CN106381489A - Device and method for preparing laser cladding and extrusion coating - Google Patents
Device and method for preparing laser cladding and extrusion coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106381489A CN106381489A CN201611070703.7A CN201611070703A CN106381489A CN 106381489 A CN106381489 A CN 106381489A CN 201611070703 A CN201611070703 A CN 201611070703A CN 106381489 A CN106381489 A CN 106381489A
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- coating
- pressure roller
- laser melting
- laser
- sample holder
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for preparing a laser cladding and extrusion coating. The device comprises a sample seat, a laser cladding head and a compression roller, wherein the sample seat is used for containing a to-be-machined workpiece, and the laser cladding head is connected with a high-power laser device. The sample seat is fixed to a workbench, and the workbench can drive the sample seat to achieve translational motion in one or more directions. A heating module is arranged at the bottom of the sample seat. The laser cladding head and the compression roller are arranged above the to-be-machined workpiece at a certain interval in a parallel manner, so that two stations, namely the laser cladding station and the extrusion forming station, are formed. The device and method for preparing the laser cladding and extrusion coating has the beneficial effects that the coating is flat in surface; the workpiece is small in deformation; the coating is high in mechanical property; material adaptability is great; machining is conducted conveniently; efficiency is high; and energy is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method preparing laser melting coating extrusion coating and its device, using laser melting coating with squeeze
Molded Combined Machining Technology has the alloy coat of high-flatness in metal base surface preparation, belongs to surface engineering technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Laser melting and coating technique adopts high power laser light as thermal source, by laser beam focus and be transferred to workpiece to be processed table
Face, makes the intensification fusing of surface of the work thin layer form molten bath, adds cladding material, with laser beam and workpiece simultaneously into molten bath
Relative movement, molten bath natural cooling solidify, thus preparing certain thickness alloy coat in surface of the work.Cladding material mesh
Front main employing alloy powder, different according to the addition manner of cladding material, synchronous powder feeding system formula laser melting coating and pre- can be divided into
Put powder type laser melting coating.Synchronous powder feeding system be by powder pass through airflow function by follow laser beam motion nozzle be transported to molten
Pond, and fore-put powder formula is to mix powder to be laid down into surface of the work with binding agent before laser scanning.Using laser melting and coating technique,
The good high performance alloys coating of wearability, corrosion resistance, thermostability can be prepared, and coating has, and bond strength is high, pore
Less, dense structure is tiny, the low advantage of dilution rate.Thus, laser melting and coating technique becomes one kind and quickly grows, has wide application
The coating production of prospect.
At present, laser melting coating prepares coating also has the shortcomings that not yet to overcome.Such as, the surface smoothness of coating is poor.This
On the one hand it is because the internal flow in molten bath, after making coating rapid solidification, surface produces the scalelike mark similar to welded seam, separately
On the one hand it is to there is gully shape surface topography between each overlap joint road.Because the restricted width of single track laser cladding layer is in laser beam
Spot size, typically in the range of 2mm～8mm, so Large area coatings from technique will by the way of multi-track overlapping system
Standby.The coating surface flatness that laser melting coating is directly prepared, typically up to less than part requirements, needs follow-up arrangement machining work
Sequence.Furthermore, continue uneven local laser heat input, lead to surface to be machined to produce larger deformation, for relatively thin plate
For material laser melting coating, deformation is particularly acute.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess and method, to solve existing laser melting coating
The problem that coating surface flatness is low, sheet deformation is big.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess, including sample holder and high power for placing workpiece to be processed
The laser melting coating head of laser instrument connection, pressure roller, described sample holder is fixed on workbench, and workbench can drive sample holder real
The translational motion at least one direction existing, the bottom of described sample holder is provided with heating module；Described laser melting coating head and pressure roller
It is placed in side by side in certain spacing above workpiece to be processed, form laser melting coating and two stations of extrusion molding.
Further, described pressure roller is provided with adjusting means, for controlling between pressure roller upright position, pressure roller and coating
Extruding force.
Further, also include fixing roller, described fixing roller is fixed on workbench by expansion link, and before pressure roller with pressure
At least it is disposed with a fixing roller after roller.
Further, described expansion link has the restoring force of shrinkage direction, and its restoring force passes through spring or hydraulic way is produced
Raw.
Further, described workpiece to be processed is fixed on sample holder by rigid fixation.
Further, described heating module is resistance heating or induction heating equipment.
Further, described sample holder edge is provided with the spigot surface of arc.
A kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, previous work：Prepare cladding material, workpiece to be processed；Workpiece to be processed is rigidly secured to sample holder
On, then sample holder is fixed on workbench；Determine that the required laser power of processing, scanning track, feed speed, powder add
Rate, platen pressure；Open heating module；
Step 2, laser cladding coating：In laser melting coating station, by synchronous powder feeding system method or fore-put powder method to be processed
Specimen surface piles up coating；
Step 3, coating extrusion molding：Pressure roller is acted on what step 2 was piled up by the extruding force being set by adjusting means
Coating surface, coating moves under the drive of workbench, extrusion molding under pressure roller；
Step 4, post processing：Work as laser shutdown, cladding layer, completely after pressure roller, closes heating module, remove laser and melt
Cover head and lift pressure roller, from workbench, take off sample holder, after carrying out stress relief annealing, processing workpiece is taken from sample holder
Go out.
In step 2, moved by laser melting coating head and produce the overlap joint track required for laser cladding coating, according to overlap joint rail
The direction of mark is different, is divided into transverse lap and longitudinal lap joint, the lapping direction of transverse lap is perpendicular to pressure roller axis, longitudinal lap joint
Lapping direction parallel to pressure roller axis.
In step 3, workbench is moved with the feed speed setting, and laser cladding coating is delivered to extrusion molding station；
Table feed mode is divided into step-by-step movement feeding and continuous way feeding, and the laser melting coating for transverse lap track adopts step-by-step movement
Feeding, the laser melting coating for longitudinal lap joint track adopts continuous way to feed；Pressure roller and work to be processed are ensured by adjusting means
The laser cladding coating thickness that part surface distance is piled up less than step 2, thus coating is produced effectively extrude；Ensure laser
The distance between cladding head and pressure roller, in constant scope, under the cooperation of heating module, make coating enter pressure roller extruding
When be not as cold as room temperature completely, remain at more than recrystallization temperature；Pass through the fixing roller being not yet located in coating in sample holder
When, corresponding fixing roller passes through sample holder edge guiding face, acts on coating surface, plays restrained deformation effect.
Beneficial effect：The poly- method of device that the present invention provides has advantages below：
Coating surface is smooth.The coating of laser melting coating preparation, its surface is inevitable that scalelike mark, overlap joint gully etc.
Feature, causes surface smoothness poor.Generally meet the requirement of workpiece surface quality, milling, mill will be carried out to coating surface
The machining such as cut, operation is complex.For the higher wear-resistant coating of hardness, the difficulty of subsequent mechanical processing is also very big.
The present invention, during laser cladding coating preparation, carries out extrusion molding using pressure roller to coating, makes coating surface produce heat
Plastic deformation, eliminates scalelike mark and overlap joint gully.The cladding extrusion coating of the method preparation is than the flatness of traditional cladding coating
It is significantly increased.
Workpiece deformation is little.Laser melting coating relies on overlap joint track scanning to form Large area coatings, because lasting localized heat is defeated
Enter, eventually result in workpiece and produce larger deformation.Particularly with the less board workpiece of thickness, can produce more serious
Buckling deformation.Workpiece to be processed is rigidly secured to sample holder by the present invention, and during cladding extrusion molding, is limited by fixing roller
Workpiece deformation processed, after stress relief annealing, then takes out workpiece from sample holder, significantly reduces workpiece deformation.The present invention
Method is applied to the coating preparation of sheet material or even thin plate.
Coating high mechanical properties.Cladding coating after extrusion molding, interior tissue fine and close refinement further, mechanical property
Larger raising can be obtained.
Adaptability for materials is strong.As long as possessing the alloy coat of certain plasticity, can be squeezed using cladding of the present invention
Extrusion layer method is prepared.
Easy to process, efficiency high, saving energy.Cladding pressing method of the present invention, in coating preparation process, swashs
Light cladding and extrusion molding are synchronously carried out, and working (machining) efficiency is higher.Meanwhile, after laser melting coating, coating is in higher temperature in itself,
Coating carries out extrusion molding before naturally cooling to room temperature, coating shape drag is little, saves energy.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of assembly of the invention；
Fig. 2 is rigidly secured to the schematic diagram of sample holder for workpiece to be processed；
Fig. 3 is laser melting coating transverse lap track schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is laser melting coating longitudinal lap joint track schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is laser cladding coating apparent condition pattern schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is laser melting coating extrusion coating apparent condition pattern schematic diagram；
In figure, 1- workbench；2- sample holder；3- heating module；4- workpiece to be processed；5- laser beam and powder stream；6- swashs
Light cladding head；7- adjusting apparatus；8- pressure roller；9- fixing roller；10- expansion link；11 coatings；12- spigot surface, 13- fixes briquetting.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess, including the sample for placing workpiece to be processed 4
Seat 2 be connected with superpower laser laser melting coating heads 6, pressure roller 8, fixing roller 9, sample holder 2 is fixed on workbench 1, and work
Station 1 can drive sample holder 2 to realize the translational motion at least one direction, and in one embodiment, workbench is installed on directly
On line guide rail, workbench can move along line slideway；The bottom of sample holder 2 is provided with heating module 3；Described laser melting coating head 6
It is placed in side by side in certain spacing above workpiece to be processed 4 with pressure roller 8, form laser melting coating and two works of extrusion molding
Position；Fixing roller 9 is fixed on workbench 1 by expansion link 10, and is at least disposed with a fixing roller with after pressure roller 8 before pressure roller 8
9；Expansion link 10 one end is connected on workbench 1, and fixing roller 9 is installed in one end；Expansion link 10 has the restoring force of shrinkage direction, its
Restoring force passes through spring or hydraulic way produces.It is in natural shrinking state during expansion link inoperative, be in when in working order
Elongation state, and produce restoring force, acted on workpiece by fixing roller, to prevent workpiece from deforming.
Adjusting means 7 is provided with pressure roller 8, for controlling the extruding force between pressure roller 8 upright position, pressure roller and coating.
Workpiece to be processed 4 is fixed on sample holder 2 by rigid fixation.As shown in Fig. 2 specific fixed form is：
By two inverted U-shaped fixing briquettings 13, workpiece to be processed 4 is fixed on sample holder 2.
Heating module 3 is resistance heating or induction heating equipment, treats processing sample and carries out temperature control.
Sample holder 2 edge is provided with the spigot surface 12 of arc.
In laser melting coating station, laser melting coating head 6 is located above workbench 1, and laser beam and powder 5 are transmitted to be processed
Workpiece 4 surface；In extrusion molding station, pressure roller 8 is located above workbench 1, controls pressure roller position by adjusting means 7；Work as work
When platform 1 drives sample holder 2 to move to fixing roller 9 position being not yet located in coating, fixing roller 9 rises to sample by spigot surface 12
Above seat 2, simultaneous retractable bar 10 extends, and so that fixing roller 9 is acted on workpiece to be processed 4 by pressure.Fig. 1 represents the present invention
Embodiment make, adopt laser melting and coating technique to pile up coating with certain scanning track, and coating be delivered to extruding simultaneously
Shaping station, before coating naturally cools to room temperature, using pressure roller to piling up coating extrusion molding again.
Using the laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method of said apparatus, specifically include following steps：
Step 1, previous work：Prepare cladding material, workpiece to be processed；Workpiece to be processed is rigidly secured to sample holder
On, then sample holder is fixed on workbench；Determine that the required laser power of processing, scanning track, feed speed, powder add
Rate, platen pressure；Open heating module；
Step 2, laser cladding coating：In laser melting coating station, by synchronous powder feeding system method or fore-put powder method to be processed
Specimen surface piles up coating；
It is transverse lap and the longitudinal lap joint schematic diagram in laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method as shown in Figures 3 and 4, figure
3 expression transverse laps, perpendicular to pressure roller axis, pile up coating area by multi-track overlapping is m × n to every one cladding track.Right
In transverse lap mode, workbench adopts stepping working method, that is, when pressing desired trajectory laser melting coating m × n area coating, work
Station remains stationary as, and piles up when coating and terminates, and workbench moves m distance with feed speed, carries out coating extrusion molding, Ran Hougong
Station continues to remain stationary as, then carries out laser melting coating accumulation, so circulates.Fig. 4 represents longitudinal lap joint, and every one cladding track is put down
Row is in pressure roller axis.For longitudinal lap joint mode, workbench adopts continuous feed working method, that is, same in laser cladding coating
When, workbench is with feed speed continuous conveying workpiece to be processed and coating.Under continuous feed working method, cladding track speed
Actual motion speed for laser melting coating head and table feed speed sum.
Step 3, coating extrusion molding：Pressure roller is acted on what step 2 was piled up by the extruding force being set by adjusting means
Coating surface, coating moves under the drive of workbench, extrusion molding under pressure roller；
Workbench is moved with the feed speed setting, and laser cladding coating is delivered to extrusion molding station；Workbench enters
It is divided into step-by-step movement feeding and continuous way feeding to mode, the laser melting coating for transverse lap track adopts step-by-step movement to feed, right
Laser melting coating in longitudinal lap joint track adopts continuous way to feed；By adjusting means ensure pressure roller and workpiece to be processed surface away from
From the laser cladding coating thickness piled up less than step 2, thus coating is produced effectively extruding；Ensure laser melting coating head with
The distance between pressure roller, in constant scope, under the cooperation of heating module, makes coating incomplete when entering pressure roller extruding
It is as cold as room temperature, remain at more than recrystallization temperature；When sample holder passes through the fixing roller being not yet located in coating, corresponding solid
Fixed roll passes through sample holder edge guiding face, acts on coating surface, plays restrained deformation effect.
Step 4, post processing：Work as laser shutdown, cladding layer, completely after pressure roller, closes heating module, remove laser and melt
Cover head and lift pressure roller, from workbench, take off sample holder, after carrying out stress relief annealing, processing workpiece is taken from sample holder
Go out.
Fig. 5 and 6 is coating morphology schematic diagram, illustrates the apparent condition of the inventive method prepares coating.Melt in laser
Coating after covering presents undulatory out-of-flatness surface perpendicular to the section of lapping direction more, and the laser through present invention preparation melts
Cover extrusion coating, surface smoothness significantly improves.
The above be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it should be pointed out that：Ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess it is characterised in that：Including the sample for placing workpiece to be processed (4)
Laser melting coating head (6) that seat (2) is connected with superpower laser, pressure roller (8), described sample holder (2) is fixed on workbench (1)
On, and workbench (1) can drive sample holder (2) to realize the translational motion at least one direction, the bottom of described sample holder (2)
It is provided with heating module (3)；Described laser melting coating head (6) and pressure roller (8) are placed in work to be processed in certain spacing side by side
Above part (4), form laser melting coating and two stations of extrusion molding.
2. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Set on described pressure roller (8)
It is equipped with adjusting means (7), for controlling the extruding force between pressure roller (8) upright position, pressure roller and coating.
3. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Also include fixing roller (9),
Described fixing roller (9) is fixed on workbench (1) by expansion link (10), and is at least disposed with after pressure roller (8) before pressure roller (8)
One fixing roller (9).
4. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 3 it is characterised in that：Described expansion link (10) tool
There is the restoring force of shrinkage direction, its restoring force passes through spring or hydraulic way produces.
5. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described workpiece to be processed
(4) it is fixed on sample holder (2) by rigid fixation.
6. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described heating module (3)
For resistance heating or induction heating equipment.
7. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilitiess according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described sample holder (2) side
Edge is provided with the spigot surface (12) of arc.
8. a kind of laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1, previous work：Prepare cladding material, workpiece to be processed；Workpiece to be processed is rigidly secured on sample holder, then
Sample holder is fixed on workbench；Determine the required laser power of processing, scanning track, feed speed, powder adding rate, pressure roller
Pressure；Open heating module；
Step 2, laser cladding coating：In laser melting coating station, by synchronous powder feeding system method or fore-put powder method in sample to be processed
Surface sediment coating；
Step 3, coating extrusion molding：Pressure roller is acted on the coating that step 2 is piled up by the extruding force being set by adjusting means
Surface, coating moves under the drive of workbench, extrusion molding under pressure roller；
Step 4, post processing：Work as laser shutdown, cladding layer, completely after pressure roller, is closed heating module, removed laser melting coating head
And lift pressure roller, take off sample holder from workbench, after carrying out stress relief annealing, workpiece will be processed and take out from sample holder.
9. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method according to claim 8 it is characterised in that：In step 2, melted by laser
Cover head motion and produce the overlap joint track required for laser cladding coating, different according to the direction of overlap joint track, it is divided into and laterally taking
Connect and longitudinal lap joint, perpendicular to pressure roller axis, the lapping direction of longitudinal lap joint is parallel to pressure roller shaft for the lapping direction of transverse lap
Line.
10. laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation method according to claim 8 it is characterised in that：In step 3, workbench
Moved with the feed speed setting, laser cladding coating is delivered to extrusion molding station；Table feed mode is divided into stepping
Formula feeding and continuous way feeding, the laser melting coating for transverse lap track adopts step-by-step movement to feed, for longitudinal lap joint track
Laser melting coating adopt continuous way feed；Ensure that pressure roller is less than step 2 institute with workpiece to be processed surface distance by adjusting means
The laser cladding coating thickness piled up, thus coating is produced effectively extrude；Ensure between laser melting coating head and pressure roller away from
From in constant scope, under the cooperation of heating module, coating is made not to be as cold as room temperature completely when entering pressure roller extruding, still
It is maintained at more than recrystallization temperature；When sample holder passes through the fixing roller being not yet located in coating, corresponding fixing roller passes through sample
Seat edge guiding face, acts on coating surface, plays restrained deformation effect.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611070703.7A CN106381489B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilities and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611070703.7A CN106381489B (en) | 2016-11-29 | 2016-11-29 | Laser melting coating extrusion coating preparation facilities and method |
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| CN106381489B CN106381489B (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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| CN108015288A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-05-11 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of low-melting-point metal parts melting extrusion manufacturing process |
| CN108330486A (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2018-07-27 | 福建工程学院 | A kind of pressure setting and method of the nanometer powder heating auxiliary of laser melting coating |
| CN109434478A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | A kind of laminar flow roller production automatic production line and technique |
| CN109504968A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-03-22 | 安徽工业大学 | The reproducing method that laser melting coating and progressive crush are modified |
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| CN109434478A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | A kind of laminar flow roller production automatic production line and technique |
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| CN109794506B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2023-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Roll forming device and method for hot formed steel plate |
| CN109794506A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | A kind of hot forming steel plate rolling formation device and method |
| CN110560431A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2019-12-13 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | method for removing aircraft skin surface coating by laser |
| CN110883095B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-08-28 | 燕山大学 | Roll forming device for micro-casting rolling additive manufacturing of large special-shaped pipe |
| CN110883095A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-03-17 | 燕山大学 | Roll forming device for micro-casting rolling additive manufacturing of large special-shaped pipe |
| CN113668304A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Intelligent repairing vehicle for steel rail profile |
| CN113668304B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-05-27 | 燕山大学 | Intelligent repairing vehicle for steel rail profile |
| CN113668303A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-19 | 燕山大学 | Rolling forming device and rolling method for repairing profile of steel rail |
| CN114054947A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-02-18 | 华北电力大学 | High-wear-resistance metal ceramic coating laser preparation equipment |
| CN114054947B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-03-07 | 华北电力大学 | High-wear-resistance metal ceramic coating laser preparation equipment |
| CN115635210A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-01-24 | 湖南湘投金天钛金属股份有限公司 | TC4 titanium alloy plate surface layer high-entropy alloy modification method |
| CN115635210B (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-06-23 | 湖南湘投金天钛金属股份有限公司 | TC4 titanium alloy plate surface layer high-entropy alloy modification method |
| CN116922549A (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2023-10-24 | 靖江市易凯通风设备有限公司 | Special-shaped floating bead composite board extrusion equipment based on slag forming |
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