执行个人音频设备至少一部分的集成电路，包括：
输出，用于提供信号给传感器，该信号包含用于对听者播放的源音频及用于对抗周围音频声音在该传感器的声输出中的影响的抗噪音信号两者；
参考麦克风输入，用于接收指示所述周围音频声音的参考麦克风信号；
误差麦克风输入，用于接收指示传感器的音频输出的和在传感器处的周围音频声音的误差麦克风信号；以及
处理电路，其执行具有参考麦克风信号产生抗噪音信号的响应以减少由听者听到的周围音频声音的存在的响应的适应性滤波器，其中处理电路通过调适适应性滤波器的响应来与误差麦克风信号和参考麦克风信号一致的塑形适应性滤波器的响应以使在误差麦克风处的周围音频声音最小化，其中还独立于所述参考麦克风信号，通过改变所述适应性滤波器的系数控制模块的输入，进一步调整所述适应性滤波器的响应，以便限制适应性滤波器来改变适应性滤波器对周围音频声音的调适，且其中通过将注入噪音与参考麦克风信号组合来调整适应性滤波器的响应，以便适应性滤波器的响应由调适来衰减出现在所述注入噪音中的频率的系数控制模块所偏置，从而减少适应性滤波器在注入噪音的频率范围内的频率区域中的响应。
6.如权利要求5所述的集成电路，其中独立于适应性滤波器的调适由执行适应性滤波器的拷贝的处理电路调整适应性滤波器的响应以接收注入噪音，且其中所述处理电路将所述适应性滤波器的拷贝的输出从所述误差麦克风信号中去除，以便适应性滤波器的拷贝的响应由调适来消除周围音频声音和注入噪音的组合的适应性滤波器控制，并且其中处理电路还用在适应性滤波器的拷贝中调适的系数控制适应性滤波器的响应，从而注入噪音不存在于抗噪音信号中。
CN201280038460.2A 2011-06-03 2012-05-18 在具有适应性噪音消除（anc）的个人语音设备中带限抗噪音 Active CN103718239B (zh)

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