CN103693909A - Special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening by using high-polymer pellet technique - Google Patents
Special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening by using high-polymer pellet technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening by using a high-polymer pellet technique, which is characterized in that the raw materials comprise cement, local soil, plant fibers, a high-water-absorptivity resin water retention agent, a pellet agent, northeast black soil, a concrete reinforcement wire, an organic fertilizer, plant seeds, a Chinese medicinal herb nutrient, an antalkali, a soil stabilizer and water. The northeast black soil, soil stabilizer and know clearly pellet agent are added into the formula of the vegetation concrete, increasing the fertility and stability of the concrete on the premise of ensuring the characteristics of the vegetation concrete, and being more beneficial to growth of the vegetation; the pellet agent is added to increase the formed pores of the concrete and provide plants with larger growth space; the concrete reinforcement wire is added to enhance the strength of the solidified concrete; and the Chinese medicinal herb nutrient is added to provide nutrients for seed growth and promote the growth of the seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Ecological Restoration Project technical field, relate in particular to a kind of novel polymer granule nutraceutical matrix of planting raw eco-concrete special use.
Background technology
The research of plant cover concrete comes from early 1990s, on Japanese early start research greening coagulation, has applied for patent, and has set up concrete structure and Greening Design research committee.The developed countries such as the U.S. and Europe have also carried out the research of plant cover concrete in succession from 20 end of the centurys.
China's plant cover concrete research application more and more comes into one's own, and on the slope-protecting vegetation coagulation of Beijing Municipal Urban Construction Engineering Institute's development, cement, stone, sand, haydite, water, consists of.Water conservancy real company in Jilin Province's utilizes the useless masonry of building to do aggregate, develop a kind of maintenance under the prerequisite of original protection function, can make the grass planting solidifying upper revetment material of environment-friendly type rod of well growing, and lawn plant desired nutritional unit's rope and supply on plant cover concrete are studied.
At present, plant cover concrete goods are widely used, but plant cover concrete is truly mostly under test, plant cover concrete needs extraordinary low alkali binding material, the necessary space of plant-growth, nutrient and moisture be need to be applicable to, and the weather resistance of plant cover concrete and the operability of vegetation multiple cropping thereof required.
The application of polymer granule technology for recovering vegetation in developed country's side slope protection has longer history, and existing its technology has developed to obtain comparative maturity.Spray slope protection greening technology and result from the earliest UK and USA, but large-scale development application is in Japan.
Englishman has invented injection emulsified bitumen and the plant seed technology of sowing grass seeds by duster the beginning of the fifties in last century, within 1958, this technology is imported Japan into, through test of many times, developed practical injection greening technique---asphalt emulsion mulch film health greening technique, and for Nagoya---the expressway slope afforestation project of Kobe.At the beginning of the sixties, Japan has introduced spray seeder and has sprayed dedicated fiber from the U.S., and advanced at that time hydraulic seeding technique (Japan claims seed spreading method) has also been used in to Nagoya---in the expressway slope afforestation project of Kobe.1973, Japan developed fiber soil greening method, and the method has adopted fiber, sandy soil and cement, and was step injection.The method has larger defect, is mainly that initial stage pH value is too high, easily erosion, spray-up water conservation, fertilizer conservation poor performance.
1989, Guangdong water conservancy and hydropower Science Institute introduced the polymer granule Revegetation technology of sowing grass seeds by duster from Hong Kong.Beginning is studied and is tested at highway rock matter roadbed side slope.2000, Guangdong Province's He Hui motorway started with Seed spraying technology, rock matter roadbed side slope greening protection have been carried out testing and obtaining successfully.In recent years, some scientific researches of China and unit in charge of construction hand over and have also developed greatly the patented technology of oneself as: SanXia University, southwest.These technology large-scale application in engineering practice.
Flowers and plants and traditional concrete, the two all, because of of close concern to each other with the mankind, is all widely used, ubiquitous.Yet these two is own for the flowers and plants inseparable with human interests and traditional concrete, because of its characteristic separately, but for a long time among conflicting and opposition: flowers and plants cannot survive on concrete, and concrete place of arrival, also flowers and plants are all gone out.
Novelty of the present invention polymer granule technology and plant cover concrete are combined with, in the formula of plant cover concrete, added black soil of Northeast China, soil stabilizer, the agent of super absorbent resin granule, in the situation that guaranteeing plant cover concrete self character, increased concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of an agent, increased the hole of concrete formation, given the growing space that plant is larger, simultaneously, by having added fine steel rib, intensity after having increased it and solidifying, by adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed, provide nutritive ingredient, promote its growth, increased concrete pore, reduced its alkalescence, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of plant cover concrete of slope protection greening special use of novel employing polymer granule technology, it is unified by flowers and plants and concrete, when improving concrete characteristic, change the situation of not growing every tree and every blade of grass on concrete, make can do greening on concrete works, this is the needs that expand greenery patches, also be improvement and protection of the environment and ecological needs, in the formula of plant cover concrete, added black soil of Northeast China, soil stabilizer, granule agent, in the situation that guaranteeing plant cover concrete self character, increased concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of an agent, increased the hole of concrete formation, given the growing space that plant is larger, simultaneously, by having added fine steel rib, intensity after having increased it and solidifying, by adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed, provide nutritive ingredient, promote its growth.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of plant cover concrete that adopts the slope protection greening special use of polymer granule technology, its material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin water-holding agent, an agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.
Wherein, in described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1～2 weight part, local soil 12～13 weight parts, vegetable fibre 2～3 weight parts, super absorbent resin water-holding agent 0.5～1.0 weight part, agent 0.1～0.3 weight part, fine steel rib 1～2 weight part, organic compost 3～5 weight parts, plant seed 1～2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1～3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5～1.5 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part～2 weight part and water 3～4 weight parts.
Wherein, described high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agent is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere.
Wherein, the preparation method of described high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agent is specially:
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) are mixed, join subsequently in dispersion agent hexanaphthene, be warming up to 62 ℃, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature by 10g sodium hydroxide solution neutralization for 40g vinylformic acid, add subsequently 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate form, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
The 3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 ℃ of continuation reaction 0.5h after reaction 2.5h, makes monomer reaction complete, after reaction finishes, product is filtered, dries acquisition.
Wherein, described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Wherein, the preparation method of described agent is specially:
The first step, the gelatinization of starch, mixes 750g W-Gum and 15L water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, carries out gelatinization 0.5h under the condition of 85 ℃, is then cooled to 30 ℃;
Second step, gets 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, is configured to initiator solution;
The 3rd step, adds 300ml initiator in the pasted starch obtaining in the first step, then drips 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally adds the DMF of 10g, reaction at 40 ℃;
The 4th step, product adds 8L ethanol to white precipitate to separate out, and filters, and product, is dried to constant weight under the vacuum condition of 50 ℃ than the mixing, washing of ethanol: water=1:1 3 times by quality, obtains product.
Wherein, the bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, white wine grass and loranthus parasiticus.
Wherein, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part～55 weight parts, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part～30 weight parts, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part～35 weight parts, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part～25 weight parts, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part～20 weight parts, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part～30 weight parts, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part～30 weight parts, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part～20 weight parts, white wine grass 15 weight part～25 weight parts and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part～20 weight parts.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
Described each raw material medicaments in part by weight is mixed, add the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 3～4 times of its quality is 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours, filters, and filter residue adds the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 2～3 times of its quality is 95% again, heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, the concentrated ethanol of removing, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the special-purpose plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, is specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, sends in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Now domestic in the direct engineering application of plant cover concrete, it is too much that the amount of cement can not be added, and strong alkalescence and hard intensity are not easy to germination and the growth of seed; Add very little, insufficient strength, weather resistance can be extremely low, and in engineering practice in early days, plant survival rate can only reach 35%～50%.The present invention has added black soil of Northeast China in plant cover concrete, soil stabilizer, the composition of the contour molecule granule of granule agent, in the situation that guaranteeing plant cover concrete self character, increased concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of an agent, increased the hole of concrete formation, given the growing space that plant is larger, simultaneously, by having added fine steel rib, intensity after having increased it and solidifying, by adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed, provide nutritive ingredient, promote its growth, increased concrete pore, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the FTIR spectrogram of high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agent;
Fig. 2: the infrared spectra of an agent.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of plant cover concrete that adopts the slope protection greening special use of polymer granule technology, its material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin water-holding agent, an agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.
Further preferably, described plant cover concrete only consists of above-mentioned raw materials.
In described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1～2 weight part, local soil 12～13 weight parts, vegetable fibre 2～3 weight parts, super absorbent resin water-holding agent 0.5～1.0 weight part, granule agent 0.1～0.3 weight part, fine steel rib 1～2 weight part, organic compost 3～5 weight parts, plant seed 1～2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1～3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5～1.5 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part～2 weight part and water 3～4 weight parts.
Further in preferred described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 2 weight parts, soil 13 weight parts, vegetable fibre 3 weight parts, super absorbent resin water-holding agent 0.5 weight part, agent 0.2 weight part, fine steel rib 1 weight part, organic compost 4, plant seed 2 weight parts, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 2 weight parts, alkaline neutraliser 1 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part and water 4 weight parts.
Described plant seed can be locust tree, parthenocissus, green grass etc.
Described alkaline neutraliser can be citric acid or oxalic acid.
Described high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agent is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere.
The preparation method of described high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agent is specially:
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) are mixed, join subsequently in dispersion agent hexanaphthene, be warming up to 62 ℃, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature by 10g sodium hydroxide solution neutralization for 40g vinylformic acid, add subsequently 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate form, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
The 3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 ℃ of continuation reaction 0.5h after reaction 2.5h, makes monomer reaction complete, after reaction finishes, product is filtered, dries acquisition.
Described organic compost is by municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry are mixed according to weight proportion 5～7:3～5:4～6, compost.
The preparation method of described organic compost is specially:
The first step, fully mixes municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry according to weight proportion, and regulating the water ratio of mixture is that 45%～50%, C/N ratio is controlled at 20:1～30:1;
Second step, puts into enclosed space by mixture and ferments first, and fermentation time is 14h～20h, and initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min～20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d～15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoorly, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d～20d that banks up.
Organic compost prepared by the present invention also can adopt conventional compost method to obtain.
Described discarded plant can be climing for straw, stem, weeds, plant defoliation etc.
Described feces of livestock and poultry can be the ight soil of the livestock and poultry such as pig, chicken, duck, goose.
Herbal medicine includes the required multiple nutritional components of plant, has miscellaneous carbohydrate, organic acid, protein, nucleic acid, enzyme and coenzyme, the nutritive ingredients such as VITAMIN and mineral substance.It,, by the activation intrinsic disease-resistant gene of plant self and good growth hormone gene, gives full play to the intrinsic potential of plant self, reaches the combined effect of growth-promoting, growth encourage, strong sprout, disease-resistant, imperial worm, volume increase.
The bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, white wine grass and loranthus parasiticus.
Further, described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent only consists of above-mentioned raw materials medicine.
The weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part～55 weight parts, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part～30 weight parts, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part～35 weight parts, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part～25 weight parts, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part～20 weight parts, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part～30 weight parts, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part～30 weight parts, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part～20 weight parts, white wine grass 15 weight part～25 weight parts and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part～20 weight parts.
Further preferably, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 50 weight parts, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 40 weight parts, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25 weight parts, dragon's paw dish 30 weight parts, the stem of noble dendrobium 30 weight parts, Fructus Cnidii 40 weight parts, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30 weight parts, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20 weight parts, Chinese ephedra 15 weight parts, Japanese Honeysuckle 25 weight parts, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25 weight parts, the tuber of stemona 15 weight parts, white wine grass 20 weight parts and loranthus parasiticus 15 weight parts.
In described bulk drug, each component pharmacology is as follows:
Radix Codonopsis: taste is sweet, property is flat, returns lung, the spleen channel, has tonifying Qi benefit spleen, the symptoms such as the effect of nourishing blood to promote the production of body fluid, cures mainly spleen-lung Qi deficiency or qi-blood deficiency fatigue and weakness, breathes hard, cough spontaneous perspiration, Radix Codonopsis is longer than tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach, adjust regulating the function of middle-JIAO, have the effect of nourishing blood concurrently, its property is flat, invigorating the spleen fortune and not dry; Flavour is cloudy and not wet, can improve the immunological status of body, improves resistance against diseases, and promoting digestion absorbs, and improves metabolism, promotes the absorption of enteron aisle to nutritive substance.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome: taste is sweet, bitter, warm in nature, enters spleen, stomach warp, has tonifying spleen profit gas, eliminating dampness Li Shui, and strengthening superficial resistance to stop perspiration, the effect that fortune spleen is moisturized, is mainly used in ruffian due to dysfunction of the spleen in transportation, QI failing to transform into body fluid and has one's mind filled with and rush down, phlegm and retained fluid oedema; The vexed lazy speech of the deficiency of qi in middle-jiao, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, proctoptosis with chronic dysentery; The cards such as solid in the playing of deficiency of the spleen causing weakness of QI, abnormal sweating spontaneous perspiration.
Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi: latin name Spatholobi Caulis, bitter, sweet, warm in nature, enter liver, kidney channel, there is vasodilation, enrich blood and invigorate blood circulation, menstruation regulating, the effect of stimulating the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax, platelet aggregation is had to obvious restraining effect, promote animal kidney and the total phosphorus metabolism in uterus, be mainly used in treating the menoxenia that the deficiency of blood has silt, limbs pain is meciless, the cards such as soreness of the waist and knees, pain.
Dragon's paw dish: taste is sweet, micro-puckery, cool in nature, there is removing toxic substances, diuresis, the effect of expelling parasite, cures mainly rheumatic arthritis, urinary tract infections, parasitosis.
The stem of noble dendrobium: latin name Dendrobii Caulis, cold nature, taste is sweet, returns stomach, kidney channel, has reinforcing stomach reg fluid, and nourishing Yin and clearing heat effect cures mainly the moon and hinders body fluid deficiency, dry polydipsia, food is few retches, abnormal heat after being ill, order is the not clear card that waits secretly.
Fructus Cnidii: latin name Cnidii Fructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, enters kidney channel, the effect of there is warming the kidney to invigorate YANG, removing dampness and killing parasites, dispellingging wind and arresting itching, the impotence in male causing for kidney yang deficiency, woman Gong Leng are infertile, under cold-dampness band or the card such as waist knee crymodynia.
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi: latin name Acanthopanacis Senticosi Radix et Rhizoma seu Caulis, taste is pungent, bitter, micro-sweet, warm in nature, enter spleen, kidney, the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin, have and replenish qi to invigorate the spleen, tonify the kidney to relieve mental strain, the effect of dispelling rheumatism, soft for arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness pathogen BI syndrome, lumbocrural pain, muscles and bones impotence, be slow in action, the card such as body void is thin and weak, wound, fracture, oedema, beriberi, uncontrolled urination are itched.
Spine of Chinese Honeylocust: taste is pungent, warm in nature, return lung channel, cure mainly swollen ulcer drug, scrofula, sore rash stubborn dermatitis, puerperal hypogalactia, retention of placenta, the cards such as pestilence wind.
Chinese ephedra: pungent, the micro-hardship of taste, warm in nature, enter lung, urinary bladder channel, have and send out cold inducing sweat, to freeing lung and relieving asthma, the effect of inducing diuresis to remove edema, is mainly used in the exterior excess syndromes such as fever without perspiration of catching cold; Rheumatic numbness pain; Pathogenic cold attacking the lung or accumulation of heat in the lung are to coughing the cards such as contrary, oedema, dysuria of breathing.
Japanese Honeysuckle: taste is sweet, cold in nature, enters the heart, lung, stomach, large intestine channel, has clearing heat and detoxicating effect, double can removing heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea.Be mainly used in affection of exogenous wind-heat, the hot poison of febrile disease is contained, or warm disease is from the beginning of heat evil still at the part of the body cavity above the diaphragm housing the heart and lungs and when not descending; The malicious diarrhea of heat, the lower blood of stool; Heat temperature card; The sore carbuncle that hot poison gathers is from the beginning of the, inflammation heat person of swelling and ache etc., and Japanese Honeysuckle has good antipyretic effect, can anti-inflammatory, and what control inflammation oozes out and inflammatory hyperplasia, can promote leukocytic phagocytic function, and multiple pyococcus and pathogen enterobacteria are had to stronger bacteriostatic action.
Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit: bitter, cold in nature, return liver, small intestine, urinary bladder channel, have soothing the liverly expel the heat-evil, the effect of promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, cure mainly pathogenic fire derived from stagnation of liver-QI, the chest side of body, play the cards such as abdominal distention and pain, hernia pain, abdominal pain due to worm stagnation.
The tuber of stemona: taste is sweet, bitter, slightly warm in nature enters lung channel, have and moisten the lung and relieve the cough, the effect of delousing desinsection, tuber of stemona temperature embellishes but not dry, and property is kept and is not walked, the merit that has out again drop-down gas, be mainly used in new all coughing for a long time, be especially suitable for the hot chronic cough person of labor, the modern times are used for preventing and treating the cough of chronic bronchitis, the dry cough of pulmonary tuberculosis, the cards such as Whooping cough.
White wine grass: bitter, pungent, cold in nature, there is clearing away heat to and alleviating pain, the effect of dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating phlegm, cures mainly laryngitis, pneumonia, swelling and pain in the throat, the cards such as tonsillitis.
Loranthus parasiticus: bitter, sweet, property is flat, enters liver, kidney channel, have the effect of invigorating the liver and kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, wind-damp dispelling, antiabortive unit, for the soreness of waist pain due to deficiency of the liver and kindey, muscles and bones impotence is soft, the foot and knee being feeble, deficiency of the liver and kindey, essence and blood is empty to be lost, the threatened abortion of liability to abortion, the cards such as waist abdomen pain.
The preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
Described each raw material medicaments in part by weight is mixed, add the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 3～4 times of its quality is 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours, filters, and filter residue adds the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 2～3 times of its quality is 95% again, heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, the concentrated ethanol of removing, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
Described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
The described acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer resins that agent is starch conversion, this agent is a kind of water-soluble organic soil amendment, because it has stronger sedimentation and flocculation soil particle, in soil, form good crumb structure, therefore form the carrier of antiscour, antiseep.
The preparation method of described agent is specially:
The first step, the gelatinization of starch, mixes 750g W-Gum and 15L water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, carries out gelatinization 0.5h under the condition of 85 ℃, is then cooled to 30 ℃;
Second step, gets 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, is configured to initiator solution;
The 3rd step, adds 300ml initiator in the pasted starch obtaining in the first step, then drips 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally adds the N of 10g, N-2 methylformamide, reaction at 40 ℃;
The 4th step, product adds 8L ethanol to white precipitate to separate out, and filters, and product, is dried to constant weight under the vacuum condition of 50 ℃ than the mixing, washing of ethanol: water=1:1 3 times by quality, obtains product.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of the special-purpose plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, is specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, sends in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how utilisation technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
The preparation of embodiment 1 organic compost
60kg municipal sludge, 40g discarded plant and 50g feces of livestock and poultry are fully mixed, regulating the water ratio of mixture is 45%～50%, C/N ratio is controlled at 20:1～30:1, mixture is put into enclosed space to ferment first, fermentation time is 14h～20h, initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min～20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d～15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoorly, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d～20d that banks up.
The preparation of embodiment 2 Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent
Radix Codonopsis 50g, bighead atractylodes rhizome 40g, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25g, dragon's paw dish 30g, stem of noble dendrobium 30g, Fructus Cnidii 40g, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30g, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20g, Chinese ephedra 15g, Japanese Honeysuckle 25g, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25g, tuber of stemona 15g, white wine grass 20g and loranthus parasiticus 15g are mixed, the ethanol that the determining alcohol that adds 0.9kg is 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, filter residue adds the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 3 times of its quality is 95% again, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, the concentrated ethanol of removing, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
The preparation of embodiment 3 high-efficiency water-absorbing resin water-holding agents
5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) are mixed, join subsequently in dispersion agent hexanaphthene, be warming up to 62 ℃, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtain dispersant solution, at room temperature by 10g sodium hydroxide solution neutralization for 40g vinylformic acid, add subsequently 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate form, stirring and dissolving mixes, obtain monomer mixed solution, monomer mixture solution is joined in dispersant solution, after reaction 2.5h, be warming up to 65 ℃ and continue reaction 0.5h, make monomer reaction complete, after reaction finishes, product is filtered, dry and obtain high-efficiency water-absorbing resin.
The structure of the FTIR510P type Fourier transform infrared spectrometer assay products of producing with U.S. Nicolet company.As can be seen from Figure 1: 3428cm
-1the stretching vibration absorption peak that place is-O-H; 2932cm
-1place is methylene radical stretching vibration absorption peak; 1670cm
-1place is-CONH
2carbonylic stretching vibration absorption peak; 1574.1cm
-1place is the stretching vibration absorption peak of carbonyl in-COONa; 1412,1451cm
-1place is the flexural vibration absorption peak of methylene radical.This shows that radical copolymerization has occurred for monomer A M and the AA of certain degree of neutralization.
The preparation of 4 agent of embodiment
750g W-Gum and 15L water are mixed, under the condition of nitrogen protection, under the condition of 85 ℃, carry out gelatinization 0.5h, then be cooled to 30 ℃, getting 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, be configured to initiator solution, in the pasted starch obtaining, add 300ml initiator solution, then drip 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally add 10g N, dinethylformamide (N, dinethylformamide adopts dissolve with ethanol), reaction at 40 ℃, product adds 8L ethanol to white precipitate to separate out, filter, product by quality than the mixing, washing of ethanol: water=1:1 3 times, under the vacuum condition of 50 ℃, dry to constant weight, obtain product.
The infrared spectra of product is measured by KBr pressed disc method, sees Fig. 2.
As seen from the figure, at 1455cm
-1, 1557cm
-1there is carboxyl charateristic avsorption band, at 1661cm
-1, 1417cm
-1there is amide group charateristic avsorption band, the binary graft copolymer that the super absorbent resin that proves thus synthesized is Starch with Acrylic Acid-acrylamide.
The preparation of embodiment 5 plant cover concretes 1
The granule agent 2kg of the super absorbent resin water-holding agent 5kg of cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 3 preparations, embodiment 4 preparations, fine steel rib 1 weight part, organic compost 40kg, the green grass seed 20kg of embodiment 1 preparation, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, the water 40kg of embodiment 2 preparations are sent in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built 1.
Concrete technology and construction process are:
(1) measurement of field data:
Use GPS mapper to carry out detailed data mapping and editor to all massifs that need to carry out side slope protection in scene are domatic, by the length of each section of massif, highly, the related data such as gradient, area carries out areal survey statistics, and take these data and as basis, complete the massif side slope protection detail of construction of each section.
(2) the massif side slope of linked network is checked and cleared up
(3) fixing anchor bar, and be welded and fixed with angle bar anchor pole: use angle bar to carry out and anchor pole between be welded and fixed, first weld the anchor pole of longitudinal stress point, make angle bar be vertically fixed in hillside face, and closely weld together with longitudinal each anchor pole, and then weld horizontal angle bar.
1. adopt 30mm * 30mm * 6000mm angle bar to carry out anchor pole welding, according to the domatic situation of massif, carry out segmentation cutting.Longitudinally anchor pole weld must be firm and solid firm.
2., after solebar angle welds, the 30mm * 30mm * 200mm angle bar section angle that shifts to an earlier date well cutting must be reached with ground and is 45 ° of-60 ° of angles.
While 3. welding horizontal angle bar, first welding below angle bar upwards welding gradually again, forms step type layout, for the welding of upper strata angle bar provides platform.
(4) gabion net and the layering of nutrition geotextile are laid
After solebar angle and horizontal angle bar are welded in place, in conjunction with anchor pole position, ecological special gabion net (the aluminum-zinc alloy woven wire hedge of producing of Yong Run state, 20cm is wide) whole rock slope is carried out to layering processing, every one deck gabion net is all firmly fixed together with iron wire with horizontal angle bar outer, massif basic unit linked network, and gabion net and ground are also 45 °～60 ° angles.
(5) plant cover concrete basic unit sprays
The plant cover concrete 1 that spray prepares, it is general concrete spraying machine that equipment used is planted in spray, carry out respectively on minute basic unit and top layer.From domatic by under spray protect embodiment 5 preparation plant cover concrete 1 substrate concrete basic unit jet thickness for till covering massif linked network completely, thickness is 8～10cm, massif recesses can reach 15～20cm individually.
(6) plant nutrition matrix is filled
Side slope is carried out from top to down to the filling of plant nutrition matrix (particle diameter that Lingshou County grand stone ore industry source mill provides is 1-20mm soil-less culturing nutrient soil), every one deck all guarantees to fill the nutraceutical matrix of enough plant normal growths, finally reaches whole and covers.
(7) top layer plant cover concrete sprays
To having filled the domatic injection of carrying out top layer plant cover concrete 1 of plant nutrition matrix, thickness is about 5cm, and horizontal angle bar is all covered.
(8) plant flush type is planted
Side slope is after treatment after several hours precipitations, formation has the top layer of certain hardness, then on plant cover concrete top layer, according to " isosceles triangle ", vertically excavate plant setting cave, by the plant with nutrition pot or native ball, flush type is planted and is put in place, and uses viscosity plant substrates to be pressurized filing to position.
(9) maintenance
After transplanted seedling tree puts in place, must carry out in time water seasoning, guarantee the certain wettability of the domatic maintenance of whole massif.While watering, must be noted that evenly to scatter to spray gun special domatic, can not directly spray with anxious water or strong water column, anti-sealing causes too greatly crooked the and soil erosion of plant.In the situation that not raining, within one week, with interior, need spray every day, sprinkling irrigation in two days after a week according to domatic situation and plant-growth situation, can even be sprayed once later for three days for five days.
The preparation of comparative example 1 plant cover concrete 2
Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, the water 40kg of organic compost 40kg, the green grass seed 20kg of cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, fine steel rib 1 weight part, embodiment 1 preparation, embodiment 2 preparations are sent in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built 2.
Adopt the mode identical with embodiment 5 to implement.
The preparation of comparative example 2 plant cover concretes 3
Organic compost 40kg, green grass seed 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, the water 40kg of the granule agent 2kg of the super absorbent resin water-holding agent 5kg of cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 3 preparations, embodiment 4 preparations, fine steel rib 1 weight part, embodiment 1 preparation are sent in stirrer and stirred, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built 3.
Adopt the mode identical with embodiment 5 to implement.
Water conservation experiment
Choose each of the plant cover concrete 1 of embodiment 5 preparations and the plant cover concrete 210cm * 30cm of comparative example 1 preparation, water is just selected ordinary tap water, and plant cover concrete 1 experiment piece is labeled as A, and plant cover concrete 2 experiment pieces are labeled as B, two plant cover concretes are weighed, and weight stamp is W
0A20kg, W
0B20kg.Select two square glass vessel, water is fallen in square vessel, can not have the height 2～5cm of plant cover concrete to be advisable.Two block concretes, not in two glasswares, are soaked to pull out after 1 hour and are statically placed on glass standing 2 minutes of 25 ° of inclinations, then will have concrete glass to be put in after outdoor standing 24 hours, then weigh, weight stamp is W
1A, W
1B.Within standing 72 hours, weigh, weight stamp is W
3A, W
3B.Within standing 120 hours, weigh, weight stamp is W
5A, W
5B.Within standing 168 hours, weigh, weight stamp is W
7A, W
7B.Finally experiment the data obtained is added up as following table 1-1.
Table 1-1 water conservation experiment weighing data table
By data sheet, can find out that plant cover concrete 2 water loss in standing first 1～5 day is more serious, and plant cover concrete 1 water loss in standing first 1～3 day is more serious, but than plant cover concrete 2, to lose few, and since the 3rd day, water loss tends towards stability, and number of dropouts is fewer.
Plant-growth experiment
By comparing embodiment 2 and embodiment 5, adopt the rate of vegetation of plant cover concrete of the present invention to reach 100%, afforestation effect is good, and adopt the fraction of coverage of the plant cover concrete of comparative example 2 preparations, is 73%, occurs a large amount of yellow leaves.
All above-mentioned these intellecture properties of primary enforcement, do not set restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention to be done to the restriction of other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not depart from, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a plant cover concrete that adopts the slope protection greening special use of polymer granule technology, is characterized in that: material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, super absorbent resin water-holding agent, an agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.
2. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1～2 weight part, local soil 12～13 weight parts, vegetable fibre 2～3 weight parts, super absorbent resin water-holding agent 0.5～1.0 weight part, agent 0.1～0.3 weight part, fine steel rib 1～2 weight part, organic compost 3～5 weight parts, plant seed 1～2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1～3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5～1.5 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part～2 weight part and water 3～4 weight parts.
3. plant cover concrete as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described High hydrophilous resin water-holding agent is polyacrylamide-Acrylic Acid Sodium Acrylate resin microsphere.
4. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 value 3, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described High hydrophilous resin water-holding agent is specially,
The first step, the preparation of dispersant solution, 5g emulsifier sorbitol monoleate (sp60) and 5g emulsifier sorbitol acid anhydride monostearate (sp80) are mixed, join subsequently in dispersion agent hexanaphthene, be warming up to 62 ℃, emulsifiers dissolve is uniformly dispersed, and logical nitrogen deoxygenation 30min, obtains dispersant solution;
Second step, the preparation of monomer mixed solution, at room temperature by 10g sodium hydroxide solution neutralization for 40g vinylformic acid, add subsequently 25g acrylamide and 3g linking agent N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA), the initiator mixture that 0.3g Potassium Persulphate and 0.3g sodium pyrosulfate form, stirring and dissolving mixes, and obtains monomer mixed solution;
The 3rd step, joins monomer mixture solution in dispersant solution, is warming up to 65 ℃ of continuation reaction 0.5h after reaction 2.5h, makes monomer reaction complete, after reaction finishes, product is filtered, dries acquisition.
5. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 to 4, is characterized in that: described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
6. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described agent is specially,
The first step, the gelatinization of starch, mixes 750g W-Gum and 15L water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, carries out gelatinization 0.5h under the condition of 85 ℃, is then cooled to 30 ℃;
Second step, gets 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, is configured to initiator solution;
The 3rd step, adds 300ml initiator in the pasted starch obtaining in the first step, then drips 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally adds the DMF of 10g, reaction at 40 ℃;
The 4th step, product adds 8L ethanol to white precipitate to separate out, and filters, and product, is dried to constant weight under the vacuum condition of 50 ℃ than the mixing, washing of ethanol: water=1:1 3 times by quality, obtains product.
7. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that: the bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, white wine grass and loranthus parasiticus.
8. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that: the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part～55 weight parts, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part～30 weight parts, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part～35 weight parts, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part～45 weight parts, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part～35 weight parts, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part～25 weight parts, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part～20 weight parts, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part～30 weight parts, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part～30 weight parts, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part～20 weight parts, white wine grass 15 weight part～25 weight parts and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part～20 weight parts.
9. the plant cover concrete as described in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially described each raw material medicaments in part by weight is mixed, add the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 3～4 times of its quality is 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours, filter, filter residue adds the ethanol that the determining alcohol with respect to 2～3 times of its quality is 95% again, and heating and refluxing extraction 2～3 hours is filtered, filtered liquid merges, the concentrated ethanol of removing, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
10. the preparation method of the plant cover concrete described in claim 1 to 9, is characterized in that: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, sends in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
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Denomination of invention: Special vegetation concrete for slope protection and greening using polymer aggregate technology Effective date of registration: 20230829 Granted publication date: 20160120 Pledgee: China Minsheng Banking Corp Qingdao branch Pledgor: QINGDAO ZHONGKE KUNTAI ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023370010094 |