CN103583994A - 一种采用蒸汽爆破熟化全谷玉米片及其生产方法 - Google Patents
一种采用蒸汽爆破熟化全谷玉米片及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L7/139—Individual or non-extruded flakes, granules or shapes having similar size, e.g. breakfast cereals made from wholegrain or grain pieces without preparation of meal or dough
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
一种全谷玉米片的生产方法,属于谷物加工技术领域。本发明采用蒸汽爆破技术和淀粉老化技术生产全谷玉米片。该方法包括步骤:(1)将清理后的玉米颗粒用清水浸泡,然后加入汽爆缸中,汽爆熟化;(2)放入高温冷库内老化;(3)送入压片机中压片,烘干、冷却、包装既得全谷玉米片。本发明的优点在于采用蒸汽爆破技术熟化玉米原料,采用老化技术提高抗消化淀粉含量,产品含有较高水平的抗消化淀粉,且酚类、黄酮类等营养保健物质的利用率大大提高,特别适合糖尿病、心血管疾病患者食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及谷物加工技术领域,特别涉及一种采用蒸汽爆破熟化全谷玉米片及其生产方法。
背景技术
玉米已成为深受欢迎的一种粮食作物,含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、矿物质、维生素等人体所需的营养成分,还含有大量的营养保健物质,如胡萝卜素、核黄素、抗癌因子谷胱甘肽和高F寡肽等,对预防心脏病、癌症等疾病有很大的益处。
流行病学调查发现饮食过于精细而膳食纤维摄入不足是造成糖尿病、心血管疾病、肥胖等疾病的直接或间接原因。全谷食品中富含抗氧化成分、矿物质和膳食纤维,长期食用全谷物食品有助于预防糖尿病、心脏病、胃肠癌等疾病。
蒸汽爆破技术是近年来发展迅速的一种生物质资源转换的预处理方法,以高温蒸汽渗入植物组织内部,充注可爆发的压缩汽体能,并使其在短时间爆炸释放,从而达到从分子水平上打破大分子晶格的效果,对原料的物理结构和化学组成有极大的重构作用,已被逐渐应用于天然产物研究领域。
目前玉米片的生产工艺一般均采用将玉米原料清洗、浸泡后用蒸汽蒸熟,然后进行压片、干燥、冷却、包装。生产出的玉米片口感较差且玉米中营养成分利用率低。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种全谷玉米片的生产方法,采用该方法生产的的全谷玉米片含有较高水平的抗消化淀粉,且酚类、黄酮类等营养保健物质的利用率大大提高。
本发明的技术方案:一种全谷玉米片的生产方法,其特征在于:
(1)蒸汽爆破熟化:将清理后的玉米颗粒用清水浸泡,使其水分含量达到50%~55%。将浸泡后的玉米颗粒加入汽爆缸中,通入高温饱和蒸汽使缸内温度至180℃(压力为0.9MPa)并维持80s,打开气动阀门(阀门打开时间为0.00875s),收集腔内喷出的物料即为蒸汽爆破后的玉米。
(2)老化处理:将步骤(1)所得产物冷却至室温,放入高温冷库内,4℃条件下老化12h。
(3)压片:将步骤(2)所得产物送入压片机中压片,经烘干机干燥后使玉米片水分含量保持在6%~8%,冷却、包装既得全谷玉米片。
本发明的有益效果:本发明采用蒸汽爆破技术熟化玉米原料,释放玉米中酚类、黄酮等营养物质,采用淀粉老化技术提高抗消化淀粉含量,产品含有较高水平的抗消化淀粉,且酚类、黄酮类等营养保健物质的利用率大大提高,特别适合糖尿病、心血管疾病患者食用。
具体实施方式
实施例1
(1)蒸汽爆破熟化:将经除石、土、金属等杂质清理后的玉米颗粒用清水浸泡,使其水分含量达到50%~55%。将浸泡后的玉米颗粒加入汽爆缸中,合上盖,将高温饱和蒸汽通入汽爆缸使缸内饱和蒸汽温度至180℃(压力为0.9MPa)并维持80s,维压结束后打开气动阀门(阀门打开时间为0.00875s),瞬间泄压的同时完成物料的爆破,收集腔内喷出的物料即为蒸汽爆破后的玉米。
(2)老化处理:将步骤(1)所得产物缓慢冷却至室温,放入高温冷库内,4℃条件下老化12h。
(3)压片:将步骤(2)所得产物送入压片机中压成0.3~0.5mm厚的薄片,经烘干机干燥后使玉米片水分含量保持在6%~8%,冷却、包装既得全谷玉米片。
实施例2
抗消化淀粉含量的测定:
称取10mg淀粉,加入缓冲液,调pH1.5,加入胃蛋白酶溶液1mL,40℃恒温60min,冷却至室温,调pH6.0~7.0,加入猪胰α-淀粉酶溶液2mL,37℃恒温30min,冷却,调pH值4.75,加入葡萄糖淀粉酶溶液2mL,60℃恒温60min,冷却,离心,弃去上清液。将沉淀物完全溶解于4MKOH溶液中,用HCl溶液中和,加入葡萄糖淀粉酶溶液2mL,60℃恒温60min,冷却,离心,收集上清液,用蒸馏水定容至100mL,用3,5-二硝基水杨酸法测还原糖,乘以0.9,即为抗消化淀粉含量。
实施例3
总酚含量的测定:
采用福林试剂还原分光光度法进行测定。标准曲线制作:准确吸取100μg/mL没食子酸标准液0、0.05、0.10、0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50mL分别于25mL比色管中,加水稀释至6.0mL,0.5-8min内各加入福林试剂0.5mL和20%Na2CO3水溶液1.5mL,用水稀释至10mL,试管在4℃水浴上加热30min,迅速冷却(冰浴),以零管为空白,用1cm的比色杯,在765nm的波长处测定吸光度。以吸收度为纵坐标、浓度为横坐标绘制标准曲线。样品测定:准确吸取消化液0.1mL于10mL具塞比色管中,按上述方法测定样品总酸含量,并根据没食子酸标准曲线计算总酚含量,结果以没食子酸当量表示,即mg没食子酸/g原料(干基),简写为mgGA/g。
实施例4
总黄酮含量的测定:
测采用硝酸铝-亚硝酸钠分光光度法进行测定。标准曲线制作:准确吸取150μg/mL芦丁标准液0、0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0、4.0mL分别于25mL比色管中,加入30%乙醇溶液稀释至5mL,依次各加5%亚硝酸钠溶液0.3mL,振摇后放置5min,加入10%硝酸铝溶液0.3mL,振摇后放置6min,加入1.0mol/LNaOH溶液4.0mL,30%乙醇溶液稀释至10.0mL,摇勻后放置10min,以零管为空白,摇匀后用1cm的比色杯、在510nm的波长处测定吸光度,以吸收度为纵坐标、浓度为横坐标绘制标准曲线。样品测定:准确吸取消化液1.0mL于25mL比色管中,按上述方法测定样品黄酮含量,并根据芦丁标准曲线计算总黄酮含量,结果以芦丁当量表示,即mg芦丁/g原料(干基),简写为mgRu/100g。
Claims (1)
1.一种全谷玉米片的生产方法,其特征在于:
(1)蒸汽爆破熟化:将清理后的玉米颗粒用清水浸泡,使其水分含量达到50%~55%。将浸泡后的玉米颗粒加入汽爆缸中,通入高温饱和蒸汽使缸内温度至180℃(压力为0.9MPa)并维持80s,打开气动阀门(阀门打开时间为0.00875s),收集腔内喷出的物料即为蒸汽爆破后的玉米。
(2)老化处理:将步骤(1)所得产物冷却至室温,放入高温冷库内,4℃条件下老化12h。
(3)压片:将步骤(2)所得产物送入压片机中压片,经烘干机干燥后使玉米片水分含量保持在6%~8%,冷却、包装既得全谷玉米片。
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