CN103564306B - Refined rice suitable for patients suffering from kidney disease and processing method thereof - Google Patents
Refined rice suitable for patients suffering from kidney disease and processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/104—Fermentation of farinaceous cereal or cereal material; Addition of enzymes or microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a processing method of refined rice suitable for patients suffering from kidney disease. The processing method comprises the following steps: (I) carrying out pretreatment, specifically, soaking the cereal raw material, separating out soaking liquid, crushing and levigating until the particle size is 10-100 meshes; (II) carrying out protease hydrolysis deproteinization; and (III) carrying out dephosphorization: dephosphorizing the cereal raw material subjected to deproteinization in the step (II) by phytase hydrolysis, or addition of yeast for fermentation, or a composite mode of phytase hydrolysis and yeast fermentation, or a composite mode of yeast and lactic acid bacteria microbial fermentation or phytase hydrolysis, yeast and lactic acid bacteria microbial fermentation; separating, cleaning, separating again, drying and crushing; and (IV) performing sieving, mixing, hardening and tempering, preheating, gelatinization, extrusion forming and drying processing on the cereal raw material processed by the step (III) to obtain the refined rice. According to the method provided by the invention, the processes of deproteinization and dephosphorization of the cereal raw material can be finished at a time, the deproteinization rate and the dephosphorization rate are high, and food raw material and products are provided for the patients suffering from kidney disease and other diseases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rice milling again and processing method thereof that a kind of applicable nephropathy patient eats.
Background technology
Protein has important physiological function, is to maintain the integral nutrient of health, is also the most important nutrient that sustains life.But clinical research shows, for nephrotic, the absorption of non-prime protein, can increase the weight of glomerular filtration rate(GFR, increases Urine proteins and urea secretion, causes glomerulosclerosis etc., thus increase the weight of the state of an illness.China take rice as the country of staple food, produces paddy 200,000,000 tons per year, annual directly food grain edible rice and about 1.2 hundred million tons, goods thereof, and every day is 40% being provided by rice of taking in of ability per capita.China's resident's meals are based on grain.In grain, rice and wheat account for the share of the overwhelming majority, and the protein in the cereal such as rice, wheat is all non-good protein.
Clinical research shows, adopts the protein of high-quality to replace non-prime vegetable protein, comprises the corn gluten proteins such as rice, flour, corn, effectively can improve the symptom of nephropathy patient, reduce the index such as serum urea nitrogen, creatinine.In addition, mineral matter and abnormal bone metabolism face one of the greatest danger factor at ESRD MHD (MHD) the survival of patients phase.Most basic reason is Secondary cases hyperphosphatemia, not only brings out SHPT, renal osteodystrophy, is also the independent hazard factor of dialysis patient angiosteosis and heart change simultaneously.Therefore, how effectively controlling serium inorganic phosphorus, slow down calcium and phosphorus metabolism disorder, improve life in patients and extend life cycle, is the key subjects that kidney trouble educational circles faces.Although adopt medication treatment means effectively can reduce serium inorganic phosphorus, the drawback such as poisoning by aluminum, blood calcium rising can be caused, and can because medicine brings liver, kidney burden.In erstricted diet, the content of phosphorus is then the most basic and most effective method.
Ubiquity phytic acid and phytase in the cereal materials cereals grains such as rice, wheat class.Containing phytic acid 1.0 ~ 2.0% in brown rice, wheat class.The chemical name of phytic acid: inositol-6-phosphoric acid.In the processing and edible process of the grains such as rice, wheat class, when employing add water-wet, the process such as modified, the water soaking of adding water time, in the cereal materialses such as brown rice, wheat class, phytase can produce free phosphorus by Hydrolysis of Phytic Acid, especially brown rice and the high wholemeal of gluten content.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides rice milling again and processing method thereof that a kind of applicable nephropathy patient eats, can effectively remove and reduce the albumen of the low biological value in grain, meanwhile, reduce and remove the content of the phosphorus in food material, to the health of nephropathy patient and the treatment of disease significant.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize:
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: by cereal materials soak, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate to particle diameter be 10-100 order, described cereal materials is the mixing of one or more in rice, millet, black rice, milled glutinous broomcorn millet, decortication buckwheat/whole buckwheat, decortication wheat/whole wheat, decortication oat/full oat, decortication highland barley/full highland barley, and wherein rice is polished rice or brown rice;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic takes off albumen: in retort, add pretreated cereal materials in proportion, pure water and protease, the mass ratio of pure water and cereal materials is at 3-10:1, wherein protease consumption is the 0.5%-10% of substrate protein white matter quality, described protease is alkali protease, neutral proteinase, acid protease, pepsin, trypsase, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in ficin, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH2.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 2-10h, be separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.When the enzyme hydrolysis of employing two kinds or more, can be that several enzyme mixes an one-step hydrolysis, also can be the fractional hydrolysis respectively of several enzyme.It should be noted that, if need to reach required protein content, the hydrolysis method of 2 times or multipass can be taked, each enzyme all over hydrolysis can be any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in above-mentioned protease, and in products obtained therefrom, protein content can be low to moderate 0.1% or lower.
The water separated after enzyme hydrolysis, by the ultrafiltration membrane treatment of different molecular interception, reclaims the organic components such as albumen wherein, concentrated, dry, can obtain the protein raw materials of food-grade.
Step 3, dephosphorization: the cereal materials through step 2 deproteinized is adopted phytase hydrolysis or by adding culture propagation or phytase hydrolysis and the mode of culture propagation compound or yeast+lactic acid bacteria microbe ferment or phytase is hydrolyzed and yeast+lactic acid bacteria microbe is compoiste fermented mode carries out dephosphorization, then be separated, clean, be separated again, dry, pulverize, wherein
The step of phytase hydrolysis dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stir, then phytase hydrolysis is used, phytase hydrolysising condition: reaction temperature 30-60 DEG C, enzyme dosage 1000-5000U/Kg raw material, enzymolysis time 30-90min, pH value 4-9, wherein optimum condition is: hydrolysis temperature 37 DEG C, enzyme dosage 3000U/Kg raw material, enzymolysis time 45min, pH value 6.1;
The step of culture propagation dephosphorization is specially:
The cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stirs, add yeast, bacterium number by 10 5 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 20-45 DEG C, reaction time 3-18 hour;
Described yeast is one or more in Candida, Hansenula yeast, Pichia pastoris, torulopsis, candida tropicalis, brewer's yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The step of lactic acid bacteria microbe fermentation dephosphorization is specially:
The cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stirs, add lactic acid bacteria, bacterium number by 10 6 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 25-45 DEG C, reaction time 3-18 hour;
Step 2 and step 3 can be carried out step by step, also can synchronously carry out, and synchronously carry out obtaining good de-albumen and the effect of dephosphorization, and save time.
Step 4: by the cereal materials after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.Wherein, time modified, amount of water is the 15%-50% of raw material weight, preheating and gelatinization divide three sections to process, and temperature is respectively 50-90 DEG C, 80-150 DEG C, 60-130 DEG C, drying can adopt cold wind to dry up, or 50-150 DEG C of heated-air drying, or micro-wave drying, or vacuum drying, or cryogenic freezing vacuum drying.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, soaks in step one and adopts pure water to soak, and expects water quality than being 1:3-10 during immersion.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, adopt pure water to soak when soaking in step one, material water quality than for 1:3-8, cereal through soaking, broken, levigate after, continue to adopt aqueous slkali soaking, alkaline concentration is 0.2%-0.6%, and feed liquid mass ratio is 1:3-10, and temperature is room temperature or 10-60 DEG C, stir 2-6h, then centrifugation goes out soak, clear water washing 1-3 time, and water for cleaning is 3-8 times of raw material weight.Alkali solubility albumen can be removed by aqueous slkali soaking, and then with enzyme hydrolysis, consumption and the processing cost of enzyme can be saved.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, in step 4 compounding process, also add in Turmeric P.E, lentinan, Agaricus Blazei Murrill polysaccharide, LBP-X, Chinese yam polysaccharide, ginkgo biloba extract, kudzu root extract one or more, described extract all adopts the processing method deproteinising of above-mentioned rice milling again, and reduces the content of phosphorus in raw material.The addition of often kind of raw material is the 0.1%-10% of rice milling dry weight again.Said extracted thing is integration of drinking and medicinal herbs raw material, can have auxiliary therapeutic action to ephrosis.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, in step 4 compounding process, can also add dietary fiber and Vegetable powder, dietary fiber addition is the 5%-20% of rice milling dry weight again, and Vegetable powder addition is the 5%-30% of rice milling dry weight again; Dietary fiber, Vegetable powder raw material all require low phosphorus content or through dephosphorization treatment.The same step 3 of the dephosphorization treatment such as dietary fiber, Vegetable powder.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, in step 4 compounding process, can also add good protein, the addition of described good protein is the 3%-10% of rice milling dry weight again.Adding good protein replaces corn gluten protein to be conducive to the health of ephrosis and other patients.
The as above processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats, one or more in the powder that described good protein is high-quality egg-white powder, pretreated whey albumen powder, pretreatment fish protein powder, pretreatment beef protein powder, pretreatment poultry albumen powder, pretreatment pork protein powder, pretreatment rabbit meat are made.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, the pretreatment of meat and lactalbumin carries out minuent hydrolysis for adopting protease to material protein, its technical process is: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:3-8, the ratio uniform that lactalbumin presses lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10 disperses, heating is boiled, be cooled to 25-55 DEG C, stir, add protease, enzyme dosage is the 0.25%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH4.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 1-6h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls at 3-10, 75-130 DEG C of 5 seconds-30min heats the enzyme that goes out, concentrated, spraying dry, described protease is alkali protease, neutral proteinase, acid protease, pepsin, trypsase, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in ficin.
Suitable enzyme hydrolysis predigestion process is carried out to protein, is conducive to dephosphorization treatment and patient's digesting and assimilating protein of subsequent protein.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, the pretreatment of meat and lactalbumin can also for adopting enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration, anion exchange resin absorption method dephosphorization, its technical process is: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:3-8, the ratio uniform that lactalbumin presses lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10 disperses, heating is boiled, be cooled to 25-55 DEG C, stir, add protease, enzyme dosage is the 0.25%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH4.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 1-6h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls at 3-10, 75-130 DEG C of 5 seconds-30min goes out enzyme, then milipore filter or the anion exchange resin absorption method dephosphorization of different molecular interception is adopted, sterilization, concentrated, spraying dry.Its Middle molecule interception can be used at the milipore filter of 10,000-10 ten thousand phosphorus composition that removes in muscle in RNA and DNA, and molecule interception can be used for removing titanium pigment soluble in water at 200-3000Da milipore filter; Anion exchange resin absorption method is used for sloughing titanium pigment soluble in water.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, while use protease is to meat and hydrolyzed whey protein, synchronously or step by step can add phosphate, phosphate consumption is the 0.1%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 30-80 DEG C, enzymolysis time 2-10h, pH value 4-9, effectively can improve the effect of dephosphorization.
The processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as above, the meat added can also adopt separately phosphate hydrolysis dephosphorization when pretreatment, and the step of described employing phosphate hydrolysis dephosphorization is specially: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:1-5, and phosphate consumption is the 0.1%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 30-80 DEG C, enzymolysis time 2-10h, pH value 4-9, then heat, be separated, cleaning 1-3 time, is separated, dry.Optimum condition is: phosphatidase 0.2%, hydrolysis temperature 70 DEG C, enzymolysis time 7h.
Pretreated whey albumen powder can also without protease hydrolytic, direct employing anion exchange resin removes the titanium pigment in lactalbumin, or adopt molecule interception at 200-3000Da milipore filter for removing the titanium pigment in lactalbumin, its step is specially: lactalbumin disperses by the ratio uniform of lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10, filter, by anion exchange resin, sterilization, concentrated, spraying dry; Or the ratio uniform that lactalbumin presses lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10 disperses, filter, adopt molecule interception in the ultrafiltration of 200-3000Da milipore filter, deionized water is added in lactoalbumin soln, loop ultrafiltration 2-10 time, till reaching required phosphorus content, sterilization, concentrated, spraying dry.
The rice milling again of being made up of above-mentioned processing method can be processed into numerous food, such as a kind of instant-rice, the processing method of this instant-rice is: the rice milling again after shaping, through super-dry or without drying, loads in the food-grade lunch box of resistance to boiling, and then add the water of the 0.2-1.5 of rice milling weight again times weight, with the capping of resistance to cooking food level film, at 90-140 DEG C, heating 5-35min, be processed into and can preserve at normal temperatures, ready-to-serve instant-rice after heating using microwave; Can also be that a kind of boiling water that directly adds brews edible instant-rice, the processing method of this instant-rice: gelatinization, extruded and rapid draing lower than the rice milling again of 12%, load in heat-resisting food-grade lunch box, with the capping of food grade plastic film to moisture.Time edible, open plastic foil, pour boiling water, leave standstill 3-10 minute, i.e. edible.
The present invention adopts the advantage of said method:
(1) once cereal materials is completed, the grains such as such as grain raw material is rice, millet, black rice, milled glutinous broomcorn millet, decortication buckwheat/whole buckwheat, decortication wheat/whole wheat, decortication oat/full oat, decortication highland barley/full highland barley take off albumen, dephosphorization technology, for nephropathy patient and other patients provide food material;
(2) adopt the hydrolysis of protease, phytase, collaborative yeast, lactobacillus-fermented, and in conjunction with milipore filter, ion exchange resin treatment, deproteinizing rate and dephosphorization rate high, be low to moderate 0.1% containing albumen in product, dephosphorization rate can reach 95% and more than;
(3) adopt yeast, lactobacillus-fermented, while removing phosphorus and albumen, quality and the mouthfeel of rice milling product again can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the technical scheme in the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Embodiment 1
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: rice (can select polished rice or brown rice) is soaked, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate be 100 orders to particle diameter, adopt pure water to soak when wherein soaking, material water quality is than for 1:6;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic take off albumen: in retort, add pretreated rice, pure water and protease in proportion, the mass ratio of pure water and rice is 5:1, and wherein protease consumption is 6% of substrate protein white matter quality, and described protease is alkali protease, hydrolysis temperature 30 DEG C, pH9.0, enzymolysis time 3h, is separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.The present embodiment adopts alkali protease to carry out three times hydrolysis, and protein content in products obtained therefrom can be made to be low to moderate 0.2%.
Step 3, dephosphorization: the rice through step 2 deproteinized is adopted phytase hydrolysis, is then separated, dry, pulverize, the step of phytase hydrolysis dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the rice wet feed of deproteinized to be added clear water by material water quality than 1:5, stirs, then use phytase hydrolysis, phytase hydrolysising condition: reaction temperature 37 DEG C, enzyme dosage 3000U/Kg raw material, enzymolysis time 45min, pH value 6.1, be separated, cleaning, then be separated, dry, pulverize;
Step 4: by the rice after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.
Embodiment 2
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: millet is soaked, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate be 80 orders to particle diameter, adopt pure water to soak when wherein soaking, material water quality is than for 1:5;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic take off albumen: in retort, add pretreated millet, pure water and protease in proportion, the mass ratio of pure water and millet is 7:1, and wherein protease consumption is 8% of substrate protein white matter quality, and described protease is acid protease, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, pH3.0, enzymolysis time 4h, is separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.The present embodiment adopts acid protease to carry out three times hydrolysis, and protein content in products obtained therefrom can be made to be low to moderate 0.2%.
Step 3, dephosphorization: the millet through step 2 deproteinized is adopted culture propagation dephosphorization, is then separated, dry, pulverize, the step of culture propagation dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized to be added clear water by material water quality than 1:4, stirs, add yeast, bacterium number by 10 5 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 30 DEG C, in 10 hours reaction time, is separated, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize;
Step 4: by the millet after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, dry, in the ratio of rice and water 1:1, load in the food grade plastic box of digestion resistant, cover by the food grade plastic of digestion resistant and obturage, sterilization in 121 DEG C, 30 minutes, cooling, processes the meal of rice milling being again conducive to the convenient and instant that nephropathy patient eats of low albumen, low phosphorus content.
Embodiment 3
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: decortication wheat is soaked, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate be 90 orders to particle diameter, adopt pure water to soak when wherein soaking, material water quality is than for 1:7;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic take off albumen: in retort, add pretreated decortication wheat, pure water and protease in proportion, pure water is 8:1 with the mass ratio of decortication wheat, and wherein protease consumption is 10% of substrate protein white matter quality, and described protease is the mixing of papain, bromelain and food flavor enzyme, hydrolysis temperature 45 DEG C, pH6.5, enzymolysis time 5h, is separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.The present embodiment adopts above-mentioned protease (papain, bromelain and food flavor enzyme) to carry out three times hydrolysis, and protein content in products obtained therefrom can be made to be low to moderate 0.1%.
Step 3, dephosphorization: adopted by the decortication wheat through step 2 deproteinized phytase and lactic acid bacteria microbe to ferment dephosphorization, then be separated, dry, pulverize, the step of phytase hydrolysis dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the rice wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3, stir, then phytase hydrolysis is used, phytase hydrolysising condition: reaction temperature 35 DEG C, enzyme dosage 1500U/Kg raw material, enzymolysis time 30min, pH value 6.5, the step of lactic acid bacteria microbe fermentation dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the decortication wheat wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3, stir, add lactic acid bacteria, bacterium number by 10 6 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 30 DEG C, 12 hours reaction time, be separated, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.
Step 4: by the decortication wheat flour after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.
Embodiment 4
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: by black rice soak, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate to particle diameter be 100 orders, pure water is adopted to soak during immersion, material water quality is than being 1:5, and levigate rear continuation adopts aqueous slkali soaking, and alkaline concentration is 0.6%, feed liquid mass ratio is 1:4, temperature is 20 DEG C, and stir 2h, then centrifugation goes out soak, clear water washs 2 times, and water for cleaning is 4 times of raw material weight;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic take off albumen: in retort, add pretreated black rice, pure water and protease in proportion, the mass ratio of pure water and black rice is 5:1, and wherein protease consumption is 8% of substrate protein white matter quality, and described protease is the mixing of neutral proteinase, food flavor enzyme and ficin, hydrolysis temperature 50 DEG C, pH7.0, enzymolysis time 8h, is separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.
Step 3, dephosphorization: the mode dephosphorization black rice through step 2 deproteinized being adopted phytase hydrolysis and culture propagation compound, then separation, drying, pulverize, the step of yeast microorganism fermentation dephosphorization is wherein adopted to be specially: the black rice wet feed of deproteinized to be added clear water by material water quality than 1:5, stirs, then use phytase hydrolysis, phytase hydrolysising condition: reaction temperature 40 DEG C, enzyme dosage 3000U/Kg raw material, enzymolysis time 60min, pH value 6; The step of culture propagation dephosphorization is specially: the black rice wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:5, stirs, add yeast, bacterium number by 10 5 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 25 DEG C, 12 hours reaction time; Phytase hydrolysis can be taken up in order of priority with culture propagation and be carried out, and also can synchronously carry out, Candida chosen by described yeast simultaneously, is separated, cleaning, then is separated, and dry, pulverize.
Step 4: by the black rice after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.Wherein add Turmeric P.E, Chinese yam polysaccharide, ginkgo biloba extract, kudzu root extract during batch mixing, the addition of often kind of raw material is 2% of rice milling dry weight again.
In step 4 compounding process, also add dietary fiber and Vegetable powder, dietary fiber addition is 5% of rice milling dry weight again, and Vegetable powder addition is 6% of rice milling dry weight again; Dietary fiber, Vegetable powder raw material all require low phosphorus content or through dephosphorization treatment.The same step 3 of the dephosphorization treatment such as dietary fiber, Vegetable powder.
Embodiment 5
The rice milling again that applicable nephropathy patient eats and a processing method thereof, comprise the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: by decortication highland barley soak, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate to particle diameter be 100 orders, pure water is adopted to soak during immersion, material water quality is than being 1:6, and levigate rear continuation adopts aqueous slkali soaking, and alkaline concentration is 0.5%, feed liquid mass ratio is 1:3, temperature is 30 DEG C, and stir 3h, then centrifugation goes out soak, clear water washs 3 times, and water for cleaning is 3 times of raw material weight;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic take off albumen: in retort, add pretreated decortication highland barley, pure water and protease in proportion, pure water is 6:1 with the mass ratio of decortication highland barley, and wherein protease consumption is 2% of substrate protein white matter quality, and described protease is the mixing of acid protease, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, hydrolysis temperature 45 DEG C, pH4.0, enzymolysis time 7h, is separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, be separated again, dry, pulverize.
Step 3, dephosphorization: the decortication highland barley through step 2 deproteinized is adopted yeast+lactic acid bacteria microbe fermentation dephosphorization, then separation, drying, pulverize, the step of culture propagation dephosphorization is wherein adopted to be specially: the decortication highland barley wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:5, stir, add yeast, bacterium number by 10 5 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 30 DEG C, 5 hours reaction time; The step of lactic acid bacteria microbe fermentation dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the decortication highland barley wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:5, stir, add lactic acid bacteria, bacterium number by 10 6 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 40 DEG C, 10 hours reaction time; Culture propagation and lactic acid bacteria microbe ferment to be taken up in order of priority and carry out.After having processed, be separated, cleaning, then be separated, dry, pulverize.
Step 4: by the decortication highland barley after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.Wherein add good protein during batch mixing, the addition of described good protein is 5% of rice milling dry weight again.One or more in the powder that described good protein is high-quality egg-white powder, pretreated whey albumen powder, pretreatment fish protein powder, pretreatment beef protein powder, pretreatment poultry albumen powder, pretreatment pork protein powder, pretreatment rabbit meat are made.
Good protein described in the present embodiment chooses pretreatment fish protein powder, pretreatment beef protein powder and pretreatment poultry albumen powder, wherein pre-treatment step comprises and adopts protease to carry out low hydrolysis to material protein: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:4, heating is boiled, be cooled to 30 DEG C, stir, add protease, enzyme dosage is 2% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 30 DEG C, pH4.0, enzymolysis time 3h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls at 3-10, 75-130 DEG C of 5 seconds-30min heats the enzyme that goes out, concentrated, spraying dry, described protease is alkali protease, neutral proteinase, acid protease, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in ficin.
Wherein, when carrying out pretreatment to meat, also can adopt enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration, anion exchange resin absorption method dephosphorization: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:4, heating is boiled, and is cooled to 25 DEG C, stirs, add protease, enzyme dosage is 2% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 35 DEG C, pH4.0, enzymolysis time 4h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls 6,110 DEG C of 9 seconds enzymes that go out, milipore filter dephosphorization, or adopt Exchange Resin by Adsorption dephosphorization, concentrated, spraying dry.
The method of milipore filter dephosphorization is: adopt molecule interception to remove the phosphorus composition in muscle in RNA and DNA at the milipore filter of 50,000 Da, adopts molecule interception to remove titanium pigment soluble in water at 1000Da milipore filter.
Exchange Resin by Adsorption dephosphorization: the anion exchange resin dephosphorization adopting 201*7 model, Exchange Resin by Adsorption is used for sloughing titanium pigment soluble in water.
Wherein, when using protease to carry out pretreatment to meat in the above-described embodiments, synchronously or step by step can add phosphate, phosphate consumption is 0.2% of substrate protein white matter quality, enzymolysis temperature 30 DEG C, enzymolysis time 4h, pH value 4, effectively can improve the effect of dephosphorization.
Wherein, when using protease to carry out pretreatment to meat in the above-described embodiments, phosphate hydrolysis dephosphorization can also be adopted separately, the step of described employing phosphate hydrolysis dephosphorization is specially: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:2, phosphate consumption is 0.2% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, enzymolysis time 8h, pH value 5, then heat, be separated, clean 2 times, be separated, dry.
The above; be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, anyly belongs to those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (10)
1. the processing method of rice milling again that eats of applicable nephropathy patient, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step one, pretreatment: by cereal materials soak, isolate soak, fragmentation, levigate to particle diameter be 10-100 order, described cereal materials is the mixing of one or more in rice, millet, black rice, milled glutinous broomcorn millet, decortication buckwheat/whole buckwheat, decortication wheat/whole wheat, decortication oat/full oat, decortication highland barley/full highland barley, and wherein rice is polished rice or brown rice;
Step 2, protease hydrolytic takes off albumen: in retort, add pretreated cereal materials in proportion, pure water and protease, wherein the mass ratio of pure water and cereal materials is at 3-10:1, protease consumption is the 0.5%-10% of substrate protein white matter quality, described protease is alkali protease, neutral proteinase, acid protease, pepsin, trypsase, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in ficin, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH 2.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 2-10h, adopt several enzyme to mix an one-step hydrolysis or the fractional hydrolysis respectively of several enzyme when the enzyme hydrolysis of employing two kinds or more, be separated after protease hydrolytic, cleaning, then be separated, dry, pulverize,
Step 3, dephosphorization: the cereal materials through step 2 deproteinized is adopted phytase hydrolysis or by adding culture propagation or phytase hydrolysis and the mode of culture propagation compound or yeast+lactic acid bacteria microbe ferment or phytase is hydrolyzed and yeast+lactic acid bacteria microbe is compoiste fermented mode carries out dephosphorization, then be separated, clean, be separated again, dry, pulverize;
The step of phytase hydrolysis dephosphorization is adopted to be specially: the cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stir, then phytase hydrolysis is used, phytase hydrolysising condition: reaction temperature 30-60 DEG C, enzyme dosage 1000-5000U/kg raw material, enzymolysis time 30-90min, pH value 4-9;
The step of culture propagation dephosphorization is specially:
The cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stirs, add yeast, bacterium number by 10 5 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 20-45 DEG C, reaction time 3-18 hour; Described yeast is one or more in Candida, Hansenula yeast, Pichia pastoris, torulopsis, candida tropicalis, brewer's yeast, saccharomyces cerevisiae;
The step of lactic acid bacteria microbe fermentation dephosphorization is specially:
The cereal materials wet feed of deproteinized is added clear water by material water quality than 1:3-10, stirs, add lactic acid bacteria, bacterium number by 10 6 ~ 10 powers/kg reactant liquor, reaction temperature 25-45 DEG C, reaction time 3-18 hour;
Step 4: by the cereal materials after step 3 process, through sieving, batch mixing, modified, preheating, gelatinization, extruded, drying process low albumen, low phosphorus content be conducive to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats.
2. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when soaking in step one, adopt pure water to soak, material water quality than for 1:3-8, cereal through soaking, broken, levigate after, continue to adopt aqueous slkali soaking, alkaline concentration is 0.2%-0.6%, and feed liquid mass ratio is 1:3-10, and temperature is room temperature or 10-60 DEG C, stir 2-6h, then centrifugation goes out soak, clear water washing 1-3 time, and water for cleaning is 3-8 times of raw material weight.
3. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4 compounding process, also add in Turmeric P.E, lentinan, Agaricus Blazei Murrill polysaccharide, LBP-X, Chinese yam polysaccharide, ginkgo biloba extract, kudzu root extract one or more, the addition of often kind of raw material is the 0.1%-10% of rice milling dry weight again.
4. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4 compounding process, also add dietary fiber and Vegetable powder, dietary fiber addition is the 5%-20% of rice milling dry weight again, and Vegetable powder addition is the 5%-30% of rice milling dry weight again; Dietary fiber, Vegetable powder raw material carry out dephosphorization treatment according to step 3.
5. the processing method of the rice milling again that the applicable nephropathy patient as described in claim 1 or 4 eats, is characterized in that: in step 4 compounding process, also add good protein, and the addition of described good protein is the 3%-10% of rice milling dry weight again.
6. the as claimed in claim 5 processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats, is characterized in that: one or more in the powder that described good protein is high-quality egg-white powder, pretreatment desalted lactalbumin powder, pretreatment fish protein powder, pretreatment beef protein powder, pretreatment poultry albumen powder, pretreatment pork protein powder, pretreatment rabbit meat are made.
7. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the pretreatment of meat and lactalbumin carries out minuent hydrolysis for adopting protease to material protein, its technical process is: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:3-8, the ratio uniform that lactalbumin presses lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10 disperses, heating is boiled, be cooled to 25-55 DEG C, stir, add protease, enzyme dosage is the 0.25%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH4.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 1-6h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls at 3-10, 75-130 DEG C of 5 seconds-30min heats the enzyme that goes out, concentrated, spraying dry, described protease is alkali protease, neutral proteinase, acid protease, pepsin, trypsase, papain, bromelain, food flavor enzyme, any one or any two kinds or any three kinds of mixed enzyme mixed in ficin.
8. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the pretreatment of meat and lactalbumin can also for adopting enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration, anion exchange resin absorption method dephosphorization, its technical process is: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:3-8, the ratio uniform that lactalbumin presses lactalbumin dry and water 1:3-10 disperses, heating is boiled, be cooled to 25-55 DEG C, stir, add protease, enzyme dosage is the 0.25%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 20-60 DEG C, pH4.0-9.5, enzymolysis time 1-6h, the degree of hydrolysis of protein controls at 3-10, 75-130 DEG C of 5 seconds-30min goes out enzyme, then milipore filter or the anion exchange resin absorption method dephosphorization of different molecular interception is adopted, sterilization, concentrated, spraying dry.
9. the processing method being applicable to the rice milling again that nephropathy patient eats as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the meat added adopts separately phosphate to be hydrolyzed dephosphorization when pretreatment, the step of described employing phosphate hydrolysis dephosphorization is specially: meat and water are pulled an oar by the mass ratio of 1:1-5, and phosphate consumption is the 0.1%-3% of substrate protein white matter quality, hydrolysis temperature 30-80 DEG C, enzymolysis time 2-10h, pH value 4-9, then heat, be separated, cleaning 1-3 time, is separated, dry.
10. one kind as arbitrary in claim 1-9 as described in the rice milling again of making of the processing method of rice milling again that eats of applicable nephropathy patient.
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| CN104012853B (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-08-24 | 中恩（天津）医药科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the rice eaten for nephrotic |
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| CN103211163B (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-09-17 | 刘良忠 | Processing method of deproteinized rice |
| CN103211162A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2013-07-24 | 安徽燕之坊食品有限公司 | Fermented coarse cereal food and preparation method thereof |
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