CN103689278A - Stichopus japonicus dish-shaped granulated feed - Google Patents
Stichopus japonicus dish-shaped granulated feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103689278A CN103689278A CN201310681984.XA CN201310681984A CN103689278A CN 103689278 A CN103689278 A CN 103689278A CN 201310681984 A CN201310681984 A CN 201310681984A CN 103689278 A CN103689278 A CN 103689278A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stichopus japonicus dish-shaped granulated feed, which belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds. The bottom side of the feed is planar circle-shaped, and the upper surface is arc-shaped. Due to the unique shape of the stichopus japonicus granule, the resistance of the granule in water and feed conveying pipelines is reduced, and the feed is applicable to a mechanical feeding mode; in addition, due to the advantages that the side part of the dish-shaped granulated feed is thin and easy to be floppy and the middle part is thick and long in shape-preserving time, the ingestion time of stichopus japonicus is prolonged; the feed is rich in nutrition, natural phycocolloid sodium alginate is high in adhesion capability, the components of the feed are not easy to be lost, small cultivation water pollution is caused, and the problem that a great deal of feed is wasted in stichopus japonicus cultivation modes such as net cage, caisson box, hung cage, factory and pond is solved; the food coefficient is about 1.5, the feed conversion rate is high, the cultivation cost is saved, and the cultivation benefits are increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic feeds field, be specifically related to a kind of stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, for children's ginseng, cultivate with becoming to join.
Background technology
Stichopus japonicus belongs to Echinodermata (Echinodemata), Holothuroidea (Holothuroidea), imitative stichopus japonicus belongs to (Apostichopus), is the traditional famous and precious marine product of China, because its edibility and medical value occupy first of marine products eight delicacies.It is littoral that stichopus japonicus is mainly distributed in the Chinese Yellow Bohai Sea, Russian east, Japan and Korea S.The total sea cucumber kind kind more than 1100 in the whole world, has more than 100 to plant at China Seas, and wherein edible have a kind more than 20.
Enter 21 century, the aquaculture of stichopus japonicus is developed rapidly, has formed one and take Shandong, Liaoning, Coast of Hebei Province as main producing region and extend to the coastal aquaculture industrial colony in Zhejiang, Fujian with north and south relay form.Going from strength to strength of apostichopus japonicus culture scale, impels aquaculture model to be cultivated by the cultivation of traditional cofferdam, pond culture cage culture, cage cultivation, the caisson that to make full use of breeding spaces that develop gradually.Obviously, traditional pond culture Powdered feed used can not meet the requirement of the cultivation of cage culture, cage, caisson cultivation, otherwise can cause feed fast, run off in a large number.Some poultry feeders starts to attempt with fish meal and the fresh sea-tangle sheet stichopus japonicus that cage cultivates of throwing something and feeding.But, the higher breeding environment that affects stichopus japonicus of algin content in sea-tangle, nutritional labeling is single simultaneously, affects to a certain extent the growth of stichopus japonicus.Subsequently, the sheet feed stuff of research and development moves towards market, substantially meets the requirement of Novel cultivation pattern.But sheet feed stuff because of its shape even, defeated and dispersed time consistency, affects stichopus japonicus and ingests.In addition, sheet feed stuff is also unsuitable for mechanization and throws something and feeds, and easily stops up the pipeline of throwing something and feeding; Resistance in water is also larger, dispersed poor.
There is the diversified while in aquaculture model, the appearance variation that the feed that also requirement is thrown something and fed adapts.The dish shape pellet of making to measure for cage culture, cage cultivation, caisson cultivation has made up the deficiency of Powdered feed in modernization aquaculture model completely, is also applicable to traditional aquaculture model simultaneously.The tradition breeding way powder materials of generally throwing something and feeding, easily disperses, but easily ruins water quality.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, and it is according to the variation of the eating habit of stichopus japonicus and feed substances composition, the Novel pellet feed of developing for the diversification of modern apostichopus japonicus culture pattern.Fundamentally solved that Powdered feed nutrition material easily runs off, the defeated and dispersed time consistency of sheet feed stuff, can not meet the problem that stichopus japonicus ingests for a long time, feed of the present invention has met the requirement that multiple aquaculture model and mechanization are thrown something and fed to feed simultaneously, saves time, laborsaving, material-saving; Feed nutrition is comprehensive, can effectively promote health, the Fast Growth of stichopus japonicus.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, its lower surface is a planar rondure, and upper surface is circular arc, and described feed is solid.
Further, the lower surface planar rondure radius of described dish shape feed is 1.0～2.0cm, the described high 0.5～1.0cm of upper surface circular arc.
Further, constituent and the mass percent of described stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet are:
Sargassum powder 20～30%: sargassum thunbergii powder 10～15%: Kelp Powder 20～35%: fish meal 10～15%: dusty yeast 5～13%: oyster shell whiting 3～5%: phagostimulant 1～2%: B B-complex 2 ‰: immunopotentiator 2 ‰: sodium alginate 1～3%;
The present invention also provides a kind of processing method of stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, takes raw meal and is broken to 100～200 orders, is placed in mixer and fully stirs and evenly mixs; Tablet press machine has dish shape mould, and the moist diet raw material mixing is squeezed into dish shape in tablet press machine, makes the dish shape particle demoulding of moulding by the suction-operated of conveyer belt, then the dry dish shape pellet that obtains.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
1, compare with traditional Powdered feed, pellet of the present invention sinks to bottom at once after throwing something and feeding, and can not cause muddiness and the nutrient loss of breeding water body; Stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet of the present invention shape-retaining ability in water body is higher, generally can maintain 3d left and right, and the scatter ratio, scatter and disappear ratio of nutritional labeling significantly reduces, and can not cause breeding water body to pollute, and saves feed simultaneously, fundamentally reduces aquaculture cost, improves culture benefit;
2, compare with sheet feed stuff, dish shape pellet resistance in water body is little, easily disperseed by dynamic action, is applicable to the pattern of throwing something and feeding of mechanization, such as various modes such as cage culture, caisson cultivation, cage cultivation, batch production, pond cultures;
3, solid dish shape particle has the distinctive appearance of thin edge, thick middle, and first edge is comparatively fast soft after meeting water, and middle still can the conformal long period, thereby stichopus japonicus can promptly ingest from edge, then the middle part of progressively ingesting, and has extended ingest time.On the contrary, sheet feed stuff is because of its even thickness, and the harder stichopus japonicus of the initial time of throwing something and feeding cannot ingest; Defeated and dispersed time consistency of later stage, cause stichopus japonicus ingest time short, waste many.By culture experiment, observe discovery, stichopus japonicus has taxis and actively forage behavior to dish shape pellet simultaneously.
4, the present invention's feed nutrition of filling a prescription is abundant, good palatability, and the stichopus japonicus speed of growth of feeding is very fast, and to compare its feed coefficient suitable with Powdered feed, is 1.5～1.70, can substitute Powdered feed completely and carry out apostichopus japonicus culture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 feed granules shape of the present invention schematic diagram; R: lower surface plane radius of a circle; H: the height of dish shape pellet;
The impact contrast of Fig. 2 diet shape on the SGR of the FCR of feed, stichopus japonicus.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, by reference to the accompanying drawings technical scheme of the present invention is further explained, but protection scope of the present invention is not subject to any pro forma restriction of embodiment.
1, feedstuff is crushed to respectively to 100～200 orders, proportioning according to sargassum powder 30%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10%, Kelp Powder 35%, fish meal 10%, dusty yeast 8%, oyster shell whiting 4%, phagostimulant 1%, B B-complex 2 ‰, immunopotentiator 2 ‰, takes raw material and mixes;
2, in feed, add adhesive sodium alginate 1.6%, be placed in mixer and fully stir; Tablet press machine has a plurality of dish shape moulds, the moist diet mixing is squeezed into dish shape in tablet press machine, by the suction-operated of conveyer belt, make the dish shape particle demoulding of moulding, then be dried and obtain solid dish shape pellet, described solid dish shape pellet lower surface is the planar rondure of radius R 1.5cm, upper surface is the circular arc of high 0.5～0.6cm, is also the height H of dish shape pellet, as shown in Figure 1.
Apostichopus japonicus culture experiment:
In the culturing pool of Jiangnan, Qingdao apostichopus japonicus culture factory, schedule to last the culture experiment of 60d, select the healthy stichopus japonicus of 20g left and right as cultivation object.Experimental group and two processed group of control group are established in experiment, and each three of processing is parallel.Wherein, the stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet that experimental group is thrown something and fed and made, the Powdered feed that control group is thrown something and fed and mixed by stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet charge ratio.
As seen from Figure 2: compare with Powdered feed, both feed coefficients (FCR, all with feed dry weight basis) are suitable, are 1.5 left and right; Throw something and feed the sea cucumber specific growth rate (SGR) of dish shape pellet than the raising of control group 18.49%, and visible dish shape pellet can substitute traditional Powdered feed completely and carry out apostichopus japonicus culture.Experiment is observed and is found: after the feed of throwing something and feeding, stichopus japonicus majority, to particle moving, concentrates on around particle gradually, illustrates that stichopus japonicus has taxis and actively forage behavior to dish-shaped pellet.
Embodiment 2
The mechanization of the apostichopus japonicus Selenka feed experiment of throwing something and feeding:
The mechanization of carrying out feed in the caisson of Peng Lai apostichopus japonicus culture factory experiment of throwing something and feeding, the experimental group stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet of throwing something and feeding, the control group stichopus japonicus commercialization sheet feed stuff of throwing something and feeding, each process three parallel.
Pellet is implemented to throw something and feed by pneumatic bait feeding machine.The resistance of the stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet of experimental group in bait conveyance conduit and water is less, applies after power and easily disperses, and substantially can spread all over whole net cage; The stichopus japonicus sheet feed stuff resistance of control group is larger, easily stops up bait conveyance conduit, and the dispersion range in net cage is also less.Therefore, stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet is more suitable for the throw something and feed multiple apostichopus japonicus culture pattern such as net cage, caisson, cage, batch production, pond of mode of mechanization.
Claims (4)
1. a stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, its lower surface is a planar rondure, and upper surface is circular arc, and described feed is solid.
2. a kind of stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet according to claim 1, is characterized in that the lower surface planar rondure radius of described dish shape feed is 1.0～2.0cm, the high 0.5～1.0cm of upper surface circular arc.
3. a kind of stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet according to claim 1, is characterized in that the composition of described feed and mass percent are:
Sargassum powder 20～30%, sargassum thunbergii powder 10～15%, Kelp Powder 20～35%, fish meal 10～15%, dusty yeast 5～13%, oyster shell whiting 3～5%, phagostimulant 1～2%, B B-complex 2 ‰, immunopotentiator 2 ‰, sodium alginate 1～3%.
4. a processing method for stichopus japonicus dish shape pellet, takes raw meal according to feedstuff composition composition claimed in claim 3 and mass percent and is broken to 100～200 orders, is placed in mixer and fully stirs and evenly mixs; Tablet press machine has dish shape mould, and the moist diet raw material mixing is squeezed into dish shape in tablet press machine, makes the dish shape pellet demoulding of moulding by the suction-operated of conveyer belt, then the dry dish shape pellet that obtains.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN105053785A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 石家庄宁而乐农业科技开发有限公司 | Health-care burdock root flour and preparation method thereof |
| CN106071353A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of Apostichopus japonicus cultivation feed and preparation method thereof and feeding method |
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| CN105053785A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 石家庄宁而乐农业科技开发有限公司 | Health-care burdock root flour and preparation method thereof |
| CN106071353A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of Apostichopus japonicus cultivation feed and preparation method thereof and feeding method |
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