CN108205055B - Shallow undercut tunnel stratum deformation test system that buries under operation highway - Google Patents
Shallow undercut tunnel stratum deformation test system that buries under operation highway Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of a stratum deformation test system of a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel, and aims to provide a stratum deformation test system of a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel under an operation highway. The stratum deformation test system of the shallow-buried underground excavated through road tunnel under the action of traffic load comprises a road tunnel simulation system, a traffic load simulation system and a monitoring system. The invention can simulate the traffic load above a shallow-buried underground excavated tunnel passing through the road by using the servo loading device, and monitors the surface subsidence change, the surrounding rock contact stress change and the acceleration and displacement change of the measuring point soil particles by setting vertical simple harmonic load combinations with different sizes and frequencies to study the surface subsidence rule and the surrounding rock disturbance rule, thereby optimizing the primary support reinforcement parameters and realizing the guidance design and construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a stratum deformation test system of a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel, in particular to a stratum deformation test system of a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel under an operation highway.
Background
The shallow-buried underground excavation method has the advantages of fast construction, small influence on ground traffic and the like, and is widely applied to tunnel excavation projects at home and abroad at present. For the underpass road type tunnel constructed by adopting the shallow buried and underground excavation method, the influence of road traffic load on the tunnel is large because the buried depth of the tunnel is shallow, and the deformation and the damage of the tunnel structure are easily caused. This problem has received widespread attention from both the academic and engineering communities.
The influence of road traffic load is mainly reflected in two aspects of ground settlement and surrounding rock disturbance, wherein the ground settlement can be directly observed through an instrument, the surrounding rock disturbance is reflected through displacement, acceleration, surrounding rock contact stress and the like of soil particles of each measuring point, the measuring points with representativeness are the positions of a vault and arch waists at two sides, and the damage of a tunnel structure is usually firstly generated at the positions. In addition, the damage of the primary lining generally occurs before the secondary lining, so when the damage rule of the tunnel structure under different traffic load conditions is researched, only the damage condition of the primary lining is considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an experimental device for simulating different traffic load working conditions by generating vertical loads with different frequencies and sizes through a servo loading device and monitoring the surface settlement condition and surrounding rock disturbance condition under the action of road traffic load. In order to solve the problems, the solution of the invention is as follows: the stratum deformation test system for the shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel under the operation road can utilize a soil sample to research a stratum deformation test and comprises a road tunnel simulation system, a traffic load simulation system and a monitoring system.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a stratum deformation test system for a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel under an operation highway comprises a highway tunnel simulation system, a traffic load simulation system and a monitoring system;
the highway tunnel simulation system comprises a model groove and a tunnel model, wherein the tunnel model is arranged in the model groove, and the residual space in the model groove is filled with a soil sample; the tunnel model is a cylindrical model formed by a steel bar net and a concrete lining, a plurality of net structure steel arch frames are arranged in the concrete lining along the axial direction, and adjacent net structure steel arch frames are connected through steel bar pull rods;
the section of each network steel arch is a test surface, the arch crown and arch waists at two sides in each test surface are respectively provided with an L VDT displacement sensor, a pressure box and an acceleration sensor which are arranged along the radial direction of the tunnel model, the L VDT displacement sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the concrete lining, and the pressure box and the acceleration sensor are both embedded in the concrete lining and are positioned at the inner side of the network steel arch;
the top surface of the soil sample is provided with a servo loading device and a plurality of L VDT displacement sensors, wherein the L VDT displacement sensors are divided into two rows and symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tunnel model, and the servo loading device is positioned in the middle of the top surface of the soil sample;
the servo loading device forms the traffic load simulation system, and the L VDT displacement sensor, the pressure box and the acceleration sensor form the monitoring system.
Furthermore, the cross section of each net-structured steel arch frame along the radial direction of the tunnel model is a rectangle with the side length being 0.1 time of the diameter of the tunnel, the distance between every two adjacent net-structured steel arch frames is 0.4 times of the diameter of the tunnel, and a thin steel bar pull rod is uniformly welded along the periphery of each two adjacent steel arch frames for longitudinal connection and reinforcement.
Further, the space between the steel arch of the net structure and the reinforcing mesh is 0.05 times of the diameter of the tunnel, and the thickness of the concrete lining on the inner side of the steel arch of the net structure is 0.2 times of the diameter of the tunnel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can simulate the traffic load above a shallow-buried underground excavated tunnel passing through the road by using the servo loading device, and monitors the surface subsidence change, the surrounding rock contact stress change and the acceleration and displacement change of the measuring point soil particles by setting vertical simple harmonic load combinations with different sizes and frequencies to study the surface subsidence rule and the surrounding rock disturbance rule, thereby optimizing the primary support reinforcement parameters and realizing the guidance design and construction.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a side sectional view of a tunnel model according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an elevation sectional view of the tunnel model of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a detail view of the steel arch of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figure are 1. a mould groove, 2. a glass panel, 3. a soil sample, 4. a servo loading device, 5. a bottom gusset plate, 6. L VDT displacement sensors, 7. a tunnel model, 8. a soil pressure box, 9. an acceleration sensor, 10. a reinforcing mesh, 11. a reinforcing pull rod, 12. a mesh steel arch frame and 13. a concrete lining.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following description and embodiments in which:
in order to determine the ground surface settlement rule and the surrounding rock disturbance rule of the shallow buried underground excavated road-penetrating tunnel under the traffic load action of different frequencies and different sizes, the stratum deformation test system of the shallow buried underground excavated road-penetrating tunnel under the traffic load action can carry out vertical simple harmonic load combination of different sizes and frequencies through a servo loading device, and monitor the ground surface settlement change, the surrounding rock contact stress change and the acceleration and displacement change of measuring point soil particles, thereby realizing the purpose. The formation deformation test system shown in fig. 1 comprises a road tunnel simulation system, a traffic load simulation system and a monitoring system.
The highway tunnel simulation system comprises a model groove 1 and a tunnel model 7, wherein the tunnel model 7 is arranged in the model groove 1, and the residual space in the model groove 1 is filled with a soil sample 3; the tunnel model 7 is a cylindrical model formed by a reinforcing mesh 10 and a concrete lining 13, the concrete lining 13 is provided with a plurality of steel network arches 12 which are arranged along the axial direction, and the adjacent steel network arches 12 are connected through a reinforcing steel bar pull rod 11.
The cross section of each network steel arch frame 12 is a test surface, the arch crown and arch waists on two sides in each test surface are respectively provided with an L VDT displacement sensor 6, a pressure box 8 and an acceleration sensor 9 which are arranged along the radial direction of a tunnel model 7, the L VDT displacement sensor 6 is arranged on the inner wall of a concrete lining 13 and used for observing the displacement change situation of a soil sample of each test point in the test process, the pressure box 8 and the acceleration sensor 9 are both embedded in the concrete lining 13 and located on the inner side of the network steel arch frame 12, the pressure box 8 is used for recording the contact stress change situation of surrounding rocks of each test point in the test process, and the acceleration sensor 9 is used for recording the acceleration change situation of the soil sample of each test point in the test process.
The top surface of the soil sample 3 is provided with a servo loading device 4 and a plurality of L VDT displacement sensors 6, wherein the L VDT displacement sensors 6 are divided into two rows and symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tunnel model 7 and are used for observing the ground surface settlement in the test process, and the servo loading device 4 is positioned in the middle of the top surface of the soil sample 3 and is used for applying simple harmonic load combinations with different frequencies and sizes on the top surface of the soil sample 3 in the groove.
The servo loading device 4 forms the traffic load simulation system, and the L VDT displacement sensor 6, the pressure box 8 and the acceleration sensor 9 form the monitoring system.
The reinforcing mesh 10 is realized by processing thin iron wires into flaky meshes; the concrete lining 13 is realized by adopting cement mortar with a certain mixing ratio; the net structural steel arch frame 12 is formed by welding and processing thin steel bars. As a preferable technical scheme, the cross section of the steel arch frame 12 along the radial direction of the tunnel model 7 is a rectangle with the side length being 0.1 time of the diameter of the tunnel, each side of the rectangle and each diagonal line are formed by welding thin steel bars, the distance between the adjacent steel arch frames is 0.4 times of the diameter of the tunnel, 8 thin steel bar pull rods 11 are uniformly welded along the periphery of the steel arch frames between the two adjacent steel arch frames for longitudinal connection, and the detailed structure of the steel arch frame 12 is shown in fig. 5.
In order to construct the tunnel model 7 in the model groove 1, generally, openings are arranged on two side panels of the model groove 1, a soil sample 3 is filled in the model groove 1 to a certain height, then the soil sample is excavated through the openings on the glass panels 2 at two sides, and the construction simulation of a tunnel penetrating through a road under shallow-buried and subsurface excavation is carried out.
The construction sequence is that a step-by-step excavation method is adopted for construction simulation, after one footage is excavated, a reinforcing mesh 10 is laid on the inner surface of a tunnel model 7, cement mortar simulation concrete lining 13 with the thickness of 0.05 times of the diameter of the tunnel is immediately and uniformly coated, a steel arch frame 12 with a net structure is installed, a pressure box 8 and an acceleration sensor 9 are installed at corresponding measuring points on the steel arch frame, finally, the cement mortar simulation concrete lining 13 with the thickness of 0.2 times of the diameter of the tunnel is uniformly coated, a L VDT displacement sensor 6 is installed at the corresponding measuring points on the inner surface of the tunnel model 7, and the construction simulation of the next footage is carried out after the construction simulation is completed.
After the construction simulation is completed, the servo loading device 4 is installed at the center of the top surface of the soil sample 3, simple harmonic loads with different frequencies and sizes are set in different test groups, a large amount of detailed monitoring data are obtained, ground surface settlement rules and surrounding rock disturbance rules can be obtained under different traffic load working conditions through comparative analysis of the data, and then primary support reinforcement parameters are optimized, and design and construction guidance are achieved.
The reasonability and the applicability of the method are verified by an example of a shallow-buried underground excavation section of a water delivery line of a second water source thousand island lake water distribution project in Hangzhou city, and the ground surface settlement rule and the surrounding rock disturbance rule obtained by simulation of the method are compared with a result obtained by numerical analysis, so that the error is found to be small.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. It is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A stratum deformation test system for a shallow-buried underground excavation tunnel under an operation highway is characterized by comprising a highway tunnel simulation system, a traffic load simulation system and a monitoring system;
the road tunnel simulation system comprises a mold groove (1) and a tunnel model (7), wherein the tunnel model (7) is arranged in the mold groove (1), and a soil sample (3) is filled in the residual space inside the mold groove (1); the tunnel model (7) is a cylindrical model formed by a reinforcing mesh (10) and a concrete lining (13), a plurality of network steel arch frames (12) which are arranged along the axial direction are arranged in the concrete lining (13), and the adjacent network steel arch frames (12) are connected through a reinforcing steel bar pull rod (11);
the section of each network steel arch (12) is a test surface, the arch crown and arch waists at two sides in each test surface are respectively provided with an L VDT displacement sensor (6), a pressure box (8) and an acceleration sensor (9) which are radially arranged along a tunnel model (7), the L VDT displacement sensor (6) is arranged on the inner wall of a concrete lining (13), and the pressure box (8) and the acceleration sensor (9) are both embedded in the concrete lining (13) and are positioned on the inner side of the network steel arch (12);
the top surface of the soil sample (3) is provided with a servo loading device (4) and a plurality of L VDT displacement sensors (6), wherein the L VDT displacement sensors (6) are divided into two rows and symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the tunnel model (7), and the servo loading device (4) is positioned in the middle of the top surface of the soil sample (3) and used for applying simple harmonic load combinations with different frequencies and sizes on the top surface of the soil sample (3);
the servo loading device (4) forms the traffic load simulation system, and the L VDT displacement sensor (6), the pressure box (8) and the acceleration sensor (9) form the monitoring system;
the stratum deformation test system adopts a step-by-step excavation method to carry out construction simulation, after an entrance ruler is excavated, a reinforcing mesh (10) is laid on the inner surface of a tunnel model (7), cement mortar simulation concrete lining (13) with the thickness of 0.05 times of the tunnel diameter is immediately and uniformly coated, a steel arch (12) is installed, a pressure box (8) and an acceleration sensor (9) are installed at corresponding measuring points on the steel arch (12), finally, cement mortar simulation concrete lining (13) with the thickness of 0.2 times of the tunnel diameter is uniformly coated, a L VDT displacement sensor (6) is installed at corresponding measuring points on the inner surface of the tunnel model (7), after the construction simulation is completed, a servo loading device (4) is installed at the center of the top surface of a soil sample (3), simple harmonic loads with different frequencies and sizes are set in different test groups, and a large amount of detailed monitoring data are obtained.
2. The formation deformation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the net steel arch (12) along the radial direction of the tunnel model (7) is a rectangle with the side length being 0.1 times of the tunnel diameter, the distance between the adjacent net steel arches (12) is 0.4 times of the tunnel diameter, and between the two adjacent net steel arches (12), the thin steel bar pull rods (11) are evenly welded (8) along the periphery of the net steel arch (12) for longitudinal connection and reinforcement.
3. A formation deformation test system according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacing between the lattice steel arch (12) and the reinforcing mesh (10) is 0.05 times the tunnel diameter, and the thickness of the concrete lining (13) inside the lattice steel arch (12) is 0.2 times the tunnel diameter.
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| CN110005467B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-06-04 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Tunnel face monitoring and optimal design method |
| CN110081845B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-05-08 | 福州大学 | Device for monitoring warping shape of three-dimensional comprehensive plate of cement pavement in early age and implementation method |
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| WO2016036943A1 (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | Hubbell Incorporated | Hybrid utility cover |
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| CN103076128A (en) * | 2013-01-04 | 2013-05-01 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel three-dimensional stress field simulator |
| CN103616287A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-05 | 湖南大学 | Laboratory model testing device for tunnel excavation |
| CN103822794A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-05-28 | 山东大学 | Testing system and method for supporting model of large arch flexibly and uniformly loaded tunnel |
| CN104833537A (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2015-08-12 | 北京交通大学 | Similarity model test apparatus for simulating tunnel construction |
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