CN1035123A - 易撕开的热密封材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种热密封材料,它具有面对面地叠放并能热熔
在一起的若干个树脂面层,其中至少有一个面层是由
一种树脂组合物形成的,该组合物包括:
(A)30—85(重)%的低密度聚乙烯,其密度为
0.91—0.94克/厘米3,结晶度不超过40%,
(B)5—40(重)的聚丙烯,和
(C)10—40(重)%的低结晶度或无定形的乙烯
/α-烯烃的共聚物。
Description
本发明涉及一种易撕开的热密封材料,更确切地说,本发明涉及一种具有优良的低温热密封性能、其热密封强度几乎与热密封温度无关的易撕开的热密封材料。
包装材料要具备的重要特性包括密封保护性和易撕开性。由于包装材料具有密封保护性,可使包装的物品免受在生产过程中以及包括海运、运输和储存的销售环节中所产生的诸如研撞、震动和挤压等外力的作用。由于包装材料具有易撕开性,只要撕开密封部分,就可取出包装的物品,无须破坏整个包装材料。这两种特性是有矛盾的。因此,在设计密封强度时,必须审慎地考虑装填能力、销售环节和要用的包装材料所包装的物品等诸多因素。
已有人提出过一些易撕开的包装材料。例如,日本专利特开174329/1982公开了一种用树脂组合物挤压成型的包装材料。该组合物由高压低密度聚乙烯、线型低密度聚乙烯和一种低结晶度或无定形乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物组成。日本专利特开209550/1983公开了一种易撕开的层压密封包装材料,其密封层由聚丙烯、高密度聚乙烯和低密度聚乙烯的混合物的薄膜组成。日本专利特开246061/1986公开了一种密封包装材料,其密封层由具有作为主要成分的聚丙烯和乙烯/α-烯烃的无规共聚物的组合物组成。
由于聚丙烯透明度好,并具有优良的防潮性、适度的韧性和耐蒸煮性,它在作为食品、织物、工业材料、化学品等包装薄膜和容器方面已得到广泛应用。
上述传统的密封材料不能完全令人满意地用于聚丙烯的包装薄膜和容器。例如,日本专利特开174329/1982所描述的树脂组合物完全由聚乙烯类树脂组成,并且它的热密封强度不如聚丙烯薄膜或容器。日本专利特开209550/1983描述的层压包装材料具有实用水平的热密封强度,但密封层组合物易于粘连损坏,并且部分密封层可能留在被撕离的表面上。日本专利特开246061/1986描述的包装组合物其主要成分是聚丙烯,所须的热密封温度高,因而生产速度低,热密封强度与温度的相互关系不能完全令人满意。
本发明的一个主要目的是提供一种具有易撕开特性的,极好的低温热密封性能和其热密封强度几乎与温度无关的热密封材料,并且它适于作为所制造的包装材料的密封部分,例如,聚丙烯和其它各种树脂的薄膜或薄层,或通过层压这些树脂薄膜所获得的薄层。
按照本发明所提供的热密封材料具有若干个树脂面层,它们面对面叠放并能热熔在一起,其中,至少有一个树脂面层由一种树脂组合物形成,该组合物包括:
(A)30~85(重)%的低密度聚乙烯,其密度为0.91~0.94克/厘米3,
(B)5~40(重)%的聚丙烯,和
(C)10~40(重)%的低结晶度或无定形乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物。
构成至少一个本发明热密封材料的树脂面层的树脂组合物将详述如下:
低密度聚乙烯(A)
用于这种树脂组合物的低密度聚乙烯包括乙烯均聚物和通常为线型的乙烯与少量的α-烯烃的共聚物。这种低密度聚乙烯的密度为0.91~0.94克/厘米3,特别是为0.91~0.93克/厘米3好,其结晶度超过40%。例如,α-烯烃至少可是这样一种,这种α-烯烃是从具有3-10个碳原子,最好具有3~6个碳原子,并可以具有一个支链的α-烯烃选择出来的,如丙烯、丁烯-〔1〕、4-甲基戊烯-〔1〕、己烯-〔1〕、辛烯-〔1〕和癸烯-〔1〕。以乙烯和α-烯烃的总量为基计算,α-烯烃的用量可不超过8(摩尔)%,最好不超过6(摩尔)%。
乙烯的均聚反应一般可在6,000~3,000大气压作用下有游离基引发剂存在时进行。乙烯与α-烯烃的共聚反应可通过众所周知的方法完成,如在低或中压下的浆液或溶液聚合方法。
通常所得到的乙烯均聚物或共聚物的熔融流动率〔MFB(E)〕为0.5~30克/10分钟,1-15克/10分钟较好,1~10克/10分钟为最好。
聚合物(A)的结晶度超过40%。这可拿一块硬化的压板试样用X-射线衍射仪测试而得到。
在本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕是用美国材料试验标准(ASTM)的D1238E方法测定的。
聚丙烯(B)
用于本发明的树脂组合物中的聚丙烯包括一种丙烯的均聚物和丙烯与少量的乙烯或另一种α-烯烃的共聚物。与丙烯共聚的α-烯烃通常是具有4~10个碳原子、最好是具有4~6个碳原子的α-烯烃,如丁烯-〔1〕、4-甲基戊烯-〔1〕、己烯-〔1〕和辛烯-〔1〕。乙烯和/或这些α-烯烃中的至少一种其用量以这种α-烯烃和丙烯总量为基计算不超过10(摩尔)%,最好不超过5(摩尔)%。共聚物可以是无规共聚物或嵌段共聚物,以无规共聚物为佳。
丙烯均聚反应或共聚反应可由众所周知的方法完成,如用浆液聚合方法或气相聚合方法。
通常聚丙烯是具有满意的结晶的,其结晶度常用X-射线衍射仪测量,至少为50%,最好为55%。理想情况下,聚丙烯的熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为0.5~50克/10分钟,1~10克/10分钟最好,特别好的为3~10克/10分钟。
乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物(C)
用于树脂组合物中的乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物包括若干种乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物,更确切地说是乙烯/α-烯烃的无规共聚物,乙烯含量通常为75~95(摩尔)%,为78~93(摩尔)最好,为85~93(摩尔)更佳。
乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物是低结晶或无定形的,拿一块硬化的压板试件用X-射线衍射仪测试,其结晶度不超过40%,不超过30%更佳,不超过20%最佳。
和乙烯一起共聚的α-烯烃至少是这样一种,这种α-烯烃含有3~10个碳原子,含有3~6个碳原子最好,并可以具有一个支链,例如丙烯、丁烯-〔1〕、4-甲基戊烯-〔1〕、己烯-〔1〕、辛烯-〔1〕和癸烯-〔1〕。乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚反应可用公知的方法完成,如用溶液聚合的方法。
乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物的熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕通常为0.4~50克/10分钟,为1-10克/10分钟较好,为1-5克/10分钟最好。
树脂组合物
构成本发明热密封材料的树脂面层的树脂组合物可通过混合低密度聚乙烯(A)、聚丙烯(B)和乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物(C)制得,这些成分的混合比例如下:
混合比例〔(重)%〕
成份 一般范围 较好范围 最好范围
(A) 30~85 40~75 45~65
(B) 5~40 10~30 15~25
(C) 10~40 15~30 20~30
上述重量百分比是以三种成分(A)、(B)和(C)的总量为基计算的。
这种树脂组合物通常含有用于聚烯烃的各种添加剂,象热稳定剂、防老化剂、抗静电剂、防起雾剂、防板结剂、光滑剂、润滑剂、颜料、着色和成晶核剂。
这种树脂组合物通过将其加工成薄膜或薄层的形状可作为热密封材料的树脂面层(热密封面层)。这种树脂组合物可用来作为构成热密封材料的两个相对着的热密封面层的树脂材料。通常适宜用这种树脂组合物作一个热密封面层用的树脂材料,另一种和它热熔的树脂材料用来作为其它热密封面层的材料,所述的其它树脂材料例如可是聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯和聚苯乙烯,而聚丙烯是最合适的材料。
下面的实例可说明本发明的热密封材料具有优良的低温热密封性能、易撕开性能、优良的界面撕开性能,并且,其热密封强度几乎与热密封温度无关。它能很好地为各种普通的包装材料作热密封材料。这种包装材料的例子如象聚丙烯这样的树脂容器和具有若干热密封面层的树脂薄膜包装袋。所述的容器具有用上述树脂组合物制造的热密封面层的封闭物。所述的包装袋至少有一个面层是用上述树脂组合物制造的。这些包装材料一般是密封包装材料,它们可以具有排气孔,因密封包装也不总是必要的。
利用本发明的热密封材料的易撕开的包装材料可在物品放入时或放入之前通过加热密封它的热密封面层而包装物品。处于包装状态的物品可免受在生产过程中以及包括海运、运输和储存的销售环节中所产生的诸如研撞、震动和挤压等外力的作用。施力撕热密封部分,热密封面层很容易地被撕开,从中取出包装的物品。
当用于本发明密封材料的树脂组合物用于树脂容器的封闭物材料的至少一个热密封面层时,或用于树脂薄膜包装袋的至少一个热密封面层时,封闭物材料的或包装袋的至少一个面层可单独由这种树脂组合物构成。为赋予诸如防渗气、耐油、防划伤和稳定性的功能,最好将一层皂化乙烯/乙烯基的共聚物、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚二氯乙烯、铝泊或一种双向拉伸聚乙烯薄膜层压到这种树脂组合物上。
下面的实例更具体地说明了本发明:
实例1-3
通过高压游离基聚合反应获得的低密度聚乙烯(LDPE),其结晶度为56%,密度为0.918克/厘米3,熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕为2.0克/10分钟;一种乙烯/丁烯-〔1〕的无规共聚物(EBC),其乙烯含量为89(摩尔)%,用X-射线衍射仪测试它的结晶度为10%,密度为0.885克/厘米3,熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕为3.6克/10分钟;一种丙烯均聚物(PP-1),其熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为7.0克/10分钟;将上述各组分按表1所示的比例用Henschel混合器混合。将该混合物在230℃的温度从40毫米T-模具薄膜成型机中挤出形成40微米厚的薄膜。另外,将熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为7.0克/10分钟的丙烯的均聚物模塑成为200微米厚的薄层。将所得到的上述薄膜和薄层用下面的方法热密封,并测试密封强度,同时,观察它的撕裂状态。
热密封强度测量的方法
将薄层和薄膜一层放置在另一层上,把定在表1所示各温度的一根5毫米宽的密封棒在2kg/厘米2的压力下压在叠置着的薄膜和薄层上,持续1秒钟,然后使已密封了的薄膜和薄层冷却。从样品上切下一条15毫米宽的试片,测量它在300毫米/分钟的丁字头速度下的T-撕裂强度,并定义为热密封强度(克/15毫米宽)。
撕裂状态
X:热密封接触面被撕裂
N:热密封接触面以外部分也被撕裂
O:密封部分破裂
热密封强度和撕裂状态在表1中示出。
实例4-5
除用具有4.5(摩尔)%的乙烯和具有用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量的熔点为135℃的丙烯/乙烯的共聚物(PP-2)代替(PP-1)外,重复实例1,LDPE和EBC的混合比例按表1所示调整,其结果在表1中示出。
实例6
除用结晶度为51%、熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕为2.0克/10分钟、密度为0.920克/厘米3和含量为3.0(摩尔)%的4-甲基戊烯-〔1〕的线型低密度聚乙烯(L-LDPE)代替LDPE外,重复实例1,EBC和PP-1的混合比例按表1所示的调整,其结果在表1中示出。
比较实例1
除不使用PP-1外,重复实例1,LDPE和EBC的混合比例按表1所示的改变。从表1可看出,不使用PP-1时,其热密封强度不如聚丙烯薄膜。
比较实例2
除不使用NBC外,重复实例1。LDPE和PP-1的混合比例按表1所示的调整,其结果在表1中示出。从表1可看出,不使用NBC时,热密封强度与热密封温度之间存在着良好的关系。但撕裂热密封面层时,密封部分破裂,且易于粘连破坏。当用这种薄膜作撕裂层时,部分密封层会留在撕离的面层上。
比较实例3
除用PP-2代替PP-1外,重复比较实例2,其结果在表1中示出。从表1可看出,它与比较实例2有同样的倾向。
比较实例4
除用实例6里使用的L-LDPE代替LDPE外,重复比较实例1,其结果在表1中示出。从表1可看出,热密封强度增加了,但撕裂状态与比较实例2相同。
比较实例5
除不使用LDPE外,重复实例1,EBC和PP-1的混合比例按表1所示的调整,其结果在表1中示出。从表1可看出,热密封温度高,温度与热密封强度的关系比实例1-6密切。
Claims (11)
1、一种热密封材料,它具有面对面地叠放并能热熔在一起的若干个树脂面层,其中,至少有一个面层是由一种树脂组合物形成的,该组合物包括:
(A)30~85(重)%的低密度聚乙烯,其密度为0.91~0.94克/厘米3,结晶度不超过40%,
(B)5~40(重)%的聚丙烯,和
(C)10~40(重)%的低结晶度或无定形乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物。
2、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述低密度聚乙烯的熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为0.5~30克/10分钟。
3、按权利要求2的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述低密度聚乙烯的熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕为1~15克/10分钟。
4、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述低密度聚乙烯的结晶度超过40%。
5、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯的熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为0.5~50克/10分钟。
6、按权利要求5的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述聚丙烯的熔融流动率〔MFR(L)〕为1~15克/10分钟。
7、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物的乙烯含量为75~95(摩尔)%。
8、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物的结晶度不超过40%。
9、按照权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物的熔融流动率〔MFR(E)〕为0.4~50克/10分钟。
10、按权利要求1的热密封材料,其特征在于,所述的树脂组合物包括:
(A)40~75(重)%的低密度聚乙烯,其密度为0.91~0.94克/厘米3,结晶度超过40%。
(B)10~30(重)%的聚丙烯,和
(C)15~30(重)%的低结晶度或无定形的乙烯/α-烯烃的共聚物。
11、一种具有权利要求1的热密封材料的易撕开的普通包装材料。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP317,191/87 | 1987-12-15 | ||
JP62317191A JPH07110532B2 (ja) | 1987-12-15 | 1987-12-15 | 易開封性包装体 |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1035123A true CN1035123A (zh) | 1989-08-30 |
CN1029317C CN1029317C (zh) | 1995-07-12 |
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CN88109253A Expired - Lifetime CN1029317C (zh) | 1987-12-15 | 1988-12-15 | 易撕开的热密封材料 |
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EP (1) | EP0321220B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH07110532B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR920001562B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1029317C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE82732T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1335956C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3876223T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2037245T3 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3006810T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK112293A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY104068A (zh) |
Cited By (6)
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CN101080460B (zh) * | 2004-12-16 | 2010-05-12 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 具有改进的耐刮擦性的聚丙烯组合物 |
CN102395468A (zh) * | 2009-04-30 | 2012-03-28 | 博里利斯股份公司 | 包含含有C4-10α烯烃的聚烯烃的组合物和薄膜 |
CN101111544B (zh) * | 2004-11-29 | 2012-11-14 | 东丽薄膜先端加工株式会社 | 聚丙烯类膜及其叠层体 |
CN102905897A (zh) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-01-30 | 出光统一科技株式会社 | 多层片、热成形容器以及易开封包装体 |
CN103965805A (zh) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 戴武兵 | 一种胶黏剂组合物及其应用 |
CN110588120A (zh) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-20 | 厦门长塑实业有限公司 | 一种耐高温蒸煮、易剥离的高阻隔尼龙复合膜及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4035343A1 (de) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-14 | Hoechst Ag | Heisssiegelfaehige verpackungsfolie |
DE4035344A1 (de) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-14 | Hoechst Ag | Heisssiegelfaehige verpackungsfolie |
FR2677989B1 (fr) * | 1991-06-21 | 1994-07-01 | Sofrapo Commerciale | Compositions contenant des copolymeres d'ethylene et films obtenus. |
IT1272132B (it) * | 1993-03-23 | 1997-06-11 | Teknolinea Srl | Cassonetto ad elementi modulari componibili per serramenti |
DK170114B1 (da) * | 1993-05-05 | 1995-05-29 | Raackmanns Fab As | Poseemballage fremstillet af fleksibelt emballagemateriale og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af denne |
US5643999A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1997-07-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Co-extrudable adhesives with good age-down resistance |
IT1276120B1 (it) * | 1995-11-14 | 1997-10-24 | Montell Technology Company Bv | Film multistrato estensibili basati su lldpe |
AU3403097A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-07 | Dow Chemical Company, The | Peelable-seal compositions and sealant film layers |
JP2000272064A (ja) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 複合多層シート |
JP2000272065A (ja) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-03 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 複合多層シート |
US6262174B1 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2001-07-17 | The Dow Chemical Company | Polymer compositions which exhibit high hot tack |
JP4731699B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-16 | 2011-07-27 | 三井化学東セロ株式会社 | 熱融着フィルム及びそれからなる包装体 |
JP6150687B2 (ja) * | 2013-09-04 | 2017-06-21 | サン・トックス株式会社 | 多層シーラントフィルム |
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JPS57174329A (en) * | 1981-04-21 | 1982-10-27 | Du Pont Mitsui Polychem Co Ltd | Resin composition for extrusion molding |
JPS581672A (ja) * | 1981-06-23 | 1983-01-07 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | 易開封性熱封緘包装体 |
JPS58209550A (ja) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-06 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 易開封性密封包装用積層材 |
JPS6060230U (ja) * | 1983-10-03 | 1985-04-26 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | イ−ジ−オ−プニング蓋材 |
EP0196727A1 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-08 | Stamicarbon B.V. | Multilayer bag provided with a peelable seal |
-
1987
- 1987-12-15 JP JP62317191A patent/JPH07110532B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-12-12 CA CA000585596A patent/CA1335956C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-12 MY MYPI88001436A patent/MY104068A/en unknown
- 1988-12-14 DE DE8888311841T patent/DE3876223T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-14 AT AT88311841T patent/ATE82732T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-14 KR KR1019880016630A patent/KR920001562B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-14 ES ES198888311841T patent/ES2037245T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-14 EP EP88311841A patent/EP0321220B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-15 CN CN88109253A patent/CN1029317C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-01-14 GR GR930400065T patent/GR3006810T3/el unknown
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Cited By (8)
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CN101111544B (zh) * | 2004-11-29 | 2012-11-14 | 东丽薄膜先端加工株式会社 | 聚丙烯类膜及其叠层体 |
CN101080460B (zh) * | 2004-12-16 | 2010-05-12 | 沙特基础工业公司 | 具有改进的耐刮擦性的聚丙烯组合物 |
CN102395468A (zh) * | 2009-04-30 | 2012-03-28 | 博里利斯股份公司 | 包含含有C4-10α烯烃的聚烯烃的组合物和薄膜 |
CN102905897A (zh) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-01-30 | 出光统一科技株式会社 | 多层片、热成形容器以及易开封包装体 |
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CN103965805A (zh) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-06 | 戴武兵 | 一种胶黏剂组合物及其应用 |
CN110588120A (zh) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-20 | 厦门长塑实业有限公司 | 一种耐高温蒸煮、易剥离的高阻隔尼龙复合膜及其制备方法 |
CN110588120B (zh) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-07-27 | 厦门长塑实业有限公司 | 一种耐高温蒸煮、易剥离的高阻隔尼龙复合膜及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HK112293A (en) | 1993-10-29 |
CN1029317C (zh) | 1995-07-12 |
CA1335956C (en) | 1995-06-20 |
DE3876223T2 (de) | 1993-04-01 |
MY104068A (en) | 1993-11-30 |
JPH07110532B2 (ja) | 1995-11-29 |
DE3876223D1 (de) | 1993-01-07 |
KR890009610A (ko) | 1989-08-03 |
GR3006810T3 (zh) | 1993-06-30 |
KR920001562B1 (ko) | 1992-02-18 |
EP0321220A2 (en) | 1989-06-21 |
EP0321220B1 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
EP0321220A3 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
JPH01157847A (ja) | 1989-06-21 |
ES2037245T3 (es) | 1993-06-16 |
ATE82732T1 (de) | 1992-12-15 |
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C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CX01 | Expiry of patent term |