CN103628877A - Multilayer gentle dip thin-medium ore deposit filling and mining method - Google Patents
Multilayer gentle dip thin-medium ore deposit filling and mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103628877A CN103628877A CN201310605791.6A CN201310605791A CN103628877A CN 103628877 A CN103628877 A CN 103628877A CN 201310605791 A CN201310605791 A CN 201310605791A CN 103628877 A CN103628877 A CN 103628877A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multilayer gentle dip thin-medium ore deposit filling and mining method. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: dividing ore blocks, arranging mining and cutting projects, transporting, mining and filling. The step of dividing an ore deposit comprises the following sub-steps: dividing an ore body in the stage into a disc area, tunneling to uphill (2) at the bottom of an ore layer (1) along the inclined direction of the ore body, dividing the ore body on two sides into ore chambers (15) and ore columns (14) along the uphill (2), and reserving uphill ore columns (18) by taking the uphill (2) as the center. Three-step recovery is adopted in the disc area and comprises a first step of recovering the ore chambers (15), a second step of recovering the ore columns (14) and a third step of recovering the uphill ore columns (18); after the ore chambers (15) or the ore columns (14) are totally recovered, a goaf area (11) is downwards filled through the uphill (2) on the upper layer and via filling ventilation holes (10) communicated with a stope; finally, the uphill ore columns (18) are recovered within three steps from bottom to top along the uphill (2) by taking the disc area as a unit, and the uphill ore columns (18) in the next disc area are recovered after filling. The method has the characteristics of high mining intensity, high ore recovery rate, low ore dilution ratio and low mining cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thin-in Cut-and-fill Mining Technology field, thick mineral deposit.Relate in particular to a kind of multilayer gentle dip thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.
Background technology
A large amount of gentle dips are thin-in the exploitation in thick mineral deposit mainly adopt room-and-pillar method and Caving Method with Large Space.The outstanding shortcoming of room-and-pillar method is to stay to establish the very difficult recovery in time of ore pillar, and ore losses is larger, and the top board that bring out large area dead zone collapses and emits and can form major safety risks to subsequent production.The outstanding shortcoming of Caving Method with Large Space is to cause surface subsidence, is unfavorable for ground surface environment protection.Therefore, people adopt traditional method of mining by the way of filling, and first production ore, builds filling counterfort by laying bricks or stones at stope edge, behind tailing cemented filling goaf, then continue production ore, and ore recovery ratio and stoping safety are high.But traditional filling method mining intensity is low, produce linking complex management, causes also corresponding increase of mining cost.
For multilayer gentle dip thin-in thick mineral deposit, generally along ore bed layer-by-layer mining, for the feature in multilayer mineral deposit, do not carry out the mining design of applicability, each layering is all tunneled a large amount of adopting and is cut tunnel, each layering independently working, the contact between layering is less, causes adopting cutting than greatly, adopt cut journey long construction period, mining cost is higher.Part mine adopts open stope afterwards filling mining method, packing job and the interlaced impact of actual mining operation, and the poor continuity of exploitation, causes mining rate low, and production capacity is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, object be to provide the multilayer gentle dip that a kind of ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low, mining cost is low thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method; The method, when guaranteeing stope job safety, can reduce to adopt and cut tunnelling amount and guarantee the continuous high strength exploitation in panel.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
1) cut journey layout is divided and adopted to nugget
1. nugget is divided
Mineral deposit is divided into the stage, and each layering ore body division in the stage is panel.Along orebody strike, at the bottom of ore layer driving, going up a hill, is mineral building and ore pillar along going up a hill both sides ore body division, and mineral building and ore pillar are interlaced arrangement.
2. adopting cut journey arranges
By driving rock drilling lane in the middle of the direction which a grave faces stope on each, within the stage undermost going up a hill, the base plate of going up a hill in all the other each layerings creeps into respectively filling gravity vent downwards, and each each filling gravity vent being drilled with of going up a hill is communicated with stope at the peak of each corresponding stope end top board through dirt band.In stage, in the dirt band of the stage that the is arranged in interior the superiors ore body top of going up a hill of the superiors, in the stage, the superiors goes up a hill apart from the superiors' ore body 4 ~ 6m in the stage.Within the stage, the going up a hill of the superiors, centered by respectively going up a hill, all the other stay respectively the ore pillar of going up a hill.Panel drop shaft is arranged in and is arranged in the go up a hill ore pillar of bottom of panel, and drop shaft bottom in panel is communicated with belt road, and panel drop shaft extends upward with going up a hill of each layering in the stage and is communicated with.Belt road is arranged in undermost below of going up a hill in the stage, and the lower disposed in belt road has main chute, and main chute bottom is communicated with stage transportation lane.Ramp is arranged in the two ends of going up a hill, and ramp is communicated with the going up a hill of each layering, belt road and stage transportation lane from top to bottom.
2) transportation
Ore in stope is transported to panel drop shaft by scraper, by the vibration ore dumping machine in the drop shaft of panel to the belt ore drawing in belt road, then through belt-conveying to main chute, then by the vibration ore dumping machine in main chute to the mine car ore drawing in stage transportation lane.
3) exploitation and filling
Three step back production are divided in panel: a step rooming, two step stooping pillarings after tailing cemented filling, then the three step back production ore pillar of going up a hill after tailing cemented filling, last tailing cemented filling three step stopes.A step back production in panel and two step back production are carried out from the bottom to top successively along going up a hill, and three step back production in panel are carried out from the bottom to top along going up a hill.Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete.
If a plurality of stopes in a plurality of panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: 1. the exploitation in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to two corresponding panels of lower leaf and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf carried out after completing.
Described a step back production and filling are: during a step back production, by going up a hill, enter mineral building, by mineral building end to the direction drawing back of going up a hill.Take rock drilling lane as working space, to both sides and top board direction, creep into shallow bore hole, after shallow blasting, transport ore.When if orebody thickness is less than 3.5 ~ 4m, once adopt entirely thickly, if when orebody thickness is greater than 3.5 ~ 4m, first undercut, more upwards caunch.When back production is near the drop shaft of panel time, stay drop shaft safety pillar.If the stope that back production meeting causes drop shaft connection lane to use, carries out when three step back production is stayed in the back production of described stope.When back production is during to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane, pre-buried filter pipe in the filling counterfort in shutoff rock drilling lane, carries out tailing cemented filling by going up a hill of higher slice downwards through filling gravity vent.
Described two step back production and filling are: except mineral building is ore pillar, all the other are identical with filling with a step back production.
Described three step back production and filling are: during three step back production, will go up a hill as drilling drift, take panel as unit, and back production from the bottom to top, ore is transported to panel drop shaft.When back production is near the drop shaft of panel time, stay drop shaft safety pillar, shutoff drop shaft connection lane.After the pillar recovery of going up a hill in panel completes, shutoff is gone up a hill, by going up a hill, upper ramps road carries out tailing cemented filling to goaf, form obturation, the ventilating duct of going up a hill during pillar recovery in pre-buried filter pipe and pre-buried next panel in obturation, after obturation final set, along the ore pillar of going up a hill in the next panel of working to the rise of going up a hill.
Owing to adopting technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following good effect:
The present invention is panel by each layering ore body division, and mineral building and ore pillar interlaced arrangement can a plurality of panels, a plurality of stope exploits simultaneously.Meanwhile, in panel, the back production of different stopes and the parallel operations of filling energy, do not interfere with each other.Adopt scraper ore removal, realized continuous high strength exploitation, improved mine capacity.
The present invention divides three step back production by panel, and classifying rationally mineral building and ore pillar only leave a little drop shaft safety pillar, and ore recovery ratio is high; Rock drilling lane is all tunneled along ore body base plate with going up a hill, and adopts shallow bore hole driling explosion, can control well ore limits, and ore dilution rate is low.
The fresh distinguished and admirable ramp by the bottom of going up a hill in the present invention joins lane to going up a hill through ramp, enter each stope again and wash away work plane, dirty wind is after filling gravity vent enters going up a hill of higher slice, and the ramp through the top of going up a hill enters return aircourse, ventilation circuit is simple, and ventilation effect is better.
Ramp in the present invention, go up a hill and all there are the multiple uses such as pedestrian, ventilation and trackless equipment walking in rock drilling lane, article one, go up a hill and serve a plurality of stopes in both sides, the filling gravity vent creeping into downwards at the base plate of going up a hill of higher slice do to ventilate and filling dual-purpose, going up a hill as ventilation and the stowboard use of lower leaf of higher slice, adopt the transportation of belt road can avoid tunneling a large amount of haulage drifts, by these rational tunnels, arrange, meeting under the requirement of exploitation, adopt that to cut tunnelling amount little, reduced to adopt and cut ratio.
Of the present inventionly adopt the minimizing of cutting tunnelling amount, the raising of mining rate and ore recovery ratio, and the reduction of the rate of dilution, all reduced mining cost.
Therefore, the present invention, when guaranteeing stope job safety, can reduce to adopt and cut tunnelling amount and guarantee the continuous high strength exploitation in panel, and packing job and actual mining are independent of each other, therefore have the advantages that ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low and mining cost is low.The present invention is mainly used in orebody thickness 2.5 ~ 6m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 15m, multilayer gentle dip that inclination angle is 5 ~ 30 ° is thin-in the underground mining in thick mineral deposit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is for the schematic diagram in a certain panel;
Fig. 2 be in Fig. 1 A-A to generalized section;
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 1 B-B to generalized section;
Fig. 4 be in Fig. 1 C-C to generalized section;
Fig. 5 be in Fig. 1 D-D to generalized section.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further non-limiting the scope of the present invention.
embodiment 1
A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.The multilayer ore body in this mineral deposit is stratiform or like the parallel output of stratiform, 5 ~ 25 °, the slanting angle of ore body, and ore body length is generally 224 ~ 670m, inclination deepening 87 ~ 204m, ore layer thickness is generally 0.81 ~ 5.54m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 12m.This mineral deposit ore-rock stability is better, and Mine Area Engineering Geology condition belongs to simple-medium type.
The concrete steps of this mineral deposit filling mining method are:
1) cut journey layout is divided and adopted to nugget
1. nugget is divided
Mineral deposit is divided into the stage, and as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, each layering ore body division in the stage is panel.Along orebody strike, at the bottom driving of ore layer 1, going up a hill 2,2 is mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 by both sides ore body division along going up a hill, and mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 are interlaced arrangement.
2. adopting cut journey arranges
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, by each, go up a hill 2 to the middle driving of stope rock drilling lane 17, undermost going up a hill 2 within the stage, 2 the base plate of going up a hill in all the other each layerings creeps into respectively filling gravity vent 10 downwards, and each 2 each filling gravity vent 10 that are drilled with of going up a hill is communicated with stope at the peak of each corresponding stope end top board through dirt band 8.Going up a hill of the superiors 2 is arranged in the dirt band 8 of the superiors' ore body top in the stage in stage, and in the stage, the superiors goes up a hill 2 apart from the superiors' ore body 4 ~ 6m in the stage.The going up a hill 2 of the superiors within the stage, respectively goes up a hill centered by 2 and stays respectively the ore pillar 18 of going up a hill by all the other.Panel drop shaft 12 is arranged in and is arranged in the go up a hill ore pillar 14 of 2 bottoms of panel, and drop shaft 12 bottoms in panel are communicated with belt roads 7, and panel drop shaft 12 extends upward with going up a hill of each layering in the stage and 2 is communicated with.Belt road 7 is arranged in undermost 2 the below of going up a hill in the stage, and the lower disposed in belt road 7 has main chute 5, and main chute 5 bottoms are transported lane 6 with the stage and are communicated with.Ramp 4 is arranged in 2 the two ends of going up a hill, ramp 4 be from top to bottom communicated with each layering go up a hill 2, belt road 7 and stage transportation lane 6.
2) transportation
3) exploitation and filling
Three step back production are divided in panel: as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, and a step rooming 15, two step stooping pillarings 14 after tailing cemented filling, then the three step back production ore pillar 18 of going up a hill after tailing cemented filling, last tailing cemented filling three step stopes.A step back production in panel and two step back production 2 are carried out from the bottom to top successively along going up a hill, and three step back production in panel 2 are carried out from the bottom to top along going up a hill.Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete.
If a plurality of stopes in a plurality of panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: 1. the exploitation in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to two corresponding panels of lower leaf and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf carried out after completing.
Described a step back production and filling are: during a step back production, as shown in Figure 2, by going up a hill, 2 enter mineral building 15, by mineral building 15 ends to the 2 direction drawing back of going up a hill.Take rock drilling lane 17 as working space, to both sides and top board direction, creep into shallow bore hole, after shallow blasting, transport ore 16.The ore body that is less than 3.5 ~ 4m for thickness is once adopted entirely thick, and the ore body that is greater than 3.5 ~ 4m for thickness first undercuts, more upwards caunches.When back production is neighbouring to panel drop shaft 12, as shown in Figure 4, stay drop shaft safety pillar 20.The stope that causes drop shaft connection lane 13 to use for back production meeting, carries out when three step back production is stayed in the back production of described stope.When back production is during to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane 17, the interior pre-buried filter pipe of filling counterfort 19 in shutoff rock drilling lane 17,2 carries out tailing cemented filling downwards through filling gravity vent 10 by going up a hill of higher slice.
Described two step back production and filling are: as shown in Figure 3, except mineral building 15 is ore pillar 14, all the other are identical with filling with a step back production.
Described three step back production and filling are: during three step back production, as shown in Figure 4, will go up a hill 2 as drilling drift, take panel as unit, and back production from the bottom to top, ore 16 is transported to panel drop shaft 12.When back production is neighbouring to panel drop shaft 12, stay drop shaft safety pillar 20, shutoff drop shaft connection lane 13.After ore pillar 18 back production of going up a hill in panel complete, shutoff goes up a hill 2, by going up a hill, tailing cemented filling is carried out in goaf, 4 pairs, 2 upper ramps road 11, form obturation 9, the ventilating duct of going up a hill during ore pillar 18 back production in the interior pre-buried filter pipe of obturation 9 and pre-buried next panel, after obturation 9 final set, along the ore pillar 18 of going up a hill in the next panel of 2 working to the rises of going up a hill.
embodiment 2
A kind of multilayer gentle dip is thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method.This mineral deposit is that level is to gentle dip multi-layer thin mineral deposit, 0 ~ 18 °, the slanting angle of ore body, orebody trend length 620 ~ 1100m, tendency is extended 460 ~ 856m, orebody thickness is generally 2.3 ~ 3.4m, dirt band thickness is generally 6 ~ 10m, and this mineral deposit ore-rock stability is medium to better, and Mine Area Engineering Geology condition belongs to simple-medium type.
This mineral deposit filling mining method is with embodiment 1.
This specific embodiment compared with prior art has following good effect:
This specific embodiment is panel by each layering ore body division, and mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 interlaced arrangement can a plurality of panels, a plurality of stope exploits simultaneously.Meanwhile, in panel, the back production of different stopes and the parallel operations of filling energy, do not interfere with each other.Adopt scraper ore removal, realized continuous high strength exploitation, improved mine capacity.
This specific embodiment is divided three step back production by panel, and classifying rationally mineral building 15 and ore pillar 14 only leave a little drop shaft safety pillar 20, and ore recovery ratio is high; Rock drilling lane 17 and go up a hill 2 all along ore body base plate driving, adopts shallow bore hole driling explosion, can control well ore limits, and ore dilution rate is low.
The fresh distinguished and admirable ramp 4 by 2 bottoms of going up a hill in this specific embodiment joins lane 3 to going up a hill 2 through ramp, enter again each stope and wash away work plane, dirty wind enters going up a hill after 2 of higher slice through filling gravity vent 10, ramp 4 through 2 tops of going up a hill enters return aircourse, ventilation circuit is simple, and ventilation effect is better.
Ramp 4 in this specific embodiment, go up a hill 2 and rock drilling lane 17 all have the multiple uses such as pedestrian, ventilation and trackless equipment walking, article one, go up a hill and 2 serve a plurality of stopes in both sides, the filling gravity vent 10 creeping into downwards at 2 base plates of going up a hill of higher slice do to ventilate and filling dual-purpose, go up a hill 2 ventilations as lower leaf and the stowboard use of higher slice, adopt 7 transportations of belt road can avoid tunneling a large amount of haulage drifts, by these rational tunnels, arrange, meeting under the requirement of exploitation, adopt that to cut tunnelling amount few, reduced to adopt and cut ratio.
This specific embodiment adopt the minimizing of cutting tunnelling amount, the raising of mining rate and ore recovery ratio, and the reduction of the rate of dilution, all reduced mining cost.
Therefore, this specific embodiment is when guaranteeing stope job safety, can reduce to adopt and cut tunnelling amount and guarantee the continuous high strength exploitation in panel, packing job and actual mining are independent of each other, therefore have the advantages that ore recovery ratio is high, the rate of dilution is low and mining cost is low.This specific embodiment is mainly used in orebody thickness 2.5 ~ 6m, dirt band thickness 5 ~ 15m, multilayer gentle dip that inclination angle is 5 ~ 30 ° is thin-in the underground mining in thick mineral deposit.
Claims (4)
- Multilayer gentle dip thin-in a thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that the step of described mining methods is:1) cut journey layout is divided and adopted to nugget1. nugget is dividedMineral deposit is divided into the stage, and each layering ore body division in the stage is panel; Along orebody strike, at the bottom of ore layer (1) driving, going up a hill (2), is mineral building (15) and ore pillar (14) along go up a hill (2) by both sides ore body division, and mineral building (15) and ore pillar (14) are interlaced arrangement;2. adopting cut journey arrangesBy each go up a hill (2), in the middle of stope, tunnel rock drilling lane (17), except undermost going up a hill (2) in the stage, base plate in go up a hill (2) of all the other each layerings creeps into respectively filling gravity vent (10) downwards, and each filling gravity vent (10) that each go up a hill (2) are drilled with is communicated with stope at the peak of each corresponding stope end top board through dirt band (8); In stage, go up a hill (2) of the superiors are arranged in the dirt band (8) of the superiors' ore body top in the stage, and in the stage, go up a hill (2) of the superiors are apart from the superiors' ore body 4 ~ 6m in the stage; Except going up a hill (2) of the superiors in the stage, centered by respectively going up a hill (2), all the other stay respectively the ore pillar of going up a hill (18); Panel drop shaft (12) is arranged in and is arranged in the go up a hill ore pillar (14) of (2) bottom of panel, panel drop shaft (12) bottom is communicated with belt road (7), and panel drop shaft (12) extends upward with go up a hill (2) of each layering in the stage and is communicated with; Belt road (7) is arranged in the below of undermost going up a hill (2) in the stage, and the lower disposed of belt road (7) has main chute (5), and main chute (5) bottom is communicated with stage transportation lane (6); Ramp (4) is arranged in the two ends of go up a hill (2), and ramp (4) is communicated with go up a hill (2), belt road (7) and the stage transportation lane (6) of each layering from top to bottom;2) transportationOre in stope (16) is transported to panel drop shaft (12) by scraper, by the vibration ore dumping machine in panel drop shaft (12) to the belt ore drawing in belt road (7), again through belt-conveying to main chute (5), then by the vibration ore dumping machine in main chute (5), transport the mine car ore drawing in lane (6) to the stage;3) exploitation and fillingThree step back production are divided in panel: a step rooming (15), two step stooping pillarings (14) after tailing cemented filling, then the three step back production ore pillar (18) of going up a hill after tailing cemented filling, last tailing cemented filling three step stopes; A step back production in panel and two step back production are carried out from the bottom to top successively along go up a hill (2), and three step back production in panel are carried out from the bottom to top along go up a hill (2); Three step back production are carried out after all step back production in each corresponding panel of same layering and filling and two step back production and filling complete;If a plurality of stopes in a plurality of panels of multi-segment are exploited simultaneously: 1. the exploitation in higher slice panel is carried out after a step back production corresponding to two corresponding panels of lower leaf and filling and two step back production and filling complete; 2. the three step back production in the higher slice panel equal back production of all stopes and filling in the corresponding panel of lower leaf carried out after completing.
- Multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that described a step back production and filling are: during a step back production, by go up a hill (2), enter mineral building (15), by mineral building (15) end to (2) the direction drawing back of going up a hill; Take rock drilling lane (17) is working space, to both sides and top board direction, creeps into shallow bore hole, transports ore (16) after shallow blasting; When if orebody thickness is less than 3.5 ~ 4m, once adopt entirely thickly, if when orebody thickness is greater than 3.5 ~ 4m, first undercut, more upwards caunch; When back production is neighbouring to panel drop shaft (12), stay drop shaft safety pillar (20); If the stope that back production meeting causes drop shaft connection lane (13) to use, carries out when three step back production is stayed in the back production of described stope; When back production is during to stope border, shutoff rock drilling lane (17), pre-buried filter pipe in the filling counterfort (19) in shutoff rock drilling lane (17), carries out tailing cemented filling by go up a hill (2) of higher slice downwards through filling gravity vent (10).
- Multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that described two step back production and filling are: except mineral building (15) is ore pillar (14), all the other are identical with filling with a step back production.
- Multilayer gentle dip according to claim 1 thin-in thick mineral deposit filling mining method, it is characterized in that described three step back production and filling are: during three step back production, to go up a hill (2) as drilling drift, take panel as unit, back production from the bottom to top, ore (16) is transported to panel drop shaft (12); When back production is neighbouring to panel drop shaft (12), stay drop shaft safety pillar (20), shutoff drop shaft connection lane (13); After the ore pillar of going up a hill (18) back production in panel completes, shutoff is gone up a hill (2), by (2) the upper ramps road (4) of going up a hill, goaf (11) is carried out to tailing cemented filling, forms obturation (9); Ventilating duct in obturation (9) during the ore pillar of going up a hill (18) back production in pre-buried filter pipe and pre-buried next panel, after obturation (9) final set, along the ore pillar of going up a hill (18) in the next panel of (2) working to the rise of going up a hill.
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| CN106989618A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-07-28 | 贵州理工学院 | Cooling system inside large volume goaf filling body |
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