CN103493728B - The color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol and hybrid breeding method - Google Patents
The color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol and hybrid breeding method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol and hybrid breeding method, cotton No. 12 of the method low-phenol cotton Shandong grinds No. 21 for paternal hybrid combo for maternal with Insect Resistant Cotton Shandong cotton, selects F
2for cotyledon, stem, leaf in colony all without the plant of phenol, in continuous selfing 3 ~ 4 generations of plantation, be bred as low-phenol cotton system 8HN538, with pest-resistant caryon sterile line kind Shandong RH-1 be maternal and the color cotton parent 00S17 of the low phenol of dark-brown is paternal hybrid combo, retains F
2for plant pest-resistant in colony, select the low-phenol cotton plant that can educate to the sterile strain pollination of low-phenol cotton, select dark-brown offspring to retain, successive selection hybridization, to the 4th generation, is bred as the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of pest-resistant low phenol; Be the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of male parent and low phenol with pest-resistant low-phenol cotton system 8HN538 to do female parent and carry out hybridization combo and plant, the crossbreed obtained is the colored crossbreed of low phenol, the color cotton crossbreed output of the low phenol that the present invention produces is high, fabric is of fine quality, color stability is consistent, cottonseed is not containing gossypol, and comprehensive utilization value improves greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cotton breeding technical field, be specifically related to the color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol and hybrid breeding method.
Background technology
Cotton is fiber oil crop important in the world, and cotton fiber is the important source material of textile industry.General cotton cultivar makes except directly can utilizing cotton fiber because having a large amount of bodies of gland, then needs to spend a large amount of financial resources, manpower could utilize after carrying out detoxification treatment to the cottonseed with important nutritive value.Low-phenol cotton is a kind of cotton type of glandless, gossypol content in its kind of benevolence is lower than the World Health Organization (WHO) and FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) (AFO) specified standard (0.004%) and national standard (0.002%), low phenol cotton variety is because of the gossypol containing pole low content, the oil that cotton seed benevolence is squeezed out can directly eat, cotton protein can as food, cotton seed hull can as the high-quality culture medium raw material of edible mushroom, browse can be used as feed etc., so cultivating low phenol cotton variety is that cotton seed selection is become collection fiber, the most economical effective approach of oil plant and the Trinitarian crop of grain.DEVELOPMENT OF COTTON is produced, improves and plant cotton benefit, improve the aspects such as the nutrition condition of people and have important meaning.
Cotton area more than 6,000,000 hectares is planted by China, produce cottonseed about 9,000,000 tons per year, if wherein 1/2 is low-phenol cottonseed, to contain protein 40%, when not increasing cultivated area, just can obtain about 1,600,000 tons pure high-quality proteins every year, this is to enriching China's protein resource, improve the diet structure of people, promote that the development of aquaculture has positive meaning.The oil that low-phenol cottonseed is squeezed out simultaneously does not contain gossypol, do not need refining, decolouring, can oil yield be improved and reduce costs, and the quality of oil is high, excellent in color, is rich in linoleic acid (61.9%), the content of unsaturated fatty acid is higher than soya-bean oil, peanut oil and sesame oil, often the edible cholesterol that can reduce in blood, reduces atherosclerotic, prevents and treats hypertension.In addition, low-phenol cotton directly can be used as the by product of feed, can directly be used as feed, and protein and content of mineral substances is all higher than wheat straw and potato seedling after pulverizing, and lysine content is abundant, higher 1.5 times than corn, wheat.Low gossypol cotton seed cake is used as feed stripped, not only nutritious, good palatability, and has no side effect, and be main feed ratio with conventional soybean cake, cost is low, high efficiency.In addition, replace soybean to make soy sauce with low gossypol cotton seed, look positive taste is good, and cost is lower than soybean about 35%; Cultivate the edible mushrooms such as mushroom, flat mushroom, white fungus, woodear with low-phenol cottonseed shell, output is high, quality good; Low gossypol cotton seed is applied to the symptoms such as clinical treatment chronic diarrhea, hyperlipoprotememia, diabetes, demonstrates certain medical value.
Color cotton refers to the cotton of cotton fiber with natural colour.Because itself is with natural color, in cotton textiles manufacture, the processes such as bleaching, sterilization, dyeing can be removed from, alleviate the pollution of fabrication processes, become green product truly.Natural color cotton not only can improve economic benefit and the social benefit of textile industry greatly, and developing rapidly and people's lives demand, environmental consciousness, the improving constantly of concept of health along with science and technology, color cotton will become a new industry, for good environment is created in the further investigation of Breeding of Color Cotton and the enforcement of industrialization, there is important researching value and wide exploitation prospect.
Color cotton is the fashionable product of 21 century most competitiveness.But due to the original producton location that China is not cotton, introduce from external about color cotton planting technology, not very long at the implantation time of China, and cultivated area is very little, only have the ground such as Xinjiang to produce a bit, therefore we do also not enough to color cotton preferably work of eliminating, cause up to the present, the shortcomings such as it is single that the coloured silk cotton of China exists kind, and color cotton color and luster is dim, unstable, fiber quality is poor, yield poorly, are difficult to be used directly.In addition, due to planting technology also prematurity, color cotton resistance to insects is poor, so also inevitably have employed the planting patterns the same with common cotton such as fertilising, laxative, does not accomplish completely pollution-free.Therefore how solving the drawbacks such as color cotton color and luster is dim, unstable, fiber quality is poor, yield poorly is a problem needing in the industry solution badly, and utilize color cotton to combine with low-phenol cotton perhaps to open up a new approach by fully utilizing for cotton, in addition through retrieval, also have no technical research or the report of the maturation that relevant color cotton can combine with low-phenol cotton.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency existing for prior art, the present invention proposes the color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol and hybrid breeding method, this breeding method make full use of the color cotton male sterile line of low phenol have sterile degree high, comprehensive good, coordinate force is high, the feature of fiber colour stable and consistent, itself and coloured silk cotton are hybridized, the color cotton crossbreed output of the low phenol obtained is high, product are of fine quality, color stability is consistent, cottonseed is not containing gossypol, comprehensive utilization value improves greatly, and this breeding method breeding cost is low, efficiency is high, has good economic benefit and social benefit.
The color cotton sterile line breeding of a kind of pest-resistant low phenol of the present invention and hybrid breeding method are achieved by the following technical measures:
(1) No. 21 are ground for paternal hybrid combo, plantation F for maternal with Insect Resistant Cotton Shandong cotton with cotton No. 12 of low-phenol cotton Shandong
1colony, obtains F after maturation
2generation, plantation F
2in generation, seedling stage is to F
2carry out resistance to insects qualification for colony, select F
2for cotyledon, stem, leaf in colony all without the plant of phenol, in continuous selfing 3 ~ 4 generations of plantation, be bred as low-phenol cotton system 8HN538;
(2) be maternal with pest-resistant caryon sterile line kind Shandong RH-1 be paternal hybrid combo with the color cotton parent 00S17 of the low phenol of dark-brown, plantation F
1colony, obtains F after maturation
2generation, plantation F
2in generation, seedling stage is to F
2carry out resistance to insects qualification for colony, retain F
2for plant pest-resistant in colony, in pest-resistant plant, select the low-phenol cotton plant that can educate, to the sterile strain pollination of low-phenol cotton;
(3) the middle F of step (2) seed selection
2after cotton boll blowing in colony, observe the fiber color of fertile plant and sterile strain, select fertile plant and sterile strain fiber color to be dark-brown offspring and retain;
(4) interior fertile plant is gone continuously to sterile strain pollination to the offspring of the final seed selection of step (3), and observe sterile plant rate and fiber color, to the 4th generation, be bred as the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of pest-resistant low phenol;
(5) the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of the low phenol utilizing the pest-resistant low-phenol cotton system 8HN538 selected in step (1) to do to select in male parent and step (4) does female parent to carry out hybridization combo and plants, and the crossbreed of acquisition is low phenol colour crossbreed.
Wherein in the present invention, in above step (1) to the selfing in step (4) and row, fertile plant is given in sterile strain pollinating process and is all resisted characteristic of disease young plant and screen, and wherein, disease resistance is carried out in Infected Field, selects individual plant that anti-blight is good or plant.
Wherein in the present invention, in above step (1) to the selfing in step (4) and row, fertile plant to be given in sterile strain pollinating process preferably with under per hectare 4.5 ten thousand strain density, boll per plant more than 10, Single boll weight >=4.0 gram, male sterile line ginning outturn more than 36%, the plant of low-phenol cotton ginning outturn more than 40%.
Resistance screening methods wherein in the present invention in above step (1) or step (2) is as follows: when Cotton Seedling-Growth is to 1 ~ 3 leaf period, spread upon in seedling leaves with the kanamycin sulfate solution of 4%, within seven days, observe afterwards and smear blade, the seedling that blade turns yellow is extracted, retains the cotton seedling of normal growth.
Advantageous Effects of the present invention is:
(1) the color cotton male sterile line of the low phenol selected have sterile rate up to 50.6%, the feature of fiber colour stable and consistent, can be widely used in the screening of the color cotton crossbreed of low phenol, breeding cost is lower than the manual production of hybrid seeds by 40%, improves and is hybridized to power and hybrid seed yield.。
(2) the color cotton hybrid seed of low phenol that the present invention produces refers to be greater than 11g, seed is emerged greatly, the time of infertility, growing way was sane, output is high, flower rate more than 95.0% before frost, before average yield per mu unginned cotton, frost, before unginned cotton, gined cotton, frost, gined cotton grinds No. 28 volume increase 6.9%, 6.8%, 1.3% and 0.4% than Shandong cotton respectively.
(3) the low phenol color cotton fiber journey light brown color stability that the color cotton crossbreed of low phenol that the present invention produces obtains is consistent, and fibre length is greater than 29mm, and specific strength is greater than 30cN/tex, mic value is greater than 3.7, product are of fine quality, and not containing gossypol in cottonseed, comprehensive utilization value improves greatly.
(4) plant of the color cotton crossbreed of the low phenol of the present invention's production compares common cotton plant anti-blight more, resistance to verticillium wilt, high resistance helicoverpa armigera.
As can be seen here, the present invention compared with prior art, has substantive distinguishing features and progress, and its beneficial effect implemented also is apparent.
Embodiment
For the technical characterstic of the present invention program can be clearly demonstrated, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment:
Selection parent:
Shandong cotton No. 12: [Peng Dongchang, in Kingsoft, Wang Guangming etc. the cotton No. 12 kind brief introductions in low-phenol cotton Shandong, Cotton, 1994,21 (1): 21], cotton No. 12 (original system Shandong is without 403), Shandong, be that Shandong cotton studies carefully center incubation in 1992, in May, 1993 is through Shandong Province's Crop breed audit.The 135 days time of infertility, principal length 32mm, fineness 578om/g, powerful 3.889, breaking length 22.gkm, mature coefficient 1.63.Plant height 94cm, the heavy 5.39g of bell, ginning outturn 37.5%, seed refers to 10.9g.Compositions inkernel, measures through central laboratory of academy of agricultural sciences of Shandong Province for 2 years, and containing protein 45.01%, crude fat 31.2%, free gossypol amount 0.008%, significantly lower than international and China's sanitary standard.
Shandong cotton grinds No. 21: [Li Ruzhong, Wang Zongwen, Wang Jinghui etc. stable high yield extensively suitable Mature Cotton New Variety Shandong cotton grinds 21, Cotton, 2005,32(11): 22-37], Shandong cotton grinds the Normal insect-resistant cotton new varieties that No. 21 (primary Shandong 1138, GK34) are Shandong Cotton Research Center and the cooperation seed selection of biotechnology research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, in March, 2005 is authorized by Shandong Province, and in April, 2005 is by country's authorization.In 126 ~ 133 days time of infertility, bell weighs 5.8 ~ 6.3g, and ginning outturn 41.1% ~ 41.6%, seed refers to 11.2 ~ 11.6g.2.5% fiber span length 29.8mm, specific strength 21.0cN/tex, micron value 4.4; Provinces and regions, Shandong are tried, 2.5% fiber span length 30.7mm, specific strength 21.7cN/tex, micron value 4.7.The lepidoptera pests such as high resistance helicoverpa armigera, high resistance cotton wilt, resistance to verticillium wilt.
The bent brightness English of Shandong RH-1:[, Sui Yujun, Guo Sandui. Insect resistant crosses Shandong RH-1, China seed industry, 2002, (2): 50], Shandong RH-1 is the bollworm-resistance hybrid cotton combination of the cotton heterosis utilization cooperative groups seed selection that seed management master station of Shandong Province takes the lead.National Insect Resistant Cotton regional test is participated in this combination for 1997-1998 years, within 1999, participates in the whole nation and Shandong Province's production test.April calendar year 2001 is by Shandong Province's crop varietal approval committee.The kernel sterility dual serial 21A that based on the anti-A1 caryon sterile line of this textual study, material selective breeding makes new advances.Do maternal with 21A, biotechnology research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences GK-18 selects system to make male parent, is measured through combination, and generation variety comparative test screens, the insect-resistant hybrid cotton variety of incubation.Medium variety, 129 days breeding times, plant height about 100cm, the heavy 5.9g of bell, ginning outturn 40%, seed refers to 10.6g.2.5% span length 29.42mm, regularity 49.6%, specific strength 20.6cN/tex, micron value 4.4, tensile stretch 6%, reflectivity 75.8%.
China of 00S17:[discipline man, Li Hongqin, Wang Ende etc., colored low-phenol cotton strain and breeding hybridized, China seed industry, 2002, (2): 50], within 1997, select the low phenol variant of 1 strain from the chicken foot leaf color cotton parent that I preserves, 1999 while selfing purifying, with itself and excellent Insect Resistant Cotton parents, the colour low phenol Insect Resistant Cotton strain that directive breeding Comprehensive Traits is excellent.About the strain of test density per hectare 5.25 ten thousand, fiber quality is HVI standard, single basal munure 6.6, and the heavy 3.6g of bell, ginning outturn 19.5%, seed refers to 8.9g.2.5% span length 24.4mm, specific strength 14.6cN/tex, micron value 2.8.
Breed breeding:
In July, (1) 2005, grind 21 hybridization with cotton No. 12 of low-phenol cotton Shandong with Insect Resistant Cotton Shandong cotton, winter plants F in Hainan
1generation, 2006, at F
2dai Zhong, first carries out resistance to insects qualification, then selects cotyledon, stem, leaf all without the plant 36 of phenol, 2006 winter ~ within 2008, educate through Nan Fanbei, continuous selfing 3 generation, be bred as low-phenol cotton system 8HN538.
The 8HN538 boll per plant obtained 17.6, ginning outturn 42.7%, bell weighs 5.52 grams, 2.5% span length 32.33mm, specific strength 33.3.0cN/tex, mic value 4.0.
(2) 2006 years, hybridize with pest-resistant caryon sterile line kind Shandong RH-1 and the color cotton parent 00S17 of the low phenol of dark-brown, winter planted F in Hainan
1generation.
(3) 2007 years, first to F
2carry out resistance to insects qualification for colony, in pest-resistant colony, then select 56 low-phenol cotton plant that can educate to keep strain pollination 56 sterile strain strains of low-phenol cotton.
(4), after cotton boll blowing, observe the fiber color of fertile plant and sterile strain in (3), result is that 12 fertile plants and sterile strain fiber color are dark-brown.
12 offsprings in (5) 2007 years winters ~ 2009 pairs of steps (4) go interior fertile plant continuously to sterile strain pollination, and observe sterile plant rate and fiber color, to 2010, are bred as the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of pest-resistant low phenol.
The color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A high resistance helicoverpa armigera of pest-resistant low phenol obtained, sterile plant rate 50.6%, plant and seed are without phenol, and boll per plant 12.8, ginning outturn 36.2%, bell weighs 4.24 grams, 2.5% span length 27.34mm, specific strength 26.3cN/tex, mic value 3.34.
In (6) 2010 year winter, be the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of male parent and low phenol with pest-resistant low-phenol cotton system 8HN538 and do hybridization of female parent, the hybrid combination (8HN538 × 0-173-3A) of acquisition.
Wherein, in order to improve Breeding Effect, selfing in step (1) ~ (5) and the interior fertile plant of row screen to the plant of all preferentially resisting characteristic of disease, yield traits and quality trait good in sterile strain pollinating process, wherein, disease resistance is carried out in Infected Field, selects individual plant that anti-blight is good or plant; Yield traits investigates knot bell, and with under per hectare 4.5 ten thousand strain density, boll per plant more than 10, Single boll weight >=4.0 gram, male sterile line ginning outturn more than 36%, low-phenol cotton ginning outturn more than 40% is standard.
Resistance screening methods in step (1) and step (3) is as follows: at Cotton Seedling-Growth to 1 ~ 3 leaf period, spread upon in seedling leaves with the kanamycin sulfate solution of 4%, within seven days, observe afterwards and smear blade, the seedling that blade turns yellow is extracted, retains the cotton seedling of normal growth.
Variety comparative test:
2011, before hybrid combination (8HN538 × 0-173-3A) the average yield per mu unginned cotton obtained by above breeding method, frost, before unginned cotton, gined cotton, frost, gined cotton is 232.4kg, 222.8kg, 87.4kg and 83.0kg, grinds No. 28 volume increase 6.9%, 6.8%, 1.3% and 0.4% respectively than Shandong cotton; Fibre length 29.25mm, specific strength 30.2cN/tex, mic value 3.63.
This hybridization kind Early-medium maturing variety, its characteristic is fiber light brown, emerges, and the time of infertility, growing way was sane, plant, seed without phenol, medium blade size; 127 days breeding times, plant height 111cm, plant turriform, the first fruit branch joint 7.5, position, fruit branch number 14.1, boll per plant 17.2, the heavy 5.3g of bell, bell oval; Ginning outturn 37.6% before frost, seed refers to 11.6g, flower rate 95.9% before frost; Anti-blight, resistance to verticillium wilt, high resistance helicoverpa armigera.
Claims (4)
1. the color cotton sterile line breeding of pest-resistant low phenol and a hybrid breeding method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) No. 21 are ground for paternal hybrid combo, plantation F for maternal with Insect Resistant Cotton Shandong cotton with cotton No. 12 of low-phenol cotton Shandong
1colony, obtains F after maturation
2generation, plantation F
2in generation, seedling stage is to F
2carry out resistance to insects qualification for colony, select F
2for cotyledon, stem, leaf in colony all without the plant of phenol, in continuous selfing 3 ~ 4 generations of plantation, be bred as low-phenol cotton system 8HN538,8HN538 boll per plant 17.6, ginning outturn 42.7%, bell weighs 5.52 grams, 2.5% span length 32.33mm, specific strength 33.3.0cN/tex, mic value 4.0;
(2) be maternal with pest-resistant caryon sterile line kind Shandong RH-1 be paternal hybrid combo with the color cotton parent 00S17 of the low phenol of dark-brown, plantation F
1colony, obtains F after maturation
2generation, plantation F
2in generation, seedling stage is to F
2carry out resistance to insects qualification for colony, retain F
2for plant pest-resistant in colony, in pest-resistant plant, select the low-phenol cotton plant that can educate, to the sterile strain pollination of low-phenol cotton;
(3) the middle F of step (2) seed selection
2after cotton boll blowing in colony, observe the fiber color of fertile plant and sterile strain, select fertile plant and sterile strain fiber color to be dark-brown offspring and retain;
(4) interior fertile plant is gone continuously to sterile strain pollination to the offspring of the final seed selection of step (3), and observe sterile plant rate and fiber color, to the 4th generation, be bred as color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A, the 0-173-3A sterile plant rate 50.6% of pest-resistant low phenol, boll per plant 12.8, ginning outturn 36.2%, bell weighs 4.24 grams, 2.5% span length 27.34mm, specific strength 26.3cN/tex, mic value 3.34;
(5) the color cotton caryon sterile line 0-173-3A of the low phenol utilizing the pest-resistant low-phenol cotton system 8HN538 selected in step (1) to do to select in male parent and step (4) does female parent to carry out hybridization combo and plants, and the crossbreed of acquisition is low phenol colour crossbreed.
2. the color cotton sterile line breeding of the pest-resistant low phenol of one according to claim 1 and hybrid breeding method, it is characterized in that: in step (1) to the selfing in step (4) and row, fertile plant is screened to all resisting characteristic of disease young plant in sterile strain pollinating process, wherein, disease resistance screening is carried out in Infected Field, selects individual plant that anti-blight is good or plant.
3. the color cotton sterile line breeding of the pest-resistant low phenol of one according to claim 1 and hybrid breeding method, it is characterized in that: in step (1) to the selfing in step (4) and row, fertile plant is to selecting in sterile strain pollinating process with under per hectare 4.5 ten thousand strain density, boll per plant more than 10, Single boll weight >=4.0 gram, male sterile line ginning outturn more than 36%, the plant of low-phenol cotton ginning outturn more than 40%.
4. the color cotton sterile line breeding of the pest-resistant low phenol of one according to claim 1 and hybrid breeding method, it is characterized in that the resistance screening methods in step (1) or step (2) is as follows: when Cotton Seedling-Growth is to 1 ~ 3 leaf period, spread upon in seedling leaves with the kanamycin sulfate solution of 4%, within seven days, observe afterwards and smear blade, the seedling that blade turns yellow is extracted, retains the cotton seedling of normal growth.
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Denomination of invention: Breeding of a sterile line and hybrid breeding method for insect resistant and low phenolic colored cotton Effective date of registration: 20230608 Granted publication date: 20160406 Pledgee: Wenshang Bank of China fudeng Village Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Jining grain Agricultural Service Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980043346 |
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