CN103549167B - Feed additive for promoting acute stress recovery of freshwater fish and application of feed additive - Google Patents
Feed additive for promoting acute stress recovery of freshwater fish and application of feed additive Download PDFInfo
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- CN103549167B CN103549167B CN201310487128.0A CN201310487128A CN103549167B CN 103549167 B CN103549167 B CN 103549167B CN 201310487128 A CN201310487128 A CN 201310487128A CN 103549167 B CN103549167 B CN 103549167B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for promoting the acute stress recovery of freshwater fish and application of the feed additive. The feed additive is characterized by comprising linseed oil, vitamin E and vitamin C which serve as effective components and consisting of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of linseed oil, 0.04-0.06 part of vitamin E acetate, 0.10-0.20 part of L-ascorbic-acid-2-phosphate, 15-25 parts of glucose, 10-20 parts of glycine betaine, 5-15 parts of sodium chloride, 3-6 parts of algal polysaccharides, 3-5 parts of methionine, 3-5 parts of lysine and 0.01-0.02 part of ethoxy guin. The feed additive can be added into a feed according to the dosage of 5-10 percent. The feed additive has the advantages that under environmental stress, the survival rate of fish is improved by 20-30 percent after the fish is fed with the feed with the additive disclosed by the invention, the weight gain ratio is improved by 40-45 percent, and gill, liver and alimentary canal tissue structures, the blood condition, the anti-oxidization property, the immune response performance and the disease resistance can be recovered to a normal level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquatic products feed addictive, especially relate to a kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting.
Background technology
Environment-stress is considered to one of principal element affecting aquatic cultivated animals health.Along with the development of culture fishery high density culture system, high temperature, high ammonia nitrogen and high nitrite are coerced etc. often and are occurred, and have restricted the development of culture fishery.The factors such as the generation of coercing and the temperature of breeding environment, residual bait degree of spoilage, fish body endogenous elimination of nitrogen are closely related, especially, in high-density breeding system, are easy to cause continue to coerce, and even occur that of short duration concentration rises sharply.Generally, adopt cooling, biofilter or recirculated water system etc. to be controlled, but gathering rapidly of stress factors be often difficult to be excluded in the short period of time in water, expense also can be very expensive.
Environment-stress is an increasing process, when stress degree surpassing fish physiology and regulate threshold value, the ability of removing free radical can be suppressed, and a large amount of free radicals can constantly gather, and the excessive meeting of free radical causes body polyunsaturated fatty acid generation peroxidization.Leukotrienes (C18:3n3) is a kind of polyunsaturated fatty acid, it is the constituent of cell membrane, it is the precursor of aquatic livestock eicosanoid, immunoreactive important evocating substance, it is the essential fatty acid (except Tilapia mossambica) that guarantees freshwater fish normal growth, but the snperoxiaized generation of leukotrienes, not only can cause body linolenic acid content to decline, there is essential fatty acid deficiency, also can accumulate a large amount of aldehyde because of peroxidating, ketone cytotoxic substance, its toxic mechanism main manifestations has the growth of inhibition, cause the gill and liver organization pathology, be overexcited, stupor, twitch, final dead.At present, also not disclose both at home and abroad and anyly about the feed addictive that promotes to recover after cultured freshwater fish acute stress and the correlative study of application thereof, report.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to provide a kind of can be in the short period after coercing generation, promote the feed addictive and the application thereof that after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, recover.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme:
1. promote the feed addictive recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, its active ingredient comprises linseed oil, vitamin E and vitamin C.
The feed addictive recovering after above-mentioned promotion cultured freshwater fish acute stress, is comprised of following raw material and parts by weight thereof: 35～45 parts of linseed oil, 0.04～0.06 part of Vitwas E, 0.10～0.20 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 15～25 parts of glucose, 10～20 parts of betaines, 5～15 parts, sodium chloride, 3～6 parts of algal polysaccharides, 3～5 parts of methionine, 3～5 parts of lysines, 0.01～0.02 part of ethoxyquin.
Preferably by following raw material and parts by weight thereof, formed: 40 parts of linseed oil, 0.05 part of Vitwas E, 0.15 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts of betaines, 10 parts, sodium chloride, 4.5 parts of algal polysaccharides, 4 parts of methionine, 4 parts of lysines, 0.015 part of ethoxyquin.
Linolenic acid content in described linseed oil is 40～60%.
2, promote an application for the feed addictive that recovers after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, the addition of this feed addictive in cultured freshwater fish feed is 5～10%.
Described feed addictive is sprayed at outward in cultured freshwater fish feed by 5～6% addition.
Described feed addictive is evenly mixed in cultured freshwater fish feed by 8～10% addition.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the present invention is a kind of promotes the feed addictive that recovers after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, by feed external source, supplement leukotrienes, can recover in the short period of time leukotrienes level in fresh-water fishes body, thereby reach the object that slowly-releasing is coerced.Improve the content of antioxidant vitamins in feed (vitamin C, E) simultaneously, can further stop the snperoxiaized generation of leukotrienes, remove interior free yl, can also play saving leukotrienes, the object reducing costs, and vitamin C, E also have the function of alleviating environmental stress.Can also be further by supplementing the energy matter glucose that can directly be utilized by body, to meet energy requirement higher under stressed condition; External source is supplemented methionine and lysine, and except its characteristic as limiting amino acid, they are also the same with betaine and algal polysaccharides etc., have good food calling effect.Ethoxyquin plays fresh-keeping and effect that extend the shelf life to feed.By nutrition regulation, alleviate the negative effect that environment-stress causes cultivated animals, a kind of simple means of can yet be regarded as.
Through inventor's experimental result, show, and inventor adds above-mentioned feed addictive in cultured freshwater fish feed to by 5～10% dosage, can coerce about 2 weeks after generation at high temperature, high ammonia nitrogen and high nitrite, the survival rate that makes cultivated animals 55%～75% brings up to 98～100% from stress state; Rate of body weight gain 5～15% brings up to 45～60% from stress state; The gill, liver and alimentary canal institutional framework, oxidation resistance, immune response ability are compared without significant difference with the cultivated animals of being coerced.The present invention operates less demanding, easily grasps and implements, and can not damage cultured fishes and people.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
One, specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Promote the feed addictive recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, its active ingredient comprises linseed oil, vitamin E and vitamin C.Wherein the linolenic acid content in linseed oil is 40～60%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting, by following raw material and parts by weight thereof, formed: 35 parts of linseed oil, 0.04 part of Vitwas E, 0.10 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 15 parts of glucose, 10 parts of betaines, 15 parts, sodium chloride, 6 parts of algal polysaccharides, 5 parts of methionine, 5 parts of lysines, 0.02 part of ethoxyquin, wherein the linolenic acid content in linseed oil is 50%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting, by following raw material and parts by weight thereof, formed: 40 parts of linseed oil, 0.05 part of Vitwas E, 0.15 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts of betaines, 10 parts, sodium chloride, 4.5 parts of algal polysaccharides, 4 parts of methionine, 4 parts of lysines, 0.015 part of ethoxyquin, wherein the linolenic acid content in linseed oil is 50%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting, by following raw material and parts by weight thereof, formed: 45 parts of linseed oil, 0.06 part of Vitwas E, 0.20 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 25 parts of glucose, 20 parts of betaines, 5 parts, sodium chloride, 3 parts of algal polysaccharides, 3 parts of methionine, 3 parts of lysines, 0.01 part of ethoxyquin, wherein the linolenic acid content in linseed oil is 40～60%.
Two, Application Example
The present invention is a kind of promotes the application of the feed addictive that recovers after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, and the addition of this feed addictive in cultured freshwater fish feed is 5～10%; If use outer spraying technology, advise that addition is 5～6%; If evenly mixed, suggestion adds 8～10%.
Embodiment 1
Promote the feed addictive recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, its active ingredient comprises linseed oil, vitamin E and vitamin C.Take linseed oil (linolenic acid content 40～60%) 997g, Vitwas E 0.5g, vitamin C phosphoric ester 2.5g, obtain 1kg additive, by 4%, 8%, 12% dosage, add respectively crucian special feed (the honest Co., Ltd in Nantong to, feed code name 133) in, be configured to test feed, and by not containing the crucian special feed of this additive feed in contrast.The crucian of initial body weight (2.0 ± 0.3) g is exposed in the water body that ammonia nitrogen concentration is half lethal concentration, after Acute stress 7 days, the experiment fish surviving is returned in normal water body, be divided at random two processed group, a processed group is thrown something and fed respectively three kinds and is tested feed (4%, 8%, 12%), another processed group control feed of throwing something and feeding, experiment is carried out, after 2 weeks, the results are shown in shown in following table 1.
Table 1 adds the impact of different proportion feed addictive on result
As seen from the above table, experimental group survival rate is 90～98%, and control group survival rate is 51.3%; Experimental group rate of body weight gain is 13.1～23.2%, and control group rate of body weight gain is 2.1%; Biochemistry detection discovery, experimental group crucian activities of antioxidant enzymes, lysozyme activity, complement content and immunoglobulin content are all significantly higher than control group.
Embodiment 2
Take linseed oil (linolenic acid content 50%) 400g, Vitwas E 0.5g, vitamin C phosphoric ester 1.8g, glucose 200g, betaine 150g, sodium chloride 110g, algal polysaccharides 57.5g, methionine 40g, lysine 40g, ethoxyquin 0.2g, obtain 1kg additive, fully mix, by 5%, 8%, 10% dosage, add respectively channel catfish special feed (Sichuan branch company of Tong Wei feed corporation,Ltd to, logical prestige 168) in, be configured to test feed, and by not containing the channel catfish special feed of this additive feed in contrast.The channel catfish of initial body weight (5.0 ± 0.5) g is exposed in the water body that nitrite concentration is half lethal concentration, after Acute stress 7 days, the experiment fish surviving is returned in normal water body, be divided at random two processed group, a processed group is thrown something and fed respectively three kinds and is tested feed (5%, 8%, 10%), another processed group control feed of throwing something and feeding, experiment is carried out, after 2 weeks, the results are shown in shown in following table 2.
Table 2 adds the impact of different proportion feed addictive on result
As seen from the above table, experimental group survival rate is 100%, and control group survival rate is 59.1%; Experimental group rate of body weight gain is 37.7～45.2%, and control group rate of body weight gain is 5.7%; The discovery of liver Ultrastructural observation, experimental group channel catfish liver organization is even, does not find pathology, and control group is observed nuclear membrane dissolving, mitochondrial swelling and vacuolation, endomembrane system is disorderly.
Embodiment 3
Take linseed oil (linolenic acid content 56%) 450g, Vitwas E 0.6g, vitamin C phosphoric ester 2g, glucose 250g, betaine 100g, sodium chloride 107.2g, algal polysaccharides 30g, methionine 30g, lysine 30g, ethoxyquin 0.2g, obtain 1kg additive, fully mix.Adopt outer spraying technology to be sprayed directly on to rainbow trout special feed (Bincheng Hualong Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., rainbow trout special aquatic products feed) surface as experiment feed in 5% ratio, and by not containing the rainbow trout special feed of this additive feed in contrast.
The initial body weight of random choose (7.0 ± 0.8) g, the fresh water rainbow trout that experience high temperature stress is survived and, puts in a suitable place to breed in indoor normal water body (25 ℃).Be divided at random two groups, one group of experiment feed of throwing something and feeding, another group control feed of throwing something and feeding.After 2 weeks, experimental group survival rate is 99.5%, and control group survival rate is 80.4%; Experimental group rate of body weight gain is 24.1%, and control group rate of body weight gain is 6.8%; Artificial infection Aeromonas hydrophila is after 14 days, and experimental group cumulative mortality is 25%, and control group cumulative mortality is 63%.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned giving an example.Those skilled in the art are in essential scope of the present invention, and the variation of making, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. promote the feed addictive recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress, it is characterized in that being formed by following raw material and parts by weight thereof: 35～45 parts of linseed oil, 0.04～0.06 part of Vitwas E, 0.10～0.20 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 15～25 parts of glucose, 10～20 parts of betaines, 5～15 parts, sodium chloride, 3～6 parts of algal polysaccharides, 3～5 parts of methionine, 3～5 parts of lysines, 0.01～0.02 part of ethoxyquin.
2. a kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting according to claim 1, is characterized in that being comprised of following raw material and parts by weight thereof: 40 parts of linseed oil, 0.05 part of Vitwas E, 0.15 part of vitamin C phosphoric ester, 20 parts of glucose, 15 parts of betaines, 10 parts, sodium chloride, 4.5 parts of algal polysaccharides, 4 parts of methionine, 4 parts of lysines, 0.015 part of ethoxyquin.
3. a kind of feed addictive of recovering after cultured freshwater fish acute stress of promoting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the linolenic acid content in described linseed oil is 40-60%.
4. according to an application for the feed addictive recovering after the promotion cultured freshwater fish acute stress described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: the addition of this feed addictive in cultured freshwater fish feed is 5～10%.
5. a kind of application that promotes the feed addictive that recovers after cultured freshwater fish acute stress according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described feed addictive is sprayed at outward in cultured freshwater fish feed by 5～6% addition.
6. a kind of application that promotes the feed addictive that recovers after cultured freshwater fish acute stress according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described feed addictive is evenly mixed in cultured freshwater fish feed by 8～10% addition.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104489368A (en) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-04-08 | 集美大学 | Anti-nitrite-toxicity protective agent for lateolabrax japonicas as well as preparation method and application of anti-nitrite-toxicity protective agent |
| CN104799013B (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2017-12-19 | 四川农业大学 | Prevent the congested feed addictive and feed with gill rot of the fish gill caused by ammonia nitrogen |
| CN105341533A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-02-24 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院 | Special feed additive for seawater fish and preparation method thereof |
| CN112841457A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-28 | 南京百粤生物科技有限公司 | Stress reaction relieving composite additive for aquaculture and preparation method thereof |
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| EP1949906A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2008-07-30 | Obschestvo S Ogranichenoy Otvetstvennost Ju Issledovatelsky Tsentr "Komkon" | Agent for correcting stress-inducing neuro-mediator, neuro- endocrine and metabolic disturbances and method for preventing and treating concomitant pathological conditions |
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| CN101940567A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-12 | 湖南康大生物药品有限责任公司 | Fish medicament for treating vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency diseases |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1949906A1 (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2008-07-30 | Obschestvo S Ogranichenoy Otvetstvennost Ju Issledovatelsky Tsentr "Komkon" | Agent for correcting stress-inducing neuro-mediator, neuro- endocrine and metabolic disturbances and method for preventing and treating concomitant pathological conditions |
| CN101357223A (en) * | 2008-08-30 | 2009-02-04 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Preparation method of anti-stress agent for fishing |
| CN101940567A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-01-12 | 湖南康大生物药品有限责任公司 | Fish medicament for treating vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency diseases |
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