CN113021891A - Laser 3D printing method for AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool - Google Patents
Laser 3D printing method for AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN113021891A CN113021891A CN202011591057.5A CN202011591057A CN113021891A CN 113021891 A CN113021891 A CN 113021891A CN 202011591057 A CN202011591057 A CN 202011591057A CN 113021891 A CN113021891 A CN 113021891A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000981 epithelium Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser 3D printing method for an AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool, which comprises a cutter type selection module, a printing model structure arrangement module, a parameter setting module and a 3D printer, wherein the cutter type selection module is used for a 3D printing cutter, an aluminum alloy printing doctor blade is selected, a high-speed planer cutter is clamped by 2K-shaped rubber strips, the K-shaped rubber strips are rubber strips with two 30-degree drawing bosses, and a composite doctor blade is provided with a rear powder falling prevention sheet, wherein the 3D printing machine parameter setting is carried out on printing parts arranged and printed by the printing model structure arrangement module and the parameter setting module in layered software, and the 3D printer is adopted for printing after the cutter type selection module, the printing model structure arrangement module and the parameter setting module are set. The laser 3D printing process of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy part with the wall thickness less than 30mm and the height less than 300mm can be realized, and the laser 3D printing process is successfully used for the laser 3D printing of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tools and appliances.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a laser 3D printing method for an AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool.
Background
Metal laser 3D printing is powder bed melting. And melting the powder particles together point by using a laser, and processing layer by layer until the object is finished. The powder bed melting system has a heat source and a powder distribution control mechanism.
During metal laser 3D printing, a number of problems may arise that the equipment operator attempts to avoid, including voids, residual stresses, warping, cracks, localized bulging, and the like.
Common defects of metal laser 3D printing
1. Pores of
During laser 3D printing of a part, very small holes inside can form voids, which can be caused by the metal laser 3D printing process itself or by the powder. These micro-holes can reduce the overall density of the part, leading to cracking and fatigue problems.
During the atomization milling process, gas bubbles may form inside the powder, which will be transferred to the final part. More commonly, the metal laser 3D printing process itself creates pinholes. For example, when the laser power is too low, the metal powder may not be sufficiently melted. When the power is too high, the phenomenon of metal splashing can occur, and the molten metal flies out of the molten pool and enters the surrounding area.
When the powder size is larger than the layer thickness, or the laser lap is too sparse, pinholes will appear. The lack of complete flow of molten metal to the corresponding areas also causes pinholes to appear.
To address these issues, in metal laser 3D printing processes, powder splatter may be reduced by adjusting the spot shape, e.g., "pulse shaping" may achieve gradual melting of the regions.
2. Residual stress
In metal laser 3D printing, residual stress is caused by cold-heat variation, expansion-contraction processes. When the residual stress exceeds the tensile strength of the material or substrate, defects such as cracks in the part or warpage of the substrate may occur.
The residual stress is most concentrated at the joint of the part and the substrate, the central position of the part is provided with larger compressive stress, and the edge of the part is provided with larger tensile stress.
Residual stresses can be reduced by adding support structures because they are at higher temperatures than the substrate alone. Once the component is removed from the substrate, the residual stresses are relieved, but the component may deform during this process.
In order to reduce residual stress, temperature fluctuations must be controlled, and instead of continuous laser scanning, a reduction in the length of the scanning vector can be used. The support is selected to firmly connect the part on the platform, and the body support is used for rapid heat conduction.
3. Crack(s)
In addition to cracking of the internal porosity of the part, cracking can occur as the molten metal solidifies or as a region is further heated. If the heat source power is too high, stress may be generated during cooling.
Delamination may occur, leading to interlayer cracking. This may be caused by insufficient powder melting or by remelting of several layers below the bath.
4. Warp of
To ensure a smooth start of the print job, the printed first layer is fused to the substrate. When printing is completed, the part is separated from the substrate by wire cutting processing. However, if the substrate thermal stress exceeds its strength, the substrate may warp, eventually causing the part to warp, with the risk of the blade hitting the part.
To prevent warping, an appropriate amount of support needs to be added in place.
5. Local bump
Other deformations, such as shot peening, expansion or balling, cause the molten metal to locally bulge out of the height of the powder during laser 3D printing of the metal.
(II) reasons for defects generated by metal laser 3D printing
1. Problems of powder quality
The powder has impurity powder, the powder has poor fluidity and the powder particles are too large.
2. Unreasonable laser parameters
Too low a laser power may result in insufficient melting of the metal powder. When the power is too high, the phenomenon of metal splashing can occur, and the molten metal flies out of the molten pool and enters the surrounding area. The laser lap is too sparse and pinholes will appear. The laser scanning control is not reasonable, and the residual stress can be increased.
3. Unreasonable powder scraping mode
For the rigid scraping strip, due to expansion, spheroidization, local warping and the like, the molten metal bulges to exceed the height of the powder, so that the rigid scraping strip collides and scrapes with a printing workpiece, equipment is stopped to cause failure, and printing fails.
For the flexible scraping strip, due to the fact that the rigidity of the flexible scraping strip is not enough, in the powder scraping process, the scraping strip can generate powder ejection on the powder facing side of a support and a workpiece, the molten metal is locally raised to exceed the height of the powder, due to an accumulation effect, the powder spreading thickness of a multi-layer rear powder layer is uneven, printing layering and warping occur, equipment is stopped to break down, and printing fails.
(III) laser 3D printing status of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool
Due to the particularity of application occasions, the electric non-standard metal tool is generally thicker than the electric non-standard metal tool and larger in size, and in the metal powder laser 3D printing process, the thick bottom of a part is too large, so that the support is broken, warping is caused, or powder is blown out due to a powder scraping knife, and layering and bulging are caused.
Because the density of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy powder is low, the powder is very easy to be raised in the printing process, and in addition, the heat transfer speed of the aluminum alloy is high, the specific heat capacity is large, and the thermal expansion coefficient is large, so that the defects of pores, delamination, warping, cracks and local bulging often occur in the laser 3D printing process of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy large-thickness part, and other practical part cases with large thickness (the thickness is more than 20mm) and the height of more than 200mm are not inquired at home at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the laser 3D printing method for the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool is provided to solve the problems in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a laser 3D printing method for an AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool comprises the following steps: the automatic powder feeding device comprises a cutter type selection module, a printing model structural arrangement module, a parameter setting module and a 3D printer, wherein the cutter type selection module is used for a 3D printing cutter, an aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is selected, the aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is provided with two rubber strip scrapers with 30-degree drawing bosses and an alloy planer cutter, the alloy planer cutter is fixedly connected between the two rubber strip scrapers, the aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is provided with a rear powder falling prevention sheet, the printing model structural arrangement module is used for part structural selection and part arrangement printing, the parameter setting module comprises a model layering parameter, a part frame track parameter, a starting point repositioning parameter, a part intradermal track parameter, a part hypodermis track parameter, a support track parameter, a part epithelium scanning parameter, a part intradermal scanning parameter, a part hypodermis scanning parameter, a support scanning parameter and an annealing parameter, and the part arranged and printed by the printing model structural arrangement module and the parameter setting module carry out 3D printing in layering software And setting parameters of the printer, namely, printing by adopting a 3D printer after the settings of the cutter type selection module, the printing model structure arrangement module and the parameter setting module are finished.
The part structure selected by the printing model structure arrangement module can not be a closed container, the cylindrical thickness of the part is less than 30mm, the beam length of the part is less than 100mm, and the part is provided with a fillet transition at the transition position; the printing model structure arrangement module is used for arranging the printed parts, the long edges of the parts are upward, the vertical projection area of the parts on the bottom plate is the smallest, the parts are supported in a conical manner on the surface parallel to the bottom plate, and the massive supports among the suspended large thick beams in the parts are thickened properly.
The method for setting the model layering parameters comprises the following steps: the thickness of the slice of the part is 0.02mm, and the part is scanned and supported every 2 layers.
The method for setting the track parameters of the part frame comprises the following steps: starting a scanning frame, compensating the light spot to be 0.065mm, setting the frame number to be 2, setting the boundary distance to be 0.04mm, setting the frame to be filled, compensating the frame to be filled to be 0.04mm, and setting the scanning sequence to be Out2 In.
The starting point relocation parameter setting method comprises the following steps: the origin relocation parameter mode is set to Random, and the origin relocation parameter is set to no optimization enabled.
The method for setting the intradermal track parameters of the parts comprises the following steps: setting pattern filling offset to be 0.09mm, setting the filling pattern type to be stripe, and setting the stripe parameters to be: the scanning interval is 0.09mm, the stripe size is 7mm, the stripe offset is 0.04mm, the pattern filling sequence is an optimized sequence, the rotation initial angle is 67 degrees, the rotation increment is 67 degrees, and the displacement coefficient is 20; the method for setting the parameters of the part skin-removing track comprises the following steps: part skinning orbit parameter sets up to start, and the pattern is filled the skew and is 0.04mm, and the split frame sets up to start, and the transition zone is 0.03mm, and the area tolerance is 0.03mm, and the filling pattern type is the stripe, and the stripe parameter is: the scanning distance is 0.06mm, the stripe size is 10mm, the stripe offset is 0.04mm, the pattern filling sequence is an optimized sequence, the rotation initial angle is 0 degrees, the rotation increment is 0 degrees, and the displacement coefficient is 1; the method for setting the parameters of the supporting track comprises the following steps: the support track parameters are set to start, the pattern fill offset is 0.1mm, and the scanning light speed spacing is 0.2 mm.
The method for setting the epithelial scanning parameters of the part comprises the following steps: setting the boundary, the following boundary, the filling frame, the blocked path and the scanning beam of the epithelial scanning parameters of the part to be the same: the diameter of the laser is 0.080mm, the speed of the laser is 500mm/s, and the power of the laser is 150W; the method for setting the intradermal scanning parameters of the parts comprises the following steps: setting the boundary of the part intradermal scanning parameter to be the same as the following boundary: the laser diameter is 0.085mm, the laser speed is 800mm/s, and the laser power is 280W; the parameters of the filling frame, the blocked path and the scanning beam for setting the intradermal scanning parameters of the parts are the same: the laser diameter is 0.085mm, the laser speed is 1200mm/s, and the laser power is 320W.
The method for setting the scanning parameters of the lower skin of the part comprises the following steps: setting the boundary of the scanning parameters of the lower skin of the part, following the boundary, filling the frame, blocking the path and scanning the light beam to be the same: the laser diameter is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1000mm/s, and the laser power is 250W.
The setting method of the support scanning parameters comprises the following steps: the physical support scanning beam parameters for setting the support scanning parameters are as follows: the diameter of the laser is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1500mm/s, and the laser power is 290W; the non-solid support parameters for the support scan parameters are set as follows: the laser diameter is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1500mm/s, and the laser power is 300W.
The setting method of the annealing parameters comprises the following steps: and setting annealing parameters to enable the printed part and the base plate to be placed into a vacuum high-temperature sintering furnace for annealing immediately after printing is finished, eliminating laser printing stress of the part and recrystallizing, wherein the annealing temperature is 340 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the part is cooled along with the furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the laser 3D printing process of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy part with the wall thickness less than 30mm and the height less than 300mm is successfully used for the laser 3D printing of the AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1: a laser 3D printing method for an AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool comprises an aluminum alloy printing doctor blade, a printing part model structure, printing part model arrangement, model layering parameters, part frame track parameters, starting point repositioning parameters, part intradermal track parameters, part hypodermis track parameters, supporting track parameters, part epithelial scanning parameters, part intradermal scanning parameters, part hypodermis scanning parameters, supporting scanning parameters and annealing parameters, wherein the printing part model arrangement, the model layering parameters, the part frame track parameters, the starting point repositioning parameters, the part intradermal track parameters, the part hypodermis track parameters, the supporting track parameters, the part epithelial scanning parameters, the part intradermal scanning parameters, the part hypodermis scanning parameters and the supporting scanning parameters are subjected to printing machine parameter setting in layering software.
In order to ensure the once success rate of laser 3D printing of AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tools, no printing curling, warping and layering occur, slight balling and bump planing correction are performed simultaneously, an aluminum alloy printing doctor blade (application No. 2020103145737) is selected as the printing doctor blade, the aluminum alloy printing doctor blade is provided with a K-shaped rubber strip scraper and an alloy planer blade with two 30-degree drawing bosses, the alloy planer blade is fixedly connected between the two K-shaped rubber strip scrapers, and the aluminum alloy printing doctor blade is provided with a rear-falling-prevention powder sheet.
Laser 3D prints and is a laser selective melting, belongs to local powder melting shaping, and the part internal stress is big, for avoiding taking place warpage, crackle among the printing process and leading to printing the termination to and avoid printing the powder support and being sealed in the part, it must accord with the casting principle to print the part model structure, can not be for sealing the container, and part cylindric thickness is less than 30mm, and part roof beam length is less than 100mm, and the part establishes circular transition, no stress concentration closed angle.
In order to avoid the situation that the printed part generates large strain in the direction parallel to the bottom plate to cause the support of the printed part to be broken and warped, the printed part model arrangement must ensure that the long edge is upward, the vertical projection area of the part on the bottom plate is as small as possible, the surface parallel to the bottom plate is properly supported in a tapered manner, and the massive support between the suspended large thick beams in the part is properly thickened.
In order to ensure the printing precision of the aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool, ensure the penetration and simultaneously ensure the printing speed, the Part Slice Thickness (Part Slice Thickness) of the Part model layering parameters is 0.02mm, and each several layers of scanning supports (Scan supports) are 2 layers.
The smoothness of the part boundary is not guaranteed, meanwhile, the boundary penetration is guaranteed, the surface crack source is reduced, the part frame track parameters are set to enable a scanning frame, the spot Compensation (Beam Compensation) is 0.065mm, the Number of frames (numbers of bonders) is 2, the boundary Distance (boundary Distance) is 0.04mm, the filling frame is set to enable, the filling frame Compensation (Fill Border Offset) is 0.04mm, and the scanning sequence (Scan Order) is Out2 In.
To avoid overlap of melting points of each layer, resulting in overburning and crack defects, the Mode (Mode) of the origin relocation parameter is Random, and is set to not enable optimization.
In order to ensure that the melting energy of each layer in the part is uniformly distributed and supplemented layer by layer, the Pattern filling Offset (Hatch Offset) of the intradermal track parameter of the part is 0.09mm, the filling Pattern Type (Fill Pattern Type) is strips, and the strip parameter (strips Parameters) is: the hash Distance was 0.09mm, the Stripe Size was 7mm, the Stripe Offset was 0.04mm, the hash Sorting was Optimized Sorting, the Rotation Start Angle was 67 °, the Rotation Increment was 67 °, and the Shift Factor was 20.
To ensure that the lower surface layer of the part is smooth, the part subcutaneous trace parameter is set to be enabled, the Hatch Offset is 0.04mm, the Split Borders is set to be enabled, the Transition Area is 0.03mm, the Area Tolerance is 0.03mm, the Fill Pattern Type is strips, and the strip parameter is: the hash Distance is 0.06mm, the Stripe Size is 10mm, the Stripe Offset is 0.04mm, the hash Sorting is Optimized Sorting, the Rotation Start Angle is 0 °, the Rotation Increment is 0 °, and the Shift Factor is 1.
In order to ensure that the support printing is not pilling and bulging, and avoid the jamming of the doctor blade due to large friction force, the support track parameter is set to be started, the Hatch Offset (pattern filling Offset) is 0.1mm, and the Hatch Distance (scanning light speed interval) is 0.2 mm.
To ensure the epithelial finish of the part, the epithelial powder is sufficiently melted and the parameters of the parts epithelium scan are the same for Border, followingborders, Fill Borders, Blocked path, and Hatches: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.080mm, Laser Speed is 500mm/s, and Laser Power is 150W.
To ensure that the interior of the part is sufficiently melted, the porosity is reduced, and the printing speed is increased, the Border (boundary) and Following Border (boundary) parameters of the intradermal scanning parameters of the part are the same: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.085mm, Laser Speed is 800mm/s, and Laser Power is 280W; fill Borders, Blocked path, and Hatches parameters for part intradermal scan parameters were the same: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.085mm, Laser Speed (Laser Speed) is 1200mm/s, and Laser Power (Laser Power) is 320W.
To ensure that the lower surface of the part is sufficiently melted and bonded to the support well, while also increasing the printing speed, the parameters of the subcutaneous scan of the part are the same for Border, Following Border, Fill Border, Blocked path, and Hatches: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.080mm, Laser Speed is 1000mm/s, and Laser Power is 250W.
To ensure Support shaping and sufficient strength, and no pilling and no fault, the Solid Support (Solid Support) scanning beam (hashes) parameters supporting the scanning parameters are: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.080mm, Laser Speed is 1500mm/s, and Laser Power is 290W; the Non-Solid Support (Non-Solid Support) parameters for supporting the scanning parameters (13) are as follows: laser Diameter (Laser Diameter) is 0.080mm, Laser Speed is 1500mm/s, and Laser Power is 300W;
in order to reduce the internal stress of the aluminum alloy printed part, avoid delayed cracks, improve the metallographic structure of the part and improve the conductivity of the laser 3D printed aluminum alloy electric power fitting, the annealing parameters are that the printed part and the base plate are put into a vacuum high-temperature sintering furnace for annealing immediately after the printing is finished, the laser printing stress of the part is eliminated, the recrystallization is carried out, the annealing temperature is 340 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the part is cooled along with the furnace.
AlSi10Mg (20 micron) electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing machine configuration parameters
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A laser 3D printing method for AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tools and instruments is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the automatic powder feeding device comprises a cutter type selection module, a printing model structural arrangement module, a parameter setting module and a 3D printer, wherein the cutter type selection module is used for a 3D printing cutter, an aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is selected, the aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is provided with two adhesive tape scrapers with 30-degree drawing bosses and an alloy planer cutter, the alloy planer cutter is fixedly connected between the two adhesive tape scrapers, the aluminum alloy printing powder scraping cutter is provided with a back powder falling prevention sheet, the printing model structural arrangement module is used for part structural selection and part arrangement printing, the parameter setting module comprises a model layering parameter, a part frame track parameter, a starting point repositioning parameter, a part intradermal track parameter, a part hypodermis track parameter, a support track parameter, a part epithelium scanning parameter, a part intradermal scanning parameter, a part hypodermis scanning parameter, a support scanning parameter and an annealing parameter, and the part arranged and printed by the printing model structural arrangement module and the parameter setting module carry out 3D printing in layering software And (4) setting machine parameters, and printing by adopting a 3D printer after the settings of the cutter type selection module, the printing model structure arrangement module and the parameter setting module are completed.
2. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the part structure selected by the printing model structure arrangement module can not be a closed container, the cylindrical thickness of the part is less than 30mm, the beam length of the part is less than 100mm, and the part is provided with a fillet transition at the transition position; the printing model structure arrangement module is used for arranging the printed parts, the long edges of the parts are upward, the vertical projection area of the parts on the bottom plate is the smallest, the parts are supported in a conical manner on the surface parallel to the bottom plate, and the massive supports among the suspended large thick beams in the parts are thickened properly.
3. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for setting the model layering parameters comprises the following steps: the thickness of the slice of the part is 0.02mm, and the part is scanned and supported every 2 layers.
4. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for setting the track parameters of the part frame comprises the following steps: starting a scanning frame, compensating the light spot to be 0.065mm, setting the frame number to be 2, setting the boundary distance to be 0.04mm, setting the frame to be filled, compensating the frame to be filled to be 0.04mm, and setting the scanning sequence to be Out2 In.
5. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the starting point relocation parameter setting method comprises the following steps: the origin relocation parameter mode is set to Random, and the origin relocation parameter is set to no optimization enabled.
6. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for setting the intradermal track parameters of the parts comprises the following steps: setting pattern filling offset to be 0.09mm, setting the filling pattern type to be stripe, and setting the stripe parameters to be: the scanning interval is 0.09mm, the stripe size is 7mm, the stripe offset is 0.04mm, the pattern filling sequence is an optimized sequence, the rotation initial angle is 67 degrees, the rotation increment is 67 degrees, and the displacement coefficient is 20; the method for setting the parameters of the part skin-removing track comprises the following steps: part skinning orbit parameter sets up to start, and the pattern is filled the skew and is 0.04mm, and the split frame sets up to start, and the transition zone is 0.03mm, and the area tolerance is 0.03mm, and the filling pattern type is the stripe, and the stripe parameter is: the scanning distance is 0.06mm, the stripe size is 10mm, the stripe offset is 0.04mm, the pattern filling sequence is an optimized sequence, the rotation initial angle is 0 degrees, the rotation increment is 0 degrees, and the displacement coefficient is 1; the method for setting the parameters of the supporting track comprises the following steps: the support track parameters are set to start, the pattern fill offset is 0.1mm, and the scanning light speed spacing is 0.2 mm.
7. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for setting the epithelial scanning parameters of the part comprises the following steps: setting the boundary, the following boundary, the filling frame, the blocked path and the scanning beam of the epithelial scanning parameters of the part to be the same: the diameter of the laser is 0.080mm, the speed of the laser is 500mm/s, and the power of the laser is 150W; the method for setting the intradermal scanning parameters of the parts comprises the following steps: setting the boundary of the part intradermal scanning parameter to be the same as the following boundary: the laser diameter is 0.085mm, the laser speed is 800mm/s, and the laser power is 280W; the parameters of the filling frame, the blocked path and the scanning beam for setting the intradermal scanning parameters of the parts are the same: the laser diameter is 0.085mm, the laser speed is 1200mm/s, and the laser power is 320W.
8. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for setting the scanning parameters of the lower skin of the part comprises the following steps: setting the boundary of the scanning parameters of the lower skin of the part, following the boundary, filling the frame, blocking the path and scanning the light beam to be the same: the laser diameter is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1000mm/s, and the laser power is 250W.
9. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the setting method of the support scanning parameters comprises the following steps: the physical support scanning beam parameters for setting the support scanning parameters are as follows: the diameter of the laser is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1500mm/s, and the laser power is 290W; the non-solid support parameters for the support scan parameters are set as follows: the laser diameter is 0.080mm, the laser speed is 1500mm/s, and the laser power is 300W.
10. The AlSi10Mg aluminum alloy electric non-standard metal tool laser 3D printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the setting method of the annealing parameters comprises the following steps: and setting annealing parameters to enable the printed part and the base plate to be placed into a vacuum high-temperature sintering furnace for annealing immediately after printing is finished, wherein the annealing temperature is 340 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, and the printed part and the base plate are cooled along with the furnace.
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