CN104179505B - A kind of underground mining method of phosphorus ore - Google Patents
A kind of underground mining method of phosphorus ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN104179505B CN104179505B CN201410048678.7A CN201410048678A CN104179505B CN 104179505 B CN104179505 B CN 104179505B CN 201410048678 A CN201410048678 A CN 201410048678A CN 104179505 B CN104179505 B CN 104179505B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underground mining methods composing the phosphorus deposit deposited for Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province areas adjacent Lower Cambrian Series Meishucun group, be to provide order be a kind ofly applicable to have simultaneously/be as thin as in thick/breaking roof/compose the special phosphorus ore underground mining methods deposited containing this Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province region of soft interlayer/tetra-kind of feature, to guarantee that this region and national conditions of similarity Deep Mining ore body resource security develop efficiently.This method driving inclined shaft, along orebody trend driving stage casing great Xiang, be divided into by ore body two ore beds to carry out back production respectively, between two ore beds, thickness of interlayer is 4 ~ 6m, first adopts upper strata Kuang Houcai lower floor ore deposit, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, back production lower floor ore bed.Top workable seam (average thickness 8.9m), adopts segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method; Bottom workable seam (average thickness is 4m) adopts shallow hole shrinkage method to exploit, does is termination span during upper and lower two coal mining not less than 150? m.The present invention is for possessing 36 ~ 52 °, angle of slope, thickness 3 ~ 12m, the hard coefficient of top board 0.8 ~ 2, all applicable containing the phosphorus deposit of soft thickness of interlayer 4 ~ 6m tetra-kinds of characteristic ranges simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining engineering technical field, specifically relate to a kind of underground mining method of phosphorus ore.
Background technology
Phosphorus ore is national important strategic resource, is one of 20 mineral that can not meet national economic development demand after Ministry of Land and Resources is classified as 2010.In the fields such as China's grain-production, modern chemical industry, new forms of energy, new material and national defence, there is extensive use.At present, phosphorate rock mining under the complex geological condition that phosphor resource faces in developing, i.e. gentle dip, tilt, thick in being as thin as, roof cracking, containing the phosphorus orebody mining of soft interlayer, there is slanting angle of ore body instability, orebody shape change greatly, boundary line of ore bed and rock is unclear, the characteristic feature of supporting difficulty, this ore body occurrence characteristics gives outdoor or underground mining, all bring a series of technical barrier, the rate that often causes damage is high, the problems such as the high and resource recovery of the rate of dilution is low, seriously govern the development of China's phosphorate rock mining technology, so far the exploitation of this kind of feature ore body remains world's mining technique difficult problem.Technical barrier, the Efficient Development that govern phosphate rock resource utilizes.Therefore, for the technical barrier that this mine circle generally acknowledges, by mining technology innovation, technological innovation and perfect, under the applicable new situations condition of research, the mining methods of mining technical condition are very necessary, to realize the efficient comprehensive development and utilization of phosphorus ore, guarantee that mine is developed for a long time sustainedly and stably.
The domestic development test about phosphorus deposit underground mining and engineering are still in the Primary Study stage at present, and particularly complexity is almost blank with the development test under severe geological mining condition and the case history of exploration, and existing main results is as described below:
1. Chinese patent 85103513 in Kaiyang phosphate rocks group mining area thick partially thin/difficulty that the partially slow/little structure that tilts is grown adopts phosphorus ore body, invent " across pitch moves back continuously and adopts sublevel open stoping caved stopes ", Chinese patent 03136109.3 and adopted phosphorus ore body for the difficulty of Kaiyang phosphate rocks group Phosphorus Mineral Area gentle dip, Medium Thickness And Medium Slope Angle, invented " the roof bolting sublevel open stope method of phosphorate rock mining ".Chinese patent 85103513 " across pitch moves back continuously and adopts sublevel open stoping caved stopes " is although have the advantages that technique is simple, be easy to grasp, but there is the shortcoming (loss late 41.12%, the rate of dilution 12.04%) that production practice is perfect not, poor stability (immediate roof is easy to inbreak), the rate of dilution and loss late are large; Chinese patent 03136109.3 " the roof bolting sublevel open stope method of phosphorate rock mining " has that production practice is perfect, safety is high, the rate of dilution and the little advantage of loss late, but its production practice is complicated, support cost is high, and its extent of spreading amd application is limited.Above-mentioned two kinds of mining methods to having simultaneously/be as thin as in thick/breaking roof/there is no direct applied technical support condition containing the phosphorus ore underground mining of soft interlayer/tetra-kind of feature.
2. the Zhang Yisheng senior engineer of Changsha Design & Research Inst., Ministry of Chemical Industry is to Sichuan Jin He phosphorus ore, Hubei chaste tree assist the mining methods of thick gently inclined phosphate body body in phosphorus ore and Kaiyang phosphate rocks three mining areas be studied [Zhang Yisheng. the development [J] of thick gently inclined phosphate body underground mining method in China. minerals commonly used in chemical industry and processing, 1992, 21(2): 16-22], the Peng Kang master of Central South University to thick in Kaiyang phosphate rocks group mining area/inclination/broken difficulty adopt phosphorus ore body filling mining method be studied [Peng Kang. in thick inclination broken phosphorus ore body exploitation method research and apply [D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2011], the Tian Weijun of University Of Chongqing, Tang Qiang master is for the gentle dip in Yunnan phosphatization group mining area, Medium Thickness And Medium Slope Angle phosphorus ore body Mining by caving method is studied [[Tian Weijun. in gentle dip, thick phosphorus deposit underground mining stope mine pressing manifests and overlying rock Distortion Disciplinarian [D]. Chongqing: University Of Chongqing, 2010], [Tang Qiang. Medium Thickness And Medium Slope Angle phosphorus deposit Mining by caving method stope mine pressing manifests and overlying rock Distortion Disciplinarian [D]. Chongqing: University Of Chongqing, 2011]], above-mentioned scholar in thick gently inclined phosphate body, in thick/inclination/broken phosphorus ore, in thick inclination phosphorus ore carried out Caving Method with Large Space, Footwall chute mining codes, room-and-pillar method, the research of the multiple mining methods such as filling method, to phosphorus ore underground mining under various different condition, there is important Engineering Guidance meaning, but above-mentioned correlative study all do not have relate to have simultaneously/be as thin as in thick/breaking roof/containing the research of soft interlayer/tetra-kind of feature phosphorus ore mining methods.
Summary of the invention
Thick/breaking roof in the object of the invention is for having while in perimeter zone, China Dian Chi and other conditions of similarity mining area/being as thin as/adopt phosphorus deposit containing soft interlayer/tetra-kind of a feature difficulty, there is provided a kind of efficient, safety, technique simple, be easy to the mining methods grasped, cost is low, to realize the efficient comprehensive development and utilization of phosphorus ore, extend mine life.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of underground mining method of phosphorus ore, described phosphorus ore is thick, breaking roof in tilting, being as thin as, containing soft interlayer phosphorus ore, in the middle part of ore field across pitch, the inclined shaft leading to ore body is dug by ground, arrive distance ore body floor rocks 30 ~ 50m position, along orebody trend driving stage casing great Xiang, two ore beds are divided into by ore body to carry out back production respectively, between two ore beds, thickness of interlayer is 4 ~ 6m, coal mining order first adopts upper strata Kuang Houcai lower floor ore deposit, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, back production lower floor ore bed; The average thickness of top workable seam is 8.0-9.5m, adopts segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method; The average thickness of bottom workable seam is 3.5-4.5m, and adopt shallow hole shrinkage method exploitation, termination span during upper and lower two coal mining is not less than 150m.
Described inclination phosphorus ore, its slanting angle of ore body scope is 36 ~ 52 °.
Described be as thin as in thick phosphorus ore, its orebody thickness scope is 3 ~ 12m.
Described breaking roof phosphorus ore, the hard coefficient range of its ore body roof rock is 0.8 ~ 2.
Described contains soft interlayer phosphorus ore, and the soft interlayer of its ore body is thickness is the shale of 4 ~ 6m and the mixed layer of argillaceous dolomite.
Described stage casing great Xiang, it is arranged in and floor level distance 30 ~ 50m position, and this large lane is cross-sectional area 8 ~ 12m
2arched tunnel, its length is 600-1500m.
Described coal mining order, namely carries out back production respectively to ore body two ore bed, for ensureing production safety, must adhere to the principle of first adopting upper strata Hou Cai lower floor, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, just allows back production lower floor ore bed.For a stage, segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space exploits from top to bottom, and shallow hole shrinkage method exploits from the bottom up.Therefore, in the same stage, in the same sector of across pitch, must treat that on segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space stope, armor rockfall falls behind, and could adopt shallow hole shrinkage method to carry out back production ore removal to lower floor's ore deposit stope.For guaranteeing safety during two-layer ore body back production, the interlayer between upper and lower dish two kinds of mining methods stopes should ensure the thickness of 4 ~ 6m, when adopting shallow hole shrinkage method back production to avoid lower floor ore deposit, due to concussion of blasting, interlayer may be caused to collapse and security incident occurs.
Described segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method, namely nugget across pitch is arranged, nugget length 100m, miding level height 50m, height of lift 10m, i.e. 2220m-2270m, adopt and arrange ore removal route along the pulse, each nugget arranges the outer ore removal drop shaft of an arteries and veins, adopt segmentation connection roadway contact ore removal route and ore removal drop shaft, arteries and veins arranges a ramp outward, for trackless equipment run and personnel upper and lower, slot raise is dug from the end of nugget segmentation route, cutting crosscut and cutting groove, form the explosion scope of freedom, then move back to ore removal drop shaft direction and adopt, the total stopping sequence of nugget is for upper and lower route, the advanced lower segment route exploitation of upper segment route.When upper armor rock moderately stable, can arrange the segmentation of 2 ~ 3 barnyard ore removals, the distance of the delayed upper segmentation of lower substoping, is as the criterion to meet job safety.Back production rock drilling adopts TJ25 type disc type drilling cramp to join YGZ90 hammer drill, configuration TJ25 type disc type drilling cramp and 2, YGZ90 type hammer drill cover.Ore removal adopts 2m
3electric LHD.After each medium-length hole blasting, transport about 30% of broken ore, residue ore is stayed in stope, as the support of roof rock.If roof rock steadiness is better, also can tries one's best and transport some without dilution ore more, but it is not spacious empty that end must be kept to go out mine mouth, kept apart in dead zone and route setting, to ensure the safety of underground operators with broken ore.The ore recuperation of whole stope is carried out in the most next segmentation, ore removal under covering layer.Configure 1 2m
3electric LHD.Fresh wind enters ore removal route from ramp, and behind cleaning face, useless wind is extracted out by blower fan, sends into return air raise, discharges earth's surface through 2270m tailgate.Actual mining moves back continuously from nugget one end to ramp direction and adopts, and studding is not stayed in centre, does not have pillar recovery operation.Need not covering layer be formed before back production ore removal, but leave the fore-set of suitable depth, form barnyard ore drawing condition.Before this fore-set or the inbreak of upper armor rock, below segmentation ore removal under barnyard, release without dilution ore.In barnyard ore removal process, along with the releasing of broken ore, barnyard is increasing, when country rock exposure in dead zone reaches certain area, natural caving will occur.Emit backwardness at fore-set (or upper armor rock), formed and cover rock ore drawing condition, by the next segmentation of sublevel caving method back production, fully reclaim ore in stope.If fore-set can not natural caving, then need forced caving, after upper armor rock reaches certain exposed area, just can natural caving.Nugget production capacity: 300t/d; Ore loss ratio: 15% ~ 20%; Ore dilution rate: 10% ~ 12%.
Described shallow hole shrinkage method exploitation, namely nugget across pitch is arranged, the long 50m of across pitch, nugget height 50m, mineral building length 44m, the wide 6m of studding, adopts scraper shrinkage method, foundation height 13m, is 6m during employing flat-bottom structure.Mining engineering comprises haulage way, Mai Nei People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise, stope connecting taxiway along the pulse.Cutting engineering comprises the gallery that undercuts, funnel.Process for stoping order: perforating, powder charge, blow out, ventilate, sprinkle water, hair is prized in local ore drawing, place, smooth etc.Adopt the perforating of YSP-45 type hammer drill, each stope 2.After every separate explosion, release 30% ~ 40% of broken ore, local ore drawing, makes stope operation height remain on about 1.5-2.5m, after whole explosion is measured in mineral building ore deposit, then carries out a large amount of ore drawing.At each funnel place, Simple shutter is installed, artificial ore drawing entrucking.Also by funnel, focus on ore drawing The Small Well through scraper, adopt vibration ore dumping machine entrucking.Fresh distinguished and admirable through entering side People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise along vein transporting drift, then enter stope through stope connecting taxiway, behind cleaning face, dirty wind drains into 2270m tailgate from opposite side People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise.After the back production of adjacent two stope mineral buildings terminates, Drilling big gun hole in courtyard in studding, blasting in once-through, broken ore is released from stope funnel.Nugget production capacity: 70t/d; Ore loss ratio: 15%; Ore dilution rate: 10%.
In order to avoid stage casing, large lane is by the destruction of the mining induced stress of underground mining engineering, and stage casing great Xiang is arranged in and floor level distance 30 ~ 50m position, and this large lane is cross-sectional area 8 ~ 12m
2arched tunnel, its length is generally 600 ~ 1500m.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages in the present invention:
1, at home first for having simultaneously/be as thin as in thick/breaking roof/adopt phosphorus deposit containing soft interlayer/tetra-kind of a feature difficulty, a kind of mining methods being suitable for its underground mining are provided, improve the utilization rate of phosphate rock resource under complicated mal-condition simultaneously, extend mine life.
2, mining methods of the present invention, have efficient: ore loss ratio is less than 20%, the mine rate of dilution be less than 12%, safety: workman's all local operations beyond mined area, technique are simple: flow process is few, mechanical work degree is high, be easy to grasp: engineers and technicians' learning difficulty is low, cost is low: supporting and the low feature of filling expense.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The simple and easy schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 1 Development system.
The simple and easy schematic diagram of accompanying drawing 2 segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method.
Accompanying drawing 3 shallow hole shrinkage method exploits simple and easy schematic diagram.
1. being inclined shaft in Fig. 1, is 2. the large lane of level haulage; 1. being the outer cut-off of lower arteries and veins in Fig. 2, is 2. slice drift, and be 3. segmentation connecting taxiway, being 4. stone drop shaft, is 5. return air raise, is 6. tailgate; 1. be the outer cut-off of lower arteries and veins in Fig. 3,2. getting in touch with courtyard outward for lower arteries and veins, is 3. courtyard in arteries and veins, and be 4. courtyard mining passage, be 5. funnel, being 6. the outer scraper tunnel of arteries and veins, is 7. outer courty.ard passage in arteries and veins, is 8. dress mine, and being 9. dress ore deposit passage, is 10. lower tailgate.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated for a stope embodiment near coal-mine below in conjunction with No. 2, Yunnan Linhua Group Corp., Ltd.'s Jinning County's phosphorus ore, but be not limited to embodiment.
No. 2 near coal-mine stope basic conditions: inclination angle is 36 ° ~ 52 °, average 40 °, the wide 20 ~ 30m of across strike, hang down high 50m, original buried depth about 50 ~ 200m.I grade of product ore deposit is positioned at ore bed top, and hanging down thick is 4.80 ~ 7.00m; II grade of product ore deposit is mainly positioned in the middle part of ore bed, in branch's composite-like or and III grade of product ore deposit be that alternating layers shape interval occurs, and local is containing horsestone lens.In exploitation, 2.+3. layer ore deposit (I+II grade of product), ore bed average level thickness is 8.9m to dish, mean obliquity 40 °; Lower wall is-3 layers of ore deposit (II grade of product) 4., and ore bed average level thickness is 4m, mean obliquity 40 °.Interlayer (being mainly III grade of product) thickness 4 ~ 6m between upper and lower dish ore bed.
The mining methods of this stope are: in the middle part of ore field across pitch, the inclined shaft leading to ore body is dug by ground, arrive distance ore body floor rocks 30 ~ 50m position, along orebody trend driving stage casing great Xiang, be divided into by ore body two ore beds to carry out back production respectively, between two ore beds, thickness of interlayer is 4 ~ 6m, first adopts upper strata Kuang Houcai lower floor ore deposit, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, back production lower floor ore bed.Top workable seam (average thickness 8.9m), adopts segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method; Bottom workable seam (average thickness is 4m) adopts shallow hole shrinkage method to exploit, and termination span during upper and lower two coal mining is not less than 150m.
Upper and lower two-layer mining methods illustrate:
1. go up ore bed segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space
A) nugget inscape
Nugget across pitch is arranged, nugget length 100m, miding level height 50m (2220m ~ 2270m), height of lift 10m.
B) accurate cutting is adopted
Due to upper dish 2.+3. layer ore body average level thickness 8.9m, in order to increase driving band ore deposit, and reducing the outer engineering of arteries and veins, arranging segmentation ore removal route along the pulse.Each nugget arranges the outer ore removal drop shaft of an arteries and veins, and ore removal route is communicated with by segmentation Chuan Mai tunnel with mine chute.Arteries and veins arranges ramp outward, for trackless equipment run and personnel upper and lower.
C) back production
Back production rock drilling adopts TJ25 type disc type drilling cramp to join YGZ90 hammer drill.First dig slot raise, cutting crosscut and cutting groove from the end of nugget segmentation route, form the explosion scope of freedom, then move back to ore removal drop shaft direction and adopt.The total stopping sequence of nugget is: upper segmentation descend substoping in advance, if upper armor rock firmly, can arrange the segmentation of 2-3 barnyard ore removal, the distance of the delayed upper segmentation of lower substoping, is as the criterion to meet job safety.
D) ore drawing in stope
Ore removal adopts 2m
3electric LHD.After each medium-length hole blasting, transport about 30% of broken ore, residue ore is stayed in stope, as the support of roof rock.If roof rock steadiness is better, also can tries one's best and transport some without dilution ore more, but it is not spacious empty that end must be kept to go out mine mouth, kept apart in dead zone and route setting, to ensure the safety of underground operators with broken ore.The ore recuperation of whole stope is carried out in the most next segmentation, ore removal under covering layer.
E) nugget ventilates
Fresh wind enters segmentation ore removal route from ramp, and behind cleaning face, useless wind is extracted out by portable blower, sends into return air raise, discharges earth's surface through 2270m tailgate.
F) pillar recovery and Mined-out Area control
Actual mining moves back continuously from nugget one end to ramp direction and adopts, and studding is not stayed in centre, does not have pillar recovery operation.Need not covering layer be formed before back production ore removal, but leave the fore-set of suitable depth, form barnyard ore drawing condition.Before this fore-set (or upper armor rock) inbreak, below segmentation ore removal under barnyard, release without dilution ore.In barnyard ore removal process, along with the releasing of broken ore, barnyard is increasing, when country rock exposure in dead zone reaches certain area, just natural caving can occur.Emit backwardness at fore-set (or upper armor rock), formed and cover rock ore drawing condition, by the next segmentation of sublevel caving method back production, fully reclaim ore in stope.If duration of test fore-set can not natural caving, then need forced caving, after upper armor rock reaches certain exposed area, just can natural caving.In order to ensure production safety, top ore removal segmentation, it is not spacious empty to keep end to go out mine mouth that each ore removal all leaves part broken ore, kept apart in dead zone and route setting, prevent the drop impact that emits in goaf from endangering with this with broken ore.Last segmentation, the suitable sluggish back production time, makes it form complete covering layer, ensures this segmentation ore removal under covering rock.
G) standard, cutting engineering quantity is adopted in table 1.
H) leading indicator
Nugget production capacity: 300t/d;
Ore loss ratio: 15-20%;
Ore dilution rate: 10-12%.
Table 1 segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space is adopted and is cut bill of quantities
| Sequence number | Title | Number of lanes | Excavated section (m 2) | Length (m) | Excavation work amount (m 3) |
| One | Adopt accurate engineering | 732.00 | 6028.58 | ||
| 1 | Mining panel ramp | 0.25 | 10.40 | 100 | 1040 |
| 2 | Slice drift | 4 | 8.36 | 400.00 | 3345.72 |
| 3 | Segmentation connecting taxiway | 4 | 8.92 | 137.00 | 1222.36 |
| 4 | Mine chute | 1 | 4.90 | 45.00 | 220.50 |
| 5 | Return air raise | 1 | 4.00 | 50.00 | 200.00 |
| Two | Cutting engineering | 58.00 | 382.00 | ||
| 5 | Slot raise | 4 | 4.00 | 28.00 | 112.00 |
| 6 | Cutting crosscut | 4 | 9.00 | 30.00 | 270.00 |
| Add up to | 790.00 | 6410.58 |
Note: campaign, 4 nuggets formed a panel, shares a ramp, and stand is 100m to the length of each nugget.
2 times ore bed shallow hole shrinkage methods
A) block structure parameter
Nugget across pitch is arranged, the long 48m of across pitch, nugget height 50m, mineral building length 40m, the wide 8m of studding, foundation height 10m, fore-set height 3m.
B) accurate cutting is adopted
Design adopts flat-bottom structure, arranges scraper haulage drift and dress ore deposit route outward at ore bed chassis arteries and veins.Adopt accurate engineering and also comprise Mai Nei People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise, stope connecting taxiway.Cutting engineering only has the gallery that undercuts, and is arranged in the ore body of foundation top.
C) back production
Adopt the perforating of YSP-45 type hammer drill.Stope mining operation circulation is: perforating, powder charge, blow out, ventilate, sprinkle water, local ore drawing, place sled hair, smooth etc.
D) ore drawing in stope
After every separate explosion, release the 30-40% (i.e. local ore drawing makes stope operation height remain on about 2m) of broken ore, after whole explosion is measured in mineral building ore deposit, then carry out a large amount of ore drawing.
Ore removal adopts electric LHD, enters dress ore deposit route load by scraper, and after transport mine chute (sharing with segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space) to through scraper haulage drift, segmentation connecting taxiway.
E) stope ventilation: freshly distinguished and admirablely enter side People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise through People's Bank of China Chuan Mai tunnel, then enter stope through stope connecting taxiway, behind cleaning face, dirty wind drains into 2270m tailgate from opposite side People's Bank of China vent (-escape) raise.
F) pillar recovery: after the back production of adjacent two stope mineral buildings terminates, Drilling big gun hole in courtyard in studding, blasting in once-through, broken ore loads and transports to stope mine chute from Bottom of Stope scraper.
G) standard, cutting engineering quantity (two stopes) is adopted in table 2.
Table 2 shallow hole shrinkage method nugget is adopted and is cut bill of quantities
| Sequence number | Title | Number of lanes | Excavated section (m 2) | Length (m) | Excavation work amount (m 3) |
| One | Adopt accurate engineering | 545.00 | 3136.43 | ||
| 1 | People's Bank of China's vent (-escape) raise | 3 | 4.00 | 195.00 | 780.00 |
| 3 | People's Bank of China ventilates and wears arteries and veins | 3 | 4.31 | 90.00 | 387.77 |
| 4 | Dress ore deposit route | 8 | 8.36 | 100.00 | 836.43 |
| 5 | Scraper haulage drift | 1 | 8.92 | 100.00 | 892.23 |
| 6 | Courtyard stope connecting taxiway | 15 | 4.00 | 60.00 | 240.00 |
| Two | Cutting engineering | 80.00 | 720.00 | ||
| 7 | Undercut tunnel | 2 | 9.00 | 80.00 | 720.00 |
| Add up to | 625.00 | 3856.43 |
H) roof control and Mined-out Area control
In shallow hole shrinkage method exploitation process, leave most of broken ore in mineral building, as the temporary support of upper armor rock, therefore, the possibility of upper armor rock inbreak is less.Main hazard in exploitation process is from mineral building top board, and because ore steadiness is poor, the inbreak of top board ore will cause personal injury accidents, therefore, after each local ore drawing, all should carry out careful " tapping ", remove float stone, to place built on the sand, adopt temporary lining measure.
After a large amount of ore drawing of whole mineral building completes, forced caving fore-set is considered in the process in goaf, and dead zone is communicated with earth's surface, and on the other hand, avalanche studding, makes armor rock lose support, after reaching certain exposed area, and upper armor rock natural caving, bashing.
I) leading indicator
Nugget production capacity: 70t/d;
Ore loss ratio: 15%;
Ore dilution rate: 10%.
Respectively back production being carried out to ore body two ore bed, for ensureing production safety, the principle of first adopting upper strata Hou Cai lower floor must be adhered to, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, just allow back production lower floor ore bed.For a stage, segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space exploits from top to bottom, and shallow hole shrinkage method exploits from the bottom up.Therefore, in the same stage, in the same sector of across pitch, must treat that on segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space stope, armor rockfall falls behind, and could adopt shallow hole shrinkage method to carry out back production ore removal to lower floor's ore deposit stope.For guaranteeing safety during two-layer ore body back production, the interlayer between upper and lower dish two kinds of mining methods stopes should ensure the thickness of 4 ~ 6m, when adopting shallow hole shrinkage method back production to avoid lower floor ore deposit, due to concussion of blasting, interlayer may be caused to collapse and security incident occurs.
Claims (8)
1. the underground mining method of a phosphorus ore, it is characterized in that, described phosphorus ore is thick, breaking roof in tilting, being as thin as, containing soft interlayer phosphorus ore, in the middle part of ore field across pitch, the inclined shaft leading to ore body is dug by ground, arrive distance ore body floor rocks 30 ~ 50m position, along orebody trend driving stage casing great Xiang, two ore beds are divided into by ore body to carry out back production respectively, between two ore beds, thickness of interlayer is 4 ~ 6m, coal mining order first adopts upper strata Kuang Houcai lower floor ore deposit, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, and back production lower floor ore bed; The average thickness of top workable seam is 8.0-9.5m, adopts segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method; The average thickness of bottom workable seam is 3.5-4.5m, and adopt shallow hole shrinkage method exploitation, termination span during upper and lower two coal mining is not less than 150m.
2., by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described inclination phosphorus ore, its slanting angle of ore body scope is 36 ~ 52 °.
3., by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described be as thin as in thick phosphorus ore, its orebody thickness scope is 3 ~ 12m.
4., by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described breaking roof phosphorus ore, the hard coefficient range of its ore body roof rock is 0.8 ~ 2.
5. by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described contains soft interlayer phosphorus ore, and the soft interlayer of its ore body is thickness is the shale of 4 ~ 6m and the mixed layer of argillaceous dolomite.
6. by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stage casing great Xiang, it is arranged in and floor level distance 30 ~ 50m position, and this large lane is cross-sectional area 8 ~ 12m
2arched tunnel, its length is 600-1500m.
7. by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described coal mining order, namely respectively back production is carried out to ore body two ore bed, first adopt upper strata Hou Cai lower floor, back production lower floor ore bed after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, for ensureing production safety, the principle of first adopting upper strata Hou Cai lower floor must be adhered to, after the balkstone avalanche of ore deposit, upper strata is also stable, back production lower floor ore bed, the interlayer between upper and lower layer two kinds of mining methods stope should ensure the thickness of 4 ~ 6m.
8. by the underground mining method of a kind of phosphorus ore according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described segmentation shrink-Mining by caving method, namely nugget across pitch is arranged, nugget length 100m, miding level height 50m, height of lift 10m, adopt and arrange ore removal route along the pulse, each nugget arranges the outer ore removal drop shaft of an arteries and veins, adopt segmentation connection roadway contact ore removal route and ore removal drop shaft, arteries and veins arranges a ramp outward, for trackless equipment run and personnel upper and lower, slot raise is dug from the end of nugget segmentation route, cutting crosscut and cutting groove, form the explosion scope of freedom, then move back to ore removal drop shaft direction and adopt, the total stopping sequence of nugget is: for upper and lower route, the advanced lower segment route exploitation of upper segment route, back production is moved back continuously from nugget one end to ramp direction and is adopted, leave fore-set, leave barnyard ore drawing, in barnyard ore removal process, broken ore is released, there is natural caving, fore-set or on armor rock emit backwardness, by the next segmentation of segmentation shrink-Caving Method with Large Space back production, ore in abundant recovery stope.
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