CN1035934A - " solar-energy ecological system " aquatic livestock overwintering technology - Google Patents
" solar-energy ecological system " aquatic livestock overwintering technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN1035934A CN1035934A CN89105219A CN89105219A CN1035934A CN 1035934 A CN1035934 A CN 1035934A CN 89105219 A CN89105219 A CN 89105219A CN 89105219 A CN89105219 A CN 89105219A CN 1035934 A CN1035934 A CN 1035934A
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- solar
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of solar-energy ecological is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, belongs to technical field of aquaculture, particularly the over wintering technology of aquatic livestock.It is to build the solar energy sea water pond in the leeward place that faces south, sets up plastic tunnel on it, by phytoplankton density in the water of control pond, adjusts the transparency of water, controls aquatic livestock (prawn) the required low light of phase of surviving the winter and shines; Adopt the moving water of moving water mechanical enhancement, adjust heat, oxygen distribution, and the control daily ration, feeding quantity, the aquatic livestock safe overwintering guaranteed.The present invention is simpler than prior art facility, small investment, and safety is without fuel, and cost is low, and is good in economic efficiency.
Description
The invention belongs to the aquaculture of aquatic animal technical field, particularly the overwintering technology of aquatic livestock.
Prawn, Mullet fish, river Puffer, swimming crab etc. all are precious aquatic livestock kinds, are valuable aquatic livestock resources.Along with the development of propagating industry artificially, the coastal and salt water lake in the temperate zone particularly for the parent of breeding seed, and is improved and is cultured specification, and the winter issue of these aquatic livestocks more and more causes people's attention.The aquatic livestock of prior art survives the winter, and generally all is to carry out in modern moist closet.For example: the prawn relative shrimp overwintering, need control illumination with the shady deal shading with boiler or electrical heat tracing water, the timing start-up blowing aeration, the medical treatment disease, the general throwing abundance of food is higher than requirement, also needs regularly blowdown.The wintering method of this aquatic livestock, technology and facility complexity, the investment cost height wastes energy, and economic benefit is low, and inconvenient penetration and promotion is used.
Task of the present invention is the above-mentioned shortcoming that overcomes existing aquatic livestock overwintering technology, is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology and a kind of solar-energy ecological is provided.
Technical scheme main points of the present invention are: build sea pond, set up the transparent plastic booth on it; The density of phytoplankton in the control sea pond; Adopt the moving water oxygenation of submersible pump, improve bottom water temperature; The control daily ration, feeding quantity.Bring up a good aquatic livestock winter ecology system, make it safe overwintering.
Following substep describes technical scheme of the present invention in detail:
One, the construction in solar energy sea water pond:
Select the leeward place that faces south, if there is not leeward condition, windproof barrier can be set, the excavation soil is as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3.Tu Chi is the rectangle pond of east-west direction layout preferably, also can utilize former breed pond transformation, grouts with brick or stone all around, can handle by general waterproofing work.Pool wall 1 is above ground level slightly, prevents that rainwater from flowing into.The area of Tu Chi is greater than 40 square metres, and preferably less than 1 mu, for ease of building and management, native pool area is comparatively suitable with 100-400 square metre; The pond is dark more than 1.5 meters, generally can be at 2-3 rice; Build up domatic, a low end at the bottom of the pond and establish a gate 7, logical collecting pit 6; After cleaning was soaked, it was husky to repave one deck cleaning, changes its pool bottom environment, is convenient to aquatic livestock and perches at the bottom of the pond.A high-wall 5 is established in the north side of Tu Chi, and embrasure is all established in the thing both sides, embrasure the North and the north side high-wall is contour joins, and the south is above ground level slightly, and is corresponding with pool wall 1.Uniform some concrete columns 2 in the pond, concrete column top all are on the plane that thing wall two inclined-planes are determined, the horizontal purlin 3 of thing is set up on top, the fixing lumps of wood bar 4 of North and South direction on the purlin, and full pond is sealed with transparent plastic film.The set high-wall in the north side of Tu Chi leaves pool wall, stays a walkway, and an end is opened a wicket 8, so that enter the bait throwing in management.After Tu Chi builds up, fill the seawater through filtering, then the solar energy sea water pond is built up.
Fig. 1 is the plane in solar energy sea water pond.
Fig. 2 is an A-A profile among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a B-B profile among Fig. 1.
Two, the density of phytoplankton in the control sea pond:
The pond maritime interior waters is under the insulation effect of sunray irradiation and hot house, and water temperature rises and remains on the aquatic livestock during Wintering Period can be with in the temperature range of growing. Simultaneously, also constantly breeding growth of the phytoplankton in the water. The density of phytoplankton is mainly manifested in the water colour aspect. Various aquatic livestocks all need the illumination condition of certain limit, and illumination all is unfavorable for growing of aquatic livestock too by force or too. The present invention utilizes the density of control phytoplankton to control and guarantee aquatic livestock during Wintering Period low light photograph. For example prawn can be controlled at phytoplankton in the water in 10,000-200,000 cells/ml scopes, and is comparatively suitable with 20,000-100,000 cells/ml, forms water colour, can guarantee that the low light of prawn during Wintering Period shines. When phytoplankton density is too high, can in the pond, emit the part seawater, replenish again the suitable fresh seawater of portion temperature; When phytoplankton density is excessively low, in the time of can not guaranteeing that prawn during Wintering Period low light shines, also can emit the part seawater, fill into again the high seawater inoculation of part phytoplankton density, to adjust the density of phytoplankton in the control seawater pond.
Three, adopt the moving water of submersible pump:
Static seawater in the solar energy sea water pond, daytime upper strata temperature height, phytoplankton is made oxygen, the dissolved oxygen abundance, near-bottom temperature is low, dissolved oxygen lacks, and heat, oxygen lamination occur. And to night, top layer heat energy scatters and disappears easily. When skin temperature is higher at noon, adopt moving water machinery, such as moving water such as submersible pump, aerators, adjust Chi Zhongre, oxygen distribution, improve bottom water temperature, increase the oxygen content in the water of whole ponds, reduce the heat energy dissipation at night, heat energy accumulation is provided, guarantees that aquatic livestock has suitable temperature and dissolved oxygen at bottom.
Four, control daily ration, feeding quantity:
When entering winter, the nature seawater temperature is low excessively, in the time of can not adapting to the aquatic livestock life, aquatic livestock is put into the solar energy sea water pond, and bait throwing in is fed.With the prawn is example, coastal in the north latitude 35.5 degree left and right sides, and in 11 months, the last ten-days period, the nature seawater temperature can not adapt to its life, at this moment the prawn that survives the winter of selecting and remain can be put into the solar energy sea water pond.Prawn is little in the phase metabolism amount of surviving the winter, and daily ration, feeding quantity is too much, on the one hand Chi Shui is polluted, and increases oxygen demand, reduces the level of dissolved oxygen.Cause the waste of bait simultaneously.Thereby daily ration, feeding quantity should be a little less than requirement, generally is controlled at the 1/2-2/3 comparatively suitable of existing daily ration, feeding quantity, can satisfy the normal development of prawn fully, guarantees its safe overwintering.
The pond maritime interior waters is under the insulation effect of solar irradiation and transparent plastic booth, ocean temperature rises to the temperature required scope of aquatic livestock, phytoplankton breeding growth, ight soil that aquatic livestock is discharged and harmful substance are absorbed and used as the fertilizer of phytoplankton, and the oxygen that phytoplankton is made by photosynthesis, the product animal of supplying water again utilizes; Simultaneously, phytoplankton forms water colour, provides low light according to condition for prawn survives the winter, and this has just brought up a good solar-energy ecological system, feeds by bait throwing in, makes the aquatic livestock safe overwintering.
Utilize solar-energy ecological of the present invention system to survive the winter behind the prawn, also can in this pond, carry out prawn early seedling cultivate, this is the shrimp raising technology measure of wideling popularize at present.After the temperature rises naturally, prawn early seedling went out the pond, removes plastic tunnel, can be used as again to culture the pond use.So a pond three usefulness in 1 year, can be accomplished in this solar energy sea water pond, fully improve the pond availability, increase economic efficiency.
In order to improve the density of surviving the winter of ecosystem aquatic livestock of the present invention, also can attachedly build one " low-solids water solar pond " (seeing " low-solids water solar pond aquatic livestock overwintering technology " that the inventor applies for the same period), stock the thermophilic water of oxygen abundance, at severe winter, carry out a large amount of water body exchanges with the solar energy sea water pond, fresh thermophilic seawater is provided.
Solar-energy ecological of the present invention is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, than existing modernized moist closet overwintering technology, saving equipment and raw material, a large amount of capital expenditures of saving, utilize solar energy that thermal source is provided fully,, avoid environmental pollution without fuel, technical matters is easy, the aquatic livestock physique stalwartness of surviving the winter, egg laying amount and incubation rate height, pond and existing equipment availability height, cost is low, and is easy to utilize.
Embodiment: the inventor survives the winter year at 1987-1988, has carried out the prawn experiment of surviving the winter.Build up one in long 19.3 meters, wide 12.9 meters, dark 2 meters solar energy sea water pond, fill it up with seawater with the filtration of 80 eye mesh screens, two submersible pumps are installed, late November is put into female shrimp 1391 tails, male shrimp 393 tails are bait with live clam worm and variegated clam meat, and daily ration, feeding quantity is half of prior art, cold weather pool inner water temperature is generally at 7-9 ℃, and phytoplankton density generally remains on 3-7 ten thousand cells/ml.Discharged water on March 20th, 1988 and receive shrimp, parent shrimp survival rate reaches 70%, the shrimp seedling of its breeding, formed the prawn of big specification in 1988, be used to give over to close shrimp again, be invested in 6000 tails in 500 square metres the solar energy sea water pond on November 20, daily inspection in January 6 in 1989, parent's shrimp survival rate is nearly 90%, grows normal.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of solar-energy ecological is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, comprises building the pond and bait throwing in is fed, it is characterized in that leeward area without shade build an area greater than 40 square metres, deeply greater than 1.5 meters sea pond, set up the transparent plastic booth on top, guarantee water temperature; Control and guarantee that aquatic livestock (as prawn) the required low light of phase of surviving the winter shines by phytoplankton density in the control sea pond; When skin temperature is higher, adopt the moving water of moving water mechanical enhancement; Need the bait throwing in of bait amount to feed to be lower than aquatic livestock slightly.
2, solar-energy ecological according to claim 1 is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology.It is characterized in that said solar energy sea water pond, area is 100-400 square metre, dark 2-3 rice.
3, solar-energy ecological according to claim 1 is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, it is characterized in that said solar energy sea water pond, and it is husky that Qi Chidi is covered with one deck cleaning.
4, solar-energy ecological according to claim 1 is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, it is characterized in that said leeward be windproof barrier to be set on the sunny side in the north side in solar energy sea water pond.
5, solar-energy ecological according to claim 1 is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, it is characterized in that said plastic tunnel is from the inclined-plane in north orientation south plastic tunnel.
6, be the aquatic livestock overwintering technology according to the said solar-energy ecological of claim 1, the density that it is characterized in that phytoplankton in the said control sea pond is by changing water adjustment control.
7, solar-energy ecological according to claim 1 is the aquatic livestock overwintering technology, it is characterized in that said daily ration, feeding quantity is 1/2-2/3 of a prior art daily ration, feeding quantity.
8, be the aquatic livestock overwintering technology according to the described solar-energy ecological of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that near auxilliary " the low-solids water solar pond " that the thermophilic fresh seawater is provided to the sea pond of surviving the winter that be provided with of said sea pond.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89105219A CN1011379B (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Technique for aquatic animals living through winter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89105219A CN1011379B (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Technique for aquatic animals living through winter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1035934A true CN1035934A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
| CN1011379B CN1011379B (en) | 1991-01-30 |
Family
ID=4855987
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89105219A Expired CN1011379B (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1989-01-24 | Technique for aquatic animals living through winter |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1011379B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100382682C (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2008-04-23 | 曹金龙 | Solar cell integrated heat supply type method for marine organism overwintering and seedling nursing |
| CN102440210A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-05-09 | 华南师范大学 | Durable aquatic product over-winter shed with concrete galvanized pipe ropes |
| CN109548719A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Portunus trituberculatus Miers, Fugu rubripes and Ruditapes philippinarum mixing overwintering cultivation method |
| CN110651744A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-07 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Artificial overwintering farm site selection and construction method for plateau fishes |
| CN112544544A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 棠香铁山(重庆)智慧农业科技有限公司 | Anti-season crayfish breeding system and control method |
-
1989
- 1989-01-24 CN CN89105219A patent/CN1011379B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100382682C (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2008-04-23 | 曹金龙 | Solar cell integrated heat supply type method for marine organism overwintering and seedling nursing |
| CN102440210A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-05-09 | 华南师范大学 | Durable aquatic product over-winter shed with concrete galvanized pipe ropes |
| CN102440210B (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2015-01-28 | 华南师范大学 | Durable aquatic product over-winter shed with concrete galvanized pipe ropes |
| CN109548719A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Portunus trituberculatus Miers, Fugu rubripes and Ruditapes philippinarum mixing overwintering cultivation method |
| CN110651744A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-07 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Artificial overwintering farm site selection and construction method for plateau fishes |
| CN110651744B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-23 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Artificial overwintering farm site selection and construction method for plateau fishes |
| CN112544544A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 棠香铁山(重庆)智慧农业科技有限公司 | Anti-season crayfish breeding system and control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1011379B (en) | 1991-01-30 |
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