CN103642113A - 微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103642113A
CN103642113A CN201310719077.XA CN201310719077A CN103642113A CN 103642113 A CN103642113 A CN 103642113A CN 201310719077 A CN201310719077 A CN 201310719077A CN 103642113 A CN103642113 A CN 103642113A
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silica fume
polyethylene
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石文建
杨再祥
吴毅
雷勇
魏喜苹
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GUIZHOU LANTU NEW MATERIALS CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法,按重量份数计算,包括40~98份聚乙烯、1~50份微硅粉、0.1~5份表面改性剂以及0.5~5份分散剂。本发明将微硅粉进行表面改性后,再聚乙烯混合,并在混合过程中加入分散剂,在设定好挤出机螺杆的转速及挤出温度下进行熔融挤出造粒,以获得性能优异的微硅粉改性聚乙烯母粒。本发明能有效解决聚乙烯拉伸强度和抗冲击性能差等缺点,改善了聚乙烯材料的抗蠕变性能和耐热性能,微硅粉改性聚乙烯复合材料综合性能优良,可进行连续生产。

Description

微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及高分子科学领域,尤其是一种微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚乙烯是乙烯单体通过聚合得到的一种热塑性树脂。聚乙烯树脂来源范围广,价格低廉,加工性能好,大量应用在日用品、外包装、汽车车体、建筑行业以及家用电器等方面。聚乙烯没有刺激性气味、几乎没有毒性,具有良好的耐低温性能,化学稳定性优异,能耐大多数酸碱,常温下不溶于一般溶剂,吸湿性较小,电绝缘性能好等。但聚乙烯对于环境应力(化学与机械作用)很敏感,耐热以及老化性较差。聚乙烯按照分类方式 可以分成三类:(1)低密度聚乙烯、高压聚乙烯,简称LDPE;(2)线性低密度聚乙烯,简称LLDPE;(3)高密度聚乙烯、低压聚乙烯,简称HDPE。聚乙烯成型具有流动性能好,收缩比例大等特点。
微硅粉又称硅灰或凝聚硅灰,外观为灰色或灰白色粉末。其平均粒径在0.1~0.3um,比表面积较大。其细度和比表面积约为水泥的80~100倍,粉煤灰的50~70倍。微硅粉是冶炼硅铁和工业硅(金属硅)的副产物,矿热电炉内产生出大量挥发性很强的SiO2和Si气体,气体排放后与空气迅速氧化冷凝沉淀而生成的。它是大工业冶炼中,整个过程需要用除尘环保设备进行回收,因为质量比较轻,还需要用加密设备进行加密。微硅粉在形成过程中受表面张力的作用,形成了非结晶相无定形圆球状颗粒,表面较为光滑,有些则是多个圆球颗粒粘在一起的团聚体,微小的球状体可以起到润滑的作用。
中国专利公开号CN103232718A,于2013年8月7日公开了“微硅粉/SBS复合改性沥青及其制备方法”。该专利是采用微硅粉填充到沥青中,得到复合改性的沥青,提高沥青基材的粘合性、耐热性和抗老化性,可节约沥青的使用量,降低生产成本。
中国专利公开号CN102775913A,于2012年11月14日公开了“ 一种利用工业废料微硅粉制作的涂料及其制备方法”。该发明涉及一种利用工业废料微硅粉制作的涂料及其制备方法,该发明充分利用工业废料微硅粉,使其变废为宝,减轻环境压力;且因原料廉价,涂料具有较好的成本优势,同时具有结构致密、填隙良好、附着牢固、色泽雅致的优点。
可见,现有技术主要是将微硅粉作为填料添加到沥青或涂料中,并未涉及到作为增强聚乙烯材料内。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:提供一种微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料及其制备方法,它不仅能降低生产成本,还改善了聚乙烯材料的抗蠕变性能和耐热性能,以克服现有技术的不足。
本发明是这样实现的:微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,按重量份数计算,包括40~98份聚乙烯、1~50份微硅粉、0.1~5份表面改性剂以及0.5~5份分散剂。
所述的表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或硬脂酸中的一种或几种的任意组合。
所述的分散剂为聚乙烯蜡或改性乙撑双硬脂酰胺。
还包括0.1~5份抗老化剂,抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料的制备方法,按上述重量份数取各组分,将微硅粉与表面改性剂进行混合,混合温度为50℃,混合2h后,获得改性的微硅粉;将改性的微硅在温度为100℃的条件下真空干燥6h,获得干燥的改性微硅粉;将干燥的改性微硅粉与聚乙烯及分散剂充分混合均匀后,加入挤出机熔融挤出造粒并干燥后,获得微硅粉改性聚乙烯母粒。
挤出机螺杆的转速为300rpm及挤出温度分别为一区170℃、二区180℃、三区190℃、四区200℃、五区200℃、机头190℃。
将干燥的改性微硅粉与聚乙烯及分散剂进行混合时,同时还加入0.1~5份抗老化剂。
由于采用了上述的技术方案,本发明将微硅粉进行表面改性后,再聚乙烯混合,并在混合过程中加入分散剂,在设定好挤出机螺杆的转速及挤出温度下进行熔融挤出造粒,以获得性能优异的微硅粉改性聚乙烯母粒。加工过程中,通过控制微硅粉、改性剂、分散剂的添加量,以及混合挤出时的温度及螺杆转速来有效控制改性聚乙烯的力学性能,通过改性微硅粉添加到聚乙烯材料中,一定程度上能有效解决聚乙烯拉伸强度和抗冲击性能差等缺点。本发明生产方法简单,制备出的微硅粉改性聚乙烯复合材料强度和韧性得到了大幅提高,通过填充微硅粉,降低了生产成本,改善了聚乙烯材料的抗蠕变性能和耐热性能,微硅粉改性聚乙烯复合材料综合性能优良,可进行连续生产。采用微硅粉作为一种填料添加到聚乙烯材料中,可以减轻工业废物微硅粉对环境的压力,能达到变废为宝的目的。本发明可广泛的应用于建材、家电、建筑及土工材料等领域,综合性能较好,具有一定的市场竞争力。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例1:微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,按重量份数计算,包括70份聚乙烯、25份微硅粉、0.4份表面改性剂、4份分散剂以及0.6份抗老化剂;表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂;分散剂为聚乙烯蜡;抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料的制备方法,按上述重量份数取各组分,将微硅粉与表面改性剂进行混合,混合温度为50℃,混合2h后,获得改性的微硅粉;将改性的微硅在温度为100℃的条件下真空干燥6h,获得干燥的改性微硅粉;将干燥的改性微硅粉、聚乙烯、抗老化剂及分散剂充分混合均匀后,加入挤出机熔融挤出造粒并干燥后,获得微硅粉改性聚乙烯母粒;挤出机螺杆的转速及挤出温度分别为挤出机螺杆的转速为300rpm及挤出温度分别为一区170℃、二区180℃、三区190℃、四区200℃、五区200℃、机头190℃。
实验结果表明:纯聚乙烯材料冲击强度为710J/m,拉伸强度为19.5MPa,添加25份微硅粉于聚乙烯,复合材料的冲击强度提高41.2%,拉伸强度提高34.5%。
本发明的实施例2:微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,按重量份数计算,包括80份聚乙烯、15份微硅粉、0.2份表面改性剂、4份分散剂以及0.8份抗老化剂;表面改性剂为钛酸酯偶联剂;分散剂为改性乙撑双硬脂酰胺;抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法同实施例1。
实验结果表明:纯聚乙烯材料冲击强度为710J/m,拉伸强度为19.5MPa,添加15份微硅粉于聚乙烯,复合材料的冲击强度提高56.8%,拉伸强度提高23.5%。
本发明的实施例3:微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,按重量份数计算,包括85份聚乙烯、10份微硅粉、0.6份表面改性剂、4份分散剂以及0.4份抗老化剂;表面改性剂为硬脂酸;分散剂为聚乙烯蜡;抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法同实施例1。
实验结果表明:纯聚乙烯材料冲击强度为710J/m,拉伸强度为19.5MPa,添加10份微硅粉于聚乙烯,复合材料的冲击强度提高38.4%,拉伸强度提高25.3%。
本发明的实施例4:微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,按重量份数计算,包括90份聚乙烯、5份微硅粉、0.6份表面改性剂、4份分散剂以及0.4份抗老化剂;表面改性剂为等量的硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或硬脂酸组成;分散剂为聚乙烯蜡;抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
制备方法同实施例1。
实验结果表明:纯聚乙烯材料冲击强度为710J/m,拉伸强度为19.5MPa,添加5份微硅粉于聚乙烯,复合材料的冲击强度提高18.7%,拉伸强度提高21.6%。

Claims (7)

1.一种微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,其特征在于:按重量份数计算,包括40~98份聚乙烯、1~50份微硅粉、0.1~5份表面改性剂以及0.5~5份分散剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,其特征在于:所述的表面改性剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或硬脂酸中的一种或几种的任意组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,其特征在于:所述的分散剂为聚乙烯蜡或改性乙撑双硬脂酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料,其特征在于:还包括0.1~5份抗老化剂,抗老化剂为纳米二氧化钛。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料的制备方法,其特征在于:按上述重量份数取各组分,将微硅粉与表面改性剂进行混合,混合温度为50℃,混合2h后,获得改性的微硅粉;将改性的微硅在温度为100℃的条件下真空干燥6h,获得干燥的改性微硅粉;将干燥的改性微硅粉与聚乙烯及分散剂充分混合均匀后,加入挤出机熔融挤出造粒并干燥后,获得微硅粉改性聚乙烯母粒。
6.根据权利要求5所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料的制备方法,其特征在于:挤出机螺杆的转速为300rpm及挤出温度分别为一区170℃、二区180℃、三区190℃、四区200℃、五区200℃、机头190℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的微硅粉增强聚乙烯材料的制备方法,其特征在于:将干燥的改性微硅粉与聚乙烯及分散剂进行混合时,同时还加入0.1~5份抗老化剂。
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CN115558201A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-01-03 江苏永顺新材料科技有限公司 一种耐腐蚀的高分子组合物及制备得到的塑料水箱
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CN115584070A (zh) * 2022-02-25 2023-01-10 江苏永顺新材料科技有限公司 一种耐老化的高分子组合物及其应用

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