CN106996903A - A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst Download PDFInfo
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- CN106996903A CN106996903A CN201710322478.XA CN201710322478A CN106996903A CN 106996903 A CN106996903 A CN 106996903A CN 201710322478 A CN201710322478 A CN 201710322478A CN 106996903 A CN106996903 A CN 106996903A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/313—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by explosives
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/0202—Control of the test
- G01N2203/0208—Specific programs of loading, e.g. incremental loading or pre-loading
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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Abstract
A kind of experimental rig and method for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst, including spring-loaded device, test stand, test model and restraint device, the central excavation of test model has the chamber model in definite shape, restraint device is made up of U-shaped restraining plate and two plates, test model is placed in restraint device, and slip casting medium is filled between test model and restraint device；Restraint device is placed in test stand bottom, weighted platform is provided with the top of restraint device, jack is provided with the top of test stand, spring-loaded device is located between weighted platform and jack, spring-loaded device includes spring and the disc spring film being set on spring, each two disc spring film is oppositely arranged, and makes the elastomer that one group of each two disc spring film formation is in elliposoidal.The present invention is used as elastic adding carrier by disc spring film, when test model is loaded into certain stress condition, and one of disc spring film in certain group elastomer sends relative upset, realizes the surrouding rock stress unloading of test model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the research of rock burst pests occurrence rule, and in particular to a kind of experiment dress for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst
Put and method.
Background technology
Rock burst is power destruction phenomenon common during deep-buried underground engineering is constructed, when the high elastic strain energy built up in rock mass
During the energy consumed more than the rock failure mechanism of rock, the phenomenon for causing rock to burst and eject, be often accompanied by rock mass dish out, loud noise and
The phenomenons such as blast.The problems such as rock burst often results in heavy damage, device damage and the casualties of excavated surface, it has also become rock
The global problem of stone underground engineering and rock mechanics field.
The reason for occurring for rock burst, universal viewpoint is as follows：（1）, store very big strain energy, and the portion in rock mass
Energy is divided to exceed the intensity of rock itself；（2）, country rock for fresh complete, crack is few or only hidden crack, and with higher
Fragility and elasticity solid rock；（3）, buried depth is big, underground water is few, easily occur to cause local stress collection in excavated section change
In area.It should be pointed out that the first two condition is the natural conditions of underground engineering, the 3rd condition is underground engineering construction
Caused stress unloading and redistribution.Above-mentioned condition is summarized, is found when underground engineering is in hard rock-high stress-unloading（Or disturb
It is dynamic）When, the probability that rock burst occurs can increased dramatically.
In order to simulate the generation of rock burst, the rule that rock burst is produced and developed is explored, lot of domestic and international scholar have developed various
Geomechanics model test system.For elastic energy supplement in conventional spring-loaded system and oil-gas Combined Loading system not
The phenomenon of foot, the patent of invention of Application No. 201310425911.4 discloses the simple simulation experiment system of deep-lying tunnel rock burst,
The system is loaded by the resilience of reaction frame leading screw, overcomes the shortcoming of the above method；The hair of Application No. 201310336255.0
Bright patent, the shortcoming of rock burst real border condition can not be simulated for conventional pilot system, it is proposed that true triaxial rockburst physics mould
Intend pilot system.The development and improvement of the said equipment, promote the research of Rockburst Problem.But the above method exist one it is common
Shortcoming, it is impossible to the fast discharging of surrouding rock stress before real simulation rock burst occurs.Rock burst is broken as a kind of violent rock power
Bad phenomenon, the development blasting of adjacent chamber easily induces the generation of rock burst, therefore, and rock burst occurs when developing a kind of " Condition of Sudden Unloading "
Simulation test device is necessary.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of experimental rig and method for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst, the device can
Surrouding rock stress fast discharging when true simulation rock burst occurs.
The technical scheme that is used to achieve the above object of the present invention for：A kind of experiment for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst
Device, the device includes spring-loaded device, test stand, test model and restraint device, and the central excavation of test model has
In the chamber model of definite shape, described restraint device by U-shaped restraining plate and be connected to U-shaped restraining plate it is relative two it is exposed
Two plates composition at end, test model is placed in restraint device, and is filled between test model and the inwall of restraint device
Slip casting medium；Described restraint device is placed in test stand bottom, and the top of restraint device, which is provided with the top of weighted platform, test stand, to be set
There is the jack being correspondingly arranged with weighted platform, spring-loaded device is located between weighted platform and jack, described elasticity
Loading device includes spring and the disc spring film being set on spring, and each two disc spring film is oppositely arranged, and makes each two
One group of disc spring film formation is in the elastomer of elliposoidal, when jack is pushed by spring-loaded device and weighted platform to examination
When testing model and applying pressure to a certain degree, one of disk spring sector-meeting in certain group elastomer sends relative upset, real
The surrouding rock stress unloading of existing test model.
Wherein, elastomer is at least five groups, and the center of every group of elastomer is connected with being set to the spring of tensioning state, and place
Disc spring film in the elastomer of top and bottom with the upper and lower ends of spring are corresponding respectively is fixedly connected.
In the present invention, test model is poured by gypsum and mica and formed.
Wherein, U-shaped restraining plate is by bottom plate and is connected to bottom plate and is constituted with respect to two side plates of two sides, the side of bottom plate
Edge is provided with the inserting groove for two side plates of grafting；The edge of two side plates is provided with the inserting groove for two plate connections.
Wherein, it is equipped with injected hole on U-shaped restraining plate and two plates.
Wherein, test stand includes being horizontally disposed upper cushion cap and lower cushion cap, and lower cushion cap is placed in below cushion cap, and on
Longitudinal leadscrew is connected between cushion cap and lower cushion cap, above and below upper cushion cap both sides and above and below lower cushion cap both sides longitudinal direction
Fixing bolt is mounted on leading screw.
Wherein, the disc spring film of bottom is fixed on weighted platform in spring-loaded device, the size of weighted platform
Less than the size of the cross section transverse of restraint device.
It is a kind of to utilize the above-mentioned method for being used to simulate the experimental rig of buried Tunnel Rockburst, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: making in the test model matched with restraint device interior shape, the center of test model is reserved with insertion
The chamber model of its two lateral walls, the bottom wall of chamber model and U-shaped restraining plate is be arranged in parallel, and U-shaped restraining plate and two are inserted
Plate is assembled into restraint device, is put into prefabricated test model in restraint device, and to the outer wall and restraint device of test model
Inwall between fill slip casting medium, the restraint device is placed on test stand；
Step 2: weighted platform and spring-loaded device will be placed on restraint device, spring-loaded device is pushed by jack,
After the disc spring film in spring-loaded device is overturn suddenly, the burst conditions of viewing test model.
In the present invention, in step one, test model is rotated to an angle, makes the bottom wall of chamber model and U-shaped restraining plate
It is in a certain angle, the generation for simulating rock burst under different stress directions.
In the present invention, step one replaces with removal plate, and the side wall of test model is set into certain radian, for mould
Intend the generation that difference closes on rock burst in the case of chamber.The present invention can simulate the generation of chamber group's rock burst, can also simulate different stress
The generation of rock burst under direction.
The present invention is that the essential condition that rock burst occurs for underground engineering is " prominent using the principle of spring-loaded device
So unloading ", employed in terms of high stress simulation jack and disc spring film combination loading mode, disc spring film will
While load passes to test specimen, substantial amounts of elasticity energy itself is also have accumulated, when elasticity can be accumulated to a certain extent, dish-shaped bullet
The unexpected upset of reed realizes the rock burst condition of " Condition of Sudden Unloading ".
Beneficial effect：For the generation of rock burst, common belief is that：High stress, hard rock and disturbance are rock bursts
Condition；The disc spring film that by one kind " upset suddenly " can occur for the present invention is used as elastic adding carrier, when test model quilt
When being loaded into certain stress condition, the deformation of disc spring film also reaches critical displacement, then applies after a constant load, is oppositely arranged
Overturn in a certain sector-meeting in two disc spring films of elliposoidal, the very fast unloading of spring is caused, so as to meet rock burst
The condition of generation, while the present invention according to test piece intensity, can also adjust the rigidity of disc spring film, to meet under different surrounding rock
The research of Law of rock burst.Apparatus of the present invention are simple in construction, test operation is convenient, contribute to rock burst engineering test and theoretical hair
Exhibition.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 right direction view；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of restraint device；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 top view；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for simulating rock burst under different stress directions；
Fig. 6 is disc spring film fundamental diagram.
Reference：1st, test stand, 2, U-shaped restraining plate, 20, bottom plate, 21, side plate, 3, plate, 4, chamber model, 5 plus
Carrying platform, 6, jack, 7, spring, 8, disc spring film, 9, elastomer, 10, inserting groove, 11, injected hole, 12, upper cushion cap,
13rd, lower cushion cap, 14, longitudinal leadscrew, 15, fixing bolt, 16, test model, 17, centre bore.
Embodiment
To readily appreciate the technological means of the invention realized, creation characteristic and the purpose reached, with reference to specific
Schematic diagram, is expanded on further present invention, but scope of the present invention is not limited in embodiment
Described scope.
A kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the device includes elasticity and loaded
Device, test stand 1, test model 16 and restraint device, the central excavation of test model 16 have the chamber mould in definite shape
Type 4, test stand 1 includes being horizontally disposed upper cushion cap 12 and lower cushion cap 13, and lower cushion cap 13 is placed in below cushion cap 12, and on
Longitudinal leadscrew 14 is connected between cushion cap 12 and lower cushion cap 13, about 12 both sides and positioned at lower cushion cap about 13 positioned at upper cushion cap
Fixing bolt 15 is mounted on the longitudinal leadscrew 14 of both sides.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, restraint device is by U-shaped restraining plate 2 and is connected to relative two exposed ends of U-shaped restraining plate 2
Two plates 3 constitute, test model 16 is placed in restraint device, and between test model 16 and the inwall of restraint device fill
Full slip casting medium, wherein, test model 16 is formed by gypsum and mica by pouring.On U-shaped restraining plate 2 and two plates 3
Provided with for the injected hole to slip casting inside restraint device.
The sidewall edge and the edge of the bottom of U-shaped restraining plate 2 that two of U-shaped restraining plate 2 are oppositely arranged, which are provided with, to be used to insert
The inserting groove of plugboard 3.Wherein, U-shaped restraining plate 2 is by bottom plate 20 and is connected to two side plates of the bottom plate 20 with respect to two sides
21 compositions, the edge of bottom plate 20 is provided with the inserting groove for two plates 3 of grafting；The edge of two side plates 21, which is provided with, supplies two
The inserting groove that plate 3 is connected.
In the present invention, restraint device is placed in the bottom of test stand 1, and the top of restraint device is provided with weighted platform 5, test stand 1
Top is provided with the jack 6 being correspondingly arranged with weighted platform 5, and spring-loaded device is located between weighted platform 5 and jack 6,
Described spring-loaded device includes spring 7 and the disc spring film 8 being set on spring 7.
Each two disc spring film 8 is oppositely arranged, and makes the elastomer that one group of the formation of each two disc spring film 8 is in elliposoidal
9, when jack 6, which is pushed, to be applied pressure to a certain degree to test model 16 by spring-loaded device and weighted platform 5, certain
One of disc spring film 8 in group elastomer 9 can send relative upset, realize the surrouding rock stress unloading of test model 16.
The disc spring film 8 of bottom is fixed on weighted platform 5 in spring-loaded device, and the size of weighted platform 5, which is less than about, gets one's things ready
The size for the cross section transverse put.It is preferred that, elastomer 9 is at least five groups, and the center of every group of elastomer 9 is with being set to tensioning state
Spring 7 connect, the center of disc spring film 8 is provided with the centre bore 17 for being used for being located on spring 7, and in top and bottom
Elastomer 9 in disc spring film 8 with the upper and lower ends of spring 7 are corresponding respectively is fixedly connected.
A kind of method for being used to simulate the experimental rig of buried Tunnel Rockburst, comprises the following steps：
Step 1: making in the test model 16 matched with restraint device interior shape, the center of test model 16 is reserved with
The chamber model 4 of its two lateral walls of insertion, is assembled into restraint device, in restraint device by U-shaped restraining plate 2 and two plates 3
Inside be put into prefabricated test model 16, and to test model 16 outer wall and restraint device inwall between fill slip casting medium,
The restraint device is placed on test stand 1；In the specific implementation, chamber model 4 can be in the shape such as cylindrical, square, at this
Chamber model 4 is only listed in the accompanying drawing of invention in bottom to be square, top is the shape of arcuate structure, simulation it is vertical to
Under direction stress when, the bottom wall of the bottom wall of chamber model 4 and U-shaped restraining plate 2 be arranged in parallel；
Step 2: weighted platform 5 and spring-loaded device will be placed on restraint device, filled by 6 times compression elasticity loadings of jack
Put, after the disc spring film 8 in spring-loaded device is overturn suddenly, the burst conditions of viewing test model 16.Wherein, it is dish-shaped
The switching process of spring leaf 8 is as shown in Figure 6.
In the present invention, in step one, test model 16 is rotated to an angle, makes the bottom wall of chamber model 4 and U-shaped constraint
The bottom wall of plate 2 is that the plane where bottom plate 20 is in a certain angle（See the α marked in Fig. 5）, for simulating under different stress directions
The generation of rock burst.
In the present invention, step one can also be replaced with to removal plate, the plaster cast poured is polished into certain shape
Shape, it is in certain radian to set the side wall of test model 16, as shown in figure 5, closing on rock burst in the case of chamber for simulating difference
Generation.
The present invention is unloaded suddenly using the special deformation characteristic of disc spring film when being loaded into certain condition to test model
Carry, meet the condition of rock burst generation；The present invention can also adjust disk spring rigidity according to test model intensity, so that more system
The rule that rock burst occurs is studied, the generation of chamber group's rock burst can be simulated, the generation of rock burst under different stress directions can be also simulated.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst, it is characterised in that：The device includes spring-loaded device, examination
Frame, test model and restraint device are tested, the central excavation of test model has the chamber model in definite shape, described constraint
Device is by U-shaped restraining plate and is connected to U-shaped restraining plate and is constituted with respect to two plates of two exposed ends, and test model is placed in about
Slip casting medium is filled with bundle device, and between test model and the inwall of restraint device；Described restraint device is placed in experiment
Frame bottom, the top of restraint device is provided with the top of weighted platform, test stand provided with the jack being correspondingly arranged with weighted platform, bullet
Property loading device be located between weighted platform and jack, described spring-loaded device includes spring and is set on spring
Disc spring film, each two disc spring film is oppositely arranged, and makes the elasticity that one group of each two disc spring film formation is in elliposoidal
Body, when jack, which is pushed, to be applied pressure to a certain degree to test model by spring-loaded device and weighted platform, certain group
One of disk spring sector-meeting in elastomer sends relative upset, realizes the surrouding rock stress unloading of test model.
2. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Elastomer
At least five groups, the center of every group of elastomer is connected with being set to the spring of tensioning state, and the elasticity in top and bottom
Disc spring film in body with the upper and lower ends of spring are corresponding respectively is fixedly connected.
3. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Test mould
Type is poured by gypsum and mica and formed.
4. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is U-shaped about
The sidewall edge and the edge of U-shaped restraining plate bottom that two of beam plate are oppositely arranged are provided with the inserting groove for grafting plate.
5. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：It is U-shaped
Injected hole is equipped with restraining plate and two plates.
6. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Test stand
Including being horizontally disposed upper cushion cap and lower cushion cap, lower cushion cap is placed in below cushion cap, and is connected between upper cushion cap and lower cushion cap
Longitudinal leadscrew is connected to, is mounted on fixing positioned at both sides above and below upper cushion cap and on the longitudinal leadscrew of both sides above and below lower cushion cap
Bolt.
7. a kind of experimental rig for being used to simulate buried Tunnel Rockburst according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Elasticity adds
Carry and put the disc spring film of middle bottom and be fixed on weighted platform, the size of weighted platform is less than the transversal disconnected of restraint device
The size in face.
8. a kind of method for being used to simulate the experimental rig of buried Tunnel Rockburst utilized described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: making in the test model matched with restraint device interior shape, the center of test model is reserved with insertion
The chamber model of its two lateral walls, the bottom wall of chamber model and U-shaped restraining plate is be arranged in parallel, and U-shaped restraining plate and two are inserted
Plate is assembled into restraint device, is put into prefabricated test model in restraint device, and to the outer wall and restraint device of test model
Inwall between fill slip casting medium, the restraint device is placed on test stand；
Step 2: weighted platform and spring-loaded device will be placed on restraint device, spring-loaded device is pushed by jack,
After the disc spring film in spring-loaded device is overturn suddenly, the burst conditions of viewing test model.
9. a kind of method for being used to simulate the experimental rig of buried Tunnel Rockburst utilized described in claim 8, it is characterised in that：
In step one, test model is rotated to an angle, makes the bottom wall of chamber model and U-shaped restraining plate in a certain angle, for mould
Intend the generation of rock burst under different stress directions.
10. a kind of method for being used to simulate the experimental rig of buried Tunnel Rockburst utilized described in claim 8, its feature exists
In：Step one replaces with removal plate, and the side wall of test model is set into certain radian, and chamber is closed on for simulating difference
In the case of rock burst generation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710322478.XA CN106996903B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Test device and method for simulating deep-buried chamber rock burst |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710322478.XA CN106996903B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Test device and method for simulating deep-buried chamber rock burst |
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| CN106996903A true CN106996903A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
| CN106996903B CN106996903B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107505206A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Automatic multi-function pilot system and method for the test of soil layer anti_floating foundation load-carrying properties |
| CN107917841A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-04-17 | 重庆交通大学 | One kind simulation region of high stress Underground Engineering Excavation rock burst experimental rig and method |
| CN108333049A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-07-27 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method |
| CN108387450A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-10 | 四川大学 | The different long-term mechanical behavior indoor simulation methods of adit digging condition deep wall rock |
| CN108414348A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-17 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of true triaxial test system and its implementation of test rock |
| WO2021031571A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-02-25 | 山东科技大学 | Stress gradient load testing apparatus and method for accurate determination of load energy |
| CN113984535A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep rock mass rockburst dynamic disaster simulation device and test method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107505206A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Automatic multi-function pilot system and method for the test of soil layer anti_floating foundation load-carrying properties |
| CN107505206B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2023-11-03 | 山东建筑大学 | Automatic multifunctional test system and method for testing bearing performance of soil layer anti-pulling foundation |
| CN107917841A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-04-17 | 重庆交通大学 | One kind simulation region of high stress Underground Engineering Excavation rock burst experimental rig and method |
| CN108387450A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-10 | 四川大学 | The different long-term mechanical behavior indoor simulation methods of adit digging condition deep wall rock |
| CN108387450B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-01-25 | 四川大学 | The different long-term mechanical behavior indoor simulation methods of adit digging condition deep wall rock |
| CN108333049A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-07-27 | 洛阳理工学院 | A kind of buried chamber first loads the test model excavated afterwards and test method |
| CN108414348A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-08-17 | 绍兴文理学院 | A kind of true triaxial test system and its implementation of test rock |
| CN108414348B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2020-05-26 | 绍兴文理学院 | True triaxial test system for testing rock and implementation method thereof |
| CN108333049B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2024-01-26 | 洛阳理工学院 | Test model and test method for loading and then excavating deep underground chamber |
| WO2021031571A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-02-25 | 山东科技大学 | Stress gradient load testing apparatus and method for accurate determination of load energy |
| CN113984535A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep rock mass rockburst dynamic disaster simulation device and test method |
| CN113984535B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-05-20 | 中国矿业大学 | Deep rock mass rockburst dynamic disaster simulation device and test method |
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|---|---|
| CN106996903B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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