CN103449918A - Methods for preparing and applying bioactive fertilizer with grass carbon as raw material - Google Patents
Methods for preparing and applying bioactive fertilizer with grass carbon as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103449918A CN103449918A CN2013103800752A CN201310380075A CN103449918A CN 103449918 A CN103449918 A CN 103449918A CN 2013103800752 A CN2013103800752 A CN 2013103800752A CN 201310380075 A CN201310380075 A CN 201310380075A CN 103449918 A CN103449918 A CN 103449918A
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Abstract
The invention discloses methods for preparing and applying a bioactive fertilizer with grass carbon as a raw material. The preparation method is characterized by taking active ingredients including grass carbon and vermiculite as main raw materials, mixing grass carbon with vermiculite in a volume ratio of 1:2, then mixing the mixture with an MMN liquid medium, culturing the materials at a constant temperature of 25 DEG C for 15 days, and then mixing the materials with bioactive carbon, bioorganic fertilizers, a water-retaining agent and bioactive growth promoting ingredients uniformly under aseptic conditions, thus obtaining a solid biological mycorrhiza preparation. Compared with existing biofertilizers, the bioactive fertilizer disclosed by the invention can obviously improve various nutrient element absorbability of plant root systems, promote growth of seedlings, simultaneously improve the tolerance of plants to environments such as drought, saline and alkaline environments, infertility and the like and the capacities of the plants in resisting soil-borne diseases and pests, activate beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil, enhance photosynthesis, improve the carbon fixation capacity of the plants, optimize the quality of the seedlings and increase the market value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of active chemical fertilizer and application process thereof, relate in particular to a kind of biological activity fertilizer preparation and Term Fertilization method that careless carbon is raw material of take.
Background technology
Mycorhiza fertilizer is the new bio-fertilizer of a kind of high effect nontoxic, green non-pollution, can meet agriculture and forestry product production, protection ecology, has wide market outlook.
Since German phytopathologist Frank in 1885 creates mycorhiza one word, the research of the mycorhiza history of existing more than 100 year.Mycorrhizal fungi has huge mycelia system, and be tightly linked and be integral with root system of plant, forming mycorhiza, is the most extensive, the most important parasymbiosis body of organic sphere distribution, to promoting that in each ecosystem, the material between biology, energy, information interchange and transmission are significant.To keeping ecological balance and Sustainable development, the protection species diversity, stablize the ecosystem simultaneously, promotes agriculture forest and husbandry production to have far-reaching economy, society, ecological significance.
The huge mycelium spread in soil is the main absorption organ of mycorhiza, after plant forms mycorhiza, absorbing root density can increase, Root morphology changes, can be deep in the inaccessiable soil of former root system of plant, rock finedraw, enlarge to a great extent the absorption region of plant moisture, nutrient, thereby improved the biomass of plant.But mycorrhizal fungi is the mineral element in activating soil also, promote the absorption of the mineral elements such as phosphorus element that root system of plant is poor to absorption, the especially movability of nutritive element and zinc, copper.The formation of mycorhiza can reduce the permanent wilting point of plant, improves plant drought resistance and water use efficiency.In addition, to the plant inoculating mycorrhizal fungi, also can strengthen the resistance of plant in the adverse circumstance environment, improve its surviving rate, strengthen the ability of plant impoverishment tolerant, cold-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, mycorrhizal fungi and root system of plant also can greatly reduce Plant diseases, especially soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the insect pest of the plant such as Cyst nematode, root knot nematode after forming mycorhiza.The extracellular glycoprotein of mycorhiza secretion, be combined with the mycelia anastomose, is conducive to the formation of soil aggregate structure was, can improve soil stability, keep soil porosity, guarantee good tillage condition and aeration status, the organic matter in fixing soil, improve the carbon deposit in soil.Mycorhiza also can alleviate pollution edatope caused by heavy metal, organic pollutant, radioelement etc. and the disadvantageous effect that plant is caused, the plant of using mycorhiza fertilizer can absorb more heavy metal and organic pollutant than obsolete plant and not be poisoned, the organic acid energy complexing pollutent of its secretion, thereby weaken its toxicity, reduce the transportation of pollutent from root to overground part simultaneously, be the important storage of fixed-contamination thing in soil, there is huge value in contaminant degradation.
Current many countries all have company and produce bush mycorrhiza agent, and widespread use, as the U.S., Europe, Japan, Taiwan etc.Be mainly used in transplanting plant, as flowers, fruit tree, green tree species etc.
Researched and developed the bush mycorrhiza agent for arid area----RootgrowTM at the Britain East of Eden Plants center of growing seedlings, this microbial inoculum comprises at least 5 kinds of mycorrhizal fungis, and can adapt to water stress, inoculates this microbial inoculum and can improve plant percent.The Fungi PerfectiR that organizes of Washington state mandate also has multiple bush mycorrhiza agent product, wherein P1ant SuccessTM Tabs contains living in 12 kinds and Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, this microbial inoculum can promote plant and root growth, improves nutrient and moisture absorption, reduces the use of fertilizer.
Although most of mycorrhizal fungis can be infected multiple seeds, can adapt to the complex environment condition, should follow the principle of matching species with the site in the process of using as far as possible, just can reach the effect of getting twice the result with half the effort.External bacterial manure technology comparative maturity, in a lot of fields, carried out and applied, yet external edaphic condition and green tree species commonly used and domestic being very different, external bacterial manure is the green tree species commonly used to China not necessarily, as Chinese pine etc. effectively, and whether can to cause the environmental problem such as ecological invasion be also a unknown number.In addition, expensive, in China's afforestation, be difficult to promote.
Pt bush mycorrhiza agent by China Forestry Science Research Institute's research and development----plant strong treasured, kind is more single, and effectively bacterium is mainly the Lasiosphaera fenzlii class, and the scope of application is narrower, can not meet the great demand of current afforestation.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is that providing a kind of addresses the above problem, the careless carbon of take is raw material, can effectively promote conifer, species ofoak growth, using method is easy, cheap, obviously improve the root system of plant vigor after using, improvement soil, the enhancing plant is disease-resistant, anti-adversity ability, improves biological activity fertilizer preparation and the Term Fertilization method of surviving rate.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind ofly take biological activity fertilizer preparation and the Term Fertilization method that careless carbon is raw material, its effective constituent is with careless carbon, vermiculite is main raw material(s), grass carbon, vermiculite be take volume ratio as the 1:2 mixing, sneak into again the MMN liquid nutrient medium, 25 ℃ of constant temperature culture are after 15 days, inoculate multiple Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, it is standby after mycelia is covered with culture bag, with biological activated carbon, biological organic fertilizer, after water-holding agent and biological activity growth-promoting composition mix under aseptic condition, wherein biological activated carbon accounts for 15% of bacterial manure cumulative volume, biological organic fertilizer accounts for 25.5% of bacterial manure cumulative volume, the water-holding agent addition is 4.5 ‰, biological activity growth-promoting composition is 1 ‰, can obtain solid biologic mycorhiza preparation,
As preferably, described application process has three kinds,
1. connect the method for applying: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, microbial inoculum fertilizer is sprinkled in ditch and with soil and mixes, contact with root system, then earthing as far as possible, water and get final product, consumption is used 150g calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter;
2. liquid waters method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, by solid fungicide fertilizer thin up 30-40 doubly, the ratio that adds water 30-40kg with every 1kg microbial inoculum, after stirring, water in soil, consumption is used 1 liter of calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter;
3. matrix local method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, the amount risen by 3g/ according to the container size is used, and take spring and autumn while using as best;
As preferably, described gardening material is stalk, and described supplies are that branch is pulverized branch or wood chip.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the biological activity fertilizer that the present invention produces, the landscape engineering that can be widely used in the multiple reproducting tree species commonly used such as the northern area of China coniferale, Fagaceae, Salicaceae, Betulaceae, can obviously improve the absorption of root system of plant to various nutrient elements such as moisture and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, promote seedling growth, can improve plant to the tolerance of the environment such as arid, saline and alkaline, barren and the ability of resisting native transmissibility disease and pest simultaneously, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals; Beneficial microorganism in activating rhizosphere soil; Strengthen photosynthesis, improve the solid carbon ability of plant; Optimize the nursery stock quality, increase marketable value.In addition, after mycorrhizal fungi and plant formation symbiosis, also can improve degraded and the conversion capability to pollutent by being total to metabolism, alleviate local pollution control thing the coercing trees such as Mine Abandoned Land, oil, heavy-metal contaminated soil, garbage mountain, improve the surrival rate of afforestation, repair and pollute and impaired environment.The application of mycorhiza bio-feritlizer will be the developing direction of following pollution-free industry, be also one of effective way realized forestry sustainable development.
Embodiment
Below the present invention is described further,
Embodiment: a kind ofly take the biological active fertilizer preparation method for material that the gardening material is raw material, the peat composed of rotten mosses in the present invention is also replaceable is the discarded plant in the gardening that same-action and the effect such as has, its raw material easily finds in cities and towns, cost is also low, the present embodiment be take the peat composed of rotten mosses as example, and the former and vermiculite of the peat composed of rotten mosses of usining is as main raw material, and the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite is the 2:1 mixing by volume, specifically comprise the steps
1. the processing of vermiculite being sieved, get the part that particle diameter is greater than 1mm, standby;
2. by the peat composed of rotten mosses, the processing of sieving, get the part that particle diameter is 1mm-10mm, standby;
3. the vermiculite after sieving and the peat composed of rotten mosses are put into respectively to the high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilising treatment, 121 ℃, boiling 2 hours, spread material, dry in the air out after boiling and be cool;
4. the peat composed of rotten mosses and the vermiculite ratio of 1: 2 by volume that will dry in the air after cool is mixed, admix the MMN liquid nutrient medium, described material and liquid nutrient medium in mass ratio 1: the ratio of 1.2-1.5 is mixed, after stirring, ooze out and get final product with the hand-tight liquid of possessing, described every liter of MMN liquid culture based component is as follows: CaCl
20.05g; MgSO
40.15g; NaCl0.025g; FeCl
3(1%) 1.2ml; KH
2pO
40.5g; Vitamib B1 (VitB1) 100 μ g; (NH
4)
2hPO
40.25g; Peptone (12Be ') 100ml; Glucose (glucose) 10-15g; Citric acid 0.2g; Distilled water 900ml; The pH5.5 left and right;
5. the polyethylene culture bag (17*33cm) of the material of mixing being packed into, cotton plug or silica gel plug, tie up with bungee beyond the Great Wall, at 121 ℃ of autoclaving 30min;
After the culture bag (17*33cm) that 6. material be housed is cooled to room temperature, in Bechtop or sterilisable chamber or sterile environment, inoculate multiple Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, every bag of inoculum size is 5%-10%, and inoculating multiple Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi is Suillus grevillei (Suillus grevillei), slippery jack (Suillus luteus), King Boletus (Boletus edulis), red suede lid bolete (Xerocomus chrysenteron), rivet mushroom (gomphidius roseus), red wax mushroom (Laccaria laccata);
7. after the inoculation, in 25 ℃ of greenhouses or incubator, lucifuge is cultivated, and can cover with full bag after 15 days;
8. cultured mycorrhizal fungi will as main biologically active substance and biological activated carbon, fertilizer by volume 12:3:5 mix, press 4.5 ‰ of mixture quality and add the biological water-keeping agent, press 1 ‰ of mixture quality and add biological activity growth-promoting composition, mix, make microbial inoculum fertilizer;
9. after the packing, store in shady and cool lucifuge place, or be placed in 4 ℃ of refrigerator storage.
Application process of the present invention has three kinds,
1. directly apply method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, microbial inoculum fertilizer is sprinkled in ditch and with soil and mixes, contact with root system, then earthing as far as possible, water and get final product, consumption is used 150g calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter.
2. liquid waters method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, by solid fungicide fertilizer thin up 30-40 doubly, the ratio that adds water 30-40kg with every 1kg microbial inoculum, after stirring, water in soil, consumption is used 1 liter of calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter.
3. matrix local method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, the amount that microbial inoculum fertilizer rises by 3g/ according to the container size is used, and take spring and autumn while using as best; Use nice and cool early morning of appropriate to the occasion selection or dusk summer, avoid hot weather as far as possible.After using, within general 2-3 month, can form mycorhiza, Mycorrhizal Infection Incidence can reach more than 80%, and obvious growth-promoting effect was arranged after 1 year.
The biological activity fertilizer that the present invention produces, can be widely used in the landscape engineering of the multiple reproducting tree species commonly used such as the northern area of China coniferale, Fagaceae, Salicaceae, Betulaceae.After using this biological activity fertilizer, can obviously improve the absorption of root system of plant to various nutrient elements such as moisture and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, nickel, promote seedling growth, the lateral root number increases by 20%, height of seedling, leading thread increase by 25.5%, the surrival rate of afforestation improves more than 15%, and biomass increases 30%-50%; Can improve plant to the tolerance of the environment such as arid, saline and alkaline, barren and the ability of resisting native transmissibility disease and pest, sickness rate reduces by 25.5% left and right, has reduced the use of agricultural chemicals simultaneously; Beneficial microorganism in activating rhizosphere soil; Strengthen photosynthesis, improve the solid carbon ability of plant more than 30%; Optimize the nursery stock quality, increase marketable value.
In addition, use this product when the afforestation of environmental pollution area, after mycorrhizal fungi and plant formation symbiosis, also can improve degraded and the conversion capability to pollutent by being total to metabolism, alleviate local pollution control thing the coercing trees such as Mine Abandoned Land, oil, heavy-metal contaminated soil, garbage mountain, improve the surrival rate of afforestation, repair and pollute and impaired environment.Therefore, mycorhiza fertilizer is a kind of environmentally friendly agricultural technology, when obtaining high yield, has reduced the use of chemical pollutant, has also promoted degraded and the removal of pollutant in soil, has kept healthy soil system.After using once, can make the forest lifelong benefit, management is simple, when saving the forestry cost, has improved environmental quality.The application of mycorhiza bio-feritlizer will be the developing direction of following pollution-free industry, be also one of effective way realized forestry sustainable development.
Abovely to provided by the present invention, take biological activity fertilizer preparation and the application process that the gardening material is raw material and carried out detailed introduction, applied specific case herein principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, to change of the present invention and improvement, will be possible, and can not exceed design and the scope of accessory claim defined, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. take biological activity fertilizer preparation and the Term Fertilization method that careless carbon is raw material for one kind, it is characterized in that: its effective constituent is with careless carbon, vermiculite is main raw material(s), grass carbon, vermiculite be take volume ratio as mixing in 1: 2, sneak into again the MMN liquid nutrient medium, 25 ℃ of constant temperature culture are after 15 days, inoculate multiple Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, it is standby after mycelia is covered with culture bag, with biological activated carbon, biological organic fertilizer, after water-holding agent and biological activity growth-promoting composition mix under aseptic condition, wherein biological activated carbon accounts for 15% of bacterial manure cumulative volume, biological organic fertilizer accounts for 25.5% of bacterial manure cumulative volume, the water-holding agent addition is 4.5 ‰, biological activity growth-promoting composition is 1 ‰, can obtain solid biologic mycorhiza preparation.
2. a kind ofly according to claim 1 take biological activity fertilizer preparation and the Term Fertilization method that careless carbon is raw material, it is characterized in that: described application process has three kinds,
1. directly apply method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, microbial inoculum fertilizer is sprinkled in ditch and with soil and mixes, contact with root system, then earthing as far as possible, water and get final product, consumption is used 150g calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter;
2. liquid waters method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, annular ditching around root system, the degree of depth is advisable to expose the absorption root, by solid fungicide fertilizer thin up 30-40 doubly, the ratio that adds water 30-40kg with every 1kg microbial inoculum, after stirring, water in soil, consumption is used 1 liter of calculating by every 2.5 centimetres of trunk diameter;
3. matrix local method: when nursery stock transplanting and field planting, the amount risen by 3g/ according to the container size is used, and take spring and autumn while using as best.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108471714A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-08-31 | 富兰帝欧公司 | Plant cultivation culture medium generation external member, plant cultivation culture medium generation method and the regeneration method using the plant cultivation culture medium finished |
| CN109566267A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-05 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of solid exotrophic mycorrhiza agent and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109699444A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-03 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A kind of Flos micheliae Albae matches the preparation method of the raw-soil |
| CN109769568A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of method of opencast coal mine dump restoration of the ecosystem |
| CN113115676A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-16 | 苏州工业园区园林绿化工程有限公司 | Technology for improving survival rate by afforestation, water and fertilizer conservation of Chinese tallow tree mountainous regions |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108471714A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-08-31 | 富兰帝欧公司 | Plant cultivation culture medium generation external member, plant cultivation culture medium generation method and the regeneration method using the plant cultivation culture medium finished |
| CN109566267A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-05 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of solid exotrophic mycorrhiza agent and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN109769568A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of method of opencast coal mine dump restoration of the ecosystem |
| CN109699444A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-03 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | A kind of Flos micheliae Albae matches the preparation method of the raw-soil |
| CN109699444B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2021-11-23 | 上海市园林科学规划研究院 | Preparation method of magnolia denudata regel |
| CN113115676A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-07-16 | 苏州工业园区园林绿化工程有限公司 | Technology for improving survival rate by afforestation, water and fertilizer conservation of Chinese tallow tree mountainous regions |
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