A kind of shelling interval cray feed and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cray feed, particularly a kind of shelling interval cray feed and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
Cray is the shellfish that survives in a kind of picture lobster in fresh water, and formal name used at school Procambius clarkii is also red crayfish or freshwater crayfish.Procambius clarkii is the widest Invasive Alien Species that distributes in shell-fish.Procambius clarkii because of its omnivorousness, fast growth, adaptablely in local environment, form absolute competitive advantage.Its scope of ingesting comprises pasture and water, algae, aquatic insect, spoil etc., and food is deficient also kills each other when scarce.Procambius clarkii has become Important Economic breed variety in China in recent years.
The growth cycle of cray is relatively short, and a cray, from producing son, hatching to maturation listing, probably only needs half a year.Yet the two large shortcomings of cray become the obstacle that lobster industry further develops: the one, dressing percentage is low; The 2nd, lobster moves on sludge underwater, and feeding habits are assorted again, often take animals and plants corpse as food, thus in body surface and alimentary canal dirt and bacterium more.
Scientific research proves, in cray body, content astaxanthin is positive correlation with its ability of resisting extraneous adverse circumstances, also just says that body content astaxanthin is higher, and its ability of resisting extraneous adverse circumstances is just stronger.In purplish red color cray human body, the content of natural astaxanthin is the several times of prawn.So, wine-colored cray can be in dirty mud survival and reproduction, and in clear water body, be difficult for survival.Because cray self cannot produce astaxanthin, being mainly to pass through food chain--edible microalgae etc. gets astaxanthin, and constantly accumulates and produce superpower oxidation resistance in vivo.Astaxanthin can effectively strengthen ability and the raising fertility of the opposing adverse circumstances of cray.So astaxanthin is the strong guarantee of cray indomitable vitality like this, when lacking in these environment that contain the micro-algae of astaxanthin, cray is instead difficult to survive.Yet due to reasons such as the simple and easy muddiness of pond water, water pollution, the not enough mycotic infections of illumination, cray also can produce various diseases, such as black gill disease, soft-shell disease, tail etc.Existing artificial fecundation method is placed in In water by cray conventionally, has guaranteed the spatter property of cray, yet but causes the cray death rate higher.
The growth of cray realizes by shell.Shell is the important symbol of cray growth.Cray is the same with other crustaceans, and the crust that must slough off body surface just can complete its mutability growth.According to the movable and situation of ingesting of cray, its moulting cycle can be divided into intermolt, proecdysis, ecdysis and postmolt four-stage.The interval that shells is that cray is the stage of growth accumulation nutriment, ingests vigorous this shrimp of this one-phase, and crust is hardening gradually; Shell stops to starting shell early stage from cray stops ingesting, and this one-phase is that cray is that shell is prepared.Cray stops ingesting, and the calcium in crust shifts to the calcium stone in body, and in body, calcium stone becomes large, crust attenuation, deliquescing, and separated with inner cortex layer.The shell phase is to lie on one's side till shell starts completely to slough off to crust from cray, these about a few minutes to tens of duration in stage minute not etc., we observe mostly at 5-10 minutes, overlong time cray is easily dead.The shell later stage is to starting to ingest, to stop from cray shell, and this stage is the process that the crust of cray is developed to crust by cortical layer.Moisture enters in body from cortex, body gains, increase; In body, the calcium of calcium stone shifts to cortical layer, and cortical layer hardening, thickening, become crust, and in body, calcium stone finally becomes very little.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of this invention is to provide a kind of interval feed of using of cray that is suitable for shelling, can greatly reduce the shell phase cray death rate.
Technical scheme: a kind of shelling interval cray feed provided by the invention, by following component, made: corn flour, sorghum flour, inferior powder, peanut powder, oyster shell whiting, algae powder, fish meal, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, B B-complex, compound many ore deposits, core additive; Wherein, core additive is made by following component: cordate houttuynia, the Radix Astragali, eucalyptus robusta, the root of bidentate achyranthes, selfheal, garlic, green tea, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Preferably, by the component of following weight portion, made: corn flour 20-30 part, sorghum flour 10-20 part, inferior powder 10-20 part, peanut powder 4-6 part, oyster shell whiting 1-3 part, algae powder 4-6 part, fish meal 4-6 part, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 4-6 part, B B-complex 1-3 part, compound many ore deposits 0.5-1.5 part, core additive 2-4 part; Wherein, every 10 parts of core additives are made by the component of following weight portion: cordate houttuynia 1-3 part, Radix Astragali 1-3 part, eucalyptus robusta 0.5-1.5 part, root of bidentate achyranthes 0.5-1.5 part, selfheal 0.5-1.5 part, garlic 0.5-1.5 part, green tea 0.5-1.5 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae 0.5-1.5 part.
Further preferably, by the component of following weight portion, made: 25 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of sorghum flours, 15 parts, inferior powder, 5 parts of peanut powders, 2 parts of oyster shell whitings, 5 parts, algae powder, 5 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 2 parts of B B-complexes, 1 part, compound many ore deposits, 3 parts of core additives; Wherein, every 10 parts of core additives are made by the component of following weight portion: 2 parts of cordate houttuynias, 2 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 1 part of eucalyptus robusta, 1 part of the root of bidentate achyranthes, 1 part of selfheal, 1 part, garlic, 1 part of green tea, 1 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Wherein, described B B-complex comprises vitamin A, neo dohyfral D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, pyridoxamine, biotin, and per kilogram B B-complex comprises: vitamin A 4000IU, neo dohyfral D3 600IU, vitamin e1 0mg, cobalamin mg, vitamin B2 3mg, pyridoxamine 2mg, biotin 0.5mg.
Wherein, described compound many ore deposits comprise iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iodine, selenium, and described compound many ore deposits per kilogram comprises: 300 grams of iron, 1 gram of copper, 20 grams, zinc, 2 grams, manganese, 0.2 gram of cobalt, 0.1 gram of iodine, 0.1 gram, selenium.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned shelling interval cray feed, comprises the following steps:
(1) mix after cordate houttuynia, the Radix Astragali, eucalyptus robusta, the root of bidentate achyranthes, selfheal, garlic, green tea, Radix Glycyrrhizae are pulverized respectively, sieved, obtain core additive;
(2) corn flour, sorghum flour, inferior powder, peanut powder, algae powder, fish meal, calcium monohydrogen phosphate are mixed, sieved, obtain elementary feed;
(3) by adding successively oyster shell whiting, compound many ore deposits, B B-complex and core additive in elementary feed, obtain.
Beneficial effect: shelling interval cray feed provided by the invention can provide shelling interval cray base nutrients matter, add algae powder and core additive not only can greatly reduce its death rate, safe, raw material sources are wide, cheap.
In shelling interval cray feed of the present invention, contain multiple nutrients material, scientific formulation, comprehensive nutrition, can meet the basic nutrition of shelling interval cray completely, adds several mineral materials and trace element simultaneously, thereby can guarantee Fast Growth.
Shelling interval cray feed of the present invention can improve the immunity, safe of shelling interval cray.Adopting algae powder and natural products is that raw material is as core additive, can improve shelling interval cray autoimmunity, improve shelling interval cray health status, simultaneously without any side effects, more do not have harmful substance residual, to health, can not cause damage.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Shelling interval cray feed, is made by the component of following weight portion: 25 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of sorghum flours, 15 parts, inferior powder, 5 parts of peanut powders, 2 parts of oyster shell whitings, 5 parts, algae powder, 5 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 2 parts of B B-complexes, 1 part, compound many ore deposits, 3 parts of core additives; Wherein, every 10 parts of core additives are made by the component of following weight portion: 2 parts of cordate houttuynias, 2 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 1 part of eucalyptus robusta, 1 part of the root of bidentate achyranthes, 1 part of selfheal, 1 part, garlic, 1 part of green tea, 1 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Wherein, described B B-complex comprises vitamin A, neo dohyfral D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, pyridoxamine, biotin, and per kilogram B B-complex comprises: vitamin A 4000IU, neo dohyfral D3 600IU, vitamin e1 0mg, cobalamin mg, vitamin B2 3mg, pyridoxamine 2mg, biotin 0.5mg.
Wherein, described compound many ore deposits comprise iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iodine, selenium, and described compound many ore deposits per kilogram comprises: 300 grams of iron, 1 gram of copper, 20 grams, zinc, 2 grams, manganese, 0.2 gram of cobalt, 0.1 gram of iodine, 0.1 gram, selenium.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) mix after cordate houttuynia, the Radix Astragali, eucalyptus robusta, the root of bidentate achyranthes, selfheal, garlic, green tea, Radix Glycyrrhizae are pulverized respectively, sieved, obtain core additive;
(2) corn flour, sorghum flour, inferior powder, peanut powder, algae powder, fish meal, calcium monohydrogen phosphate are mixed, sieved, obtain elementary feed;
(3) by adding successively oyster shell whiting, compound many ore deposits, B B-complex and core additive in elementary feed, obtain.
Embodiment 2
Shelling interval cray feed, is made by the component of following weight portion: 20 parts of corn flour, 20 parts of sorghum flours, 20 parts, inferior powder, 6 parts of peanut powders, 3 parts of oyster shell whitings, 4 parts, algae powder, 6 parts of fish meal, 4 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 1 part of B B-complex, 0.5 part, compound many ore deposits, 2 parts of core additives; Wherein, every 10 parts of core additives are made by the component of following weight portion: 1 part of cordate houttuynia, 1 part of the Radix Astragali, 0.5 part of eucalyptus robusta, 1.5 parts of the roots of bidentate achyranthes, 1.5 parts of selfheals, 0.5 part, garlic, 1.5 parts of green tea, 0.5 part, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Wherein, described B B-complex comprises vitamin A, neo dohyfral D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, pyridoxamine, biotin, and per kilogram B B-complex comprises: vitamin A 4000IU, neo dohyfral D3 600IU, vitamin e1 0mg, cobalamin mg, vitamin B2 3mg, pyridoxamine 2mg, biotin 0.5mg.
Wherein, described compound many ore deposits comprise iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iodine, selenium, and described compound many ore deposits per kilogram comprises: 300 grams of iron, 1 gram of copper, 20 grams, zinc, 2 grams, manganese, 0.2 gram of cobalt, 0.1 gram of iodine, 0.1 gram, selenium.
Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Shelling interval cray feed, is made by the component of following weight portion: 30 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of sorghum flours, 10 parts, inferior powder, 4 parts of peanut powders, 1 part of oyster shell whiting, 6 parts, algae powder, 4 parts of fish meal, 6 parts of calcium monohydrogen phosphates, 3 parts of B B-complexes, 1.5 parts, compound many ore deposits, 4 parts of core additives; Wherein, every 10 parts of core additives are made by the component of following weight portion: 3 parts of cordate houttuynias, 3 parts of the Radixs Astragali, 1.5 parts of eucalyptus robusta, 0.5 part of the root of bidentate achyranthes, 0.5 part of selfheal, 1.5 parts, garlic, 0.5 part of green tea, 1.5 parts, Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Wherein, described B B-complex comprises vitamin A, neo dohyfral D3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, pyridoxamine, biotin, and per kilogram B B-complex comprises: vitamin A 4000IU, neo dohyfral D3 600IU, vitamin e1 0mg, cobalamin mg, vitamin B2 3mg, pyridoxamine 2mg, biotin 0.5mg.
Wherein, described compound many ore deposits comprise iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, iodine, selenium, and described compound many ore deposits per kilogram comprises: 300 grams of iron, 1 gram of copper, 20 grams, zinc, 2 grams, manganese, 0.2 gram of cobalt, 0.1 gram of iodine, 0.1 gram, selenium.
Its preparation method is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
100 healthy shelling interval crays, are divided into 4 groups at random, and experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3 adopt respectively the cray containing the forage feed shelling interval of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, and control group adopts common fish meal to feed.Observe and record the death rate of cray in the shell phase.
The table 1 shell phase cray death rate
Index |
Control group |
Experimental group 1 |
Experimental group 2 |
Experimental group 3 |
Death rate % |
20 |
0 |
4 |
4 |
Result shows, the average daily gain of experimental group is apparently higher than control group, and feedstuff-meat ratio is lower than control group.The experimental group shelling interval cray death rate is relative with control group to be reduced greatly.