CN103495731A - Method for manufacturing pure titanium porous structure through selective laser melting - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing pure titanium porous structure through selective laser melting Download PDFInfo
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- CN103495731A CN103495731A CN201310395502.4A CN201310395502A CN103495731A CN 103495731 A CN103495731 A CN 103495731A CN 201310395502 A CN201310395502 A CN 201310395502A CN 103495731 A CN103495731 A CN 103495731A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a pure titanium porous structure through selective laser melting. The method for manufacturing the pure titanium porous structure through selective laser melting comprises the following steps that firstly, a three-dimensional model of the porous structure to be manufactured is built in a computer; secondly, hierarchical preprocessing is conducted on the built three-dimensional model; thirdly, 3D printing parameters are set, hierarchical processing is conducted on the three-dimensional mode, and a file of a corresponding format is saved and exported; fourthly, the exported file is imported into 3D printing equipment, and 3D printing is conducted. According to the method for manufacturing the pure titanium porous structure through selective laser melting, metal parts with various macro-structure porous structures can be manufactured according to actual requirements, one-time forming is realized, the shortcomings of unstable mechanical properties and a simplex shape caused by a traditional processing method are overcome, and processing efficiency and economic benefit are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of loose structure, relate in particular to a kind of method that selective laser melting prepares pure titanium loose structure.
Background technology
Titanium and alloy thereof, owing to having good mechanical property and biocompatibility, are widely used in the reparation of clinical medicine bone and bone and implant field.Yet fine and close titanium and the elastic modelling quantity of alloy thereof, far above people's bone modulus, easily cause " stress shielding " effect, cause the problems such as osteonecrosis, distortion and implant become flexible.POROUS TITANIUM and alloy thereof are owing to having unique pore structure, the performance that the bone sclerous tissues that has and be replaced is complementary, can effectively weaken or the screen effect that eliminates stress, also help Gegenbaur's cell simultaneously and grow in hole and form inner-lock-type and inlay fixingly, promote regeneration and the reconstruction of tissue.Therefore, POROUS TITANIUM and alloy thereof have broad application prospects, and become the current research focus.Yet traditional porous metal material preparation technology's influence factor is too much, flow process is complicated, can't one-shot forming, and the ubiquity pore structure can not accurately be controlled, internal void is communicated with the problems such as rate variance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary for problems of the prior art, a kind of method that provides selective laser melting to prepare pure titanium loose structure, solving prior art can not one-time formed problem, can more accurately control the forming dimension of part, realize the one-shot forming of loose structure.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following scheme:
A kind of selective laser melting prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure, comprises the following steps:
S1, set up the threedimensional model of the loose structure of required preparation in computer;
S2, the threedimensional model of setting up is carried out to layer preprocessing, described layer preprocessing comprises definite Print direction, and in the bottom of threedimensional model, supporting construction is set;
S3, the 3D print parameters is set, threedimensional model is carried out to the layering processing, threedimensional model is resolved into to the three-dimensional structure that a plurality of bed thickness are equal along Print direction, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format;
S4, the file of described derivation is imported to the 3D printing device, carry out the 3D printing.
Preferably, in S3, the bed thickness of decomposition is 30～80 μ m.
Preferably, in S3, described 3D print parameters comprises scan mode, sweep speed, power and the compensating factor of putting position, disposing way and the laser of part.
Preferably, described sweep speed is 275～510mm/s, and power is 90～100W, and compensating factor is 10～40 μ m; Scan mode is ecto-entad.
Preferably, described sweep speed comprises inner scanning speed and outer boundary sweep speed, and wherein, inner scanning speed is 275～385mm/s, outer boundary scanning 425～510mm/s.
Preferably, described S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to the required condition of work;
S402, the file of deriving is imported to the 3D printing device;
S403,3D printing device, according to the print parameters of setting, are used pure titanium material powder to carry out the 3D printing in the mode that increases the material printing.
Preferably, described 3D printing device is the 3D printing device that the model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is SLM-125HL.
Preferably, described pure titanium material powder is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20～100 μ m.
Preferably, in the process of 3D printing device, in the processing cabin of 3D printing device, pass into pure argon as protective gas.
Preferably, in S401, the base station temperature that the required condition of described work is the 3D printing device is not less than 200 ℃, and in the processing cabin, oxygen content is lower than 0.2%.
A kind of selective laser melting provided by the invention prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure, employing increases the manufacture that the material manufacture method is carried out structure, success adopts metal powder material to manufacture loose structure, be not subject to the impact of macroscopical External Shape, it controls the high energy laser beam scanning pattern by computer, melt powder metal materials under high temperature, and successively pile up, according to threedimensional model, produce the entity metal parts; Also can there is the metal parts of the loose structure of various macrostructure according to the actual requirement manufacture, realize one-shot forming, overcome the drawback that mechanical property is unstable, shape is single that traditional processing brings, and improve working (machining) efficiency and economic benefit.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation method's flow chart that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Fig. 2 is the 3D printing device structural representation used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is pure titanium loose structure schematic diagram prepared by the embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of method that selective laser melting prepares pure titanium loose structure, the 3D printing device that its model that has adopted German SLM Solutions Gmbh company to produce is SLM-125HL, the software kit of use is SLM AutoFab MCS1.1 or the SLM AutoFab641.8 software that this equipment carries.
Described method specifically comprises the following steps:
S1, set up the threedimensional model of the loose structure of required preparation in computer; According to the required practical structures for preparing part, use engineering drawing software such as solidworks, UG, ProE, design and set up the threedimensional model of actual loose structure, and save as the STL form.Wherein, the parameter of threedimensional model need be as the criterion with the actual parameter of loose structure, comprises shape, the size of external integral body, Inner structural shape, polygonal side length and wall thickness etc.
S2, the threedimensional model of setting up is carried out to layer preprocessing: described layer preprocessing comprises definite Print direction, and in the bottom of threedimensional model, supporting construction is set.Particularly, after determining Print direction, at threedimensional model, along the bottom of Print direction, supporting construction is set, and according to circumstances height, distribution and the density degree of supporting construction is designed.
S3, the 3D print parameters is set, threedimensional model is carried out to the layering processing, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format.Particularly, described 3D print parameters comprises scan mode, sweep speed, power and the compensating factor of putting position, disposing way and the laser of part.Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inner scanning speed of setting the 3D printing device is 275～385mm/s, and inner scanning power is 90～100W; The outer boundary sweep speed is 425～510mm/s, and the outer boundary scan power is 90～100W; The support sweep speed is 425～500mm/s, and the support scan power is 90～100W; Scan mode is that ecto-entad carries out; The hot spot compensating factor is set as 10～40 μ m; Putting position is determined according to quantity and the size of institute's processing parts, accomplishes not block mutually, and mutually noninterfere, and make the part horizontal direction become 35～miter angle with the base station direction of motion.
Threedimensional model is carried out to the layering processing, be about to threedimensional model and resolve into along Print direction the three-dimensional structure that a plurality of bed thickness are equal.Particularly, use SLM AutoFab641.8 software to carry out the layering processing to the threedimensional model established: along Print direction, this threedimensional model to be divided into to the synusia that some bed thickness are equal, bed thickness is generally 30～80 μ m, need specifically set according to the granularity of the pure titanium material powder used in the 3D printing device.
Finally, preserve and derive with the SLM form, described SLM form is the discernible file format of 3D printing device.
S4, the SLM formatted file of described derivation is imported to the 3D printing device, carry out the 3D printing.
In embodiments of the present invention, the 3D printing device that the model of having used German SLM Solutions Gmbh company to produce is SLM-125HL carries out part processing.Shown in Fig. 2, in described S4, the course of work of 3D printing device specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to the required condition of work.Preferably, in the process of 3D printing device, can pass into pure argon (purity is 99.999%) as protective gas in cabin 2 to processing, the passing into of pure argon is operated in the preparatory stage and just need to carries out.Particularly,, open the argon gas valve, pass into Compressed Gas opening device without after abnormal at checkout facility; Start SLM AutoFab MCS1.1 software, and leveling substrate 7, make it equal with work chamber 2 bottom surfaces, start to heat and open protection gas air inlet 3 and the protection gas gas outlet 9 in processing cabin 2.Until the temperature of base station 7 reaches 200 ℃, the oxygen content in processing cabin 2 lower than 0.2% the time, has reached the required condition of work.
S402, the SLM formatted file of deriving is imported to the 3D printing device; Click start button.
S403, according to the file imported, the 3D printing device is according to the print parameters of setting, and uses pure titanium material powder to carry out the 3D printing in the mode that increases material and print.Wherein, the pure titanium material powder used in the embodiment of the present invention is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20～100 μ m.
Particularly, in processing cabin 2, power spreading device 4 is parked in base station 7 right-hand members, and at first power spreading device 4 levels are to left movement, and the pure titanium material powder uniform spreading that power spreading device 4 inside are delivered is on base station 7; The bed thickness of the complete unit of every paving, galvanometer system 10 carries out laser scanning manufacturing according to the parameter of the three-dimensional structure of part model and setting to the pure titanium material powder of this layer; Often process one deck three-dimensional structure, base station 7 moves downward a bed thickness, and power spreading device 4 levels move right to initial position, again spread powder, then carries out laser scanning by galvanometer system 10, so repeatedly, until loose structure part 8 machines.Add man-hour, pure titanium material powder (not shown) unnecessary between the cavity in part 8 and processing cabin 2 can reclaim by recovery bin passage 5,6.
S404, pawnshop powder device 4 are interior during without pure titanium material powder, get back to and the contact position that adds powder pipeline 1, by adding powder pipeline 1, are added the powder operation.Add after powder completes and restart to move the work of interrupting in S403, until complete.
S405, machine rear equipment and stop voluntarily, begin to cool down function, part 8 can be taken out to normal temperature, also separate part 8 in last clearing up and processing cabin 2 with supporting construction.
After S406, part 8 machine, also can carry out the processing such as sandblast, polishing to part 8 surfaces according to the actual requirements.
The remarkable technique effect that the machined parameters provided for the checking embodiment of the present invention produces, the inventor has carried out detailed contrast experiment.Wherein, as shown in Figure 3, concrete correction data as shown in Table 1 for the loose structure prepared in experiment.
Table one
| The aperture of threedimensional model (μ m) | 800 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Aperture under the conventional machining parameter (μ m) | 636 | 720 | 1806 |
| Aperture under the optimizing machining technology parameter (μ m) | 798±39 | 977±24 | 1968±20 |
The inventor has set up the threedimensional model of three kinds of different size loose structures in experiment, and uses different machined parameters to process respectively part to be contrasted.Wherein, in the threedimensional model of the loose structure of three kinds of different sizes, pore wall thickness L is 400 μ m, and aperture R is respectively 800 μ m, 1000 μ m and 2000 μ m.The aperture data that to produce part in table one contrast; Wherein, the conventional machining parameter refers to machined parameters commonly used in prior art, and the part aperture average of the aperture value in table for using the different conventional machining parameter of many groups to process; The optimizing machining technology parameter refers to the machined parameters that the embodiment of the present invention provides, and the part aperture average of corresponding aperture value for using the different optimizing machining technology parameter of many groups to process, simultaneously, also show the error amount in the aperture under the optimizing machining technology parameter in table.
Known according to experimental result, at least, from this numerical value of aperture, the aperture of the part that the machined parameters that uses the embodiment of the present invention to provide processes approaches the aperture of target threedimensional model more, and precision has at least improved more than 10%.Be not difficult to find out, the aperture of required processing parts is less simultaneously, and the raising degree of precision is more remarkable.On the whole, the machined parameters that the embodiment of the present invention provides, improved more than 10% the machining accuracy of pure titanium loose structure, and more meet the process requirements of minute sized loose structure.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a selective laser melting prepares the method for pure titanium loose structure, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S1, set up the threedimensional model of the loose structure of required preparation in computer;
S2, the threedimensional model of setting up is carried out to layer preprocessing, described layer preprocessing comprises definite Print direction, and in the bottom of threedimensional model, supporting construction is set;
S3, the 3D print parameters is set, threedimensional model is carried out to the layering processing, threedimensional model is resolved into to the three-dimensional structure that a plurality of bed thickness are equal along Print direction, preserve and derive the file of corresponding format;
S4, the file of described derivation is imported to the 3D printing device, carry out the 3D printing.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in S3, the bed thickness of decomposition is 30～80 μ m.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in S3, described 3D print parameters comprises scan mode, sweep speed, power and the compensating factor of putting position, disposing way and the laser of part.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described sweep speed is 275～510mm/s, and power is 90～100W, and compensating factor is 10～40 μ m; Scan mode is ecto-entad.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described sweep speed comprises inner scanning speed and outer boundary sweep speed, and wherein, inner scanning speed is 275～385mm/s, outer boundary scanning 425～510mm/s.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described S4 specifically comprises the following steps:
S401, wait 3D printing device are preheated to the required condition of work;
S402, the file of deriving is imported to the 3D printing device;
S403,3D printing device, according to the print parameters of setting, are used pure titanium material powder to carry out the 3D printing in the mode that increases the material printing.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described 3D printing device is the 3D printing device that model that German SLM Solutions Gmbh company produces is SLM-125HL.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described pure titanium material powder is the pure titanium of secondary, and its powder particle is between 20～100 μ m.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in the process of 3D printing device, in the processing cabin of 3D printing device, passes into pure argon as protective gas.
10. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in S401, the base station temperature that the required condition of described work is the 3D printing device is not less than 200 ℃, and in the processing cabin, oxygen content is lower than 0.2%.
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