CN103616287A - Laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation - Google Patents
Laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616287A CN103616287A CN201310616750.7A CN201310616750A CN103616287A CN 103616287 A CN103616287 A CN 103616287A CN 201310616750 A CN201310616750 A CN 201310616750A CN 103616287 A CN103616287 A CN 103616287A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation. The laboratory model testing device comprises a model box, a tunnel structure model, a loading device and an excavation device, wherein the model box is composed of a floor trough and an organic glass plate, the organic glass plate is fixed on the opening surface of the floor trough through a groove; model testing fillers are padded in the model box; the tunnel structure model is made of rosin materials in a casting manner according to the ratio of similitude of an actual tunnel section, and is arranged in the middle of the model box; the loading device mainly comprises a counter-force beam, a steel plate and a hydraulic jack, and is arranged on the top of the model box; the excavation device mainly comprises a heating wire, a lead and a power supply switch, wherein the heating wire is arranged in the tunnel structure model. Due to the adoption of the testing device, the shape and size simulation in the tunnel excavation process can be performed conveniently, an excavation boundary can be well matched with a geometric boundary designed in advanced, the simulated tunnel excavation can be relatively well matched with an actual engineering; the testing device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, low in cost, and convenient to develop and apply.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Tunnel Engineering technical field in ground and underground works, be specifically related to a kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device.
Background technology
In recent years, along with highway in China is large-scale, develops and extend to mountain area, tunnel in the line shared ratio is more and more higher, problem in constructing tunnel process is also more and more protruded, utilize similarity theory for basic physical experiments be a kind of important means of current research and analysis constructing tunnel problem.At present constructing tunnel model test is mainly undertaken by two kinds of methods: the first is the method for " first punching, rear loading " by overload, and it two is first to load, and then according to the geometrical boundary designing, adopts artificial mode to draw excavator body.Method one test operation is convenient, but the true force-bearing situation that can not reflect tunnel surrounding, the true force-bearing situation of method two energy simulation tunnel, easily causes caving in of the tunneling periphery soil body but draw excavator body with instrument, causes excavation border not conform to pre-designed geometrical boundary.On the other hand, due to operation inconvenience, existing model test has been ignored the effect of preliminary bracing substantially, and this has run counter to the New Austrian Tunneling Method design concept adopting in Practical Project, and the test figure gathering like this lacks science and accuracy.For this reason, in the urgent need to a kind of can be truly, scientifically test method and the equipment of simulation tunnel excavation, for construction and the Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock of Tunnel Engineering provides reliable foundation.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accuracy good, simple in structure, easy to operate, the tunnel excavation indoor model test device that provides reliable foundation for construction and the Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock of Tunnel Engineering.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model, charger and excavating device, described model casing is comprised of geosyncline and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, geosyncline is simultaneously provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove, and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is fixed on the one side of ground channel opening by groove, be filled with model test filler in described model casing;
Described tunnel structural model is built and is formed according to ratio of similitude size according to actual tunnel cross section, and described tunnel structural model is arranged at the middle part of model casing, and described tunnel structural model adopts rosin material to make;
Described charger is mainly comprised of reaction beam, steel plate and hydraulic jack, be arranged at the top of model casing, described reaction beam is fixed on geosyncline top by anchor bolt, and steel plate is arranged at model test filler top, and hydraulic jack is arranged between reaction beam and steel plate;
Described excavating device is mainly comprised of heating wire, wire and power switch, and heating wire is arranged in tunnel structural model, and power switch is connected on wire and is arranged at model casing outside.
Described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is colourless transparent glass.
Described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate middle part is provided with a hole slightly larger than tunnel cross section.
Described model test filler is mainly comprised of earth material and building stones, recently simulates the tunnel surrounding of different brackets by adjusting the cooperation of earth material and building stones.
Described heating wire is woven into annulus spaced set that diameter is less than tunnel structural model in tunnel structural model.
Described geosyncline side is provided with wire guide, and wire is connected heating wire by wire guide with power switch.
Described heating wire adopts nickel chromium triangle material to make.
Described reaction beam adopts joist steel to process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because tunnel structural model in the present invention utilizes fusing point low, the high rosin of cooling rear intensity is built and is formed, so adopt the present invention can conveniently carry out the tunnel excavation process simulation of shape and size.
2, tunnel structural model was placed among tunnel model case before loading, this is consistent with tunnel actual loading situation, the excavation in tunnel is to melt to simulate by electric-heating-wire-heating, avoided the impact of excavation vibration on periphery filler, making to excavate border and pre-designed geometrical boundary can well coincide.
3, in simulation of excavation process, the heating and melting of rosin will make the filler of tunnel perimeter adhere to the thin rosin of one deck, this layer of rosin can be simulated the concrete spraying support after actual tunnel excavation, and this makes model test more approach the New Austrian Tunneling Method design concept in Practical Project.
4, tunnel excavation and the Practical Project of the present invention simulation meet more, and accuracy is good, simple in structure, easy to operate, cost is low, easy to utilize.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tunnel structural model schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure: 1, geosyncline; 2, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate; 3, model test filler; 4, tunnel structural model; 5, reaction beam; 6, steel plate; 7, hydraulic jack; 8, heating wire; 9, wire; 10, power switch; 11, groove; 12, hole; 13, wire guide; 14, anchor bolt.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment, further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention.
A kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model 4, charger and excavating device, described model casing is comprised of geosyncline 1 and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2, in geosyncline 1 one side, be provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 is fixed on the one side of geosyncline 1 opening by groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 thickness are 10～15mm, and water white transparency, is provided with a hole 12 slightly larger than tunnel cross section at poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 middle parts, be convenient to observe tunnel structural model around real-time change and the displacement situation of filler.
In described model casing, be filled with model test filler 3, described model test filler 3 is mainly comprised of earth material and building stones, the tunnel surrounding of recently simulating different brackets by adjusting the cooperation of earth material and building stones, in the compound of earth material and building stones, the content of building stones is 10%～70%.
Described excavating device is mainly comprised of heating wire 8, wire 9 and power switch 10, described heating wire 8 is woven into annulus spaced set that diameter is less than tunnel structural model 4 in tunnel structural model 4, and power switch 10 is connected on wire 9 and is arranged at model casing outside; Described heating wire 8 adopts nickel chromium triangle material to make.
Described tunnel structural model 4 adopts rosin material to build and form according to ratio of similitude size 1:50～1:80 according to actual tunnel cross section, placement in layers earth material and building stones compacting in model casing, model test filler 3 design heights are 1.5～2m, when constructing to a half of model test filler 3 design heights, tunnel structural model 4 is put in to model test filler 3 middle parts, and with wire 9, the wire guide 13 by geosyncline 1 side is connected heating wire 8 with power switch 10, forms a closed circuit; Then by identical construction method, fill remaining earth material and building stones.
Described charger is mainly comprised of reaction beam 5, steel plate 6 and hydraulic jack 7, be arranged at the top of model casing, by joist steel, the width (1～1.2m) with reference to geosyncline 1 processes described reaction beam 5, two reaction beams 5 are fixed on geosyncline 1 top by anchor bolt 14, thickness is that the steel plate 6 of 12～14mm is arranged at model test filler 3 tops, and hydraulic jack 7 is arranged between reaction beam 5 and steel plate 6;
Concrete test procedure is as follows:
1, first with reference to design tunnel structure cross dimensions, by ratio of similitude size 1:50～1:80, determine diameter and the model casing size of tunnel structural model 4, then build geosyncline 1 by laying bricks or stones, and by groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 is fixed on to opening one side of geosyncline 1, by anchor bolt 14, reaction beam 5 is fixed on to the top of geosyncline 1;
2, according to the shape in tunneling cross section and size, utilize rosin to build out tunnel structural model 4 according to 1:50～1:80, build front by heating wire 8 be woven into diameter be less than tunnel structural model 4 annulus and be equidistantly placed in tunnel structural model 4;
3, 3 layerings of model test filler are inserted in model casing device, model test filler 3 is comprised of earth material and building stones, wherein the content of building stones quality is 10%～70%, every layer is filled 15～20cm, utilize ramming machine compacting, when construct to filler design height (1.5～2m) half (0.75～1m) time, the tunnel structural model of building in advance 4 is positioned in the middle of filler, and pass through after wire guide 13, heating wire 8 and power switch 10 to be connected with wire 9, then continue to fill model test filler 3 to design height, and by foil gauge, pressure cell and displacement transducer are embedded in tunnel structural model 4 around,
4, steel plate 6 is placed on to the top of model test filler 3, at steel plate 6 and 5 of reaction frames, hydraulic jack 7 is set, lifting hydraulic jack 7 makes it to model test filler 3 pressurization in model casing, when being loaded on 50～100 kPas of design pressures, stops pressurization;
5, every group of wire is connected with laboratory power supply, the switch 10 that switches on power successively, heating wire 8 generates heat rapidly, tunnel structural model 4 is melted toward interior gradually from outer, thus the digging process of simulation tunnel;
6, see through the situation of change of native stone mixed fillers in the rear model of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 observation tunnel structural model 4 fusing, and be described in detail and record, by foil gauge, pressure cell and displacement transducer test stress and displacement situation, and analyze stability and the secondary supporting best opportunity of tunnel surrounding, test complete.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that in above-described embodiment and instructions, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model (4), stress model and excavation model, it is characterized in that: described model casing is comprised of geosyncline (1) and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2), in geosyncline (1) one side, be provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove (11), poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) is fixed on the one side of geosyncline (1) opening by groove (11), be filled with model test filler (3) in described model casing;
Described tunnel structural model (4) is built and is formed according to ratio of similitude size according to actual tunnel cross section, and described tunnel structural model (4) is arranged at the middle part of model casing, and described tunnel structural model (4) adopts rosin material to make;
Described stress model is mainly comprised of reaction beam (5), steel plate (6) and hydraulic jack (7), be arranged at the top of model casing, described reaction beam (5) is fixed on geosyncline (1) top by anchor bolt (14), steel plate (6) is arranged at model test filler (3) top, and hydraulic jack (7) is arranged between reaction beam (5) and steel plate (6);
Described excavation model is mainly comprised of heating wire (8), wire (9) and power switch (10), and heating wire (8) is arranged in tunnel structural model (4), and power switch (10) is connected on wire (9) and goes up and be arranged at model casing outside.
2. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) is colourless transparent glass.
3. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) middle part is provided with a hole slightly larger than tunnel cross section (12).
4. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described model test filler (3) is mainly comprised of earth material and building stones, recently simulates the tunnel surrounding of different brackets by adjusting the cooperation of earth material and building stones.
5. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating wire (8) is woven into annulus spaced set that diameter is less than tunnel structural model (4) in tunnel structural model (4).
6. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described geosyncline (1) side is provided with wire guide (13), and wire (9) is connected heating wire (8) by wire guide (13) with power switch (10).
7. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating wire (8) adopts nickel chromium triangle material to make.
8. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described reaction beam (5) adopts joist steel to process.
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| CN103000068A (en) * | 2012-08-28 | 2013-03-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Tunnel construction process simulating test method |
| CN103915030A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-07-09 | 湖南大学 | Underground engineering tunneling model test device with expanding and contracting function |
| CN104330297A (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2015-02-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Deep-vertical-well ingate three-dimensional physical model experiment apparatus and method |
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| CN112924291A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-08 | 重庆大学 | Model test device and test method for tunnel-type anchorage under tunnel |
| CN112924291B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-05-20 | 重庆大学 | Model test device and test method for tunnel-type anchorage under tunnel |
| CN113311107A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-08-27 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Test device and method for simulating excavation of super-large section variable cross-section urban tunnel |
| CN113311107B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2023-11-14 | 四川公路桥梁建设集团有限公司 | Test device and method for simulating ultra-large section variable cross section urban tunnel excavation |
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