CN101901284A - Numeralization analytical method for energy saving modification of existing building - Google Patents
Numeralization analytical method for energy saving modification of existing building Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a numeralization analytical method for energy saving modification of an existing building, which is characterized by carrying out numeralization analytical experiments and energy saving modification on the existing building, i.e. the numeralization analytical analog technology is utilized to carry out an internal and external environment analog experiment of the existing building to precisely detect the energy consumption of the existing building and determine the energy consumption resource thereof, thus effectively improving and perfecting the energy saving modification of the existing building. The method modifies the existing building by CFD software analog and Ecotect software analog. The method intuitively reflects energy saving effect; and by computer analog calculation, an architect can know the ecotechnology required to be adopted by each room to obtain the prospective energy saving effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of existing building reducing energy consumption, the sunykatuib analysis that quantizes experiment, promptly by the analysis mode technology that quantizes, carry out existing building internal and external environment simulation test, energy consumption to existing building accurately detects, and definite its energy consumption source, thereby the analytical approach that quantizes to the reducing energy consumption of existing building effectively improve and perfect belongs to civil construction project, computer science and technology field.
Background technology
Environmental problem causes the public's height concern once again recently, and the cry of " energy-saving and emission-reduction " is more and more higher.Without any the existing building of conservation measures, its energy consumption waste is very serious in a large number.Find out thus and reduce the existing building energy consumption, the research of strengthening its energy saving retrofit technology is for energy-saving and emission-reduction, the very important effect of preserving the ecological environment.
Along with popularizing and development of computer technology, in the building energy conservation engineering, adopt the simulation technology that quantizes greatly to promote the technology and the management development of energy conservation, thereby promoting the continuous progress and the development of building energy conservation.The digitalized artificial analogue technique starts from 1974 in the application of building energy conservation, in recent years, along with digitizing technique is progressively ripe, infiltration to building energy conservation is more deep, and this method selects for use CFD (the Computational Fluid Dynamics) cfdrc-Fluent Air-pak that is specifically designed to the building ventilation analysis based on the finite volume method that wind field is analyzed.Air-pak software can be simulated the problems such as air flow, air quality, heat transfer, pollution and comfort level of ventilating system exactly.The use of Air-pak can improve design means, reduces the design risk, reduce cost; And then utilization Ecotect ecotecture great master carries out the detection of light, heat and acoustic environment, Ecotect is an overall technology performance evaluation Autocad, a kind of interactively detection method is provided, as long as simple model of input, but just can provide digitized view, along with going deep into of design, analyze also more and more detailed.ECOTECT can provide many instantaneities to detect, such as changing ground material, the variation that just can compare reflection, reverberation time, room illumination and the internal temperature etc. of sound in the room; Add a fan window, just can see the variation of its caused room thermal effect, room luminous environment etc. at once, even can calculate whole building energy-saving cost of investment.
The numerical analysis of existing building at present mainly is the method in conjunction with the numerical value wind-tunnel, the analog computation of building interior environment and building external environment with computing machine is to observe building wind speed size and its streamline on every side, but shortcoming be rely on calculating personnel's theoretical foundation and in concrete operations to the selection of various influence factors, and can't accurately locate the energy consumption point that building can be carried out reducing energy consumption.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to use CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) cfdrc to calculate building ventilation, using Ecotect ecotecture great master to calculate building photo-thermal energy consumption harmony again pollutes, after the digitized simulation that carries out the existing building reducing energy consumption is analyzed, take into account ventilation, luminous environment and the acoustic environment of building and transform.
This patent is with the energy-conserving reconstruction method that solves the simulation existing building, because multiple energy-conservation means assembling existing building is just used in traditional reducing energy consumption isolatedly, do not consider contradiction that occurs between each power-saving technology and the energy-saving efficiency that repeats whether can reduce existing building, this patent will be simulated each room in advance by method for computer simulation exactly, draw the power-saving technology that the most suitable each room needs apply to then, greatly reduce building cost.
This method technical scheme is, a kind of analytical approach that quantizes of existing building being carried out reducing energy consumption, it to the effect that in computing machine, build in proportion model according to existing building, utilize the digitized simulation technology to build the analog computation of internal and external environment, express the existing energy consumption situation of existing building intuitively, such simulation has been arranged, just can be by changing different reducing energy consumption modes, mouse out the reducing energy consumption scheme of existing building the best, thereby make the reducing energy consumption of existing building more perfect.
Concrete method step is:
1. before simulation, to determine to cause in the geographical environment at simulated object place the factor of maximum energy consumption earlier, if wind speed flows faster under the local extreme climate, and building energy consumption mainly is to come under the bad situation of ventilation of room, carry out CFD earlier and simulate and improve ventilation, carry out Ecotect ecotecture great master again and simulate and improve daylighting.Cause temperature too high or overheated if instead local wind speed is lower owing to solar radiation, then carry out the CFD simulation again with Ecotect simulation improvement building energy conservation earlier and determine that the energy-saving scheme of existing building is (if environment is overheated, wind speed is low excessively, wind itself is exactly thermal source, and good ventilation is unfavorable for reducing room temperature on the contrary).Suppose that existing building is in the higher but hot environment of wind speed, then existing building and the surrounding enviroment that needs are carried out reducing energy consumption are carried out modeling, in CFD software, set up model (if will build) in three-dimensional aspect of building by public space together with which floor according to the flat elevation drawing of building, arrange the external environment condition parameter and (comprise the environment temperature in the extreme climate at least, wind direction and wind speed, if being arranged, energy-conservation needs can also set up humidity, analog parameters such as blast), utilize the Airpak software simulation building environmental aspect in summer in the city space (CFD simulation for the first time) then;
2. the environment that draws of the simulation by the front scene just can draw ventilation situation (wind speed in the room, the environmental parameter of wind direction and blast) and Temperature Influence in the room aspect of transforming in the building to the data of Influence on Architecture.To consider its residing geographical environment for the transformation of existing building, if the torrid zone will guarantee good ventilation; The frigid zone will guarantee to build closure and come less heat to run off; The temperate zone building both will take into account.
3. after having determined geographic position of living in, room and the function of itself, evaluate the optimal environmental parameter in room of this kind function, the present environmental parameter in room that contrast draws by simulation (environmental parameter of wind speed, wind direction, blast and temperature in the room), if can not satisfy, the resident can reach the comfort level in the room by the means of consumes energy, has also just formed building energy consumption.According to the function in room, can establish each room from the gap that reaches room ecotopia parameter (suitable temperature, humidity etc.) on the one hand, these gaps are listed in the numerical value mode one by one.Because it is inconsistent that each room will meet the requirements of gap, the dynamics of chummery conservation measures is not different yet.In addition, by simulating the energy consumption point that can determine in the room, the energy of understanding a room runs off wherefrom, and it is carried out suitable energy-efficient treatment.The existing building that integration digitized simulation software is moused out can carry out the optimal parameter of the energy-conservation energy consumption point that reproduces, and then these energy consumption character is positioned, and utilization specifically can realize the energy-conservation means that each room cuts down the consumption of energy.Now the higher room of temperature is increased the size that punches with inner public space, its position that punches is a foundation with the energy consumption point.If the dormer window on the door opening is stuffy summer, it is warming and can't heat build-up to should be material winter, has formed the energy consumption source, without hesitation window frame and glass is removed, together reconstruct into the shutter board of heat insulating ability with the hole of newly opening previously, thereby the ventilation of freely controlling in the Various Seasonal realizes energy-conservation.Other energy-conservation facility perhaps can be set, as far as possible the too much heat in inside be discharged in the public space.Be difficult to realize that for some the room of reducing energy consumption can consider to change the language function in room itself.
4. being used in the computing machine of these energy-conservation means simulated (CFD simulation for the second time), test itself and the gap that produces a desired effect, and the maximum energy-saving method that can reach equal energy-conservation means but can improvement cost is set, so just can ventilate and carry out final determining scheme, afterwards (CFD simulation is for the third time simulated in the room of having transformed again, can omit), tentatively transformed environmental parameter between back room, check whether integral body has realized building energy conservation.
5. current room is carried out the simulation of winter environment, because the wind direction in winter can change to some extent, so reset the current environment parameter, to simulation (the 4th CFD simulation) through carry out extreme climate in winter for the model of transforming that satisfies the ventilation in summer, its step is roughly consistent to step 5 with preceding step 1, be energy-conservation be measure reduce to ventilate and to strengthen building warming, if the conservation measures meeting in winter influence is for satisfying the conservation measures of taking summer, will get and have substituting scheme and take into account the energy-conservation of summer in winter simultaneously, if can not replace, (this energy consumption is can form in the scope of influence by current reducing energy consumption then will to consider to consume maximum energy in which season by current existing building place environment, the energy consumption that does not comprise other daily lifes), just get the conservation measures that helps environment in this in season, has finally formed the ventilation scheme of overlapping (also exist in the step the 5th time and the 6th CFD simulates).
6.CFD carrying out Ecotect after analyzing analyzes, this software is mainly used in and improves room luminous environment and heat radiation environment, according to the improved model moulding of CFD, in Ecotect, carry out simple modeling (CFD model and Ecotect can not mutual conductance) again, and import the locality sun angle in summer, analyze carrying out natural lighting (draw after the simulation and comprise daylighting and 2 environmental parameters of heat radiation) in the room (Ecotect simulation for the first time).
7. can know by the Ecotect simulation and see the influence of light and heat the room, these parameters have been arranged, the architect just can carry out energy-efficient treatment, such as better distinguish some catoptrical systems of processing at light, under the situation that does not influence the people the place of photoconduction insufficient light in the room, for the public space of daylighting difference can lay the skylight or lay light floor tile, carpet (if having laid under the situation of dark floor tile) increases room light.Owing to be summer, in building energy-saving renovation, may exist and to satisfy daylighting again because of directly accepting the overheated zone of optical radiation, can lay light color but the carpet or the tablecloth of heat resistanceheat resistant radiation are lowered the temperature and (done like this and can make things convenient for carpet and the tablecloth of changing high heat conduction in the winter time, easy to operate and effectively utilize the heat radiation in winter), again carry out Ecotect and simulate daylighting and thermal-radiating improvement situation (Ecotect simulation for the second time) between observation cabin, if being arranged, weak point can set up the new leaded light and the conservation measures of heat resistanceheat resistant, (the Ecotect simulation for the third time of simulation once more, can omit), the conservation measures scheme when anterior layer just has been completed into like this.
8. the notion with step 6 is consistent, again simulate winter sunlight on daylighting in the summer energy-saving scheme basis to the influence of existing building having to satisfy, just to change over the conservation measures of heat resistanceheat resistant radiation here and should satisfy daylighting, the measure of absorptive thermal radiation again, simulation steps similar to step 8 (having the 4th time to the 6th time Ecotect simulation) has finally formed a cover from ventilating to the energy-saving scheme of daylighting to existing building.
9. use with quadrat method and carry out computing and reducing energy consumption from step 1 to step 8 to building other layers, the reducing energy consumption scheme of such existing building that is equipped with entirely a cover has been finished.
Annotate: because existing building structure and environment are finalized the design, so the conservation measures of all can not destroy structure originally, if historical preserved building can not change the moulding (can not lean on newly-increased window opening of external facade or change window opening size and position to satisfy ventilates) of outer facade.
The residing environment of existing building has also determined the details and omissions situation of simulation steps, if torrid areas, winter temperature just in time and wind direction consistent with summer, the then simulation that in CFD, only needs an extreme season, and in the daylighting since winter with summer the sun lighting angle different (summer from south to north, winter is by north orientation south) all want the Ecotect simulation 2 seasons, the conservation measures of just taking is all based on radioresistance.Same existing building is in the frigid zone, be all only simulate among the CFD or among the Ecotect one time winter situation, conservation measures is a target with insulation and poly-sun heat radiation.
The art of this patent is intended to reduce the building energy conservation cost, makes the utilization of power-saving technology according to the difference of actual conditions and difference, so just can save the cost of a building energy conservation widely, handles the energy-saving scheme of existing building more rationally.
Characteristics of the present invention and advantage:
1. many for the flow field problem independent variable, the geometric configuration of computational fields and boundary condition complexity are difficult to try to achieve the problem of analytic solution, and CFD then might find out the numerical solution that satisfies requirement of engineering.Because CFD adaptability is strong, wide application, can carry out various numerical experimentations by CFD.
2.ECOTECT modeling and the environment geometrical body model that can handle any complexity to the function of model influence.ECOTECT provides visually and interactively useful feedback information to the deviser, and except standardized chart-information report, result of calculation can also directly show on building surface and space, makes the architect can understand and show the building performance performance.CFD combines with Ecotect ecotecture great master can carry out efficient, economic comprehensive statistics.Thereby shorten the project construction cycle, save a large amount of material resources and financial resources.
3. this analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption can intuitively reflect energy-saving effect, and by the computer simulation calculation, the architect can understand each room need arrive the required ecological technique that uses of expection energy-saving effect.
Description of drawings
To embodiments of the invention and in conjunction with the description of its accompanying drawing, can further understand purpose of the present invention, specific structural features and advantage by following.Wherein, accompanying drawing is:
Fig. 1 is the analytical procedure that quantizes of existing building reducing energy consumption;
Fig. 2 is the front elevation view of existing building;
Fig. 3 is one deck planimetric map of existing building;
Fig. 4 is the elevation drawing that cuts open of existing building;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram that the type of thermal communication in southern room is crossed northern corridor.
Embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of existing building reducing energy consumption, simulated experiment quantizes, promptly by CFD and the Ecotect analogue technique that quantizes, carry out existing building internal environment simulation test, energy consumption to existing building accurately detects, and determine its energy consumption source, thereby the detection method that quantizes (Fig. 1) that the reducing energy consumption of existing building be effectively improve and perfect.
1. this programme is a case with the reducing energy consumption of thinking the good fortune hall, and Si Futang is a building of the outstanding historical building of 35 building city-levels in the Shanghai University of Science and Technology, therefore on the basis of old building being protected and being repaired, full of beard good fortune hall is carried out new reducing energy consumption.According to the situation of the existing planimetric map of existing building, elevation drawing, sectional view data and periphery, in FluentAir-pak software, carry out the foundation (Fig. 2,3,4) of existing building ground floor and the required model of surrounding enviroment.After modelling to be built is finished in software, utilize the environmental aspect in summer of software simulation existing building inside.
2. the ventilation situation of display simulation existing building belongs to office type building owing to think the good fortune hall, requires good air permeability, and middle the corridor of building itself is because the four sides opening ventilates better but south and northern ventilation of room and incomplete ideal.
3. unimpeded to the leeward ventilation of room in building room body of wall opening holes, especially north side.Because this building has historical reserve value, can not change outside window opening shape, to improve the ventilation of inner space in addition, the door opening of side room, north and south interior wall is offered end face under the situation of not destroying structure, all set up blinds ventilating board control on the top of room, north and south door and ventilate, shutter board requires can maximum keep heat (Fig. 5) after closing closing.
4. punch according to modification scheme modeling again, the model of shutter board also will be arranged except the hole of newly opening, and it is adjusted into opening, carry out the CFD simulation second time for the scheme of new transformation.Find to ventilate and be improved in the simulation back, temperature descends slightly, but in having influence on people's zone, some also exist some thermals source, therefore in inner heat build-up but the not smooth place that ventilates offers exhaust fan (in the CFD modeling can by add wind regime simulation ventilating fan in model inside, room), carry out CFD simulation for the third time, the discovery scheme has had improvement.
5. change external environment condition, it is adjusted into winter, again calculate the energy consumption source (the 4th CFD simulation) of building interior, find under the influence of northwester by simulation, because northern room window opening is excessive, cause temperature leak, thus the window in northern room is installed into double glazing, and reinforce the warming measure of door opening in each room.The ventilating fan mouth become the energy consumption source for satisfying the ventilating fan of offering that ventilates summer in addition, so will be installed the outflow that door-plate to be opened/closed stops heat.Though installing the hole of shutter board closes, but still be the energy consumption source, can be to attaching the warming overlayer of one deck between the shutter board, alternately spaced slot is arranged the place at plate and plate, edges of boards are added the rubber material block the slit, carry out the 5th CFD simulation, find that the building thermal property improves greatly, switch to summer environment again, shutter board is opened, and opened ventilating fan, whether the transformation of confirming winter environment influences building ventilation in the summer environment to meeting, the warming layer of finding shutter board by simulation has increased its thickness, affects the ventilation in summer, warming layer can be changed into the removable big warming layer of monoblock type, its size is consistent with the hole, take away summer, installs up winter and block the hole, so just finally establishes out the reasonable building ventilation scheme.
6. be reference according to the transformed scheme model of CFD, in Ecotect, rebulid model, and import the Shanghai sun angle in summer, carrying out daylighting analysis (Ecotect simulation for the first time) in the room.
7. after having calculated, see southern room because to light, daylighting is better, but heat radiation has also increased (this is favourable in the winter time) accordingly, northern room is backlight, does not have heat radiation.So manage to increase the daylighting of northern room, make the heat radiation in southern room become and to control.It is fairly simple to control thermal-radiating measure, can lay the carpet (utilizing thermal-radiating temperature thereby conveniently and in the winter time carpet is taken away) of light color and heat resistanceheat resistant radiation in sunlight direct projection in summer to the zone in room.Reflective stronger large tracts of land material can be arranged in northern room around windowsill, the but slightly reflective carpet material of light color (reflective can destroy the euphorosia degree too by force) will be laid in the floor, again compare before simulating (for the second time Ecotect simulation) afterwards and transforming, also must best in daylighting in summer and the thermal-radiating scheme of control.
8. improved building is carried out the simulation of winter environment, get the Shanghai sun angle in winter, (has only carried out twice the front to carry out Ecotect simulation for the third time, dispensed simulation) to the final typing of daylighting in summer, because light source direction basically identical, just sun angle of inclination changes to some extent, so daylighting is satisfied substantially, only the carpet of script heat resistanceheat resistant radiation need be taken away, the carpet that makes absorptive thermal radiation into makes full use of sunlight, because sun pitch angle is bigger, this type of carpet area is bigger than the area of radioresistance carpet in summer.Modification scheme has just been finished and (need do not carried out the 4th Ecotect simulation like this, because the area, Shanghai is original just better than the summer in the situation daylighting in following winter that not blocked by buildings, tall and big building shelter is not wanted in this building southern side, has been to have adopted maximum conservation measures for thermal-radiating utilization).
9. set up in CFD afterwards and think good fortune hall two layer planes, repeating step 1-8 draws each the most effective energy-saving scheme in plane up to three layers of building, and they are combined is exactly the final energy-saving scheme of whole existing building.
The architect is when carrying out the existing building energy-saving design, often on the basis of not destroying the existing building load-carrying members, carry out energy-saving design, have no way of doing it so when transforming, seem, this method is exactly to utilize the digitalized artificial analogue technique that the energy consumption point under each situation of existing building is comprehensively detected, and finally obtains building best building energy-saving renovation scheme.
Claims (8)
1. analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption is characterized in that comprising and utilizes building ventilation adaptation step that cfdrc carries out and the building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step of utilizing Ecotect ecotecture great master software to carry out.
2. the analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described cfdrc is Airpak.
3. the analytical approach that quantizes of existing building being carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described building ventilation adaptation step and described building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step proceed step by step, and determine to carry out the order of described building ventilation adaptation step and described building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step according to building place Urban Space Environment situation and building energy consumption situation.
4. the analytical approach that quantizes of existing building being carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described building ventilation adaptation step comprises: (1) utilizes cfdrc that needs are carried out the existing building of reducing energy consumption or the modification scheme of the described building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step acquisition of process carries out modeling, and simulant building place Urban Space Environment situation reaches the influence to each room in building, acquisition present environmental parameter in room and room energy consumption point;
(2) determine room ecotopia parameter according to the function in each room, the present environmental parameter in described room is compared with corresponding room ecotopia parameter, obtain the environmental parameter difference, according to described environmental parameter difference and described room energy consumption point, utilize the energy-conservation means of improving ventilation or keeping room temperature that the room is transformed.
5. the analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described building ventilation adaptation step can repeatedly repeat according to the difference of energy-conservation means and Urban Space Environment situation.
6. the analytical approach that quantizes of existing building being carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step comprises: (1) utilizes Ecotect ecotecture great master software that needs are carried out the existing building of reducing energy consumption or the modification scheme of the described building ventilation adaptation step acquisition of process carries out modeling, and simulation daylighting and heat radiation are to the situation that influences of model;
(2) determine room ecotopia parameter according to the function in each room, the present environmental parameter in described room is compared with corresponding room ecotopia parameter, obtain the environmental parameter difference, according to described environmental parameter difference and described room energy consumption point, utilization improves daylighting and adjusts thermal-radiating energy-conservation means the room is transformed.
7. the analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described building photo-thermal energy consumption adaptation step can repeatedly repeat according to the difference of energy-conservation means and Urban Space Environment situation.
8. as any described analytical approach that quantizes that existing building is carried out reducing energy consumption in the claim 4 to 7, it is characterized in that described modeling is that the branch floor carries out.
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| CN104133938A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-11-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Severe cold area office building external window geometric parameter optimization method based on heating energy consumption consideration |
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| CN102561533A (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2012-07-11 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for determining thickness of exterior wall insulation material |
| CN103593530B (en) * | 2013-11-15 | 2016-05-04 | 中国建筑东北设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of integrated approach that adopts digital simulation to carry out energy saving building design |
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| CN104133938B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of severe cold area office building exterior window geometric Parameters Optimization method considered based on heating energy consumption |
| CN104133939B (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2015-12-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The open working space Natural Ventilate in a kind of severe cold area |
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| CN114819766B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-05-12 | 四川省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Batch diagnosis method, energy-saving method and system for office building operation performance |
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