CN103615725A - Energy-saving gasification and melting direct combustion furnace for household rubbish - Google Patents
Energy-saving gasification and melting direct combustion furnace for household rubbish Download PDFInfo
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- CN103615725A CN103615725A CN201310645380.XA CN201310645380A CN103615725A CN 103615725 A CN103615725 A CN 103615725A CN 201310645380 A CN201310645380 A CN 201310645380A CN 103615725 A CN103615725 A CN 103615725A
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Abstract
An energy-saving gasification and melting direct combustion furnace for household rubbish comprises a gasification ash removal furnace, a gasification and melting direct combustion furnace and a steam preheating device. The gasification ash removal furnace comprises an ash removal furnace body. A rotating fire grate I is arranged on the lower portion of the ash removal furnace body, and an ash dropping hopper is arranged below the rotating fire grate I. The gasification and melting direct combustion furnace comprises a direct combustion furnace body. A combustion chamber is arranged on the lower portion of the direct combustion furnace body, a gasification chamber is arranged on the upper portion of the direct combustion furnace body, and a water storage chamber is arranged between the combustion chamber and the gasification chamber. The steam preheating device comprises a preheating water mechanism and a preheating gas mechanism. The energy-saving gasification and melting direct combustion furnace is reasonable in design, simple in structure, high in heat efficiency, safe to use, low in cost, good in effect, and easy to treat, transport and assemble, thereby being an advanced, economical and practical technology for innocent treatment and energy utilization of household rubbish, industrial wastewater sludge, wasted fibers and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of direct-combustion furnace, particularly the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of one way of life refuse gasification melting.
Background technology
At present domestic and international Prediction for Solid Waste Treatment Technology, mainly contains two kinds of methods: the one, and blast furnace burning method; The 2nd, landfill method, all there is serious secondary pollution and the wasting of resources in two kinds of methods.Present stage research and probe domestic garbage gasification melting method, oneself obtains certain effect.With regard to gasification, the technology of comparative maturity is summarized as two types of fixed bed and fluid beds, and the scarce limit that fixed bed exists mainly contains: the burning of limit oxygen is inhomogeneous, tar content large, the easily perforation of material bed, combustible gas calorific value are low, it is difficult etc. to maximize.The scarce existence that fluidization exists: dust is many, pretreatment of raw material is tight, investment is large, the life-span is short etc.Fixed bed in sum and fluid bed all can not realize domestic rubbish disposal innoxious, maximize and without tarring, simultaneously, when processing the pollution sources such as house refuse, industrial wastewater sludge, useless fiber, the cost the utilization rate higher and energy of equipment investment is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, proposes a kind of small investment, profitable, can realize the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of one way of life refuse gasification melting, be characterized in: comprise gasification deashing stove, gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace and aqueous vapor preheating device, described gasification deashing stove comprises deashing furnace body, on deashing furnace body top, be provided with garbage inlet, garbage inlet place is provided with material loading compression set, on the wall of the inside of deashing furnace body, be provided with retaining cover, on the top of retaining cover, be fixed with the rubbish stirring pipe of horizontally set, in the bottom of deashing furnace body, be provided with rotary fire grate I, below rotary fire grate I, be provided with ash dropping hopper, in the exit, lower end of ash dropping hopper, be provided with the compressed pipe of horizontally set, the outer end of compressed pipe is provided with ash hole, the inner of compressed pipe is provided with the horizontal sliding oil cylinder that deashing is used, on deashing furnace body below rotary fire grate I, be provided with air inlet, top at deashing furnace body is provided with gas outlet, described gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace comprises direct-combustion furnace body of heater, the bottom of direct-combustion furnace body of heater is provided with combustion chamber, the top of direct-combustion furnace body of heater is provided with vaporizer, between combustion chamber and vaporizer, be provided with retaining chamber, in combustion chamber, be provided with a refractory container burner hearth and at least one gas furnace hearth, refractory container burner hearth and gas furnace hearth all join by the gas outlet of pipeline and deashing furnace body, at the indoor straight smoke pipe joining with refractory container burner hearth and gas furnace hearth that is vertically provided with respectively of retaining, in vaporizer, be provided with and the straight smoke pipe corresponding flue gas bend pipe joining one by one, vaporizer top is provided with and flue gas bend pipe exhaust opening one to one, above direct-combustion furnace body of heater, be provided with exhaust fume collecting hood, in the bottom of exhaust fume collecting hood, be provided with by pipeline and the exhaust opening corresponding smoke intaking hole joining one by one, at the top of exhaust fume collecting hood, be provided with a total smoke evacuation outlet, bottom in retaining chamber is provided with inlet opening, the top of retaining chamber joins by the bottom of vapour pipe and vaporizer, at the top of vaporizer, being provided with steam portals, described aqueous vapor preheating device comprises preheating water mechanism and pre-thermomotor structure, preheating water mechanism is provided with preheating water housing, the top of preheating water housing is provided with collecting chamber, the bottom of preheating water housing is provided with fume collecting chamber, between fume collecting chamber and collecting chamber, be provided with heat-exchanging chamber I, in heat-exchanging chamber I, be provided with the flue I of spiraling, the lower end outlet of the flue I of spiraling is joined with fume collecting chamber, the upper end import of the flue I of spiraling is joined with total smoke evacuation outlet, the described flue I of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchanging water-jackets, heat exchanging water-jacket connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with water inlet pipe, heat exchanging water-jacket's top communicates with collecting chamber by house steward, top at collecting chamber is provided with hot water outlet, described pre-thermomotor structure is provided with pre-hot gas housing, the top of pre-hot gas housing is provided with collection chamber, the bottom of pre-hot gas housing is provided with heat-exchanging chamber II, in heat-exchanging chamber II, be provided with the flue II of spiraling, the lower end gas approach of the flue II of spiraling joins by the fume collecting chamber of pipeline and preheating water housing, the upper end outlet of the flue II of spiraling is set to waste gas outlet, the described flue II of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchange air-casings, heat exchange air-casing connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with air inlet pipe, air pump is installed on steam inlet pipe, the top of heat exchange air-casing communicates with collection chamber by house steward, top at collection chamber is provided with heat outlet, heat outlet joins by the air inlet of pipeline and deashing furnace body.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, described material loading compression set comprises and is located at the material loading compressed pipe that deashing furnace body is outer and deashing furnace body garbage inlet joins, the downward-sloping setting of material loading compressed pipe, in the lower end of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with the main compression cylinder that material loading is used, on the one side outer wall of the bottom of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with the precompressed draw of horizontally set, in the front portion of the precompressed draw, be provided with the cast hopper that opening upwards arranges, in the rear end of the precompressed draw, being provided with the outlet of cast hopper lower end coordinates horizontal sliding rubbish to enter the precommpression cylinder of material loading compressed pipe, between described material loading compressed pipe and the inside and outside wall of the precompressed draw, be provided with pressurized water passage, on the inwall of material loading compressed pipe and the precompressed draw, be provided with some compression apopores, in the bottom outer wall of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with sewage outlet.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, in the deashing furnace body above rotary fire grate I, is provided with inner water tank, and the water stirring pipe of crossing by some horizontally sets between inner water tank overlaps with retaining is connected; In the center of rotary fire grate I, be provided with the load-bearing axle of vertical setting, in load-bearing axle, be provided with the load-bearing axle inlet opening communicating with inner water tank.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, at deashing furnace body, is provided with heat-insulation layer outward.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, is provided with and sees material window on deashing furnace body.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, in the refractory container burner hearth of gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace, be provided with rotary fire grate II, above rotary fire grate II, be provided with melting direct combustion chamber, in the bottom in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with fused mass outlet, on the top in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with the charcoal ash import that automatically helps fuel inlet and join with deashing furnace body ash hole.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, in straight smoke pipe, is provided with the mobile delay plate of some reducing smokes.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, and described gas furnace hearth is provided with two or more, in each gas furnace hearth, is equipped with burner.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, is provided with Pressure gauge and automatically controlled water-level gauge on direct-combustion furnace body of heater.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention can also be come further to realize by the following technical programs, and the smoke intaking hole place joining at exhaust fume collecting hood and gas furnace hearth is provided with the control windshield plate of controlling ventilation.
Compared with prior art, it is inner that the present invention sends into deashing furnace body by house refuse from garbage inlet by material loading compression set, by gasification deashing stove, gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace and aqueous vapor preheating device, carry out melt-combustion three times, domestic rubbish disposal is realized maximize, innoxious, without tarring.The present invention is reasonable in design, simple in structure, and the thermal efficiency is high, uses safety, and cost is low, effective, and easily processing, transportation and assembling are the harmless treatments such as house refuse, industrial wastewater sludge, useless fiber, recovery energy, comparatively advanced, economic, practical technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is FB(flow block) of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gasification deashing stove;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of exhaust fume collecting hood;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of aqueous vapor preheating device.
The specific embodiment
The energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of one way of life refuse gasification melting, comprise gasification deashing stove, gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace and aqueous vapor preheating device, described gasification deashing stove comprises deashing furnace body 1, on deashing furnace body 1 top, be provided with garbage inlet 15, garbage inlet 15 places are provided with material loading compression set, on the wall of the inside of deashing furnace body 1, be provided with retaining cover 3, on the top of retaining cover 3, be fixed with the rubbish stirring pipe 2 of horizontally set, in the bottom of deashing furnace body 1, be provided with rotary fire grate I 7, below rotary fire grate I 7, be provided with ash dropping hopper, in the lower end of ash dropping hopper, export the compressed pipe 8 that 9 places are provided with horizontally set, the outer end of compressed pipe 8 is provided with ash hole, the inner of compressed pipe 8 is provided with the horizontal sliding oil cylinder 10 that deashing is used, on deashing furnace body 1 below rotary fire grate I 7, be provided with air inlet 43, at the top of deashing furnace body 1, be provided with gas outlet 44, described gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace comprises direct-combustion furnace body of heater 17, the bottom of direct-combustion furnace body of heater 17 is provided with combustion chamber, the top of direct-combustion furnace body of heater is provided with vaporizer, between combustion chamber and vaporizer, be provided with retaining chamber, in combustion chamber, be provided with a refractory container burner hearth 26 and at least one gas furnace hearth 25, refractory container burner hearth 26 and gas furnace hearth 25 all join by the gas outlet 44 of pipeline and deashing furnace body, at the indoor straight smoke pipe 18 joining with refractory container burner hearth 26 and gas furnace hearth 25 that is vertically provided with respectively of retaining, in vaporizer, be provided with and the straight smoke pipe 18 corresponding flue gas bend pipe 20 joining one by one, vaporizer top is provided with and flue gas bend pipe 20 exhaust opening 21 one to one, above direct-combustion furnace body of heater 17, be provided with exhaust fume collecting hood 30, in the bottom of exhaust fume collecting hood 30, be provided with by pipeline and the exhaust opening 21 corresponding smoke intaking hole joining 28 one by one, at the top of exhaust fume collecting hood 30, be provided with a total smoke evacuation outlet 29, bottom in retaining chamber is provided with inlet opening, the top of retaining chamber joins by the bottom of vapour pipe and vaporizer, at the top of vaporizer, be provided with steam and portal 23, described aqueous vapor preheating device comprises preheating water mechanism and pre-thermomotor structure, preheating water mechanism is provided with preheating water housing 32, the top of preheating water housing 32 is provided with collecting chamber, the bottom of preheating water housing is provided with fume collecting chamber 42, between fume collecting chamber 42 and collecting chamber, be provided with heat-exchanging chamber I, in heat-exchanging chamber I, be provided with the flue I 35 of spiraling, the lower end outlet of the flue I 35 of spiraling is joined with fume collecting chamber, the upper end import 34 of the flue I of spiraling is joined with total smoke evacuation outlet 29, the described flue I 35 of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchanging water-jackets, heat exchanging water-jacket connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with water inlet pipe, heat exchanging water-jacket's top communicates with collecting chamber by house steward, at the top of collecting chamber, be provided with hot water outlet 33, described pre-thermomotor structure is provided with pre-hot gas housing 36, the top of pre-hot gas housing is provided with collection chamber, the bottom of pre-hot gas housing is provided with heat-exchanging chamber II, in heat-exchanging chamber II, be provided with the flue II 40 of spiraling, the lower end gas approach 39 of the flue II 40 of spiraling joins by the fume collecting chamber 42 of pipeline and preheating water housing, the upper end outlet of the flue II 40 of spiraling is set to waste gas outlet 37, the described flue II 40 of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchange air-casings, heat exchange air-casing connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with air inlet pipe, air pump 41 is installed on steam inlet pipe, the top of heat exchange air-casing communicates with collection chamber by house steward, at the top of collection chamber, be provided with heat outlet 38, heat outlet 38 joins by the air inlet 43 of pipeline and deashing furnace body 1.Described material loading compression set comprises and is located at the material loading compressed pipe 14 that deashing furnace body 1 is outer and deashing furnace body garbage inlet 15 joins, the downward-sloping setting of material loading compressed pipe 14, in the lower end of material loading compressed pipe 14, be provided with the main compression cylinder 11 that material loading is used, on the side outer wall of the bottom of material loading compressed pipe 14, be provided with the precompressed draw 12 of horizontally set, in the front portion of the precompressed draw 12, be provided with the cast hopper 13 that opening upwards arranges, in the rear end of the precompressed draw 12, being provided with the outlet of cast hopper lower end coordinates horizontal sliding rubbish to enter the precommpression cylinder of material loading compressed pipe, between described material loading compressed pipe 14 and the inside and outside wall of the precompressed draw 12, be provided with pressurized water passage, on the inwall of material loading compressed pipe and the precompressed draw, being provided with some compressions portals, in the bottom outer wall of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with sewage outlet.
In deashing furnace body 1 above rotary fire grate I 7, be provided with inner water tank 6, inner water tank 6 overlaps the water stirring pipe 5 of crossing by some horizontally sets between 3 with retaining and is connected, in the center of rotary fire grate I, be provided with the load-bearing axle of vertical setting, in load-bearing axle, be provided with the load-bearing axle inlet opening communicating with inner water tank 6; Outside deashing furnace body 1, be provided with heat-insulation layer; On deashing furnace body 1, be provided with and see material window 4; In the refractory container burner hearth of gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace, be provided with rotary fire grate II, above rotary fire grate II, be provided with melting direct combustion chamber, in the bottom in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with fused mass outlet, on the top in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with the charcoal ash import 16 that automatically helps fuel inlet and join with deashing furnace body ash hole; In the refractory container burner hearth 26 of gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace, be provided with refractory container and rotary fire grate II 27; In straight smoke pipe 18, be provided with the mobile delay plate 19 of some reducing smokes; Described gas furnace hearth 25 is provided with two or more, in each gas furnace hearth 25, is equipped with burner; On direct-combustion furnace body of heater, be provided with Pressure gauge 22 and automatically controlled water-level gauge 24; The smoke intaking hole place joining at exhaust fume collecting hood 30 and gas furnace hearth 25 is provided with the control windshield plate 31 of controlling ventilation.
Claims (10)
1. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of one way of life refuse gasification melting, it is characterized in that: comprise gasification deashing stove, gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace and aqueous vapor preheating device, described gasification deashing stove comprises deashing furnace body, on deashing furnace body top, be provided with garbage inlet, garbage inlet place is provided with material loading compression set, on the wall of the inside of deashing furnace body, be provided with retaining cover, on the top of retaining cover, be fixed with the rubbish stirring pipe of horizontally set, in the bottom of deashing furnace body, be provided with rotary fire grate I, below rotary fire grate I, be provided with ash dropping hopper, in the exit, lower end of ash dropping hopper, be provided with the compressed pipe of horizontally set, the outer end of compressed pipe is provided with ash hole, the inner of compressed pipe is provided with the horizontal sliding oil cylinder that deashing is used, on deashing furnace body below rotary fire grate I, be provided with air inlet, top at deashing furnace body is provided with gas outlet, described gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace comprises direct-combustion furnace body of heater, the bottom of direct-combustion furnace body of heater is provided with combustion chamber, the top of direct-combustion furnace body of heater is provided with vaporizer, between combustion chamber and vaporizer, be provided with retaining chamber, in combustion chamber, be provided with a refractory container burner hearth and at least one gas furnace hearth, refractory container burner hearth and gas furnace hearth all join by the gas outlet of pipeline and deashing furnace body, at the indoor straight smoke pipe joining with refractory container burner hearth and gas furnace hearth that is vertically provided with respectively of retaining, in vaporizer, be provided with and the straight smoke pipe corresponding flue gas bend pipe joining one by one, vaporizer top is provided with and flue gas bend pipe exhaust opening one to one, above direct-combustion furnace body of heater, be provided with exhaust fume collecting hood, in the bottom of exhaust fume collecting hood, be provided with by pipeline and the exhaust opening corresponding smoke intaking hole joining one by one, at the top of exhaust fume collecting hood, be provided with a total smoke evacuation outlet, bottom in retaining chamber is provided with inlet opening, the top of retaining chamber joins by the bottom of vapour pipe and vaporizer, at the top of vaporizer, being provided with steam portals, described aqueous vapor preheating device comprises preheating water mechanism and pre-thermomotor structure, preheating water mechanism is provided with preheating water housing, the top of preheating water housing is provided with collecting chamber, the bottom of preheating water housing is provided with fume collecting chamber, between fume collecting chamber and collecting chamber, be provided with heat-exchanging chamber I, in heat-exchanging chamber I, be provided with the flue I of spiraling, the lower end outlet of the flue I of spiraling is joined with fume collecting chamber, the upper end import of the flue I of spiraling is joined with total smoke evacuation outlet, the described flue I of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchanging water-jackets, heat exchanging water-jacket connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with water inlet pipe, heat exchanging water-jacket's top communicates with collecting chamber by house steward, top at collecting chamber is provided with hot water outlet, described pre-thermomotor structure is provided with pre-hot gas housing, the top of pre-hot gas housing is provided with collection chamber, the bottom of pre-hot gas housing is provided with heat-exchanging chamber II, in heat-exchanging chamber II, be provided with the flue II of spiraling, the lower end gas approach of the flue II of spiraling joins by the fume collecting chamber of pipeline and preheating water housing, the upper end outlet of the flue II of spiraling is set to waste gas outlet, the described flue II of spiraling is constituted by some heat exchange air-casings, heat exchange air-casing connects as one by circulation pipe and joins with air inlet pipe, air pump is installed on steam inlet pipe, the top of heat exchange air-casing communicates with collection chamber by house steward, top at collection chamber is provided with heat outlet, heat outlet joins by the air inlet of pipeline and deashing furnace body.
2. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described material loading compression set comprises and is located at the material loading compressed pipe that deashing furnace body is outer and deashing furnace body garbage inlet joins, the downward-sloping setting of material loading compressed pipe, in the lower end of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with the main compression cylinder that material loading is used, on the one side outer wall of the bottom of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with the precompressed draw of horizontally set, in the front portion of the precompressed draw, be provided with the cast hopper that opening upwards arranges, in the rear end of the precompressed draw, being provided with the outlet of cast hopper lower end coordinates horizontal sliding rubbish to enter the precommpression cylinder of material loading compressed pipe, between described material loading compressed pipe and the inside and outside wall of the precompressed draw, be provided with pressurized water passage, on the inwall of material loading compressed pipe and the precompressed draw, be provided with some compression apopores, in the bottom outer wall of material loading compressed pipe, be provided with sewage outlet.
3. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the deashing furnace body above rotary fire grate I, be provided with inner water tank, the water stirring pipe of crossing by some horizontally sets between inner water tank overlaps with retaining is connected; In the center of rotary fire grate I, be provided with the load-bearing axle of vertical setting, in load-bearing axle, be provided with the load-bearing axle inlet opening communicating with inner water tank.
4. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at deashing furnace body, be provided with heat-insulation layer outward.
5. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on deashing furnace body, be provided with and see material window.
6. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the refractory container burner hearth of gasification and melting direct-combustion furnace, be provided with rotary fire grate II, above rotary fire grate II, be provided with melting direct combustion chamber, in the bottom in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with fused mass outlet, on the top in melting direct combustion chamber, be provided with the charcoal ash import that automatically helps fuel inlet and join with deashing furnace body ash hole.
7. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in straight smoke pipe, be provided with the mobile delay plate of some reducing smokes.
8. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gas furnace hearth is provided with two or more, in each gas furnace hearth, is equipped with burner.
9. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on direct-combustion furnace body of heater, be provided with Pressure gauge and automatically controlled water-level gauge.
10. the energy-conservation direct-combustion furnace of domestic garbage gasification melting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the smoke intaking hole place joining at exhaust fume collecting hood and gas furnace hearth is provided with the control windshield plate of controlling ventilation.
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Cited By (2)
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CN105570901A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-11 | 四川长城环境科学研究院 | Slag-to-gas waste-control-by-waste innocent treatment device for household garbage |
CN108326009A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-27 | 上海盛弘环境科技有限公司 | A kind of rubbish is converted into the processing system of distributed energy |
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US20120079970A1 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-05 | Kinsei Sangyo Co., Ltd. | Dry Distillation and Gasification Typed Incinerator |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105570901A (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-05-11 | 四川长城环境科学研究院 | Slag-to-gas waste-control-by-waste innocent treatment device for household garbage |
CN105570901B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-05-08 | 四川长城环境科学研究院 | A kind of slag becomes gas house refuse treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another harmless treatment device |
CN108326009A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-07-27 | 上海盛弘环境科技有限公司 | A kind of rubbish is converted into the processing system of distributed energy |
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