CN108333049A - A kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method - Google Patents
A kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108333049A CN108333049A CN201810426302.3A CN201810426302A CN108333049A CN 108333049 A CN108333049 A CN 108333049A CN 201810426302 A CN201810426302 A CN 201810426302A CN 108333049 A CN108333049 A CN 108333049A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004018 waxing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000965 Duroplast Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013267 Pinus ponderosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000555277 Pinus ponderosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000907663 Siproeta stelenes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to subterranean body construction test field, specifically a kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method.The model of the present invention includes country rock simulated block, through the gib mechanism for being opened in country rock and simulating chamber in the block simulation chamber and being arranged in chamber simulates chamber, gib mechanism includes rigid carrier pipe corresponding with chamber simulation chamber shape, paraffin layer is equipped on the outer wall of rigid carrier pipe, for paraffin melting layer being simulated the heating wire of adit digging unloading and multiple de-waxing holes for being directed into the paraffin after melting in rigidity carrying tube cavity.The present invention can solve the disadvantage that correctly reflect adit digging and stress loading sequence in the prior art, to allow experimental model to reflect the burst region and range of true surrounding rock of chamber, and then provide accurate reference to the construction of practical adit digging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to subterranean body construction test field, specifically a kind of buried chamber first loads the examination excavated afterwards
Test model and test method.
Background technology
With the fast development of traffic engineering, mining engineering, unit in charge of construction needs to have built largely in mountain area and underground
Chamber space.But since underground engineering environment is complicated, the excavation of chamber easily causes the deterioration of peripheral rock, and country rock pine occurs
Phenomena such as dynamic, rupture and dropstone, it can occur to cave on a large scale when serious, jeopardize building and using for underground engineering.Using mould
Type experiment method, by simulate adit digging with predict country rock bursting form and range be a kind of feasible method.
When underground chamber excavates, edge stress gradually unloads, and country rock generates radial or circumferential rupture zone, burst region
Size and form determine the intensity and mode of underground chamber supporting.Many scholars attempt to obtain by way of model test
The range that surrounding rock of chamber destroys, due to the limitation of experimental condition, they mostly use greatly the mode of " first punch, load afterwards ", but should
There is the shortcomings that cannot correctly reflecting adit digging and stress loading sequence in method, and cause experimental model that cannot reflect true cave
The burst region and range of room country rock can not provide practice of construction accurate reference.
Invention content
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method, it is existing to solve
The shortcomings that cannot correctly reflecting adit digging and stress loading sequence in technology, to allow experimental model to reflect true chamber
The burst region and range of country rock, and then provide accurate reference to the construction of practical adit digging.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of buried chamber first loads to be excavated afterwards
Test model, including country rock simulated block, simulate chamber in the block simulation chamber and be arranged in chamber mould through being opened in country rock
Gib mechanism in quasi- chamber, gib mechanism includes rigid carrier pipe corresponding with chamber simulation chamber shape, rigid
Property carrier pipe outer wall be equipped with paraffin layer, for by paraffin melting layer with simulate adit digging unloading heating wire and be used for
Paraffin after thawing is directed into multiple de-waxing holes in rigidity carrying tube cavity.
Preferably, in the shape of a spiral on the outer wall for being located at rigid carrier pipe, the both ends of heating wire are respectively provided with heating wire respectively
Outside country rock simulated block, power supply and the switch for controlling heating wire energization are connected between the both ends of heating wire.
Preferably, the quantity of heating wire is more, and the both ends of any one heating wire are equipped with the heating wire in rigidity
The corresponding mark of distributing position in carrier pipe.
Preferably, rigid carrier pipe is made of non-conductive polyethylene duroplasts material.
Preferably, country rock simulated block is cuboid, and chamber is simulated chamber and is distributed along the length or width direction of country rock simulated block.
Preferably, chamber simulation chamber in such a way that gib mechanism and country rock simulated block are using layering building one at
Type.
A kind of buried chamber first loads the test method excavated afterwards, includes the following steps：
1）, first the shape preformed rigid carrier pipe of chamber is excavated according to test intended, and be spaced on the tube wall of rigid carrier pipe
Multiple de-waxing holes are opened up, then heating wire is set on the outer wall of rigid carrier pipe in a manner of coiled coil, are finally held rigidly
It carries and uniformly pours paraffin layer on the outer wall of pipe, obtain gib mechanism；
2）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, will be added after husky and cement uniform stirring
Water simultaneously is again stirring for that mixture uniformly is made；
3）, first by the die horizontal of open top place, take part steps 2）In obtained mix layered be backfilled to mold
Bottom is simultaneously tamped, then by step 1）In gib mechanism obtained be placed in mold and positioned at compacting layer on, will be interim
The end of heating wire in supporting mechanism is placed on other than mold, takes remainder step 2）In mix layered backfill obtained
To in grinding tool and tamping, finally by mold plastic sealing pack, after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulding sampling obtains buried chamber
First load the test model excavated afterwards；
4）, by step 3）In buried chamber obtained first load the test model that excavates afterwards and be mounted on special three-dimensional loading equipemtn
On, six faces for first loading the test model excavated afterwards to buried chamber by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn carry out uniformly
External load, until reach specify load after stop external load and steady load；
5）, according to experiment adit digging sequence, successively to the electric heating wire electrified regulation being arranged in rigid carrier pipe, make rigidity
Paraffin layer segmentation in carrier pipe is melted and is flowed into rigid support tube by de-waxing hole, is realized by the thawing of paraffin layer interim
Supporting mechanism simulates chamber the unloading of cavity wall, to simulate adit digging process；
6）, buried chamber first loaded to the test model excavated afterwards removed from special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, by temporary support machine
Structure is simulated in chamber from chamber and is dug out, and country rock simulated block is broken to and recorded the destroyed area and range of country rock simulated block.
Advantageous effect
The present invention utilize paraffin electrified regulation after rapid melting the characteristics of, realize three received strength condition drag chamber excavation,
Have many advantages, such as that speed of application is fast, safe, easy to operate；It, can be to test model in three directions when experiment
It loads simultaneously, also can independently adjust the size that three directions are further applied load, realize that surrounding rock of chamber is broken under different surrounding rock stress condition
Bad experimental study.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the three load stress diagrams of the country rock simulated block of the present invention during the test；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the gib mechanism part of the present invention；
It is marked in figure：1, country rock simulated block, 2, gib mechanism, 201, heating wire, 202, power supply, 203, switch, 204, row
Wax hole, 205, paraffin layer, 206, rigid carrier pipe, 3, chamber simulate chamber.
Specific implementation mode
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a kind of buried chamber of the invention first loads the test model excavated afterwards, including country rock mould
Quasi- block 1, the interim branch simulated chamber 207 through the chamber being opened in country rock simulated block 1 and be arranged in chamber simulates chamber 207
Protect mechanism 2.
The shape of country rock simulated block 1 is cuboid, and chamber simulates length or width direction of the chamber 207 along country rock simulated block 1
Distribution, country rock simulated block 1 are made up using husky, cement and the mixed uniformly mixture of water of building, husky, cement and water
Mass ratio is 8-12:2.5:1, when be modeled rock mass strength it is big when, husky accounting gets the small value, otherwise take large values.
Gib mechanism 2 includes rigid carrier pipe 206 corresponding with chamber simulation 207 shape of chamber, in rigid carrying
The outer wall of pipe 206 be equipped with paraffin layer 205, for by paraffin layer 205 melt with simulate adit digging unloading heating wire 201 with
And for the paraffin after melting to be directed into multiple de-waxing holes 204 in 206 inner cavity of rigid carrier pipe.It is logical that chamber simulates chamber 207
It crosses gib mechanism 2 to be integrally formed by the way of being layered building with country rock simulated block 1, with right by gib mechanism 2
The inner wall that chamber simulates chamber 207 loads support force, and the wherein paraffin layer 205 in gib mechanism 2 is equal by the way of pouring
It is even to be covered on the outer surface of rigid carrier pipe 206, it is powered to heating up by heating wire 201 and melts paraffin layer 205, the stone of thawing
The mode that wax in-line arrangement wax hole 204 flows into rigid carrier pipe 206 realizes the unloading for chamber inner wall support force of gib mechanism 2
It carries, achievees the effect that simulate adit digging process.
Rigid carrier pipe 206 in the present embodiment is made of non-conductive polyethylene duroplasts material.Heating wire 201 counts
Amount is more, and more heating wire 201 are respectively in the shape of a spiral on the outer wall for being located at rigid carrier pipe 206, any one heating wire
201 both ends are arranged in the form of enameled wire outside country rock simulated block 1 respectively, and electricity is connected between the both ends of heating wire 201
Source 202 and the switch 203 being powered for controlling heating wire 201.The both ends of any one heating wire 201 are equipped with and the electric heating
Distributing position corresponding mark of the silk 201 in rigid carrier pipe 206 in practical operation, can support rigid according to more resistance wires
Property carrier pipe 206 on distributing position set mark to the colors such as red orange red malachite royal purple, can also make number plate mark 1,2,
3, the numbers such as 4,5.
A kind of buried chamber of the present invention first loads the test method excavated afterwards, includes the following steps：
1）, first the shape preformed rigid carrier pipe 206 of chamber is excavated according to test intended, and in the tube wall of rigid carrier pipe 206
On open up multiple de-waxing holes 204 in a manner of embarking on journey in column, de-waxing hole 204 may be configured as taper, and small end is carried towards rigidity
The center of pipe 206 carries out guiding role appropriate to enter in rigid carrier pipe 206 to the paraffin layer 205 after thawing；Then
Heating wire 201 is set on the outer wall of rigid carrier pipe 206 in a manner of coiled coil, and ensure it is each pound heating wire 201 mutually not
Contact draws at the both ends of each heating wire 201 with the insulating forms of enameled wire；Finally in the outer wall of rigid carrier pipe 206
On uniformly pour paraffin layer 205, obtain gib mechanism 2；
2）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, first passes through blender and stirs husky and cement
It mixes uniformly, water is then added into husky and cement and is again stirring for support mixture and is spare；
3）, the die horizontal of open top placed.Mold in the present embodiment is spelled using No. 45 steel plates of high intensity by bolt
Support is connect, mold includes bottom plate, front side board, back side panel, left plate and right plate, in bottom plate, front side board, back side panel, left side
Plate and the corresponding link position of right plate are respectively equipped with flange and bolt hole.In splicing, bottom plate is placed on level
On ground, installation left side side plate, and screw the connection bolt between side plate and bottom plate；Then, front and back side plate is installed respectively, is screwed
Connection bolt between front and back side plate and left side side plate and bottom plate；Finally, installation right side side plate, and be allowed to and front and back side plate and bottom
Plate securely connects.
After the completion of mold splices, part steps 2 are taken first）In obtained mix layered be backfilled to mold bottom and ram
Real, backfill amount is roughly equivalent to the half of mold height；Then by step 1）In gib mechanism 2 obtained be placed on mold
In and positioned at compacting layer on, the end of the heating wire 201 in gib mechanism 2 is placed on other than mold, to avoid electric heating
The both ends of silk 201, with country rock simulated block 1, take remainder step 2 by envelope）In obtained mix layered be backfilled in grinding tool
And tamp, finally by mold plastic sealing pack, after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulding sampling obtains after buried chamber first loads
The test model of excavation；
4）, by step 3）In buried chamber obtained first load the test model that excavates afterwards and be mounted on special three-dimensional loading equipemtn
On, six faces for first loading the test model excavated afterwards to buried chamber by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn carry out uniformly
External load, until reach specify load after stop external load and steady load；
5）, according to experiment adit digging sequence, successively to the electric heating wire electrified regulation being arranged in rigid carrier pipe 206, make
The segmentation of paraffin layer 205 in rigid carrier pipe 206 is melted and is flowed into rigid support tube by de-waxing hole 204, and paraffin layer is passed through
205 thawing realizes that chamber is simulated the unloading of 207 inner wall of chamber by gib mechanism 2, to simulate adit digging process.
6）, after adit digging simulation process, buried chamber is first loaded to the test model that excavates afterwards from special three
It is removed on loading equipemtn, gib mechanism 2 is slowly simulated from chamber in chamber 207 and is dug out, finally by country rock simulated block 1
It is broken and is cleared up by receipt and hairbrush, applied by the destroyed area and ranging from buried chamber that record country rock simulated block 1
Supporting in work provides reference frame.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Including country rock simulated block（1）, through opening
It is located at country rock simulated block（1）In chamber simulate chamber（3）And setting simulates chamber in chamber（3）In gib mechanism（2）,
Gib mechanism（2）Including simulating chamber with chamber（3）The corresponding rigid carrier pipe of shape（206）, in rigid carrier pipe
（206）Outer wall be equipped with paraffin layer（205）, for by paraffin layer（205）Melt to simulate the heating wire of adit digging unloading
（201）And for the paraffin after melting to be directed into rigid carrier pipe（206）Multiple de-waxing holes in inner cavity（204）.
2. a kind of buried chamber according to claim 1 first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Heating wire
（201）In the shape of a spiral around being located at rigid carrier pipe（206）Outer wall on, heating wire（201）Both ends be arranged at country rock respectively
Simulated block（1）Outside, heating wire（201）Both ends between be connected with power supply（202）And for controlling heating wire（201）It is powered
Switch（203）.
3. a kind of buried chamber according to claim 2 first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Heating wire
（201）Quantity be more, any one heating wire（201）Both ends be equipped with and the heating wire（201）In rigid carrier pipe
（206）On the corresponding mark of distributing position.
4. a kind of buried chamber according to claim 2 first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Rigid carrier pipe
（206）It is made of non-conductive polyethylene duroplasts material.
5. a kind of buried chamber according to claim 1 first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Country rock mould
Quasi- block（1）For cuboid, chamber simulates chamber（3）Along country rock simulated block（1）Length or width direction distribution.
6. a kind of buried chamber according to claim 1 first loads the test model excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Chamber mould
Quasi- chamber（3）Pass through gib mechanism（2）With country rock simulated block（1）It is integrally formed by the way of being layered building.
7. a kind of buried chamber of test model progress excavated afterwards that first loaded by buried chamber described in claim 1 first loads
The test method excavated afterwards, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
1）, first according to test intended excavate chamber shape preformed rigid carrier pipe（206）, and in rigid carrier pipe（206）'s
Interval opens up multiple de-waxing holes on tube wall（204）, then in rigid carrier pipe（206）Outer wall on be arranged in a manner of coiled coil
Heating wire（201）, finally in rigid carrier pipe（206）Outer wall on uniformly pour paraffin layer（205）, obtain temporary support machine
Structure（2）；
2）, according to 8-12:2.5:1 mass ratio weighs husky, cement and water respectively, will be added after husky and cement uniform stirring
Water simultaneously is again stirring for that mixture uniformly is made；
3）, first by the die horizontal of open top place, take part steps 2）In obtained mix layered be backfilled to mold
Bottom is simultaneously tamped, then by step 1）In gib mechanism obtained（2）It places in a mold and on compacting layer, will face
When supporting mechanism（2）On heating wire（201）End be placed on other than mold, take remainder step 2）In mixing obtained
It in material back-filling in layers to grinding tool and tamps, finally by mold plastic sealing pack, after after 26-30 days curing periods, demoulding sampling is made
It obtains buried chamber and first loads the test model excavated afterwards；
4）, by step 3）In buried chamber obtained first load the test model that excavates afterwards and be mounted on special three-dimensional loading equipemtn
On, six faces for first loading the test model excavated afterwards to buried chamber by the pressure head of special three-dimensional loading equipemtn carry out uniformly
External load, until reach specify load after stop external load and steady load；
5）, according to experiment adit digging sequence, successively to be arranged in rigid carrier pipe（206）On electric heating wire electrified regulation,
Make rigid carrier pipe（206）On paraffin layer（205）Segmentation melts and passes through de-waxing hole（204）It flows into rigid support tube, leads to
Cross paraffin layer（205）Thawing realize gib mechanism（2）Chamber is simulated to chamber（3）The unloading of inner wall is opened with simulating chamber
Digging process；
6）, buried chamber first loaded to the test model excavated afterwards removed from special three-dimensional loading equipemtn, by temporary support machine
Structure（2）Chamber is simulated from chamber（3）In dig out, by country rock simulated block（1）It breaks and records country rock simulated block（1）Destroyed area and
Range.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810426302.3A CN108333049B (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Test model and test method for loading and then excavating deep underground chamber |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810426302.3A CN108333049B (en) | 2018-05-07 | 2018-05-07 | Test model and test method for loading and then excavating deep underground chamber |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108333049A true CN108333049A (en) | 2018-07-27 |
| CN108333049B CN108333049B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108918254A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-30 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Simulate the experimental rig and method of Shield-bored tunnels section of jurisdiction primary stress |
| CN109269907A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 中南大学 | A kind of rock mass inner excavation unloading model experimental provision and its application method |
| CN110275008A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-24 | 同济大学 | A kind of contactless tunnel excavation physical model and test method of analog rainfall |
| CN114047078A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-15 | 中南大学 | Dynamic excavation unloading test device and test method under true three-dimensional stress state |
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| CN108918254A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-30 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Simulate the experimental rig and method of Shield-bored tunnels section of jurisdiction primary stress |
| CN109269907A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-01-25 | 中南大学 | A kind of rock mass inner excavation unloading model experimental provision and its application method |
| CN110275008A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-24 | 同济大学 | A kind of contactless tunnel excavation physical model and test method of analog rainfall |
| CN110275008B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2021-03-26 | 同济大学 | Non-contact tunnel excavation physical model capable of simulating rainfall and test method |
| CN114047078A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2022-02-15 | 中南大学 | Dynamic excavation unloading test device and test method under true three-dimensional stress state |
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