CN103616287B - A kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616287B CN103616287B CN201310616750.7A CN201310616750A CN103616287B CN 103616287 B CN103616287 B CN 103616287B CN 201310616750 A CN201310616750 A CN 201310616750A CN 103616287 B CN103616287 B CN 103616287B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model, charger and excavating device, described model casing is made up of geosyncline and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is fixed on the one side of ground channel opening by groove, is filled with model test filler in described model casing; Described tunnel structural model adopts rosin material to build according to ratio of similitude size according to actual tunnel cross section and forms, and is arranged at the middle part of model casing; Described charger, primarily of reaction beam, steel plate and hydraulic jack composition, is arranged at the top of model casing; Described excavating device is primarily of heating wire, wire and power switch composition, and heating wire is arranged in tunnel structural model.The present invention conveniently carries out the tunnel excavation process simulation of shape and size, excavation border and pre-designed geometrical boundary can well coincide, tunnel excavation and the Practical Project of simulation meet more, and structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, cost is low, easy to utilize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Tunnel Engineering technical field in ground and underground works, be specifically related to a kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device.
Background technology
In recent years, develop on a large scale along with highway in China and extend to mountain area, the shared in the line ratio in tunnel is more and more higher, problem in constructing tunnel process is also more and more protruded, and utilizes the physical experiments based on similarity theory to be a kind of important means of current research and analysis constructing tunnel problem.Current constructing tunnel model test is carried out mainly through two kinds of methods: the first is by the overload i.e. method of " first punching, rear loading ", and it two is first load, and then adopts artificial mode to draw excavator body according to the geometrical boundary designed.Method one test operation is convenient, but the true force-bearing situation of tunnel surrounding can not be reflected, the true force-bearing situation of method two energy simulation tunnel, but draw excavator body with instrument and easily cause caving in of the tunneling periphery soil body, cause excavation border not conform to pre-designed geometrical boundary.On the other hand, owing to operating inconvenience, existing model test have ignored the effect of preliminary bracing substantially, and this has run counter to the New Austrian Tunneling Method design concept adopted in Practical Project, and the test figure gathered like this lacks scientific and accuracy.For this reason, in the urgent need to a kind of can truly, the scientifically test method of simulation tunnel excavation and equipment, for the construction of Tunnel Engineering and Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock provide reliable foundation.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of accuracy good, structure is simple, easy to operate, for the construction of Tunnel Engineering and Stability Analysis of The Surrounding Rock provide the tunnel excavation indoor model test device of reliable foundation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model, charger and excavating device, described model casing is made up of geosyncline and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate, geosyncline one side is provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove, and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is fixed on the one side of ground channel opening by groove, is filled with model test filler in described model casing;
Described tunnel structural model to be built according to ratio of similitude size according to actual tunnel cross section and is formed, and described tunnel structural model is arranged at the middle part of model casing, and described tunnel structural model adopts rosin material to make;
Described charger forms primarily of reaction beam, steel plate and hydraulic jack, be arranged at the top of model casing, described reaction beam is fixed on geosyncline top by anchor bolt, and steel plate is arranged at model test filler top, and hydraulic jack is arranged between reaction beam and steel plate;
Described excavating device is primarily of heating wire, wire and power switch composition, and heating wire is arranged in tunnel structural model, and power switch to be connected on wire and to be arranged at outside model casing.
Described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate is colourless transparent glass.
A hole slightly larger than tunnel cross section is provided with in the middle part of described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate.
Described model test filler, primarily of earth material and building stones composition, simulates the tunnel surrounding of different brackets by the match ratio adjusting earth material and building stones.
Described heating wire is woven into diameter and is less than the annulus spaced set of tunnel structural model in tunnel structural model.
Described geosyncline side is provided with wire guide, and heating wire is connected with power switch by wire guide by wire.
Described heating wire adopts nickel chromium to make.
Described reaction beam adopts joist steel to process.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, because tunnel structural model in the present invention utilizes fusing point low, the rosin that after cooling, intensity is high is built and is formed, so adopt the present invention conveniently can carry out the tunnel excavation process simulation of shape and size.
2, tunnel structural model is prepended among tunnel model case in loading, this is consistent with tunnel actual loading situation, the excavation in tunnel is melted by electric-heating-wire-heating to simulate, avoid the impact of excavation vibration on periphery filler, excavation border and pre-designed geometrical boundary can well be coincide.
3, in simulation of excavation process, the heating and melting of rosin adheres to the thin rosin of one deck by making the filler of tunnel perimeter, this layer of rosin can simulate the concrete spraying support after actual tunnel excavation, and this makes model test closer to the New Austrian Tunneling Method design concept in Practical Project.
4, tunnel excavation and the Practical Project of the present invention's simulation meet more, and well, structure is simple, easy to operate, cost is low, easy to utilize for accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is tunnel structural model schematic diagram of the present invention;
In figure: 1, geosyncline; 2, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate; 3, model test filler; 4, tunnel structural model; 5, reaction beam; 6, steel plate; 7, hydraulic jack; 8, heating wire; 9, wire; 10, power switch; 11, groove; 12, hole; 13, wire guide; 14, anchor bolt.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is further illustrated by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model 4, charger and excavating device, described model casing is made up of geosyncline 1 and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2, geosyncline 1 one side is provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 is fixed on the one side of geosyncline 1 opening by groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 thickness is 10 ~ 15mm, and water white transparency, in the middle part of poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2, be provided with a hole 12 slightly larger than tunnel cross section, be convenient to real-time change and the misalignment of observing filler around tunnel structural model.
Model test filler 3 is filled with in described model casing, described model test filler 3 is primarily of earth material and building stones composition, simulated the tunnel surrounding of different brackets by the match ratio adjusting earth material and building stones, in the compound of earth material and building stones, the content of building stones is 10% ~ 70%.
Described excavating device forms primarily of heating wire 8, wire 9 and power switch 10, described heating wire 8 is woven into diameter and is less than the annulus spaced set of tunnel structural model 4 in tunnel structural model 4, and power switch 10 to be connected on wire 9 and to be arranged at outside model casing; Described heating wire 8 adopts nickel chromium to make.
Described tunnel structural model 4 adopts rosin material to build according to ratio of similitude size 1:50 ~ 1:80 according to actual tunnel cross section and forms, placement in layers earth material and building stones in model casing are also tamped, model test filler 3 design height is 1.5 ~ 2m, when construction is to a half of model test filler 3 design height, tunnel structural model 4 is put in the middle part of model test filler 3, and with the wire guide 13 of wire 9 by geosyncline 1 side, heating wire 8 is connected with power switch 10, form a closed circuit; Then remaining earth material and building stones are filled by identical construction method.
Described charger forms primarily of reaction beam 5, steel plate 6 and hydraulic jack 7, be arranged at the top of model casing, described reaction beam 5 is processed by the width (1 ~ 1.2m) of joist steel with reference to geosyncline 1, two reaction beams 5 are fixed on geosyncline 1 top by anchor bolt 14, thickness is that the steel plate 6 of 12 ~ 14mm is arranged at model test filler 3 top, and hydraulic jack 7 is arranged between reaction beam 5 and steel plate 6;
Concrete test procedure is as follows:
1, first with reference to design tunnel structure cross dimensions, diameter and the model box size of tunnel structural model 4 is determined by ratio of similitude size 1:50 ~ 1:80, then geosyncline 1 is built by laying bricks or stones, and by groove 11, poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2 is fixed on the opening side of geosyncline 1, by anchor bolt 14, reaction beam 5 is fixed on the top of geosyncline 1;
2, utilize rosin to build out tunnel structural model 4 according to 1:50 ~ 1:80 according to the shape in tunneling cross section and size, before building, heating wire 8 is woven into diameter and is less than the annulus of tunnel structural model 4 and is equidistantly placed in tunnel structural model 4;
3, model test filler 3 layering is inserted in model casing device, model test filler 3 is made up of earth material and building stones, wherein the content of building stones quality is 10% ~ 70%, every layer is filled 15 ~ 20cm, utilize ramming machine compacting, when constructing to half (0.75 ~ 1m) of filler design height (1.5 ~ 2m), the tunnel structural model 4 of building in advance is positioned in the middle of filler, and with wire 9 by heating wire 8 and power switch 10 being connected after wire guide 13, then continue to fill model test filler 3 to design height, and by foil gauge, pressure cell and displacement transducer are embedded in tunnel structural model 4 around,
4, steel plate 6 is placed on the top of model test filler 3, arranges hydraulic jack 7 between steel plate 6 and reaction frame 5, lifting hydraulic jack 7 makes it pressurize to the model test filler 3 in model casing, when being loaded on design pressure 50 ~ 100 kPas, stops pressurization;
5, be connected often organizing wire with laboratory power supply, switch on power switch 10 successively, and heating wire 8 generates heat rapidly, tunnel structural model 4 melted gradually from outer toward interior, thus the digging process of simulation tunnel;
6, tunnel structural model 4 is observed to melt the situation of change of native stone mixed fillers in rear model through poly (methyl methacrylate) plate 2, and be described in detail and record, by foil gauge, pressure cell and displacement transducer test stress and misalignment, and analyze stability and the secondary supporting best opportunity of tunnel surrounding, test complete.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and instructions just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a tunnel excavation indoor model test device, comprise model casing, tunnel structural model (4), charger and excavating device, it is characterized in that: described model casing is made up of geosyncline (1) and poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2), geosyncline (1) one side is provided with opening, the two ends of opening are provided with groove (11), poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) is fixed on the one side of geosyncline (1) opening by groove (11), is filled with model test filler (3) in described model casing;
Described tunnel structural model (4) to be built according to ratio of similitude size according to actual tunnel cross section and is formed, described tunnel structural model (4) is arranged at the middle part of model casing, and described tunnel structural model (4) adopts rosin material to make;
Described charger forms primarily of reaction beam (5), steel plate (6) and hydraulic jack (7), be arranged at the top of model casing, described reaction beam (5) is fixed on geosyncline (1) top by anchor bolt (14), steel plate (6) is arranged at model test filler (3) top, and hydraulic jack (7) is arranged between reaction beam (5) and steel plate (6);
Described excavating device forms primarily of heating wire (8), wire (9) and power switch (10), heating wire (8) is arranged in tunnel structural model (4), and power switch (10) is connected on wire (9) and goes up and be arranged at outside model casing.
2. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) is colourless transparent glass.
3. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described poly (methyl methacrylate) plate (2) middle part is provided with a hole (12) slightly larger than tunnel cross section.
4. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described model test filler (3), primarily of earth material and building stones composition, simulates the tunnel surrounding of different brackets by the match ratio adjusting earth material and building stones.
5. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating wire (8) is woven into diameter and is less than the annulus spaced set of tunnel structural model (4) in tunnel structural model (4).
6. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described geosyncline (1) side is provided with wire guide (13), heating wire (8) is connected with power switch (10) by wire guide (13) by wire (9).
7. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating wire (8) adopts nickel chromium to make.
8. tunnel excavation indoor model test device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described reaction beam (5) adopts joist steel to process.
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| CN201310616750.7A CN103616287B (en) | 2013-11-28 | 2013-11-28 | A kind of tunnel excavation indoor model test device |
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