CN108804802B - Office building space energy-saving design method with aim of controlling refrigeration energy consumption of air conditioner in summer - Google Patents
Office building space energy-saving design method with aim of controlling refrigeration energy consumption of air conditioner in summer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a space energy-saving design method aiming at controlling refrigeration energy consumption of an air conditioner in summer, which comprises the following steps: determining a basic body type model of an office building and body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment; performing summer air conditioner refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis on the basic body type model established in the design builder software by taking different plane forms, plane length-width ratios and layer heights as single variables; obtaining an office building body model with relatively low air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer, and performing simulation analysis on the air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer again by taking different building orientations and space combination forms as single variables respectively on the basis; further digging the passive energy-saving design potential of the building body type and realizing the energy-saving aim. The method ensures the reliability of model analysis and the accuracy of a simulation result, and utilizes the energy consumption simulation software design builder to perform simulation analysis at the scheme stage of the initial stage of office building design, so as to form an interaction mechanism integrating design and analysis optimization and improve the efficiency of energy-saving design of office buildings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy-saving building design, and particularly relates to a method for performing energy-saving design by adopting summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption simulation aiming at office buildings.
Background
With the continuous worsening of the world energy problem, energy saving research, particularly research aiming at building design energy saving, is more and more the focus of the worldwide attention. In the conventional building design, especially in the scheme stage of the initial design stage, due to the lack of corresponding energy consumption simulation technology, designers can only carry out 'green skin' energy-saving building design on the aspects of new building materials, new processes, new building components or construction methods, application of new energy resources, new equipment and the like.
With the rapid development of economy and the shortage of land which can be developed in cities, office buildings in various regions develop rapidly, the number of buildings and the building area account for 34 percent of newly built public buildings every year, the buildings are the types with high energy consumption in China, and the energy consumption of an air conditioning system accounts for about 30 to 40 percent in terms of energy consumption and is the key point of energy conservation. The energy consumption of the air conditioner of the office building has obvious seasonal characteristics, wherein the winter and summer are electricity consumption peaks, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner is high, so that the reasonable space design is the key for saving energy of an air conditioning system.
Design builder is building simulation software developed by design builder, uk. The linkage is realized by an EnergyPlus building energy simulation program developed by the United states environmental ministry. The comprehensive user graphical interface simulation software is developed aiming at a building energy consumption dynamic simulation program EnergyPlus, and can be used for carrying out full energy consumption simulation on building heating, refrigeration, illumination, ventilation, lighting and the like.
In the current energy-saving design, only the building energy consumption simulation process is used for judging whether the minimum value of the energy consumption meets the standard after the design of the building scheme is finished, and even when the building falls to the ground, the simple and rough energy-saving design means is verified. The energy-saving building design flow greatly reduces the energy-saving efficiency, so that the energy-saving design lacks reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an office building space energy-saving design method aiming at controlling the air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer so as to solve the problems in the design process of the conventional energy-saving building.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an office building space energy-saving design method aiming at controlling the refrigeration energy consumption of an air conditioner in summer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a basic body type model of an office building and body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment;
quickly establishing a basic body type model of an office building in design builder software, controlling the orthographic projection area of the building to be 1000 square meters, and determining body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment of the office building as follows: planar shape, planar aspect ratio, and layer height;
step two: performing summer air conditioner refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis on the basic body type model established in the DesignBuilder software by taking different plane forms, plane length-width ratios and layer heights as single variables;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template;
three groups of independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to three body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption of the building and the refrigeration energy consumption of the unit building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relation between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer;
step three: and obtaining an office building body model with relatively low air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer, namely a model with the lowest indexes of total refrigeration energy consumption and energy-saving efficiency of the comprehensive building, and determining body design factors influencing the building energy consumption again on the basis as follows: building orientation and space combination form;
step four: performing summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis again on the office building body model with relatively low summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption obtained in the step three by taking different orientations and space combination forms as single variables;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template;
two independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to two body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption of the building and the refrigeration energy consumption of the unit building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relation between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer;
step five: further digging the passive energy-saving design potential of the building form, realizing the control of air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer and reducing the design energy consumption of office buildings;
based on the passive space energy-saving design, the passive energy-saving design potential is excavated by combining the facade form factors of the office building, the building envelope structure and the energy-saving design of the equipment system, and finally the energy-saving goal of the office building is realized.
Further, the first step specifically includes: developing the energy-saving buildings in the area according to the relevant data of the project base, summarizing the body type characteristics of the office buildings in the area, and discussing factors influencing the body type design of the office buildings; and the existing corresponding specifications and relevant standards of energy-saving building design in China are combined to determine the figure design factors influencing the energy consumption of office buildings; the design factors determined to affect energy consumption are: planar shape, planar aspect ratio, and layer height.
Further, the second step specifically includes:
A. determining corresponding building, structure size and thermal design parameters according to the heat transfer characteristics of common building envelopes of the areas where the buildings are located;
B. directly selecting Chinese standard weather database-CSWD data of an engine EnerlyPlus of design builder software, namely summer design weather and simulated weather data;
C. selecting corresponding ventilation and air-conditioning system templates according to the specific conditions of the area where the building is located, and setting an air-conditioning operation mode, indoor set temperature, starting time period and ventilation times according to actual conditions;
D. then, selecting a main preset template of the building model according to the specific office building type, wherein the template comprises the factors related to the activity condition of personnel in the building, the indoor calculated temperature in summer, the indoor illumination, the air fresh air condition, the domestic hot water use condition and the building energy consumption;
E. when the parameters of the building glass window are set, a default energy consumption calculation module generic code is directly selected, and building sunshade is not considered during simulation;
F. the Lighting Template of the indoor Lighting module is selected as the default setting of a General energy code Template, the Lighting power density value is specified according to building Lighting design standard GB50034-2004, the LPD value of a house is set to be 7W/square meter, and the indoor Lighting mode is selected as ceiling lamp Lighting.
Further, the second step specifically comprises:
A. the plane form of the building is taken as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, performing energy consumption simulation on the rectangular, triangular, cross-shaped, circular and four plane forms under the condition of parameter setting in the second step;
B. with the aspect ratio of the building as variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, carrying out energy consumption simulation on five different plane aspect ratios of 2;
C. taking the floor height of the building as a variable: and under the condition that other factors are not changed, performing energy consumption simulation on the layer heights of 3.6m, 3.9m, 4.2m and 4.5m under the condition of parameter setting of the step two.
And further, completely transmitting the model data of the second DesignBuilder step to EnergyPlus for simulation analysis.
Further, the third step specifically comprises: according to the body type characteristics of office buildings in the area and in combination with the current corresponding standards and relevant standards of energy-saving building design in China, the body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the office buildings are determined again as follows: building orientation and space combination.
Further, the fourth step specifically includes:
A. with the orientation of the building as variable: taking the south direction of the building model as 01, rotating the model around the geometric center counterclockwise by 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees, controlling other factors to be unchanged, and performing energy consumption simulation under the condition of parameter setting in the step two to obtain a relation curve of the building orientation and the energy consumption;
B. taking the spatial combination form of the building as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, energy consumption simulation is carried out on the four space combination forms of the serial type, the parallel type, the unit type and the centralized type respectively under the condition of parameter setting in the step two, and a relation curve between the space combination form and the energy consumption of the building is obtained.
Further, in step five, the passive energy saving design potential includes: the natural lighting area is adjusted, necessary sun-shading measures are increased, the passive heating of the building is increased, the ventilation in the building in summer is increased, and the wind pressure difference in the building in winter is reduced.
After determining the typical body type of a common office building, the invention is divided into two levels, firstly, energy consumption simulation is carried out on the basic design factors influencing the building energy consumption, namely the plane shape, the plane length-width ratio and the layer height of the building, and on the basis of primarily determining the relatively energy-saving building body type, energy consumption simulation analysis is carried out again aiming at different building orientation and space combination forms, thereby accurately obtaining the relation between the building body type design parameters and the energy consumption.
In the specific building energy consumption simulation process, a model is quickly established in design builder software, a building is divided into different areas, an enclosure structure, personnel activities in the building, an HVAC and lighting system are set, and then design parameters of different body types influencing building energy consumption are subjected to total energy consumption simulation calculation for 8760h all year round.
In order to ensure the correctness of the simulation result, all indexes of the building model, such as form coefficient, window-wall ratio and thermal performance of the enclosure structure, need to strictly meet the requirements in the energy-saving building specification of the area and must not exceed the limit values in all the indexes. The window-wall ratio in each index should be the highest value of each specified value according to the regulations of the energy-saving design standards of office buildings.
The invention relates to an office building space energy-saving design method aiming at controlling the refrigeration energy consumption of an air conditioner in summer, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, the energy-saving buildings in the area are developed according to the relevant data of project bases, the body type characteristics of the office buildings in the area are summarized, and factors influencing the body type design of the energy-saving buildings are discussed. And the body type design factors influencing the building energy consumption are determined by combining the current corresponding specifications and relevant standards of the energy-saving building design in China.
Building body type models are quickly established in design builder software, and according to the characteristics of the software, uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation are loaded to a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of a building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: the building template comprises a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template.
When the building model is selected, since the software presetting module (Construction Template) is set by taking the uk building as an example, the size and thermal parameters of the corresponding structure should be determined according to the heat transfer characteristics of the common building enclosure of the area where the building is located.
The Weather Data during energy consumption simulation directly uses CSWD (China Standard Weather Data) Data which is a Chinese Standard Weather database carried by an engine EnerlyPlus of the software, and the Data mainly comprises winter and summer design Weather and simulated Weather Data.
A building Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system selects a corresponding template according to the specific condition of the area where the building is located, and sets an air conditioner operation mode, indoor set temperature, short starting time and ventilation times.
A main preset Template (Activity Template) of the building model selects a Template according to a specific building type, wherein the Template comprises factors related to building energy consumption, such as the Activity condition of personnel in the building, indoor calculation temperature in summer, indoor illumination, air fresh air condition, life hot water use condition and the like. However, data adopted in the template is based on British standards, and part of the data does not accord with the current situation of China, so that the simulation accuracy can be guaranteed and adjusted according to the specific design condition of a building.
The glass window (Glazing Template) of the building selects the default energy consumption calculation module (generic code) and the building shading should not be considered when simulating.
The energy consumption of the building mainly comprises four aspects of air conditioning system energy consumption, office power consumption, illumination energy consumption and elevator energy consumption, and the illumination energy consumption is negligible compared with the air conditioning energy consumption accounting for 40% of the total energy consumption of the building. Therefore, the indoor Lighting module (Lighting Template) selects the default setting of the "General energy code" Template, the Lighting power density value (LPD) is according to the regulations of the building Lighting design standard (GB 50034-2004), the LPD value of the house is set to 7W/square meter, and the main Lighting mode in the room is selected as ceiling Lighting.
The simulation calculation is to perform five independent simulation experiments according to factors influencing the body type design of the building energy consumption, namely, each factor is used as a unique variable to perform energy consumption simulation, and the quantitative relation between each design parameter and the energy consumption is analyzed independently.
The invention mainly adopts a computer simulation method to carry out energy consumption research, and the embedded EnergyPlus energy consumption simulator can carry out simulation calculation on all energy consumption of a building in the using process, wherein the energy consumption comprises heating energy consumption (Heat Generation), air conditioning energy consumption (Chiller), lighting energy consumption (Lighting) and System circulating water pump energy consumption (System Pumps). The design builder software adopts an energy plus energy consumption simulation engine, so that the energy consumption simulation engine is the simulation output of the total energy consumption of 8760 hours all the year around a building, and the energy consumption unit is kWh. The index for evaluating the energy consumption of the building according to the office building energy-saving design standard is a heat consumption index, and the unit of the index is W/square meter, namely the heat which is consumed by the indoor heating equipment in unit building area within unit time. Therefore, when the energy consumption index evaluation is carried out, the data obtained by the design builder simulation is converted into the energy consumption value of each square meter of the building per hour.
And respectively obtaining the total energy consumption and unit building energy consumption of the building under different design parameters, comparing the energy consumption level and the energy saving rate of different conditions of a single influence factor, and obtaining a quantitative relation curve between the five general design factors influencing the energy saving of the building and the building energy consumption by using Excel software.
And obtaining the optimal energy-saving body type of the building by combining the quantitative relation between the design parameters of the body type of the building and the energy consumption, and obtaining the relative energy-saving effect of the design scheme on the basis of the optimal energy-saving body type of the building so as to design the next step.
The above conclusion provides basis and reference for the initial design decision of architects from the energy-saving perspective, and the passive energy-saving design is taken as the basis, and the energy-saving design potential of the passive energy-saving design is excavated by combining the facade form factors of the office building, the building enclosure structure and the energy-saving design of the equipment system, so that the energy-saving goal of the office building is finally realized.
Under the energy-saving design guidance aiming at controlling the energy consumption of air-conditioning refrigeration in summer, the invention ensures that the office building design can adopt a quantitative method to analyze the accurate relationship between the building body type design parameters and the energy consumption in the initial stage, improves the energy-saving efficiency, realizes the energy-saving aim and promotes the development of the office building energy-saving design.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
A. the model is subjected to simulation analysis based on the DesignBuilder software, so that the accuracy of the analysis model is ensured, and the real reliability of the analysis result is ensured.
B. The design method combines the design of the DeignBuilder software and the design of the energy-saving building, so that each step is based on the analysis and simulation of the software, the rationality is achieved, and the design quality and the rationality are improved.
C. The design builder and the energy-saving building design are fully combined, so that a complete working chain is formed at the initial stage of the building design, and the scheme passing rate and the construction feasibility are enhanced.
D. Through innovative design logic, a feedback mechanism for continuously optimizing design and simulation analysis is formed, and the efficiency and accuracy of energy consumption simulation of energy-saving building design are improved.
E. The physical reaction of the building under each variable is fully simulated, excessive design or deficient design is avoided, and the economical efficiency and the practical benefit of the building are greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a basic body type model;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the planform of a building versus energy consumption;
FIG. 3 is a plot of planar aspect ratio of a building versus energy consumption;
FIG. 4 is a plot of floor height versus energy consumption for a building;
FIG. 5 is a graph of building orientation versus energy consumption;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the combination of building spaces versus energy consumption;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by combining the drawings and the embodiment:
referring to fig. 7, the energy-saving design method for office building space with the objective of controlling cooling energy consumption of air conditioner in summer according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a basic body type model of an office building and body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment;
quickly establishing a basic body type model of an office building in design builder software, as shown in figure 1, controlling the orthographic projection area of the building to be 1000 square meters, and determining body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment of the office building as follows: planar shape, planar aspect ratio, and layer height;
step two: performing summer air conditioner refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis on the basic body type model established in the DesignBuilder software by taking different plane forms, plane length-width ratios and layer heights as single variables;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template; the specific operation steps are as follows;
A. determining corresponding building, structure size and thermal design parameters according to the heat transfer characteristics of common building envelopes of the areas where the buildings are located;
B. directly selecting Chinese standard weather database-CSWD data of an engine EnerlyPlus of design builder software, namely summer design weather and simulated weather data;
C. selecting corresponding ventilation and air-conditioning system templates according to the specific conditions of the area where the building is located, and setting an air-conditioning operation mode, indoor set temperature, starting time period and ventilation times according to actual conditions;
D. then, selecting a main preset template of the building model according to the specific office building type, wherein the template comprises the factors related to the activity condition of personnel in the building, the indoor calculated temperature in summer, the indoor illumination, the air fresh air condition, the domestic hot water use condition and the building energy consumption;
E. when the parameters of the building glass window are set, a default energy consumption computing module is directly selected, and the building sunshade is not considered in the simulation process;
F. the Lighting test of the indoor Lighting module is selected as the default setting of a General energy code Template, the Lighting power density value is set as 7W/square meter according to the regulation of building Lighting design standard GB50034-2004, the LPD value of a house is set as 7W/square meter, and the indoor Lighting mode is selected as ceiling lamp Lighting.
Three groups of independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to three body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption of the building and the refrigeration energy consumption of the unit building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relation between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer;
and (3) performing simulation calculation on the annual energy consumption simulation experiment with the three influencing factors as variables under the conditions from A to F, namely performing simulation by taking each factor as a unique variable, and independently analyzing the quantitative relation between each design parameter and the energy consumption, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
A. the plane form of the building is taken as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, performing energy consumption simulation on the rectangular, triangular, cross-shaped, circular and four plane forms under the condition of parameter setting in the second step;
B. with the aspect ratio of the building as variable: under the condition that the building area and other factors are unchanged, carrying out energy consumption simulation on five different plane aspect ratios of 2;
C. taking the floor height of the building as a variable: and under the condition that other factors are not changed, performing energy consumption simulation on the layer heights of 3.6m, 3.9m, 4.2m and 4.5m under the condition of parameter setting of the step two.
Step three: and obtaining an office building body model with relatively low air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer, namely a model with the lowest indexes of total refrigeration energy consumption and energy-saving efficiency of the comprehensive building, and determining body design factors influencing the building energy consumption again on the basis as follows: building orientation and space combination form;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template; the specific operation steps are as follows;
A. determining corresponding building, structure size and thermal design parameters according to the heat transfer characteristics of common building envelopes of the areas where the buildings are located;
B. directly selecting Chinese standard meteorological database-CSWD data of an engine EnerlyPlus of DesignBuilder software, namely summer design climate and simulated meteorological data;
C. selecting corresponding ventilation and air-conditioning system templates according to the specific conditions of the area where the building is located, and setting an air-conditioning operation mode, indoor set temperature, starting time period and ventilation times according to actual conditions;
D. then, selecting a main preset template of the building model according to the specific office building type, wherein the template comprises factors related to the activity condition of personnel in the building, summer indoor calculated temperature, indoor illumination, air fresh air condition, domestic hot water use condition and building energy consumption;
E. when the parameters of the building glass window are set, a default energy consumption computing module is directly selected, and the building sunshade is not considered in the simulation process;
F. the Lighting Template of the indoor Lighting module is selected as the default setting of a General energy code Template, the Lighting power density value is specified according to building Lighting design standard GB50034-2004, the LPD value of a house is set to be 7W/square meter, and the indoor Lighting mode is selected as ceiling lamp Lighting.
Step four: performing summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis again on the office building body model with relatively low summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption obtained in the step three by taking different orientations and space combination forms as single variables;
two independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to two body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption of the building and the refrigeration energy consumption of the unit building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relation between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
and (3) performing simulation calculation on the annual energy consumption simulation experiment with the two influencing factors as variables under the conditions from A to F in the third step, namely performing simulation by taking each factor as a unique variable respectively, and analyzing the quantitative relation between each design parameter and the energy consumption independently, wherein the specific operation steps are as follows:
A. with the orientation of the building as variable: taking the south direction of the building model as 01, rotating the model around the geometric center counterclockwise by 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees, controlling other factors to be unchanged, and performing energy consumption simulation under the condition of parameter setting in the step two to obtain a relation curve of the building orientation and the energy consumption;
B. taking the spatial combination form of the building as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, energy consumption simulation is carried out on the four space combination forms of the serial type, the parallel type, the unit type and the centralized type respectively under the condition of parameter setting in the step two, and a relation curve between the space combination form and the energy consumption of the building is obtained.
Step five: further digging the passive energy-saving design potential of the building form, realizing the control of air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer and reducing the design energy consumption of office buildings;
based on the passive space energy-saving design, the passive energy-saving design potential is excavated by combining the facade form factors of the office building, the building envelope structure and the energy-saving design of the equipment system, and finally the energy-saving goal of the office building is realized.
The above conclusions provide basis and reference for the initial design decision of architects from the energy-saving perspective, and should be based on the passive space energy-saving design, and combine the facade form factors of office buildings, the building enclosure structure and the energy-saving design of equipment systems to excavate the potential of the passive energy-saving design, and finally achieve the energy-saving goal of office buildings.
Claims (4)
1. An office building space energy-saving design method taking air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption control in summer as a target is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a basic body type model of an office building and body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment;
establishing a basic body type model of an office building in design builder software, controlling the orthographic projection area of the building to be 1000 square meters, and determining body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the building according to the physical environment of the office building as follows: planar shape, planar aspect ratio, and layer height;
step two: performing summer air conditioner refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis on the basic body type model established in the DesignBuilder software by taking different plane forms, plane length-width ratios and layer heights as single variables;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template;
three groups of independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to three body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption and the energy saving rate of the building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relationship between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer;
step three: and obtaining an office building body model with relatively low air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer, namely a model with the lowest indexes of total refrigeration energy consumption and energy-saving efficiency of the comprehensive building in each group of simulation experiments, and determining body design factors influencing the building energy consumption again on the basis that: building orientation and space combination form;
step four: performing summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption simulation analysis again on the office building body model with relatively low summer air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption obtained in the step three by taking different orientations and space combination forms as single variables;
loading uniformly set calculation parameters related to energy consumption simulation into a specified body type model, wherein the calculation parameters are determined according to the specific physical environment of the building: building size and thermal engineering parameter, climatic environment, building air conditioning system template still include default parameter: a main preset template of the building template, building glass parameters and an indoor lighting template;
two independent simulation experiments are carried out in design builder software according to two body type design factors influencing building energy consumption: respectively taking each factor as a unique variable to carry out energy consumption simulation to obtain the total refrigeration energy consumption of the building and the refrigeration energy consumption of the unit building under different design parameters, and independently analyzing the relation between each design parameter and the refrigeration energy consumption of the air conditioner in summer;
step five: further excavating the passive energy-saving design potential of the building form, realizing the control of air-conditioning refrigeration energy consumption in summer and reducing the design energy consumption of office buildings;
on the basis of a passive space energy-saving design, by combining facade form factors of office buildings, building envelope structures and energy-saving design of equipment systems, the potential energy of the passive energy-saving design is excavated, and finally the energy-saving goal of the office buildings is realized;
the first step specifically comprises the following steps: according to the development of the energy-saving buildings in the areas according to the relevant data of the project base, summarizing the body type characteristics of the office buildings in the areas, and discussing factors influencing the body type design of the office buildings; and the existing corresponding specifications and relevant standards of energy-saving building design in China are combined to determine the figure design factors influencing the energy consumption of office buildings; the determined design factors are: planar form, planar aspect ratio, layer height;
the fourth step specifically comprises:
A. taking the orientation of the building as a variable: taking the south direction of the building model as 01, rotating the model around the geometric center counterclockwise by 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 75 degrees, controlling other factors to be unchanged, and performing energy consumption simulation under the condition of parameter setting in the step two to obtain a relation curve of the building orientation and the energy consumption;
B. taking the spatial combination form of the building as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, performing energy consumption simulation on the four spatial combination forms of the serial type, the parallel type, the unit type and the centralized type respectively under the parameter setting condition of the step two to obtain a relation curve between the spatial combination form and the energy consumption of the building;
in step five, the passive energy-saving design potential comprises: the natural daylighting area is adjusted, necessary sunshade measures are increased, passive heating of the building is increased, ventilation inside the building in summer is increased, and the wind pressure difference inside the building in winter is reduced.
2. The energy-saving design method for office building space with the aim of controlling cooling energy consumption of air conditioner in summer according to claim 1, wherein the second step specifically comprises the following steps:
A. determining corresponding building, structure size and thermal design parameters according to the heat transfer characteristics of common building envelopes of the areas where the buildings are located;
B. directly selecting Chinese standard weather database-CSWD data of an engine EnerlyPlus of design builder software, namely summer design weather and simulated weather data;
C. selecting corresponding ventilation and air-conditioning system templates according to the specific conditions of the area where the building is located, and setting an air-conditioning operation mode, indoor set temperature, starting time period and ventilation times according to actual conditions;
D. then, selecting a main preset template of the building model according to the specific office building type, wherein the template comprises the factors related to the activity condition of personnel in the building, the indoor calculated temperature in summer, the indoor illumination, the air fresh air condition, the domestic hot water use condition and the building energy consumption;
E. when the parameters of the building glass window are set, a default energy consumption computing module is directly selected, and the building sunshade is not considered in the simulation process;
F. the Lighting Template of the indoor Lighting module is selected as the default setting of a General energy code Template, the Lighting power density value is specified according to building Lighting design standard GB50034-2004, the LPD value of a house is set to be 7W/square meter, and the indoor Lighting mode is selected as ceiling lamp Lighting.
3. The energy-saving design method for office building space with the aim of controlling cooling energy consumption of air conditioner in summer according to claim 1, wherein the second step specifically comprises the following steps:
A. the plane form of the building is taken as a variable: under the condition that the building area is not changed with other factors, performing energy consumption simulation on the rectangular, triangular, cross-shaped, circular and four plane forms under the condition of parameter setting in the second step;
B. with the aspect ratio of the building as variable: under the condition that the building area and other factors are unchanged, carrying out energy consumption simulation on five different plane aspect ratios of 2;
C. taking the floor height of the building as a variable: and under the condition that other factors are not changed, performing energy consumption simulation on the layer heights of 3.6m, 3.9m, 4.2m and 4.5m under the parameter setting condition of the step two.
4. The energy-saving design method for office building space with the aim of controlling the cooling energy consumption of air conditioners in summer according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the model of the office building body with relatively low cooling energy consumption of air conditioners in summer is obtained by comparing the total cooling energy consumption of the building with the cooling energy consumption and the energy-saving rate of the unit building under different design parameters in each group of tests; and according to the body type characteristics of office buildings in the local area and by combining the current corresponding standards and relevant standards of energy-saving building design in China, determining the body type design factors influencing the energy consumption of the office buildings again as follows: building orientation and space combination.
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