CN103649371B - 气缸工作面以及气缸套的制造方法 - Google Patents
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于制造内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的气缸工作面的方法,所述方法的特征在于具有下列工艺步骤:(a)预先珩磨由铸铁材料制成的气缸套的内表面,从而在该表面中形成凹陷部;(b)将含锌的涂层材料涂敷到经预先珩磨的表面上;(c)这样最终珩磨经涂层的表面,即,该含锌的涂层材料仅保留在通过预先珩磨所形成的凹陷部中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制造内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的气缸工作面以及气缸套的方法。
背景技术
气缸套通常由钢材或铸铁材料制成。但是由铸铁材料制成的气缸套很容易受到腐蚀。虽然已知气缸套的工作面以电镀的方式设有耐腐蚀和耐磨损的涂层,例如,基于铬的涂层。但是这样对物料成本以及制造工艺成本有不利的影响。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的在于,提高由铸铁材料制成的气缸套的耐腐蚀性。此外需要降低材料成本和制造成本。
实现方案是具有下列工艺步骤的方法:(a)预先珩磨由铸铁材料制成的气缸套的内表面,从而在该表面中形成凹陷部;(b)将含锌的涂层材料涂敷到经预先珩磨的表面上;(c)这样最终珩磨经涂层的表面,即,该含锌的涂层材料仅保留在通过预先珩磨所形成的凹陷部中。
此外,本发明的主体是能够依据根据本发明的方法制造的、由铸铁材料构成的、气缸体曲轴箱的气缸套。
根据本发明的方法的特征在于,通过阴极保护作用实现了针对腐蚀侵蚀的有效防护。在腐蚀过程中首先氧化的是锌,而不是包含在铸铁材料中的铁。包含在涂层中的锌被完全氧化之后,才能够观察到对铁的腐蚀作用。因此明显延迟了对铸铁材料的腐蚀侵害并且大大提高了根据本发明加工的气缸套的使用寿命。
借助于根据本发明的方法在气缸套的内表面上获得了涂层,在该内表面上,含锌的涂层材料仅保留在凹陷部中,该凹陷部是通过预先珩磨引入到该表面上的。因此,以非常少的涂层材料消耗量实现了有效的防腐蚀作用。
从属权利要求中给出了有利的扩展方案。
在步骤(b)中给经珩磨的表面方便地进行涂膜镀锌,也就是说,在无需热效应的条件下设置含锌涂层。
适用于步骤(b)的含锌涂层材料特别是无机的锌涂料,例如含有锌粉的水性无机硅酸锌,该硅酸锌含有至少92重量%的锌。这种锌涂料耐高温直至600℃。市场上常见的产品是德国Zinga公司的“Aquazinga”锌涂料。
为了确保尽可能完全地用涂层材料填充通过预先珩磨而引入表面中的凹陷部,优选在步骤(b)中借助于削刮工艺涂敷含锌涂层。
然而,也可以在步骤(b)中以已知的方式使用含锌钢丝或含锌粉末通过热喷涂、冷气喷涂或真空喷射的方法涂敷涂层材料。
根据本发明的方法的一个特别优选的设计在于,在预先珩磨之后并且在涂敷含锌的涂层材料之前将袋状的凹陷部引入到经预先珩磨的表面中。这种类型的凹陷部或“袋子”使得在最终珩磨之后有较多量的含锌涂层剂留在制成的气缸套工作面上,因为该含锌涂层剂不仅留在通过珩磨引入到表面中的凹陷部中,而且还留在珩磨之后引入到表面中的袋状凹陷部中。
采用适宜的方式,在表面中引入最大深度为100μm的袋状凹陷部和/或在表面上引入直径为30μm至50μm的袋状凹陷部,以实现在表面上的均匀分布。
优选在表面上引入占表面2%至10%份额的凹陷部。从而获得抗腐蚀性和涂层剂消耗量之间最佳的比例。
例如可以借助激光处理将袋状的凹陷部引入表面中。
具体实施方式
下面详细说明本发明的实施例。
根据本发明加工由商业上通用的铸铁材料构成的气缸套内表面。对此首先以已知的方式借助钻孔工具钻出内孔。对此,为内直径设置规定的尺寸、规定的圆柱度和粗糙度。由此为接下来的工艺步骤准备气缸套的内表面。
在接下来的工艺步骤中,使用珩磨工具通过粗珩磨加工气缸套的内表面,其中珩磨工具的珩磨条将材料从气缸套的内表面磨刻下来。这样在尺寸、圆柱度和粗糙度方面改善了内直径的精确度。同时将规定的凹陷部(“珩磨凹槽”)引入到气缸套的内表面中。通过选取珩磨条的粒度能够以已知的方式确定在气缸套的内表面上的凹陷部的数量、深度和分布。
在粗珩磨之后,借助喷涂方式用锌涂料对气缸套的内表面进行涂层。在此用锌涂料填充由珩磨工具引入的凹陷部。
在锌涂料固化之后,在下一个步骤中进行基底珩磨。对此首先将凹陷部外部的锌涂料铲平,直至磨出气缸套的材料。然后,去除一定量的气缸套材料。由此,在气缸套的内表面区域中仅留下积聚在凹陷部中的锌涂料。通过选取珩磨条的粒度和气缸套材料的去除量调整规定的、锌涂料所占的表面份额。同时降低了内表面的粗糙度并且改善了圆柱度。
在最后的一个步骤中,以已知的方式进行平台珩磨,根据所选取的珩磨条粒度和材料的去除量由此得到气缸套的内表面的表面结构的平台状平面布置。此外,调整了所希望的、锌涂料最终所占的表面份额并且优化了圆柱度。
气缸套内表面的加工实例的参数可以从表格1获得。
表格1
在另一个实施例中如上所述地加工由铸铁材料构成的内表面。唯一不同的是,在粗珩磨之后并且在涂层之前通过激光进一步加工表面,从而将额外的袋状凹陷部引入到经珩磨的气缸套内表面中。
气缸套内表面的加工实例的参数可以从表格2获得。
表格2
Claims (11)
1.一种用于制造内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的气缸工作面的方法,所述方法的特征在于具有下列工艺步骤:
(a)预先珩磨由铸铁材料制成的气缸套的内表面,从而在所述表面中形成凹陷部;
(b)将含锌的涂层材料涂敷到经预先珩磨的表面上;
(c)这样最终珩磨经涂层的表面,即,含锌的涂层材料仅保留在通过预先珩磨所形成的凹陷部中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(b)中给经珩磨的表面进行涂膜镀锌。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(b)中使用无机的锌涂料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(b)中借助于削刮工艺涂敷含锌涂层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(b)中使用含锌钢丝或含锌粉末通过热喷涂、冷气喷涂或真空喷射的方法涂敷涂层材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(a)和步骤(b)之间将袋状的凹陷部引入到经预选珩磨的表面中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述表面中引入最大深度为100μm的袋状凹陷部。
8.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述表面中引入直径为30μm至50μm的袋状凹陷部。
9.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述表面中引入占表面2%至10%份额的袋状凹陷部。
10.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,借助激光处理法将袋状凹陷部引入所述表面中。
11.由铸铁材料构成的、用于内燃机的气缸体曲轴箱的气缸套,所述气缸套借助根据权利要求1至10中任意一项所述方法制造。
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DE102011106564.8 | 2011-07-05 | ||
DE102011106564A DE102011106564A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2011-07-05 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Zylinderlauffläche sowie Zylinderlaufbuchse |
PCT/DE2012/000668 WO2013004213A1 (de) | 2011-07-05 | 2012-07-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer zylinderlauffläche sowie zylinderlaufbuchse |
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DE102015213896A1 (de) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Beschichtung eines metallischen Werkzeugs und Bauteil |
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DE102016110007A1 (de) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-11-30 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Zylinder für einen Hubkolbenmotor und Verfahren zur Endbearbeitung eines Zylinders für einen Hubkolbenmotor |
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JP7011433B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-28 | 2022-02-10 | 株式会社Subaru | 遮熱膜を有するエンジン構成部材及び該エンジン構成部材の製造方法。 |
DE102018215389A1 (de) * | 2018-09-11 | 2020-03-12 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Verfahren für ein Beschichten eines Bauteils und beschichtetes Bauteil |
DE102018127774A1 (de) * | 2018-11-07 | 2020-05-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Bauteil sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils |
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- 2012-07-04 EP EP12755776.7A patent/EP2729596B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-07-04 WO PCT/DE2012/000668 patent/WO2013004213A1/de active Application Filing
- 2012-07-04 US US14/130,514 patent/US9488126B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-07-04 BR BR112014000145A patent/BR112014000145A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9488126B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
BR112014000145A2 (pt) | 2017-02-07 |
EP2729596A1 (de) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103649371A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
JP6092202B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
US20140144404A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 |
EP2729596B1 (de) | 2015-09-09 |
JP2014527135A (ja) | 2014-10-09 |
WO2013004213A1 (de) | 2013-01-10 |
DE102011106564A1 (de) | 2013-01-10 |
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