CN103593530A - Comprehensive method for conducting energy efficiency building design in digital simulation mode - Google Patents
Comprehensive method for conducting energy efficiency building design in digital simulation mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive method for conducting an energy efficiency building design in a digital simulation mode. The method includes the following steps that the building size is determined according to the influence of the physical environment where a building is placed; the physical environment inside the building is simulated, and the internal pattern of the building is determined according to the influence of the physical environment inside the building on heat inside the building; the outdoor neighboring environment of the building is simulated, and the external field environment is planned; the building size, the internal pattern of the building and the external field environment are comprehensively considered, ecotect software is used for making annual air conditioning cooling and heating load analysis, energy consumption simulation is carried out on the building, and the energy efficiency effect is analyzed and judged; if the energy efficiency effect reaches a target value, an energy efficiency architectural design scheme can be determined accordingly, and a passive energy efficiency building is obtained. According to the method, on the premise that power machines are not used or energy consumption is little, wind, light and heat environment regulation of the building can be achieved, the perfect combination of art and technology is realized, and the design of the passive energy efficiency building accords with China actual conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of architectural design field, specifically a kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design.
Background technology
Green building is green, energy-conservation and low-carbon (LC) is built the widest one of covering scope in three major concepts.EPA is defined as and " scans unified plan and the analysis of building total lift cycle time, in each stage, reasonably create and use all feasible, the building that is conducive to protection of the environment and efficiently utilizes the means of resource to produce green building.This means expand the face of containing of classical architectural design to saving, public good, durable and these new aspects of comfort level." be not difficult to find the amphitypy society definition that this definition and China advocate---environmentally friendly quite similar with resource-conserving.Green Architectural Development American-European rise come from just people under its social high development for the integration requirement aspect more and more higher resource, environment, economy, social responsibility and the hommization of building (1---Oct2009, Green Building Basic Information, US Environmental Protection Agency).
By contrast, energy saving building and low-carbon (LC) building are all the narrow embodiments of green building.Simple, the energy resource consumption aspect in resources conservation is absorbed in energy saving building, concern be the energy consumption (unit is kWh/) of building, be that in " green " this concept, in favorable environment and efficent use of resources aspect the latter's a aspect.
Energy-conservation (Efficient Energy Use, or be called for short Energy Efficiency) mainly comprised the work of two aspects: one to be simple the take quality that reduces energy supply reduce energy consumption as cost, this is generally to reach by adjusting use habit, such as heating by adjustment, temperature and the duration of cooling, adjust time of illumination and brightness etc.Another aspect is to manage to improve Energy Efficiency Ratio, uses the less energy, produce more cold/heat etc.It should be noted energy-conservation be definitely defined in the world and not bery unified, more general to the difference between " raising efficiency " and " sacrifice quality of supplying " in some other definition.Particularly in how reducing the consumption of fossil energy.（2——Diesendorf?Mark,2007,Greenhouse?Solution?with?Sustainable?Energy,UNSW?Press,P86-87）
From energy-conservation to only limit to pay close attention to energy consumption different, the concept of low-carbon (LC) building (Low Carbon Building) is more comprehensive.Because carbon emission amount has reflected the impact that mankind's activity sharply aggravates global climate greenhouse phenomenon, the consumption of the energy of extrapolating, particularly fossil energy that can be directly used for quantizing again.
Low-carbon (LC) building refer to be designed and build come in its total lift cycle time, enter to discharge seldom greenhouse gases, or without the building of greenhouse gases.First simply tell about the relation of greenhouse gases and global climate here.Greenhouse gases are maximum persons who has rendered outstanding service that the environment of all life lives of the earth is kept the humiture of applicable vital movement, mainly by water vapor, and carbon dioxide, methane, laughing gas, the special gas that ozone and the various mankind manufacture is as compositions such as fluorine Lyons.At us, all know in the chief component composition of air, carbon dioxide is only a very little part (0.03%), but data are known in following table 2, and this sub-fraction carbon dioxide is second largest in greenhouse gases on the impact of atmospheric temperature.If only have due to mankind's activity the extra part greenhouse gases that produce in mind, carbon dioxide on the impact of atmosphere considerably beyond other composition.Therefore when solving greenhouse gases sharp increase problem, often with the discharge capacity of carbon dioxide, weigh the greenhouse gas emission of building how many.
How is relation between low-carbon (LC) building and building energy consumption expressed? in low-carbon (LC) building, the meaning of " carbon " is the CO2 emissions that construction activity produces, can be by calculating concrete numerical value (general applying unit kgCO2/annual: kilogram carbon dioxide/year) from the energy input of building and energy form in this amount of constructing operation stage.
CIOB(Chartered Institute of Building, CIOB association) interview for each building industry expert personage sums up a real sustainable most important: " when building is designed, to its expectation target, should be a building long-lived, durable and that have following transformation potentiality ".Considering which kind of thought should become while reducing building energy consumption and carbon emission amount first-selected, the multidigit Britain expert who accepts the magazine interview of building services society of engineers (CIBSE) of Britain imperial family unanimously represents, aspect, low-carbon (LC) building green, energy-conservation in current Britain, people, comprise that government has gone on the detour of " only regenerative resource opinion ", " only hi-tech opinion "; Must calm down, come back to design on this datum line of building of low energy consumption demand, just can go on real Sustainable Development Road.China starts to walk more late than developed country in this respect, but just in time can use for reference the detour that they pass by, in the architectural design of the new stage of China, combination is actual, the low energy consumption of architecture noumenon of take require to be this, use Passive design for guiding principle, hardheaded from building energy conservation, this fundamentally strides forward towards the road of sustainable development.
China " 15 " tackling of key scientific and technical problems main project " research of ecotecture gordian technique " has proposed 10 kinds of gordian techniquies of relevant green building: super low energy consumption, natural ventilation, natural lighting, health-care air-conditioner, regenerated resources, green building material, Based Intelligent Control, ecological afforestation, water resource reuse and a home from home.
Make a general survey of the energy saving building in current worldwide, can find as energy saving building, the reasonable processing that the good thermal of peripheral protective and counterglow obtain heat is energy-conservation most important means, go blindly to adopt simply the way of high investment, such as type of respiration multilayer curtain wall, automatic lighting shading system, solar opto-electronic board etc. do not gear to actual circumstances.Building had been stepped into Digital Design and building simulation epoch already, and the application of digital simulation technique in building industry greatly promoted the development of energy saving building.
At present, can make full use of this new concept of digital simulation technique, from architecture noumenon, consider reduce energy consumption and carry out the method for passive type energy saving building design and there is not yet report.
Summary of the invention
For architectural design of the prior art, from architecture noumenon, do not consider to reduce the deficiencies such as energy consumption, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of by the physical environment of buildings periphery is carried out comprehensive computer simulation and is applied in architectural design, thus the integrated approach that the employing digital simulation of reduction building energy consumption is carried out energy saving building design.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design of the present invention comprises the following steps:
According to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, determine building size, the impact of physical environment comprises the impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, and the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects is determined building interior general layout;
To building outdoor surrounding enviroment, simulate, plan outside place environment;
Consider building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, use ecotect software to carry out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, use eQUEST energy simulation software carry out simulation of energy consumption and analyze judgement energy-saving effect building;
If energy-saving effect reaches desired value, according to this, determine energy saving building design proposal, obtain the energy saving building of a passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increases active technology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, judgement energy-saving effect step.
The described impact according to the residing physical environment of building determines that building size comprises the following steps:
Consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, use Flunent Star CCM Airpark software carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out the calculating of wind speed and blast; According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment;
Consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: to the building size with desirable wind environment further with IES Ecotect software carry out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine, for the direction that has all the year round sunshine, consider major function is set, and for the building sides that day photos badly, subsidiary function and Architectural Atrium space are set;
Consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by certain direction of using Ecotect software simulation kampometer to calculate building, obtain heat situation; According to heat by the auxiliary function of building or traffic core be placed on the larger face of heat;
Consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are carried out to the actual measurement of noise decibel, then by ODEN Raynoise computer acoustic simulation softward calculate the sound field distribution simulation of elevation of building, thereby the coverage of judgement noise to building carried out noise reduction process in this coverage;
According to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment, the impact of building size is determined to building size.
According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment, comprises:
According to elevation of building being carried out to the analog computation result of blast and wind speed profile, the situation of place, the gateway wind environment of judgement building, if wind speed is higher or have eddy flow to occur, as gateway, need to adopt awning or trees to block processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
Consider that luminous environment, in the step of the impact of building size, if elevation of building situation at sunshine can not reach requirement, is positioned over auxiliary function this facade part.
Consideration thermal environment affects in step building size, too high if radiation heat appears in elevation of building, the traffic core of building and auxiliary function is positioned over to this side, as thermonuclear and inner space, isolates.
Consider that acoustic environment is on the affecting in step of building size, by acoustic environment, simulate and judge elevation of building part whether noise is above standard, if this part is above standard, in this part, carry out every the processing of making an uproar, and without whole building is taken measures.
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, and the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects determines that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of building interior traffic nuclear location: through the simulation of thermal environment, the CFD carrying out with Fluent software calculates, and the step that affects in conjunction with luminous environment on building size, is placed to traffic core to build to obtain the higher exterior wall part of heat, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
Building interior luminous environment simulation: use IES Ecotect software simulation indoor illumination situation, in observation ward, whether illumination reaches requirement to main space;
Indoor air flow tissue simulation: by using Fluent
softwarethe temperature field of doing, to planning to build architecture indoor air current composition and comfortableness parameter is carried out simulation and forecast, is selected and can be guaranteed technique needs, meets the comfortableness requirement of indoor environment, can effectively save again the optimum air-conditioning heating form of operation energy consumption;
The dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area: do temperature field with Fluent software, then choose dry integrated temperature and show as the index that combines the measurement comfortableness of air themperature and radiation temperature;
According to above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment simulation, indoor air flow, organize the dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of simulation and open zone and public area to determine interior construction spacing.
In building interior luminous environment simulation steps, if can not reach in situation at desirable sunshine through the simulation of luminous environment, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance; Adopt Based Intelligent Control energy-conservation and induction type artificial light and full building.
In the determining step of building interior traffic nuclear location, carrying out thermal environment simulation is for further improving indoor thermal environment again, with equipment angle, further improve thermal property, consider that facade increases refrigeration modes and the local mode that increases electromechanical equipment of air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioning.
To building outdoor surrounding enviroment, simulate, plan that outside place environment comprises the following steps:
Outdoor place wind environment simulation: by Fluent Star CCM software, wind environment outdoor is simulated, whether place periphery exists the too high or eddy current of wind speed in winter, and summer, whether wind speed surpassed comfort level;
Outdoor place luminous environment simulation: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, utilization Ecotect carries out the luminous environment simulation in outdoor place and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place simultaneously, judges whether to plant green plants and people could stop the space of having a rest;
Above-mentioned two steps are comprehensively judged, if it is too high or have an eddy current situation to build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter, in Site Design, with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment, evade, wind speed is reduced to level of comfort, outdoor wind speed and sunshine all just can be considered the zone of action as people under a home from home, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
The present invention has following beneficial effect and advantage:
1. the inventive method is with physical environments such as high-tech computer simulation wind, light, heat, sound and combines with architectural creation, design the method for designing of the passive type energy saving building with a home from home, adopt a technology such as super low energy consumption, natural ventilation, natural lighting, ecological afforestation, by rational spatial organization and construction measure, do not using under the prerequisite of power machine or seldom energy resource consumption, the adjusting of realization to building wind, light heat environment, the comfort level of raising indoor environment.
2. the inventive method makes full use of this new concept of digital simulation technique, from architecture noumenon consideration reduction energy consumption, carries out passive type energy saving building design, take passive type technology as basic, be aided with active energy saving building design as basic strategy, take Building technology as core, by high-tech, calculate and simulation means, for architectural creation provides technical support, reach the perfect adaptation of art and technology, design meets the passive type energy saving building of China's actual conditions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further elaborated.
According to the operating mechanism of technology and the demand to the energy, these technology can be divided into two types of active technology and passive type technology.A technology such as super low energy consumption, natural ventilation, natural lighting, ecological afforestation wherein, can pass through rational spatial organization and construction measure, do not using under the prerequisite of power machine or seldom energy resource consumption, realizing the adjusting to building wind, light heat environment, improving the comfort level of indoor environment.They can be resorted to as passive type technology.
A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design of the present invention is described passive type technology.Take passive type technology as basic, and being aided with active is the basic strategy of energy saving building design.Under this strategy, take Building technology as core, by high-tech, calculate and simulation means, for architectural creation provides technical support, reach the perfect adaptation of art and technology, the passive type energy saving building that design meets China's actual conditions is layout strategy of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the inventive method comprises the following steps:
Step 1. is determined building size according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, and the impact of physical environment comprises the impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
The physical environment of step 2. pair building interior is simulated, and the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects is determined building interior general layout;
The step 3. pair outdoor surrounding enviroment of building are simulated, and plan outside place environment;
Step 4. considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, uses ecotect software to carry out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, uses eQUEST energy simulation software to carry out simulation of energy consumption and analysis to building, judgement energy-saving effect;
If step 5. energy-saving effect reaches desired value, according to this, determine energy saving building design proposal, obtain the energy saving building of a passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increases active technology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, judgement energy-saving effect step.
In step 1, according to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, determine that building size comprises the following steps:
11. consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, use the softwares such as Flunent, Star CCM or Airpark to carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out the calculating of wind speed and blast; According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment;
12. consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: to having the building size of desirable wind environment, further with softwares such as IES or Ecotect, carry out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine, for the direction that has all the year round sunshine, consider major function is set, and for the building sides that day photos badly, subsidiary function and Architectural Atrium space are set;
13. consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by certain direction of using Ecotect software simulation kampometer to calculate building, obtain heat situation; According to heat by the auxiliary function of building or traffic core be placed on the larger face of heat;
14. consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are carried out to the actual measurement of noise decibel, then by ODEN Raynoise(computer acoustic simulation softward) calculate the sound field distribution simulation of elevation of building, thereby the coverage of judgement noise to building carried out noise reduction process in this coverage;
15. determine building size according to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment to the impact of building size.
According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having desirable wind environment building size step (step 11) comprises:
According to elevation of building being carried out to the analog computation result of blast and wind speed profile, the situation of place, the gateway wind environment of judgement building, if wind speed is higher or have eddy flow to occur, as gateway, need to adopt awning or trees to block processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
The analysis of building external wind environment is a prediction sunykatuib analysis technology that is widely used in European and American developed countries.For avoiding a series of later stage problems that Around Buildings wind-force is excessive or improper ventilation causes, in the building plans stage, need to provide the analysis of construction area wind environment, test current wind environment situation, the various situations that anticipation in advance may occur have a good environment to guarantee Around Buildings.The initial blank providing according to architectural design, height and towards setting up computer model, and carry out computational analysis under eight wind direction situations.
Consider luminous environment on the step of the impact of building size (in step 12), if calculate on most of facade of building and can not guarantee normal sunshine, can adopt under construction front yard part or have and partly use light guide techniques sufficient sunshine, photoconductive tube enters building interior to solve interior lights according to problem.
The luminous environment in building and place is very important for the effect of architecture noumenon and whole planning.In building luminous environment is analyzed, it is not only the hiding relation between simple analysis building and building, the more important thing is because the comfort that reasonably illumination layout not only affects people realizes energy-conservation important leverage especially---the thermal load overwhelming majority of building interior comes from sunshine.Therefore to effective building size, the aspects such as position and shape of windowing of accessory building in designing of the simulation of the time that directly shines upon of building surface; Sunlight Analysis for place is to instruct the important evidence of site planning together with the wind environment analysis of place.The landscape design in place also can be carried out according to the simulation of luminous environment.
Consider thermal environment on building size affect step (in step 13), too high if radiation heat appears in elevation of building, the traffic core of building and auxiliary function are positioned over to this side, as thermonuclear and inner space, isolate.
Consider that acoustic environment affects step (in step 14) to building size, by acoustic environment, simulate and judge elevation of building part whether noise is above standard, if this part is above standard, in this part, carry out every the processing of making an uproar, and without whole building is taken measures.
Noise actual measurement according to building ambient noise source, can simulate the affect situation of noise on the each several part of building body, thereby judge whether to carry out noise reduction process to exceeding the part of standard.By analog computation, can only process affected part, not need whole building to carry out overall treatment, thereby improved economy.
By the simulation to different physical environments, for the different parts of building body ability and the different directions in place, the result of simulation will be recorded in TECH design method summary sheet, summary sheet will offer at a glance architect and carry out architectural design, thereby form a set of brand-new method for designing.
In step 2, the physical environment of building interior is simulated, the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects, determine that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of 21. building interior traffic nuclear locations: through the simulation of thermal environment, the CFD(Computational fluid dynamics carrying out with Fluent software, calculation process mechanics) calculate, in conjunction with luminous environment on building size, affect step (step 12), traffic core is placed to and builds to obtain the higher exterior wall part of heat, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
22. building interior luminous environments simulations: use IES the software simulation indoor illumination situation such as Ecotect, in observation ward, whether illumination reaches requirement to main space;
23. indoor air flow tissue simulations: by using Fluent
softwarethe temperature field of doing, to planning to build architecture indoor air current composition and comfortableness parameter is carried out simulation and forecast, can guarantee technique needs thereby select, and meets the comfortableness requirement of indoor environment, can effectively save again the optimum air-conditioning heating form of operation energy consumption;
Dry integrated temperature (DRT) distribution simulation of 24. open zones and public area: do temperature field with Fluent software, then choose dry integrated temperature and show as the index that combines the measurement comfortableness of air themperature and radiation temperature;
According to above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment simulation, indoor air flow, organize dry integrated temperature (DRT) distribution simulation of simulation and open zone and public area to determine interior construction spacing.
The passive type of take is energy-conservation is guiding principle, is guaranteeing that building itself is with suitable equipment, to meet the requirements of building interior environment under the prerequisite of a low energy consumption demand body.And the creation of the artificial environment of building interior is finally to realize by inner air current composition.No matter take which kind of wind pushing form, which kind of air conditioning and heating mode, is all finally will be in the rational air current composition of indoor formation, to guarantee that technique needs and indoor comfortableness requirement.Air current composition is not only closely related with building interior environmental amenity degree, also the energy efficiency of building is had to direct impact.Multi-form Airflow Pattern Designing, or be multi-form air-conditioning heating system, when meeting the chamber processes of same target and comfort level and require, it is very large that required cooling and heating load can differ.
In step 24, it is a kind of index that combines the measurement comfortableness of air themperature and radiation temperature that the dry integrated temperature (DRT) of open zone and public area distributes.
In building interior luminous environment simulation steps (step 22), if can not reach in situation at desirable sunshine through the simulation of luminous environment, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance; Adopt Based Intelligent Control energy-conservation and induction type artificial light and full building.
In the determining step (step 21) of building interior traffic nuclear location, carry out again thermal environment simulation, for further improving indoor thermal environment, with equipment angle, further improve thermal property, consider that facade increases refrigeration modes and the local mode that increases electromechanical equipment of air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioning.
Traffic core and the auxiliary function of building are positioned over the side that outer facade radiation heat is higher as far as possible, be generally positioned over west side, thereby outdoor heat is intercepted, and simulation simultaneously can find out whether it reduces to some extent on the impact of indoor heat.
The step 3 pair outdoor surrounding enviroment of building are simulated, and plan that outside place environment comprises the following steps:
31. outdoor place wind environments simulations: by Fluent or Star CCM software, wind environment outdoor is simulated, whether place periphery exists the too high or eddy current of wind speed in winter, and summer, whether wind speed surpassed comfort level;
32. outdoor place luminous environment simulations: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, utilization Ecotect carries out the luminous environment simulation in outdoor place and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place simultaneously, judge whether to plant green plants and people could stop the space of having a rest;
33. pairs of above-mentioned two steps comprehensively judge, if it is too high or have situations such as eddy current to build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter, in Site Design, with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment, evade, wind speed is reduced to level of comfort, outdoor wind speed and sunshine all just can be considered the zone of action as people under a home from home, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
In step 31, if it is too high or exist the situations such as eddy current will be in Site Design evade with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment to build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter.
Wind speed is reduced to level of comfort.All under a home from home, just can consider for people is as zone of action at outdoor wind speed and sunshine, for evade at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed as far as possible.
In step 4, the step that considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment is:
Aforesaid analog content is listed in respectively in TECH design method consolidated statement, the overall condition of building is carried out comprehensive judgement and analyzed, thereby instruct architect can design according to passive type energy saving building thought when build in earlier stage design proposal.
The passive type technology of using mainly contains: low Shape Coefficient; Self forms the balance of sunshade and daylighting; High-performance thermal technology's building enclosure; Part natural ventilation; Part natural lighting; Comply with the outer layout of reasonable architecture indoor of Discussion on architecture wind, light, heat, acoustic environment;
The Initiative design technology of using mainly contains: active tracing type sunshine guiding device; Induction type artificial light; The accurate intelligent control system in full building.
The inventive method is named as TECH method for designing, the overall condition of building can be carried out comprehensive judgement and be analyzed, thereby instruct architect can design according to passive type energy saving building thought during design proposal building early stage, its result of design is the energy saving building of a passive type.The method has scientific and comprehensive, and self becomes the system of a system.
" TECH " word itself is writing a Chinese character in simplified form of " technology " word, emphasizes the importance of technology in this method for designing.
T---Technology, implication is high-tech computer modeling technique
E---Environment, implication is the physical environment outside architecture indoor, is mainly wind, light, heat, sound and dirt
C---Creativity, implication is creation
H---Housing, implication is house building
Four implications describe in detail with physical environments such as high-tech computer simulation wind, light, heat, sound and combine with architectural creation, design the method for designing of the passive type energy saving building with a home from home.
Claims (10)
1. adopt digital simulation to carry out an integrated approach for energy saving building design, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
According to the impact of the residing physical environment of building, determine building size, the impact of physical environment comprises the impact on building size of wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment;
Physical environment to building interior is simulated, and the size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects is determined building interior general layout;
To building outdoor surrounding enviroment, simulate, plan outside place environment;
Consider building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, use ecotect software to carry out annual air conditioner cold-heat load Analysis, use eQUEST energy simulation software carry out simulation of energy consumption and analyze judgement energy-saving effect building;
If energy-saving effect reaches desired value, according to this, determine energy saving building design proposal, obtain the energy saving building of a passive type; Energy-saving effect does not reach desired value else if, increases active technology, continues and considers building size, building interior general layout and outside place environment, judgement energy-saving effect step.
2. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the described impact according to the residing physical environment of building determines that building size comprises the following steps:
Consider the impact of wind environment on building size: according to local winter in summer cardinal wind, use Flunent Star CCM Airpark software carry out wind environment simulation; Carry out the calculating of wind speed and blast; According to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment;
Consider the impact of luminous environment on building size: to the building size with desirable wind environment further with IES Ecotect software carry out sunykatuib analysis at sunshine, for the direction that has all the year round sunshine, consider major function is set, and for the building sides that day photos badly, subsidiary function and Architectural Atrium space are set;
Consider the impact of thermal environment on building size: by certain direction of using Ecotect software simulation kampometer to calculate building, obtain heat situation; According to heat by the auxiliary function of building or traffic core be placed on the larger face of heat;
Consider the impact of acoustic environment on building size: building periphery main roads or noise source are carried out to the actual measurement of noise decibel, then by ODEN Raynoise computer acoustic simulation softward calculate the sound field distribution simulation of elevation of building, thereby the coverage of judgement noise to building carried out noise reduction process in this coverage;
According to above-mentioned wind environment, luminous environment, thermal environment and acoustic environment, the impact of building size is determined to building size.
3. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: according to result of calculation, building size is improved, until obtain having the building size of desirable wind environment, comprise:
According to elevation of building being carried out to the analog computation result of blast and wind speed profile, the situation of place, the gateway wind environment of judgement building, if wind speed is higher or have eddy flow to occur, as gateway, need to adopt awning or trees to block processing, avoid personnel to come in and go out being subject to the impact of wind.
4. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: consider that luminous environment is in the step of the impact of building size, if elevation of building situation at sunshine can not reach requirement, auxiliary function is positioned over to this facade part.
5. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: consider thermal environment affecting in step building size, if it is too high to there is radiation heat in elevation of building, the traffic core of building and auxiliary function are positioned over to this side, as thermonuclear and inner space, isolate.
6. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: consider acoustic environment affecting in step building size, by acoustic environment, simulate and judge elevation of building part whether noise is above standard, if this part is above standard, in this part, carry out every the processing of making an uproar, and without whole building is taken measures.
7. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the physical environment to building interior is simulated, size according to the physical environment of building interior to building interior heat effects, determine that building interior general layout comprises the following steps:
Determining of building interior traffic nuclear location: through the simulation of thermal environment, the CFD carrying out with Fluent software calculates, and the step that affects in conjunction with luminous environment on building size, is placed to traffic core to build to obtain the higher exterior wall part of heat, then carry out thermal environment simulation;
Building interior luminous environment simulation: use IES Ecotect software simulation indoor illumination situation, in observation ward, whether illumination reaches requirement to main space;
Indoor air flow tissue simulation: by the temperature field of making of Fluent software to planning to build architecture indoor air current composition and comfortableness parameter is carried out simulation and forecast, select and can guarantee technique needs, meet the comfortableness requirement of indoor environment, can effectively save again the optimum air-conditioning heating form of operation energy consumption;
The dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of open zone and public area: do temperature field with Fluent software, then choose dry integrated temperature and show as the index that combines the measurement comfortableness of air themperature and radiation temperature;
According to above-mentioned building interior thermal environment simulation, luminous environment simulation, indoor air flow, organize the dry integrated temperature distribution simulation of simulation and open zone and public area to determine interior construction spacing.
8. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: in building interior luminous environment simulation steps, if the simulation through luminous environment can not reach in ideal situation at sunshine, consider leaded light technology, or Architectural Atrium is set reaches sunlight ordinance; Adopt Based Intelligent Control energy-conservation and induction type artificial light and full building.
9. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: in the determining step of building interior traffic nuclear location, carrying out thermal environment simulation is for further improving indoor thermal environment again, with equipment angle, further improve thermal property, consider that facade increases refrigeration modes and the local mode that increases electromechanical equipment of air ducting, indoor change air-conditioning air draft mode, air-conditioning.
10. the integrated approach that carries out energy saving building design by employing digital simulation claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
To building outdoor surrounding enviroment, simulate, plan that outside place environment comprises the following steps:
Outdoor place wind environment simulation: by Fluent Star CCM software, wind environment outdoor is simulated, whether place periphery exists the too high or eddy current of wind speed in winter, and summer, whether wind speed surpassed comfort level;
Outdoor place luminous environment simulation: in conjunction with the simulation of wind environment outdoor, utilization Ecotect carries out the luminous environment simulation in outdoor place and the calculating that obtains heat in outdoor place simultaneously, judges whether to plant green plants and people could stop the space of having a rest;
Above-mentioned two steps are comprehensively judged, if it is too high or have an eddy current situation to build outdoor surrounding enviroment wind speed in winter, in Site Design, with plantation trees or with building self bodily form adjustment, evade, wind speed is reduced to level of comfort, outdoor wind speed and sunshine all just can be considered the zone of action as people under a home from home, for evading at sunshine and the disadvantageous region of wind speed.
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