CN103461223B - Indoor overwintering method for palaemon carinicauda parent - Google Patents
Indoor overwintering method for palaemon carinicauda parent Download PDFInfo
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- CN103461223B CN103461223B CN201310315083.9A CN201310315083A CN103461223B CN 103461223 B CN103461223 B CN 103461223B CN 201310315083 A CN201310315083 A CN 201310315083A CN 103461223 B CN103461223 B CN 103461223B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention provides an indoor overwintering method for a palaemon carinicauda parent. The indoor overwintering method for the palaemon carinicauda parent comprises the following steps of selecting and processing a parent overwintering pond, controlling the parent ratio, density and water temperature, and performing the overwintering period feeding management technology. The indoor overwintering method is an overwintering method suitable for the palaemon carinicauda biology, behavioristics and ecology. According to the method, the overwintering survival rate of the palaemon carinicauda can be improved to a larger extent, the overwintering survival rate can be above 80%, and the expenditure can be saved by 30%. According to the indoor overwintering method disclosed by the invention, diseases can be prevented from spreading, the coal use amount is reduced, energy saving and emission reduction can be realized, the overwintering survival rate and the economic benefit are improved, and the technical guarantee is provided for the breed conservation of the superior clones of the palaemon carinicauda. The indoor overwintering method is favorable for accelerating the healthy and sustainable development of the palaemon carinicauda breeding industry in China.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Exopalaemon carinicauda relative shrimp overwintering technical field, be specifically related to the energy-conservation wintering method of a kind of Exopalaemon carinicauda underground water.
Background technology
Exopalaemon carinicauda (Exopalaemon carinicauda) has another name called white shrimp, little Bai shrimp and winter jasmine shrimp etc., be subordinate to Arthropoda (Arthropoda), Crustachia (Crustacea), Decapoda (Decapoda), Palaemonidae (Palaemonidae), Palaemon (Exopalaemon), mainly be distributed in the less salt waters, shallow sea of China the whole continent bank and west bank, the Korea peninsula, with the Bohai Sea and Huanghai Sea output the highest, one of distinctive 3 kinds of economic shrimps of China, its output is only second to Chinese prawn (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) and Chinese green food (Acetes chinensis).The advantage such as have that fertility is strong, fast growth, environmental suitability are wide due to it and meat flavour is delicious, in recent years, along with the exploitation of Coastal beach, cultured area also expands rapidly, according to incompletely statistics, current national Exopalaemon carinicauda cultured area reaches more than 10,000 hectares, has become the Important Economic shrimps that Pond culture is raised together with other kind.Exopalaemon carinicauda has good breeding prospect; but current pond culture mainly relies on fishes for sea area natural oogenesis parent shrimp and breeds seed voluntarily; and the natural oogenesis in sea area parent shrimp exists source instability, the nonsynchronous problem of oogenesis, seriously constrain the development of scale artificial culture.Thus, the large-scale production of Exopalaemon carinicauda aquaculture be formed, the expansion that first must solve Exopalaemon carinicauda is numerous, the winter issue of conservation and parent.
Summary of the invention
, oogenesis nonsynchronous problem unstable for Exopalaemon carinicauda parental source in existing cultural method, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Exopalaemon carinicauda wintering method, its technical scheme is as follows:
The method of Exopalaemon carinicauda parent indoor wintering, comprises the steps:
A, close shrimp are selected
Selection appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, energetic, individual large, healthy Exopalaemon carinicauda individuality is close shrimp;
B, indoor wintering
B1, before close shrimp enters pond to wintering pond disinfection;
B2, enter pond after close shrimp density domination at every square metre of 300-400 tail, intensity of illumination at below 500lx,
B3, employing underground cycle water make the water temperature in wintering pond keep 8 DEG C-9 DEG C;
B4, bait of throwing something and feeding, feeding volume is 5% of close shrimp body weight, cultivates 3-4 month indoor wintering.
Further, described step B3 realizes by the following method:
B31, preparation brine temperature are 14 DEG C-16 DEG C, and salinity is 60 ‰; Fresh water temperature is 16 DEG C-18 DEG C, and salinity is 1.2 ‰;
B32, extraction subsurface brine, mixing of fresh water, obtain the seawater that water temperature is 16.0 DEG C, salinity is 30.6 ‰, be stored in cistern for subsequent use;
B33, drain in wintering pond by water in cistern, by coutroi velocity, make wintering pond water temperature remain on 8 DEG C-9 DEG C, under this temperature range, Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp normally can ingest, grow, and ensures overwintering survival rate.
Further, described step B1 realizes by the following method:
B11, soak 12-24h with ClO 2 solution;
B12, soak 1h with liquor potassic permanganate;
B13, clean pool wall, gas tube with liquor potassic permanganate;
B14, clean with fresh water flush, airing 72h.
Further, in described step B, close shrimp enters the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection 2 ~ 3 minutes of Chi Shixian 15ppm.
Further, also comprise the steps: in described step B2 along every 5 square metres of even 1, the shrimp nests placing 1.5 rice diameters that forked branch is bundled into of pool side.
Further, in described step B4, feeding method is that mixing is thrown something and fed clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum and squid.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect as follows:
The present invention selects the Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp of not carrying any disease, causes disease vertical transmission to avoid the nurturing period; Overwintering period adopts ground water circulation technology, cuts off the route of transmission of disease, realizes energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduce expenses 30%; Rational temperature controls and disease control measure, and make overwintering survival rate reach more than 80%, diet collocation is reasonable, nutrition is complete, promote the healthy development of close shrimp sexual gland, improve close shrimp gonad development quality, solve the problems such as the wild close shrimp source existed in prior art is unstable, oogenesis is of poor quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one, introduce the specific embodiment of the present invention for Changyi Haifeng Aquaculture Co., Ltd.:
1, close shrimp is selected: the close shrimp that the present invention selects is the Exopalaemon carinicauda of artificially breeding, and the close shrimp of selection must meet following condition: appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, energetic, without any mechanical damage; Specification is large, body weight >=2.5g, body length >=50mm; White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is detected, ensures that close shrimp does not carry cause of disease, and close shrimp enter pond before carry out strict sterilization, sterilization method is: close shrimp enters the potassium permanganate disinfection solution dipping 2-3 minute of Chi Shixian 15ppm.
2, indoor wintering pond: parent shrimp entered pond and survived the winter November then, need before entering wintering pond to carry out strict sterilization to wintering pond, wintering pond sterilization method is: first soak 12-24h with ClO 2 solution, 1h is soaked afterwards with liquor potassic permanganate, pool wall, gas tube etc. is cleaned again with liquor potassic permanganate, finally clean with fresh water flush, can use after airing 72h.
3, overwinter management: after close shrimp enters pond, density domination is at every square metre of 300-400 tail; Intensity of illumination controls at below 500lx; Bait is mainly the bait such as clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum, squid, and mixing is thrown something and fed, and feeding volume is close shrimp body weight 5%, and wintering pond seawater is bittern and the mixing of fresh water, water temperature by flow control at 8-9 DEG C.Add up survival rate 81.6% next year, gonad development is good.
4, underground water is energy-conservation: the sub-salt well degree of depth is 40 meters, and brine temperature is 14 DEG C, and salinity is 60 ‰; Fresh water well depth is 120 meters, and fresh water temperature is 18 DEG C, and salinity is 1.2 ‰; Extract bittern, fresh water, according to the mixing of 1:1 ratio uniform, finally obtaining temperature is 16.0 DEG C, and salinity is the seawater of 30.6 ‰, is stored in cistern for subsequent use; Opened by wintering pond water inlet pipe, in cistern, seawater then adds wintering pond, and opened by wintering pond drainpipe, in wintering pond, water then flows out, and water inlet pipe, outlet pipe is opened simultaneously, by coutroi velocity, makes wintering pond water temperature remain on 8-9 DEG C.
In the present embodiment, the impact of temperature of surviving the winter on Exopalaemon carinicauda relative shrimp overwintering survival rate is most important, in experimentation, sets four temperature gradient, and Exopalaemon carinicauda parent shrimp enters pond density and is consistent, and feeding and management keeps unified.Through a large amount of experiments, find: under 8-9 DEG C of temperature range of surviving the winter, Exopalaemon carinicauda relative shrimp overwintering survival rate is up to 82.5%, specifically as shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is the impact of temperature on Exopalaemon carinicauda relative shrimp overwintering survival rate
| Temperature range (DEG C) | Enter pond density (tail/square) | Overwintering survival rate (%) |
| 6-8 | 300-400 | 63.0 |
| 8-9 | 300-400 | 82.5 |
| 9-10 | 300-400 | 75.0 |
| 10-12 | 300-400 | 56.5 |
Embodiment two, to seek the introduction of proliferation experiment station under China Aquatic Science Research Institute:
Parent shrimp select and indoor wintering pond operation same as the previously described embodiments.
Overwinter management: after close shrimp enters pond, density domination is at every square metre of 350 tails; Intensity of illumination controls at below 500lx, along every 5 square metres of even 1, the shrimp nests placing 1.5 rice diameters that forked branch is bundled into of pool side; Bait is mainly the bait such as clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum, squid, and mixing is thrown something and fed, and feeding volume is close shrimp body weight 5%, wintering pond seawater for adopting underground water power-saving technology, water temperature by flow control at 8.5 DEG C.Add up survival rate 82.5% next year, gonad development is good.Utilize this underground water method to realize energy-saving and emission-reduction, cut off the route of transmission of cause of disease in nature seawater simultaneously.Facts have proved, the method can increase substantially Exopalaemon carinicauda overwintering survival rate, and save cost of surviving the winter, close shrimp gonad development quality is good, is widely used in offshore sea waters, achieves good economic benefit.
The above; it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; it is not restriction the present invention being made to other form; the equivalence that any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as equivalent variations is implemented; but everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content; according to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the method for Exopalaemon carinicauda parent indoor wintering, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, close shrimp are selected
Selection appendage is complete, body surface is bright and clean, energetic, individual large, healthy Exopalaemon carinicauda individuality is close shrimp;
B, indoor wintering
B1, before close shrimp enters pond to wintering pond disinfection;
B2, before close shrimp enters pond with the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection 2 ~ 3 minutes of 15ppm;
B3, enter pond after close shrimp density domination at every square metre of 300-400 tail, intensity of illumination at below 500lx,
B4, employing underground cycle water make the water temperature in wintering pond keep 8-8.5 DEG C;
B5, bait of throwing something and feeding, feeding method is that mixing is thrown something and fed clam worm, Ruditapes philippinarum and squid, and feeding volume is 5% of close shrimp body weight;
Described step B1 realizes by the following method:
B11, soak 12-24h with ClO 2 solution;
B12, soak 1h with liquor potassic permanganate;
B13, clean pool wall, gas tube with liquor potassic permanganate;
B14, clean with fresh water flush, airing 72h;
Described step B4 realizes by the following method:
B41, preparation brine temperature are 14 DEG C-16 DEG C, and salinity is 60 ‰; Fresh water temperature is 16 DEG C-18 DEG C, and salinity is 1.2 ‰;
B42, extraction subsurface brine, mixing of fresh water, obtain the seawater that water temperature is 16.0 DEG C, salinity is 30.6 ‰, be stored in cistern for subsequent use as wintering pond water;
B43, water in cistern is drained in wintering pond, by coutroi velocity, make wintering pond water temperature remain on 8-8.5 DEG C.
2. the method for Exopalaemon carinicauda parent according to claim 1 indoor wintering, is characterized in that:
Also comprise the steps: in described step B3 along every 5 square metres of even 1, the shrimp nests placing 1.5 rice diameters that forked branch is bundled into of pool side.
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| CN104982359B (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-05-10 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Soil pond ecological raising and culturing method of palaemon carinicauda |
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| Title |
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| 中国甲壳动物学会.白虾超高密度健康养殖之研究.《甲壳动物学论文集 第5辑》.海洋出版社,2009,(第1版),第30-34页. * |
| 王光亮等.饲养管理.《药用动物养殖技术》.中国中医药出版社,2006,(第1版),第258页. * |
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