CN103628877B - A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method - Google Patents
A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multilayer gentle dip thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.Its technical scheme is: the method comprises nugget division and adopts cuts work arrangement, transport and exploitation and filling.It is be panel by the ore body division in the stage that mineral deposit wherein divides, (2) are gone up a hill at the bottom of ore layer (1) driving along orebody strike, along going up a hill, both sides ore body division is mineral building (15) and ore pillar (14) by (2), stays ore pillar of going up a hill (18) centered by go up a hill (2).Panel adopts three step back production, a step rooming (15), two step stooping pillarings (14), and three step back production are gone up a hill ore pillar (18); After mineral building (15) or ore pillar (14) back production complete, by (2) filling gravity vent (10) through being communicated with stope bashing (11) downwards of going up a hill of higher slice, last to go up a hill ore pillar (18) along (2) three step back production from the bottom to top of going up a hill in units of panel, the ore pillar of going up a hill (18) in next panel of back production after filling.The present invention has the advantages that mining rate is high, ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low and mining cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thin-in Cut-and-fill Mining Technology field, thick mineral deposit.Particularly relate to a kind of multilayer gentle dip thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.
Background technology
A large amount of gentle dip is thin-in the exploitation in thick mineral deposit mainly adopt room-and-pillar method and Caving Method with Large Space.The outstanding shortcoming of room-and-pillar method stays to establish ore pillar to be difficult to reclaim in time, and ore losses is comparatively large, and the top board that large area dead zone is brought out collapses and emits and can form major safety risks to subsequent production.The outstanding shortcoming of Caving Method with Large Space to cause surface subsidence, is unfavorable for that ground surface environment is protected.Therefore, people adopt traditional method of mining by the way of filling, i.e. first production ore, build filling counterfort by laying bricks or stones at stope edge, behind tailing cemented filling goaf, then continue production ore, ore recovery ratio and stoping safety high.But traditional filling method mining intensity is low, faces replacement complex management, cause mining cost also corresponding increase.
For multilayer gentle dip thin-in thick mineral deposit, generally along ore bed layer-by-layer mining, the mining design of applicability is not carried out for the feature in multilayer mineral deposit, each layering is all tunneled a large amount of adopting and is cut tunnel, each layering independently working, the contact between layering is less, causes adopting cutting than greatly, adopt cut journey long construction period, mining cost is higher.Part mine adopts open stope afterwards filling mining method, and packing job and the interlaced impact of actual mining operation, the poor continuity of exploitation, causes mining rate low, and production capacity is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, object be to provide the multilayer gentle dip that a kind of ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low, mining cost is low thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method; The method, while guarantee stope job safety, can reduce to adopt and cuts tunnelling amount and ensure the continuous high tension coal mining in panel.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
1) nugget divides and adopts and cuts work arrangement
1. nugget divides
Mineral deposit is divided into the stage, and each layering ore body division in the stage is panel.Go up a hill along orebody strike at the bottom of ore layer driving, be mineral building and ore pillar along going up a hill both sides ore body division, mineral building and ore pillar are interlaced arrangement.
2. adopt and cut work arrangement
By driving rock drilling lane in the middle of each upper the direction which a grave faces stope, except in the stage undermost go up a hill except, creep into filling gravity vent respectively downwards at the base plate of going up a hill of all the other each layerings, each each filling gravity vent be drilled with of going up a hill is communicated with stope at the peak of each corresponding stope end top board through dirt band.In stage in the going up a hill and be arranged in the stage above the superiors' ore body dirt band of the superiors, in the stage the superiors the distance stage of going up a hill in the superiors ore body 4 ~ 6m.Except the going up a hill of the superiors in the stage, centered by all the other are respectively gone up a hill, stay ore pillar of going up a hill respectively.Panel drop shaft is arranged in and is arranged in panel and goes up a hill the ore pillar of bottom, is communicated with belt road bottom the drop shaft of panel, and panel drop shaft upwards extends and is communicated with going up a hill of layering each in the stage.Belt road is arranged in undermost below of going up a hill in the stage, and the lower disposed in belt road has main chute, is communicated with bottom main chute with stage transportation roadway.Ramp is arranged in the two ends of going up a hill, and ramp is communicated with the going up a hill of each layering, belt road and stage transportation roadway from top to bottom.
2) transport
Ore in stope is transported to panel drop shaft by scraper, by the vibration ore dumping machine in the drop shaft of panel to the belt ore drawing in belt road, then through belt-conveying to main chute, then by the vibration ore dumping machine in main chute to the mine car ore drawing in stage transportation roadway.
3) exploitation and filling
Three step back production are divided in panel: a step rooming, two step stooping pillarings after tailing cemented filling, then after tailing cemented filling, three step back production are gone up a hill ore pillar, last tailing cemented filling three step stope.A step back production in panel and two step back production are carried out from the bottom to top successively along going up a hill, and three step back production in panel are carried out from the bottom to top along going up a hill.Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete.
If the multiple stopes in multiple panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: the exploitation 1. in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to lower leaf two corresponding panels and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf is carried out after completing.
A described step back production and filling are: during a step back production, enter mineral building by going up a hill, by mineral building end to direction drawing back of going up a hill.With rock drilling lane for working space, creep into shallow bore hole to both sides and top board direction, after shallow blasting, transport ore.If when orebody thickness is less than 3.5 ~ 4m, once adopts entirely thick, if when orebody thickness is greater than 3.5 ~ 4m, first undercut, more upwards caunch.Time near back production to panel drop shaft, stay drop shaft safety pillar.If the stope that back production can cause drop shaft to join lane cannot be used, carries out when three step back production is then stayed in the back production of described stope.When back production is to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane, pre-buried filter pipe in the filling counterfort in shutoff rock drilling lane, carries out tailing cemented filling by going up a hill of higher slice downwards through filling gravity vent.
Two described step back production and filling are: except mineral building is ore pillar, and all the other are identical with filling with a step back production.
Three described step back production and filling are: during three step back production, will go up a hill as drilling drift, and in units of panel, back production from the bottom to top, ore is transported to panel drop shaft.Time near back production to panel drop shaft, stay drop shaft safety pillar, shutoff drop shaft connection lane.After pillar recovery of going up a hill in panel completes, shutoff is gone up a hill, by going up a hill, upper ramps road carries out tailing cemented filling to goaf, form obturation, in obturation pre-buried filter pipe and pre-buried next panel go up a hill pillar recovery time ventilating duct, after obturation final set, along the ore pillar of going up a hill in the next panel of working to the rise of going up a hill.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
Each layering ore body division is panel by the present invention, mineral building and ore pillar interlaced arrangement, can multiple panel, multiple stope exploit simultaneously.Meanwhile, in panel, the back production of different stope and the parallel operations of filling energy, do not interfere with each other.Adopt scraper ore removal, achieve continuous high tension coal mining, improve mine capacity.
Three step back production are divided in panel by the present invention, classifying rationally mineral building and ore pillar, and only leave a little drop shaft safety pillar, ore recovery ratio is high; Rock drilling lane is all tunneled along ore body base plate with going up a hill, and adopt shallow bore hole driling explosion, can control ore limits well, ore dilution rate is low.
The fresh distinguished and admirable ramp by bottom of going up a hill in the present invention joins lane to going up a hill through ramp, enter each stope again and wash away work plane, dirty wind enters after going up a hill of higher slice through filling gravity vent, and the ramp through top of going up a hill enters return aircourse, vent line is simple, and ventilation effect is better.
Ramp in the present invention, to go up a hill and all there are the multiple uses such as pedestrian, ventilation and trackless equipment walking in rock drilling lane, article one, go up a hill and serve the multiple stope in both sides, the filling gravity vent crept into downwards at the base plate of going up a hill of higher slice do to ventilate and filling dual-purpose, going up a hill of higher slice uses as the ventilation of lower leaf and stowboard, adopt the transport of belt road can avoid tunneling a large amount of haulage drifts, by these rational roadway layout, under the requirement of satisfied exploitation, adopt that to cut tunnelling amount little, reduce to adopt and cut ratio.
Of the present inventionly adopt the minimizing of cutting tunnelling amount, the raising of mining rate and ore recovery ratio, and the reduction of the rate of dilution, all reduce mining cost.
Therefore, the present invention is while guarantee stope job safety, and can reduce to adopt and cut tunnelling amount and ensure the continuous high tension coal mining in panel, packing job and actual mining are independent of each other, therefore have the advantages that ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low and mining cost is low.The present invention is mainly used in orebody thickness 2.5 ~ 6m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 15m, the multilayer gentle dip at 5 ~ 30 °, inclination angle is thin-in the underground mining in thick mineral deposit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the present invention for a certain panel;
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to generalized section;
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 1 B-B to generalized section;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 1 C-C to generalized section;
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 1 D-D to generalized section.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further, non-limiting the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.The multilayer ore body in this mineral deposit is stratiform or like the parallel output of stratiform, 5 ~ 25 °, the slanting angle of ore body, ore body length is generally 224 ~ 670m, inclination deepening 87 ~ 204m, and ore layer thickness is generally 0.81 ~ 5.54m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 12m.This mineral deposit ore-rock stability is better, and Mine Area Engineering Geology condition belongs to simple-Midpoint type.
The concrete steps of this mineral deposit filling mining method are:
1) nugget divides and adopts and cuts work arrangement
1. nugget divides
Mineral deposit is divided into the stage, and as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, each layering ore body division in the stage is panel.Go up a hill 2 along orebody strike at the bottom of ore layer 1 driving, 2 be mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 by both sides ore body division along going up a hill, mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 are interlaced arrangement.
2. adopt and cut work arrangement
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5,2 are gone up a hill to stope middle driving rock drilling lane 17 by each, go up a hill except 2 except undermost in the stage, all the other each layerings go up a hill 2 base plate creep into filling gravity vent 10 respectively downwards, each 2 each filling gravity vents be drilled with 10 of going up a hill are communicated with stope at the peak of each corresponding stope end top board through dirt band 8.In stage the superiors go up a hill in 2 dirt bands 8 be arranged in the stage above the superiors' ore body, in the stage the superiors goes up a hill 2 distance the stages in the superiors ore body 4 ~ 6m.Go up a hill except 2 except the superiors in the stage, respectively go up a hill centered by 2 by all the other and stay ore pillar 18 of going up a hill respectively.Panel drop shaft 12 is arranged in and is arranged in panel and goes up a hill the ore pillar 14 of 2 bottoms, is communicated with belt road 7 bottom panel drop shaft 12, and panel drop shaft 12 upwards extends and 2 to be communicated with going up a hill of layering each in the stage.Belt road 7 be arranged in the stage undermost go up a hill 2 below, the lower disposed in belt road 7 has main chute 5, is communicated with bottom main chute 5 with stage transportation roadway 6.Ramp 4 be arranged in go up a hill 2 two ends, ramp 4 be from top to bottom communicated with each layering go up a hill 2, belt road 7 and stage transportation roadway 6.
2) transport
Ore 16 in stope is transported to panel drop shaft 12 by scraper, by the vibration ore dumping machine in panel drop shaft 12 to the belt ore drawing in belt road 7, again through belt-conveying to main chute 5, then by the vibration ore dumping machine in main chute 5 to the mine car ore drawing in stage transportation roadway 6.
3) exploitation and filling
Three step back production are divided in panel: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, a step rooming 15, two step stooping pillarings 14 after tailing cemented filling, then after tailing cemented filling, three step back production are gone up a hill ore pillar 18, last tailing cemented filling three step stope.A step back production in panel and two step back production 2 to be carried out from the bottom to top successively along going up a hill, and three step back production in panel 2 to be carried out from the bottom to top along going up a hill.Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete.
If the multiple stopes in multiple panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: the exploitation 1. in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to lower leaf two corresponding panels and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf is carried out after completing.
A described step back production and filling are: during a step back production, as shown in Figure 2,2 enter mineral building 15, by mineral building 15 end to 2 direction drawing back of going up a hill by going up a hill.With rock drilling lane 17 for working space, creep into shallow bore hole to both sides and top board direction, after shallow blasting, transport ore 16.Ore body thickness being less than to 3.5 ~ 4m is once adopted entirely thick, and ore body thickness being greater than to 3.5 ~ 4m first undercuts, more upwards caunches.Time near back production to panel drop shaft 12, as shown in Figure 4, drop shaft safety pillar 20 is stayed.For the stope that back production can cause drop shaft connection lane 13 to use, carry out when three step back production is then stayed in the back production of described stope.When back production is to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane 17, pre-buried filter pipe in the filling counterfort 19 in shutoff rock drilling lane 17,2 carries out tailing cemented filling downwards through filling gravity vent 10 by going up a hill of higher slice.
Two described step back production and filling are: as shown in Figure 3, and except mineral building 15 is except ore pillar 14, all the other are identical with filling with a step back production.
Three described step back production and filling are: during three step back production, as shown in Figure 4, will go up a hill 2 as drilling drift, and in units of panel, back production from the bottom to top, ore 16 is transported to panel drop shaft 12.Time near back production to panel drop shaft 12, stay drop shaft safety pillar 20, shutoff drop shaft connection lane 13.After ore pillar 18 back production of going up a hill in panel completes, shutoff goes up a hill 2, by going up a hill, tailing cemented filling is carried out in goaf, 4 pairs, 2 upper ramps road 11, form obturation 9, in obturation 9 pre-buried filter pipe and pre-buried next panel go up a hill ore pillar 18 back production time ventilating duct, after obturation 9 final set, along the ore pillar 18 of going up a hill in the next panel of 2 working to the rises of going up a hill.
embodiment 2
A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.This mineral deposit is that level is to gentle dip multi-layer thin mineral deposit, 0 ~ 18 °, the slanting angle of ore body, orebody trend length 620 ~ 1100m, tendency extension 460 ~ 856m, orebody thickness is generally 2.3 ~ 3.4m, dirt band thickness is generally 6 ~ 10m, and this mineral deposit ore-rock stability is medium to better, and Mine Area Engineering Geology condition belongs to simple-Midpoint type.
This mineral deposit filling mining method is with embodiment 1.
This detailed description of the invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
Each layering ore body division is panel by this detailed description of the invention, mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 interlaced arrangement, can multiple panel, multiple stope exploit simultaneously.Meanwhile, in panel, the back production of different stope and the parallel operations of filling energy, do not interfere with each other.Adopt scraper ore removal, achieve continuous high tension coal mining, improve mine capacity.
Three step back production are divided in panel by this detailed description of the invention, classifying rationally mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14, and only leave a little drop shaft safety pillar 20, ore recovery ratio is high; Rock drilling lane 17 and go up a hill 2 all along ore body base plate driving, employing shallow bore hole driling explosion, can control ore limits well, ore dilution rate is low.
The fresh distinguished and admirable ramp 4 by 2 bottoms of going up a hill in this detailed description of the invention joins lane 3 to going up a hill 2 through ramp, enter each stope again and wash away work plane, what dirty wind entered higher slice through filling gravity vent 10 goes up a hill after 2, ramp 4 through 2 tops of going up a hill enters return aircourse, vent line is simple, and ventilation effect is better.
Ramp 4 in this detailed description of the invention, go up a hill 2 and rock drilling lane 17 all have the multiple uses such as pedestrian, ventilation and trackless equipment walking, article one, go up a hill and 2 serve the multiple stope in both sides, the filling gravity vent 10 crept into downwards at 2 base plates of going up a hill of higher slice do to ventilate and filling dual-purpose, going up a hill of higher slice 2 uses as the ventilation of lower leaf and stowboard, adopt belt road 7 transport can avoid tunneling a large amount of haulage drifts, by these rational roadway layout, under the requirement of satisfied exploitation, adopt that to cut tunnelling amount few, reduce to adopt and cut ratio.
This detailed description of the invention adopt the minimizing of cutting tunnelling amount, the raising of mining rate and ore recovery ratio, and the reduction of the rate of dilution, all reduce mining cost.
Therefore, this detailed description of the invention is while guarantee stope job safety, can reduce to adopt and cut tunnelling amount and ensure the continuous high tension coal mining in panel, packing job and actual mining are independent of each other, therefore have the advantages that ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low and mining cost is low.This detailed description of the invention is mainly used in orebody thickness 2.5 ~ 6m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 15m, the multilayer gentle dip at 5 ~ 30 °, inclination angle is thin-in the underground mining in thick mineral deposit.
Claims (4)
1. multilayer gentle dip thin-in a thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that the step of described mining methods is:
1) nugget divides and adopts and cuts work arrangement
1. nugget divides
Mineral deposit is divided into the stage, and each layering ore body division in the stage is panel; (2) are gone up a hill at the bottom of ore layer (1) driving along orebody strike, along going up a hill, both sides ore body division is mineral building (15) and ore pillar (14) by (2), and mineral building (15) and ore pillar (14) are interlaced arrangement;
2. adopt and cut work arrangement
By each (2) driving rock drilling lane (17) in the middle of stope of going up a hill, go up a hill except (2) except undermost in the stage, creep into filling gravity vent (10) downwards respectively at the base plate of go up a hill (2) of all the other each layerings, each filling gravity vent (10) that each go up a hill (2) are drilled with is communicated with stope through the peak of dirt band (8) at each corresponding stope end top board; In stage, go up a hill (2) of the superiors are arranged in the dirt band (8) in the stage above the superiors' ore body, and in the stage, go up a hill (2) of the superiors are apart from the superiors ore body 4 ~ 6m in stage; Go up a hill except (2) except the superiors in the stage, centered by all the other respectively go up a hill (2), stay ore pillar of going up a hill (18) respectively; Panel drop shaft (12) is arranged in and is arranged in panel and goes up a hill the ore pillar (14) of (2) bottom, panel drop shaft (12) bottom is communicated with belt road (7), and panel drop shaft (12) upwards extends and is communicated with go up a hill (2) of layering each in the stage; Belt road (7) is arranged in the below of undermost in the stage go up a hill (2), the lower disposed in belt road (7) has main chute (5), and main chute (5) bottom is communicated with stage transportation roadway (6); Ramp (4) is arranged in the two ends of go up a hill (2), and ramp (4) is communicated with go up a hill (2), belt road (7) and the stage transportation roadway (6) of each layering from top to bottom;
2) transport
Ore (16) in stope is transported to panel drop shaft (12) by scraper, by the vibration ore dumping machine in panel drop shaft (12) to the belt ore drawing in belt road (7), again through belt-conveying to main chute (5), then by the vibration ore dumping machine in main chute (5) to the mine car ore drawing in stage transportation roadway (6);
3) exploitation and filling
Three step back production are divided in panel: a step rooming (15), two step stooping pillarings (14) after tailing cemented filling, after tailing cemented filling, three step back production are gone up a hill ore pillar (18) again, last tailing cemented filling three step stope; A step back production in panel and two step back production are carried out from the bottom to top successively along go up a hill (2), and three step back production in panel are carried out from the bottom to top along go up a hill (2); Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete;
If the multiple stopes in multiple panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: the exploitation 1. in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to lower leaf two corresponding panels and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf is carried out after completing.
2. multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that a described step back production and filling are: during a step back production, mineral building (15) is entered, by mineral building (15) end to (2) direction drawing back of going up a hill by go up a hill (2); With rock drilling lane (17) for working space, creep into shallow bore hole to both sides and top board direction, after shallow blasting, transport ore (16); If when orebody thickness is less than 3.5 ~ 4m, once adopts entirely thick, if when orebody thickness is greater than 3.5 ~ 4m, first undercut, more upwards caunch; Time near back production to panel drop shaft (12), stay drop shaft safety pillar (20); If the stope that back production can cause drop shaft to join lane (13) cannot be used, carries out when three step back production is then stayed in the back production of described stope; When back production is to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane (17), pre-buried filter pipe in the filling counterfort (19) in shutoff rock drilling lane (17), carries out tailing cemented filling by go up a hill (2) of higher slice downwards through filling gravity vent (10).
3. multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that two described step back production and filling are: except mineral building (15) is for except ore pillar (14), all the other are identical with filling with a step back production described in claim 2.
4. multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that three described step back production and filling are: during three step back production, (2) will be gone up a hill as drilling drift, in units of panel, back production from the bottom to top, ore (16) is transported to panel drop shaft (12); Time near back production to panel drop shaft (12), stay drop shaft safety pillar (20), shutoff drop shaft connection lane (13); After ore pillar of going up a hill (18) back production in panel completes, shutoff is gone up a hill (2), by going up a hill, (2) upper ramps road (4) carries out tailing cemented filling to goaf (11), forms obturation (9); Ventilating duct in obturation (9) during ore pillar of going up a hill (18) back production in pre-buried filter pipe and pre-buried next panel, after obturation (9) final set, along the ore pillar of going up a hill (18) in the next panel of (2) working to the rise of going up a hill.
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