CN103593530B - A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design - Google Patents
A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design, comprise the following steps: determine building size according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building; Physical environment to building interior is simulated, and the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects is determined building interior general layout; Simulate building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plan outside place environment; Consider building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, use ecotect software to carry out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, building is carried out to simulation of energy consumption and judge energy-saving effect with analysis; If energy-saving effect reaches desired value, determine accordingly energy saving building design, obtain the energy saving building of a passive type. The inventive method is not being used under the prerequisite of dynamic power machine or seldom energy resource consumption, realizes the adjusting to building wind, light heat environment, reaches the perfect adaptation of art and technology, and design meets the passive type energy saving building of China's actual conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of architectural design field, a kind of digital simulation that adopts saves specificallyThe integrated approach of energy architectural design.
Background technology
Green building is green, energy-conservation and low-carbon (LC) is built the widest one of covering scope in three major concepts.EPA to green building be defined as " scan building total lift cycle time unified plan and analysis,Reasonably create and use all feasible in each stage, being conducive to protection of the environment and efficiently utilizing resourceThe building that produces of means. This means expand the face of containing of classical architectural design to saving, public affairsBeneficial, durable and these new aspects of comfort level. " be not difficult to find the amphitypy society that this definition and China advocateCan define---environmentally friendly quite similar with resource-conserving. Green Architectural Development is emerging America and Europe'sRise come from just people under its social high development for the more and more higher resource of building, environment, economy,The integration requirement of social responsibility and hommization aspect (1---Oct2009, GreenBuildingBasicInformation,USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency）。
By contrast, energy saving building and low-carbon (LC) building are all the narrow embodiments of green building. Simple nextSay, the energy resource consumption aspect in resources conservation is absorbed in energy saving building, concern be that the energy consumption of building is (singlePosition is kWh/), be the latter in favorable environment and efficent use of resources aspect in " green " this conceptAn aspect.
Energy-conservation (EfficientEnergyUse, or be called for short EnergyEfficiency) mainly comprise twoThe work of individual aspect: one is simple to reduce energy consumption taking the quality that reduces energy supply as cost,This is generally to reach by adjusting use habit, such as heating by adjustment, temperature and the duration of cooling,Adjust time and the brightness etc. of illumination. Another aspect is to manage to improve Energy Efficiency Ratio, uses lessThe energy, produce more cold/heat etc. It should be noted energy-conservation being definitely defined in the world alsoNot bery unified, some other definition in to the difference comparison between " raising efficiency " and " sacrifice quality of supplying "Generally. Particularly in how reducing the consumption of fossil energy. (2---DiesendorfMark,2007,GreenhouseSolutionwithSustainableEnergy,UNSWPress,P86-87）
From energy-conservation to only limit to pay close attention to energy consumption different, the concept of low-carbon (LC) building (LowCarbonBuilding)More comprehensive. Because carbon emission amount has reflected mankind's activity global climate greenhouse phenomenon has sharply been aggravatedImpact, the consumption of the energy of extrapolating, particularly fossil energy that can be directly used for quantizing againAmount.
Low-carbon (LC) building refer to be designed and build come in its total lift cycle time, enter to discharge little greenhouseGas, or without the building of greenhouse gases. First simply tell about greenhouse gases and complete here,The relation of ball weather. Greenhouse gases are that the environment of all life lives of the earth is kept applicable life to liveThe maximum person who has rendered outstanding service of moving humiture, mainly by steam, carbon dioxide, methane, laughing gas, ozone withAnd the special gas that the various mankind manufacture is as compositions such as fluorine Lyons. All know air at us main groupBecome in composition, carbon dioxide is only a very little part (0.03%), but can by data in following table 2Know, this sub-fraction carbon dioxide is second largest in greenhouse gases on the impact of atmospheric temperature. If onlyHave the extra part greenhouse gases that produce due to mankind's activity in mind, the impact of carbon dioxide on atmosphereConsiderably beyond other composition. Therefore in the time solving greenhouse gases sharp increase problem, often with carbon dioxideIt is how many that discharge capacity is weighed the greenhouse gas emission of building.
How is relation between low-carbon (LC) building and building energy consumption expressed? the meaning of " carbon " in low-carbon (LC) buildingThink the CO2 emissions that produce for construction activity, can be from building in this amount of constructing operation stageEnergy input and energy form in by calculating concrete numerical value (general applying unitKgCO2/annual: kilogram carbon dioxide/year).
CIOB(CharteredInstituteofBuilding, CIOB association) forEach building industry expert personage's interview sums up a real sustainable most importantPoint: " when building is designed, to its expectation target should be one long-lived, also durableAnd there is the building of following transformation potentiality ". Considering which kind of thought should become reduction building energy consumption and carbon emissionWhen amount first-selected, accept the multidigit of building services SE (CIBSE) of Britain imperial family magazine interviewBritain expert unanimously represents, aspect current Britain's green, energy-conservation, low-carbon (LC) building, and people,Comprise that government has gone on the detour of " only regenerative resource opinion ", " only high-tech opinion "; Must fix the heartCome, come back to design on this datum line of building of low energy consumption demand, just can go on realSustainable Development Road. China starts to walk more late than developed country in this respect, but just in time can use for reference themThe detour of passing by, combination reality in the architectural design of the new stage of China, with the low energy consumption of architecture noumenonRequire for this, use Passive design for guiding principle, hardheaded from building energy conservation this fundamentally toThe road of sustainable development strides forward.
China " 15 " tackling of key scientific and technical problems key project " research of ecotecture key technology " has proposed relevant green10 kinds of key technologies of look building: super low energy consumption, gravity-flow ventilation, natural lighting, health-care air-conditioner, againProduction-goods source, green building material, Based Intelligent Control, ecological afforestation, water resource reuse and a home from home.
Make a general survey of the energy saving building in current worldwide, can find as energy saving building peripheral protectiveGood thermal and the counterglow reasonable processing that obtains heat be energy-conservation most important means, a taste blindnessGo to adopt the way of high investment, such as type of respiration multilayer curtain wall, automatic lighting shading system, too orderSun energy electro-optical package etc. does not gear to actual circumstances. Building had been stepped into Digital Design and building simulation epoch already,The application of digital simulation technique in building industry greatly promoted the development of energy saving building.
At present, can make full use of this new concept of digital simulation technique, consider to reduce from architecture noumenonThe method that energy consumption is carried out passive type energy saving building design there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
Do not consider to reduce the deficiencies such as energy consumption from architecture noumenon for architectural design of the prior art, thisThe technical problem that invention will solve is to provide a kind of by the physical environment of building periphery is carried out comprehensivelyComputer simulation and be applied in architectural design, enter thereby reduce the employing digital simulation of building energy consumptionThe integrated approach of row energy saving building design.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design of the present invention comprises following stepRapid:
Determine building size according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, the impact of physical environment comprisesThe impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, according to the physical environment of building interior in buildingThe size of portion's heat effects, determines building interior general layout;
Simulate building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plan outside place environment;
Consider building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, use ecotect softPart carries out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, use eQUEST energy simulation software to build intoRow simulation of energy consumption judges energy-saving effect with analysis;
If energy-saving effect reaches desired value, determine energy saving building design according to this, obtain oneThe energy saving building of individual passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increases activeTechnology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, judgement jointCan effect step.
The described impact according to the residing physical environment of building determines that building size comprises the following steps:
Consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, useFlunent StarCCM Airpark software carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out the calculating of wind speed and blast;According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment;
Consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: further to thering is the building size of desirable wind environmentWith IES Ecotect software carry out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine, consider master is set for the direction that has all the year round sunshineWant function, and for the building sides that day photos badly, miscellaneous function and Architectural Atrium space are set;
Consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by using the heat radiation of Ecotect software simulation to calculateCertain direction that goes out building obtains heat situation; According to obtaining heat, the auxiliary function of building or traffic core are putPut and obtaining on the face that heat is larger;
Consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are made an uproarSound decibel actual measurement, then by ODEN Raynoise computer acoustic simulation softward calculate elevation of buildingSound field distribution simulation, thereby judge noise to building coverage, in this coverage, carry outNoise reduction process;
According to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment, the impact of building size is determinedBuilding size.
According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building of desirable wind environmentThe bodily form comprises:
According to the analog computation result of elevation of building being carried out to blast and wind speed profile, what judgement was built goes outThe situation of porch wind environment, if wind speed is higher or have eddy flow to occur, needs as gatewayAdopt awning or trees to block processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
Consider in the step of the impact of luminous environment on building size, if elevation of building situation at sunshine can notReach requirement, auxiliary function is positioned over to this facade part.
Consideration thermal environment affects in step building size, too high if radiant heat appears in elevation of building,The traffic core of building and auxiliary function are positioned over to this side, isolate as thermonuclear and inner space.
Consideration acoustic environment affects in step building size, is simulated and is judged elevation of building by acoustic environmentWhether noise is above standard certain part, if this part is above standard, carries out every the place that makes an uproar in this partReason, and without whole building is taken measures.
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, according to the physical environment of building interior in buildingThe size of portion's heat effects, determine that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of building interior traffic nuclear location: through the simulation of thermal environment, carry out with Fluent softwareCFD calculate, the step that affects in conjunction with luminous environment on building size, is placed to traffic core to buildThe exterior wall part that heat is higher, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
Building interior luminous environment simulation: use IES Ecotect software simulation indoor illumination situation, observeWhether illumination reaches requirement to indoor main space;
Indoor air flow tissue simulation: by using FluentSoftwareThe temperature field of doing is to planning to build architecture indoor gasStream tissue carries out simulation and forecast with comfortableness parameter, selects and can ensure technique needs, meets indoorEnvironmental amenity requirement, the optimum air-conditioning heating form that can effectively save again operation energy consumption;
The dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area: do temperature field with Fluent software, soAfter choose dry integrated temperature and show as the measurement comfortableness that combines air themperature and radiation temperatureIndex;
Simulate according to the simulation of above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment, indoor air flow tissue andThe dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area is determined interior construction spacing.
In building interior luminous environment simulation steps, if can not reach desirable day through the simulation of luminous environmentIn situation, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance; Adopt energy-conservation withThe Based Intelligent Control in induction type artificial light and full building.
In the determining step of building interior traffic nuclear location, then to carry out thermal environment simulation be for furtherImprove indoor thermal environment, further improve thermal property with equipment angle, consider that facade increasesAdd refrigeration modes and local the increasing of air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioningThe mode of electromechanical equipment.
Simulate building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plan that outside place environment comprises the following steps:
The simulation of outdoor place wind environment: by Fluent StarCCM software wind environment outdoor is simulated,Whether place periphery there is the too high or eddy current of wind speed in winter, and summer, whether wind speed exceeded comfort level;
Outdoor place luminous environment simulation: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, use Ecotect simultaneously to carry outThe luminous environment simulation in outdoor place and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place, judge whether to plant greenLook plant and people could stop the space of having a rest;
Above-mentioned two steps are comprehensively judged, if build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter too high orThere is eddy current situation, in Site Design with plantation trees or with self bodily form adjustment of buildingEvade, wind speed is reduced to level of comfort, all under a home from home, just can consider at outdoor wind speed and sunshineAs people's zone of action, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
The inventive method be with the physical environments such as high-tech computer simulation wind, light, heat, sound and withArchitectural creation combines, and designs the method for designing of the passive type energy saving building with a home from home, adoptsBy a technology such as super low energy consumption, gravity-flow ventilation, natural lighting, ecological afforestation, by rational spaceTissue and construction measure, not using under the prerequisite of dynamic power machine or seldom energy resource consumption, realize buildingBuild the adjusting of wind, light heat environment, improve the comfort level of indoor environment.
2. the inventive method makes full use of this new concept of digital simulation technique, considers to fall from architecture noumenonPassive type energy saving building design is carried out in low energy consumption, taking passive type technology as basic, is aided with active energy-conservationArchitectural design, as basic strategy, taking Building technology as core, is calculated and simulation means by high-tech,For architectural creation provides technical support, reach the perfect adaptation of art and technology, design meets Chinese stateThe passive type energy saving building of feelings.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further elaborated.
According to the operating mechanism of technology and the demand to the energy, these technology can be divided into active skillTwo types of art and passive type technology. Wherein super low energy consumption, gravity-flow ventilation, natural lighting, ecological greenChange technology of grade, can pass through rational spatial organization and construction measure, do not use dynamic power machine orSeldom, under the prerequisite of energy resource consumption, realize the adjusting to building wind, light heat environment, improve indoor ringThe comfort level in border. They can be resorted to as passive type technology.
A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design of the present invention is described quiltDynamic formula technology. Taking passive type technology as basic, being aided with active is the basic strategy of energy saving building design.Under this strategy, taking Building technology as core, calculate and simulation means by high-tech, be building woundTechnical support is provided, reaches the perfect adaptation of art and technology, design meets the passive of China's actual conditionsFormula energy saving building is layout strategy of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the inventive method comprises the following steps:
Step 1. is determined building size, the shadow of physical environment according to the impact of the residing physical environment of buildingRing and comprise the impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
Step 2. is simulated the physical environment of building interior, according to the physical environment pair of building interiorThe size of building interior heat effects, determines building interior general layout;
Step 3. is simulated building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plans outside place environment;
Step 4. considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, usesEcotect software carries out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, uses eQUEST energy simulation softwareBuilding is carried out to simulation of energy consumption and analysis, judge energy-saving effect;
If step 5. energy-saving effect reaches desired value, determine energy saving building design according to this,Obtain the energy saving building of a passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increasesActive technology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment,Judge energy-saving effect step.
In step 1, determine that according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building building size comprises the following steps:
11. consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, useThe softwares such as Flunent, StarCCM or Airpark carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out wind speed and blastCalculate; According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain thering is building of desirable wind environmentBuilding body shape;
12. consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: the building size with desirable wind environment is entered to oneStep is carried out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine with the software such as IES or Ecotect, considers for the direction that has all the year round sunshineMajor function is set, and for the building sides that day photos badly, miscellaneous function and Architectural Atrium space is set;
13. consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by using Ecotect software simulation bolometerCertain direction that calculates building obtains heat situation; According to obtaining heat by auxiliary function or the traffic core of buildingBe placed on the larger face of heat;
14. consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are carried outNoise decibel actual measurement, then by ODEN Raynoise(computer acoustic simulation softward) calculating buildsBuild the sound field distribution simulation of facade, thereby judge the coverage of noise to building, in this coverageInside carry out noise reduction process;
15. is true on the impact of building size according to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environmentDetermine building size.
According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building of desirable wind environmentBodily form step (step 11) comprises:
According to the analog computation result of elevation of building being carried out to blast and wind speed profile, what judgement was built goes outThe situation of porch wind environment, if wind speed is higher or have eddy flow to occur, needs as gatewayAdopt awning or trees to block processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
The analysis of building external wind environment is a prediction simulation that is widely used in European and American developed countriesAnalytical technology. For avoiding a series of later stage problems that Around Buildings wind-force is excessive or improper ventilation causes,Need to provide the analysis of construction area wind environment in the building plans stage, test current wind environment situation, carryThe various situations that front anticipation may occur have a good environment to guarantee Around Buildings. According to buildingBuild initial blank, height that design provides and towards setting up computer model, and eight wind direction situationsUnder carry out computational analysis.
Consider in the step (step 12) of the impact of luminous environment on building size, if calculate the large of buildingOn part facade, can not ensure normal sunshine, can adopt under construction front yard part or have abundanceSunshine, part used light guide techniques, photoconductive tube to enter building interior to solve interior lights according to problem.
The luminous environment in building and place is very important for the effect of architecture noumenon and whole planning. BuildingBuild in luminous environment analysis, be not only the hiding relation between simple analysis building and building, priorBecause the comfort that reasonably illumination layout not only affects people realizes energy-conservation important leverage especially---the thermic load overwhelming majority of building interior comes from sunshine. Therefore to building surface directly tooSun irradiation time simulation effectively accessory building design in building size, position and shape are windowedThe aspects such as shape; To instruct place rule together with the wind environment analysis of place for the Sunlight Analysis in placeThe important evidence of drawing. The landscape design in place also can be carried out according to the simulation of luminous environment.
Consideration thermal environment affects in step (step 13) building size, if elevation of building occursRadiant heat is too high, the traffic core of building and auxiliary function is positioned over to this side, as thermonuclear and insideSpace isolates.
Consideration acoustic environment affects in step (step 14) building size, is simulated and is sentenced by acoustic environmentWhether noise is above standard disconnected elevation of building part, if this part is above standard, in this partCarry out every the processing of making an uproar, and without whole building is taken measures.
According to the noise actual measurement in building ambient noise source, can simulate the each portion of noise to building bodyThe situation that affects of dividing, thus judge whether to carry out noise reduction process to the part that exceeds standard. Pass throughAffected part can be only processed in analog computation, do not need whole building to carry out overall treatment,Thereby improve economy.
By the simulation to different physical environments, for the different parts of building body ability and placeDifferent directions, the result of simulation will be recorded in TECH design method summary sheet, and summary sheet is by an orderBe clear and offer architect and carry out architectural design, thereby formed a set of brand-new method for designing.
In step 2, the physical environment of building interior is simulated, according to the physical rings of building interiorThe size of border to building interior heat effects, determine that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of 21. building interior traffic nuclear locations: through the simulation of thermal environment, enter with Fluent softwareThe CFD(Computationalfluiddynamics of row, calculation process mechanics) calculate, in conjunction with the ring of lightBorder affects step (step 12) to building size, by traffic core be placed to build heat higher outsideWall part, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
22. building interior luminous environments simulations: use IES the software simulation indoor illumination situation such as Ecotect,In observation ward, whether illumination reaches requirement to main space;
23. indoor air flow tissue simulations: by using FluentSoftwareThe temperature field of doing is to planning to build architecture indoorAir current composition and comfortableness parameter are carried out simulation and forecast, can ensure technique needs thereby select, fullThe comfortableness requirement of foot indoor environment, the optimum air-conditioning heating form that can effectively save again operation energy consumption;
Dry integrated temperature (DRT) distribution simulation of 24. open zones and public area: make of Fluent softwareTemperature field, then chooses dry integrated temperature and shows as the weighing apparatus that combines air themperature and radiation temperatureThe index of amount comfortableness;
Simulate according to the simulation of above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment, indoor air flow tissue andDry integrated temperature (DRT) distribution simulation of open zone and public area is determined interior construction spacing.
Energy-conservation as guiding principle taking passive type, ensureing that building itself is to fit under the prerequisite of low energy consumption demand bodyWhen equipment meet the requirements of building interior environment. And the creation of the artificial environment of building interior is finalTo realize by inner air current composition. No matter take which kind of wind pushing form, which kind of air conditioning and heating sideFormula is all finally will be in the rational air current composition of indoor formation, to ensure that technique needs and indoor relaxingAdaptive requirement. Air current composition is not only closely related with building interior environmental amenity degree, also to buildingEnergy efficiency has direct impact. Multi-form Airflow Pattern Designing, or cry multi-formAir-conditioning heating system, in the time meeting the chamber processes of same target and comfort level and require, required is cold and hotIt is very large that load can differ.
In step 24, it is that one combines that the dry integrated temperature (DRT) of open zone and public area distributesThe index of the measurement comfortableness of air themperature and radiation temperature.
In building interior luminous environment simulation steps (step 22), if can not through the simulation of luminous environmentReach in situation at desirable sunshine, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance;Adopt Based Intelligent Control energy-conservation and induction type artificial light and full building.
In the determining step (step 21) of building interior traffic nuclear location, then carry out thermal environment simulation,For further improving indoor thermal environment, further improve thermal property with equipment angle, consider buildingOuter facade increase air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioning refrigeration modes andThe local mode that increases electromechanical equipment.
Traffic core and the auxiliary function of building are positioned over the side that outer facade radiant heat is higher as far as possible, generalBe positioned over west side, thereby outdoor heat is intercepted, simulation simultaneously can find out that it is to indoor heatImpact whether reduce to some extent.
Step 3 is simulated building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plans that outside place environment comprises following stepRapid:
31. outdoor place wind environments simulations: by Fluent or StarCCM software to wind environment outdoor mouldIntend, whether place periphery there is the too high or eddy current of wind speed in winter, and summer, whether wind speed exceeded comfort level;
32. outdoor place luminous environment simulations: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, use Ecotect simultaneously to enterThe luminous environment simulation in the outdoor place of row and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place, judge whether to plantGreen plants and people could stop the space of having a rest;
33. pairs of above-mentioned two steps comprehensively judge, if it is too high to build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winterOr there is the situations such as eddy current, in Site Design with plantation trees or with building self bodily form tuneWhole evading, is reduced to level of comfort by wind speed, and outdoor wind speed and sunshine all just can under a home from homeConsider the zone of action as people, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
In step 31, if build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter too high or exist the situations such as eddy current wantIn Site Design, evade with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment.
Wind speed is reduced to level of comfort. Outdoor wind speed and sunshine all just can be thought of as under a home from homePeople is as zone of action, for evade at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed as far as possible.
In step 4, consider the step of building size, building interior general layout and outside place environmentSuddenly be:
Aforesaid analog content is listed in respectively in TECH design method consolidated statement, to the overall feelings of buildingCondition is carried out comprehensive judgement and is analyzed, thereby instructs the architect can be by the time build in earlier stage designDesign according to passive type energy saving building thought.
The passive type technology of using mainly contains: low Shape Coefficient; Self form the balance of sunshade and daylighting;High-performance thermal technology's building enclosure; Part gravity-flow ventilation; Part natural lighting; Comply with Discussion on architecture wind,The outer layout of reasonable architecture indoor of light, heat, acoustic environment;
The Initiative design technology of using mainly contains: initiatively tracing type sunshine guiding device; Induction typeArtificial light; The accurate intelligence control system in full building.
The inventive method is named as TECH method for designing, can carry out comprehensively the overall condition of buildingJudgement with analyze, thereby instruct architect can save according to passive type in the time build in earlier stage designCan build thought design, its result of design is the energy saving building of a passive type. The method toolThere is science with comprehensive, and self become the system of a system.
" TECH " word itself is writing a Chinese character in simplified form of " technology " word, and the technology of emphasizing is in this method for designingImportance.
T---Technology, implication is high-tech computer modeling technique
E---Environment, implication is the physical environment outside architecture indoor, be mainly wind, light, heat,Sound and dirt
C---Creativity, implication is creation
H---Housing, implication is house building
Four implications describe in detail with physical environments such as high-tech computer simulation wind, light, heat, soundAnd combine with architectural creation, design the method for designing of the passive type energy saving building with a home from home.
Claims (9)
1. adopt digital simulation to carry out an integrated approach for energy saving building design, it is characterized in that comprisingFollowing steps:
Determine building size according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, the impact of physical environment comprisesThe impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, according to the physical environment of building interior in buildingThe size of portion's heat effects, determines building interior general layout;
Simulate building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plan outside place environment;
Consider building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, use ecotect softPart carries out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, use eQUEST energy simulation software to build intoRow simulation of energy consumption judges energy-saving effect with analysis;
If energy-saving effect reaches desired value, determine energy saving building design according to this, obtain oneThe energy saving building of individual passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increases activeTechnology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, judgement jointEnergy effect step;
The described impact according to the residing physical environment of building determines that building size comprises the following steps:
Consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, useFlunent StarCCM Airpark software carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out the calculating of wind speed and blast;According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment;
Consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: further to thering is the building size of desirable wind environmentWith IES Ecotect software carry out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine, consider master is set for the direction that has all the year round sunshineWant function, and for the building sides that day photos badly, miscellaneous function and Architectural Atrium space are set;
Consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by using the heat radiation of Ecotect software simulation to calculateCertain direction that goes out building obtains heat situation; According to obtaining heat, the auxiliary function of building or traffic core are putPut and obtaining on the face that heat is large compared with other faces;
Consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are made an uproarSound decibel actual measurement, then by ODEN Raynoise computer acoustic simulation softward calculate elevation of buildingSound field distribution simulation, thereby judge noise to building coverage, in this coverage, carry outNoise reduction process;
According to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment, the impact of building size is determinedBuilding size.
2. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: according to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having desirable wind environmentBuilding size comprise:
According to the analog computation result of elevation of building being carried out to blast and wind speed profile, what judgement was built goes outThe situation of porch wind environment, if having eddy flow occur, as gateway need to adopt awning orTrees are blocked processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
3. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: consider in the step of the impact of luminous environment on building size, if elevation of building feelings at sunshineCondition can not reach requirement, auxiliary function is positioned over to this facade part.
4. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: consideration thermal environment affects in step building size, if radiation appears in elevation of buildingHeat higher than other faces, the traffic core of building and auxiliary function are positioned over to this side, as thermonuclear with inPortion space isolates.
5. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: consideration acoustic environment affects in step building size, simulate judgement by acoustic environment and buildWhether noise is above standard to build facade part, if this part is above standard, carries out in this partEvery the processing of making an uproar, and without whole building is taken measures.
6. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that: the physical environment to building interior is simulated, according to the physical environment pair of building interiorThe size of building interior heat effects, determine that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of building interior traffic nuclear location: through the simulation of thermal environment, carry out with Fluent softwareCFD calculate, the step that affects in conjunction with luminous environment on building size, is placed to traffic core to buildThe exterior wall part that heat is high compared with other exterior walls, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
Building interior luminous environment simulation: use IES Ecotect software simulation indoor illumination situation, observeWhether illumination reaches requirement to indoor main space;
Indoor air flow tissue simulation: by the temperature field of making of Fluent software to planning to build architecture indoor gasStream tissue carries out simulation and forecast with comfortableness parameter, selects and can ensure technique needs, meets indoorEnvironmental amenity requirement, the optimum air-conditioning heating form that can effectively save again operation energy consumption;
The dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area: do temperature field with Fluent software, soAfter choose dry integrated temperature and show as the measurement comfortableness that combines air themperature and radiation temperatureIndex;
Simulate according to the simulation of above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment, indoor air flow tissue andThe dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area is determined interior construction spacing.
7. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 6, itsBe characterised in that: in building interior luminous environment simulation steps, if can not reach through the simulation of luminous environmentIn desirable sunshine situation, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance; AdoptThe Based Intelligent Control in energy-conservation and induction type artificial light and full building.
8. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 6, itsBe characterised in that: in the determining step of building interior traffic nuclear location, then carry out thermal environment simulation be forFurther improve indoor thermal environment, further improve thermal property with equipment angle, consider outside buildingFacade increases refrigeration modes and the office of air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioningPortion increases the mode of electromechanical equipment.
9. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, itsBe characterised in that:
Simulate building outdoor surrounding enviroment, plan that outside place environment comprises the following steps:
The simulation of outdoor place wind environment: by Fluent StarCCM software wind environment outdoor is simulated,Whether place periphery there is eddy current in winter, and summer, whether wind speed exceeded comfort level;
Outdoor place luminous environment simulation: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, use Ecotect simultaneously to carry outThe luminous environment simulation in outdoor place and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place, judge whether to plant greenLook plant and people could stop the space of having a rest;
Above-mentioned two steps are comprehensively judged, have eddy current feelings winter if build outdoor surrounding enviromentCondition is evaded with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment, by wind in Site DesignPrompt drop is low to moderate level of comfort, all under a home from home, just can consider the work as people at outdoor wind speed and sunshineMoving region, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
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