CN105927225B - A kind of full seam extraction method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice - Google Patents
A kind of full seam extraction method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice Download PDFInfo
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- CN105927225B CN105927225B CN201610503442.7A CN201610503442A CN105927225B CN 105927225 B CN105927225 B CN 105927225B CN 201610503442 A CN201610503442 A CN 201610503442A CN 105927225 B CN105927225 B CN 105927225B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice, comprise the following steps：(a) science division is carried out to special thick loose coal seam；(b) tunnel and equipment are arranged according to existing solid filling coal-mining method, forms filling coal mining system；(c) coal seam is cut off；(d) goaf is filled；(e) coal in the voluntarily upper coal seam of inbreak is reclaimed；(f) above step is repeated, circulates successively, completes the recovery in whole section coal seam.The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, the coal-mining method reduces coal cutting workload, the limitation of traditional filler has been broken away from, the operation of going together of coal cutting and filling has been realized, has reached sustainable development and the lasting exploit target in west area；The coal-mining method is simple to operate, securely and reliably, efficiency high, has very high application and popularization value in China Northwestern environment vulnerable area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Coal Mining Technology field, more particularly, to a kind of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice
Full seam extraction method.
Background technology
Coal it is foreseeable from now on, be still the basic energy resource for ensureing that Chinese energy safety is stable.The national economic development
To the solid demand of coal, China's superficial part coal resources are caused to peter out, deep coal resources are with respect to very abundant, example
Such as, in November, 2015 only reconnoitres coal resources in Huainan field Pan Ji collieries periphery and is up to 47.92 hundred million tons.Deep coal resources
In quite a few be special thick or huge thick soft coal level.Only have layering to high seam or thick sandstone exploitation at present to open
Adopt, top coal caving and large cutting height workface method, but these three recovery methods have respective applicable elements, if applied to
The problem of serious will occurs in deep well super thick loose coal seam：Low using separate zone production coal recovery rate, the height for not meeting country returns
The requirement of yield, and labor intensity is big；Top coal caving can be only applied in hard coal seam, will if used in soft coal level
The disaster accidents such as spontaneous fire, coal and gas prominent occur；During using large cutting height workface, because the stability pole of soft coal level
Difference, if seam mining is highly excessive, easily there is wall caving, roof fall accident in rib.
It is generally comprehensive using technical measures, applications such as coal seam pre-pouring grout reinforcing coal seam, increase hydraulic support stand resistances at present
Mechanization back production soft coal level working face is closed, is limited by coal mine machineryization level, the particularly restriction of hydraulic support height, this
Kind mining type can be only applied in girdle or medium-thickness seam.For special thick loose coal seam (coal seam thickness is more than 8.0m),
There is the problems such as wall caving, roof fall, serious Coal Loss in existing coal-mining method, limit their use, at present still without one
Production technique of the kind for single special thick loose coal seam.
With the increasingly depleted of east developed regions coal resources, the extensive coal mining in China turns to western coal seam
Move, but western condition of coal seam occurrence has its particularity, generally existing shallow overburden, coal seam thickness are big, ature of coal is loose, ecology fragility
The features such as, this part coal resources to be exploited by force the side fall roof of large area easily occurs, rare surface water is burst into underground etc.,
The production capacity for constraining colliery is not only existed, destroys surface water yet, and then destroys the ecological environment of whole fragility, does not meet me
The sustainable development of state and the basic thought of lasting exploit.Filling mining technology is maximum by limiting the movement and fracture of rock stratum
The sinking of the reduction earth's surface of degree, so as to protect the western eco-environment of fragility.Currently used hydraulic silting, lotion fill
Fill out, Paste-like body filling, waste filling etc., also have a respective application environment, west area is due to the restriction of itself environment, should
Had difficulties during with existing filling technique.
Therefore, a kind of recovery method that can adapt to the deeply special thick loose coal seam of China's western shallow-reserved is needed badly, while in coal seam
After back production to fragility surface environment destruction reduce controllable scope in, with realize west area sustainable development and
The target of lasting exploit.
The content of the invention
To solve problem present in existing recovery method, to realize the special thick pine of China Northwestern environment vulnerable area shallow overburden
Coal-layer water-retaining lasting exploit target is dissipated, the invention provides a kind of flood coal mining side of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice
Method, it is simple to operate, safe and efficient.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice, comprises the following steps：
(a) science division is carried out to special thick loose coal seam
According to the occurrence condition for adopting special thick loose coal seam, whole coal seam is divided into lower coal seam and upper coal seam；
(b) tunnel and equipment are arranged, filling coal mining system is formed, i.e., reprints conveying in the tip placement of coal-face
Machine, filling hydraulic support, drag conveyor and coal-winning machine are arranged in coal-face, the filling hydraulic support includes hydraulic pressure branch
Frame advancing jack, hydraulic support forestope and face guard, filling support, the bottom of the filling support are set in filling operation face
Portion is provided with filling pump；Hybrid station is set in track lane, the entrance of the hybrid station prepares station with filling slurries and is connected, the mixing
The outlet stood is connected by filling piping with the filling pump；
(c) coal seam is cut off
Coal-winning machine described in step (b) is double-ended shearer, is inclined to along the lower coal seam, double rollings of the coal-winning machine
Cylinder from rib lower end to rib upper end, cuts the coal in the lower coal seam, back production terminates after-contraction using beveling feed mode
The hydraulic support forestope, pack up the face guard of filling hydraulic support；
(d) goaf is filled
The coal-winning machine is closed, after the lower coal seam back production, coal seam does not mine charcoal by during broken be caving on described, beats
The filling pump is driven, the filling slurries that station preparation is prepared in the filling slurries in the track lane are sent into goaf, used
The stamper structure of filling hydraulic pressure frame bottom is compacted to filler；
(e) coal in the voluntarily upper coal seam of inbreak is reclaimed
Top surface of the front roll of the coal-winning machine along the upper coal seam cuts the coal of the outstanding dew in part, the rear rolling of the coal-winning machine
Bottom surface of the cylinder along the lower coal seam will all crush the coal feeding drag conveyor for being caving and being cut off with front roll；Utilize
Whole working face coal is transported stope by the redoiming conveyor from transportation roadway；The filling pump is closed, it is defeated to elapse the scraper plate
Send machine and the filling hydraulic support；
(f) above step is repeated, circulates successively, completes the recovery in whole section coal seam.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, the whole coal seam
Firmness coefficient be less than that the 0.7, thickness in the whole coal seam is more than 8m, the whole coal seam is nearly horizontal or gently inclined seam.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, the lower coal seam
Height b be 2~3.5m.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, the coal-winning machine
Roller cut deep a be 0.8m.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, filled in step (b)
Filling out slurries preparation station includes yellow mud preparation station and accelerator preparation station.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, institute in step (d)
It is water, loess, cement and bath of glass to state filling slurries.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, wherein, the filling slurry
The water-solid ratio of liquid is between 1:1.0~1:Between 1.9, the ratio that wherein cement accounts for solid masses is 25%, and bath of glass volume is
0.8%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, by first cutting special thick loose
The lower coal seam in coal seam, coal seam in residue is crushed inbreak under height collection chats pressure pressure effect, reduce the time for cutting coal seam；
With reference to the deficient scene of conventional filler, and examining at present such as western China surface loess aboundresources, sandstone, flyash
It is rare, it is necessary to accomplishing not destroy surface water, accomplishing as far as possible to existing fragility while underground coal mining to consider surface water resources
The protection problem of ecological environment, in erecting dense individual props space filling slurries, caving zone height is reduced, so as to limit fissure zone height
Degree, finally realizes the not sunken caves of earth's surface, overall, the coal-mining method reduces coal cutting workload, breaks away from
The limitation of traditional filler, the operation of going together of coal cutting and filling is realized, reached the sustainable development in west area and green
Color exploits target.The coal-mining method is simple to operate, securely and reliably, efficiency high, has in China Northwestern environment vulnerable area very high
Application and popularization value.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, the height 2 in lower coal seam~
3.5m, to select, current technology is most ripe, mechanization degree highest comprehensive mining hydraulic bracket.
The flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present invention, fills described in step (d)
It is water, loess, cement and bath of glass to fill out slurries, using loess that is cheap, easily obtaining as goaf filling material, targetedly
In yellow mud made of erecting dense individual props space filling loess and accelerator, the destructiveness of Northwestern environment fragility earth's surface is dropped to
It is minimum, reach sustainable development and the lasting exploit target in west area.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 divides schematic diagram for special thick loose coal seam of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that stope equipment of the present invention arranges schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that goaf filling system of the present invention arranges schematic diagram.
In figure：The whole coal seams of 1-, coal seam under 11-, the upper coal seams of 12-, 2- filling hydraulic supports, the passage of 21- hydraulic supports are very heavy
Top, 22- hydraulic support forestopes, 23- face guards, 3- drag conveyors, 4- coal-winning machines, 5- filling pumps, 6- filling pipings, 7- are mixed
Station is closed, 8- yellow muds prepare station, and 9- accelerators prepare station, 10- tracks lane, 13- transportation roadways, 14- goafs, 15- top plates, 16-
Bottom plate, 17- filling operation faces, 18- filling supports.
Make further detailed, complete explanation to the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.
Embodiment
The present invention carries out the division of science to shallow overburden spy's thick loose coal seam first, and super high seam is divided into two up and down
Point, the coal in coal seam is secondly cut off using roller before and after coal-winning machine, goaf is entered using the yellow mud of addition accelerator afterwards
Row, which fills, simultaneously to be consolidated, and what then coal-winning machine front roll cut coal seam does not still emit the coal fallen under high action of underground
The upper coal seam coal that voluntarily inbreak and front roll are cut off all is pushed into drag conveyor by charcoal, coal-winning machine back roll, finally
Whole coals are transported by the reclaiming conveyer of coal-face termination by stope.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of flood coal mining side of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice of the present embodiment
Method, by taking a certain special thick loose coal seam as an example, comprise the following steps：
(a) science division is carried out to special thick loose coal seam
The occurrence condition in specifically adopted special thick loose coal seam is analyzed first, such as the thickness in whole coal seam 1, hardness, inclination angle, top
Plate 15 and the parameter of bottom plate 16 etc., the thickness that 0.7, whole coal seam 1 is less than when the firmness coefficient in whole coal seam 1 are more than 8m and whole coal seam 1
During nearly horizontal or gently inclined seam, using the coal-mining method best results, if whole coal seam 1 is hard, after the back production of lower part coal seam
Upper part coal seam can not voluntarily inbreak, it is difficult to ensures the efficient high-recovery back production in upper part coal seam；
Assuming that the gross thickness in a certain special thick loose coal seam is h, h is more than 8m, and earth's surface is that last interglacial period ecology is crisp for the 4th
Weak environment, through analysis, it is applied to the coal-mining method, according to the height of filling hydraulic support 2, designs and is divided into whole coal seam 1
Lower coal seam 11 (the latter half) and upper coal seam 12 (top half), its mining height are respectively b and h-b, and b is the height in lower coal seam 11
Degree, b is 2~3.5m, and division schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1；
(b) tunnel and equipment are arranged, filling coal mining system is formed, i.e., reprints conveying in the tip placement of coal-face
Machine, filling hydraulic support 2, drag conveyor 3 and coal-winning machine 4 are arranged in coal-face, filling hydraulic support 2 includes hydraulic pressure branch
Frame advancing jack 21, hydraulic support forestope 22 and face guard 23, filling support 18, filling branch are set in filling operation face 17
The bottom of frame 18 is provided with filling pump 5；Set hybrid station 7 in track lane 10, the entrance of hybrid station 7 prepared respectively with yellow mud station 8 and
Accelerator prepares station 9 and is connected, and the outlet of hybrid station 7 is connected by filling piping 6 with filling pump 5, and filling slurries are water, Huang
Soil, cement and bath of glass, according to the difference of each department surface loess composition, water-solid ratio is between 1:1.0~1:Between 1.9, wherein
The ratio that cement accounts for solid masses is 25%, and bath of glass volume is 0.8%；
(c) coal seam 11 is cut off
Coal-winning machine 4 is double-ended shearer, and it is that a is 0.8m that coal mining machine roller, which cuts depth, is inclined to along lower coal seam 11, coal-winning machine
4 roller, from rib lower end to rib upper end, cuts off the coal in coal seam 11, after back production terminates using beveling feed mode
Hydraulic support forestope 22 is shunk, packs up the face guard 23 of filling hydraulic support 2；
(d) goaf 14 is filled
Coal-winning machine 4 is closed, after the lower back production of coal seam 11, surrouding rock stress redistributes around stope, and upper coal seam 12 will bear height
Pressure, automatic pulverizing is caving by layer charcoal of not mining under high stress；Charcoal of not mined in upper coal seam 12 is caving broken
Period, open fill pump 5, uniform loess and accelerator filling slurries will be pre-mixed in track lane 10 and are sent into goaf 14,
Filler is compacted using the stamper structure of filling hydraulic support 2 bottom；
(e) coal in the voluntarily upper coal seam 12 of inbreak is reclaimed
Top surface of the front roll of coal-winning machine 4 along upper coal seam 12 cuts the coal of the outstanding dew in part, and the back roll of coal-winning machine 4 is along lower coal
The bottom surface of layer 11 will all crush the coal feeding drag conveyor 3 for being caving and being cut off with front roll；Utilize coal-face termination
The reclaiming conveyer whole working face coal is transported into stope from transportation roadway 13；Filling pump 5 is closed, elapses drag conveyor
3 and filling hydraulic support 2；
(f) above step is repeated, circulates successively, completes the recovery in whole section coal seam.
Embodiment described above is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described, not to the model of the present invention
Enclose and be defined, on the premise of design spirit of the present invention is not departed from, technical side of the those of ordinary skill in the art to the present invention
The various modifications and improvement that case is made, it all should fall into the protection domain of claims of the present invention determination.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：(a) science division is carried out to special thick loose coal seamAccording to the occurrence condition for adopting special thick loose coal seam, whole coal seam (1) is divided into lower coal seam (11) and upper coal seam (12)；(b) tunnel and equipment are arranged, forms filling coal mining system, i.e. the tip placement redoiming conveyor in coal-face, Coal-face arrangement filling hydraulic support (2), drag conveyor (3) and coal-winning machine (4), filling hydraulic support (2) bag Hydraulic support advancing jack (21), hydraulic support forestope (22) and face guard (23) are included, is set in filling operation face (17) Support (18) is filled, the bottom of the filling support (18) is provided with filling pump (5)；Hybrid station (7) is set in track lane (10), it is described The entrance of hybrid station (7) prepares station with filling slurries and is connected, and the outlet of the hybrid station (7) passes through filling piping (6) and institute Filling pump (5) is stated to be connected；(c) coal seam is cut offCoal-winning machine described in step (b) (4) is double-ended shearer, is inclined to along the lower coal seam (11), the coal-winning machine (4) Twin-roll using beveling feed mode, from rib lower end to rib upper end, cut the coal of the lower coal seam (11), back production Hydraulic support forestope (22) described in terminating after-contraction, pack up the face guard (23) of filling hydraulic support (2)；(d) goaf (14) are filledThe coal-winning machine (4) is closed, after lower coal seam (11) back production, coal seam (12) charcoal of not mining broken will be caving on described Period, the filling pump (5) is opened, the filling slurries that station preparation is prepared in the filling slurries of the track lane (10) are sent Enter goaf (14), filler is compacted using the stamper structure of described filling hydraulic support (2) bottom；(e) coal in the voluntarily upper coal seam (12) of inbreak is reclaimedTop surface of the front roll of the coal-winning machine (4) along the upper coal seam (12) cuts the coal of the outstanding dew in part, the coal-winning machine (4) Bottom surface of the back roll along the lower coal seam (11) all broken coals for being cut off with front roll of being caving are sent into the scraper plates Conveyer (3)；Whole working face coal is transported into stope from transportation roadway (13) using the redoiming conveyor of face end； The filling pump (5) is closed, elapses the drag conveyor (3) and the filling hydraulic support (2)；(f) above step is repeated, circulates successively, completes the recovery in whole section coal seam.
- 2. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： It is near horizontal that the firmness coefficient of the whole coal seam (1), which is less than 0.7, whole coal seam (1) thickness more than 8m, the whole coal seam (1), Or gently inclined seam.
- 3. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： The height (b) of the lower coal seam (11) is 2~3.5m.
- 4. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： It is 0.8m that the roller of the coal-winning machine (4), which cuts deep (a),.
- 5. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that： It is characterized in that：Filling slurries described in step (b), which prepares station, includes yellow mud preparation station (8) and accelerator preparation station (9).
- 6. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy's thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 1-5 any one, It is characterized in that：Slurries are filled described in step (d) to be made up of water, loess, cement and bath of glass.
- 7. the flood coal-mining method of shallow embedding spy thick loose coal seam back production bottom slice according to claim 6, it is characterised in that： The water-solid ratio of the filling slurries is between 1:1.0~1:Between 1.9, the ratio that wherein cement accounts for solid masses is 25%, glass Water volume is 0.8%.
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| CN107152299B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-10-18 | 日立楼宇技术（广州）有限公司 | A kind of determination method and device of hydraulic support execution movement |
| CN111691885B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-09 | 太原理工大学 | Efficient filling mining method for ultra-thick coal seam |
| CN113389597B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-06-28 | 安徽理工大学 | Comprehensive utilization system and application method for coal gangue in resource co-associated mining area |
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| CN103527195B (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2016-04-13 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of separative production and separative delivery gangue refill goaf, thick dirt band coal seam method |
| CN103628877B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-09-02 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method |
| CN104141495B (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2017-01-11 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Filling mining method for gently inclined medium-thickness phosphate ore body |
| CN104533417A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-04-22 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Dual-system two-hardness short-wall coal seam mining method |
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