CN103437096A - Crystal transition modification method for cotton fibers - Google Patents
Crystal transition modification method for cotton fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN103437096A CN103437096A CN201310320604XA CN201310320604A CN103437096A CN 103437096 A CN103437096 A CN 103437096A CN 201310320604X A CN201310320604X A CN 201310320604XA CN 201310320604 A CN201310320604 A CN 201310320604A CN 103437096 A CN103437096 A CN 103437096A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crystal transition modification method for cotton fibers. The method comprises the following steps of: placing the cotton fibers in a closed container; filling a modification medium; rising pressure to modification pressure; instantly releasing the pressure; removing the modification medium to obtain crystal transition modified cotton fibers. By using the technical scheme, the method has the advantages that 1, the modification purpose is achieved by changing a lattice structure, the modified fibers overcome the original defects of the fibers, the porosity is increased, the crystallinity is reduced, the fibers are soft, and the dimensional stability, the softness, the dyeing performance and the like of a product are improved; 2, the modified fibers is expanded to the greatest extent and the puffiness and the softness of the yarn are greatly improved by using the method for instantly releasing the pressure, so that the spinning, weaving and dyeing performances of the fibers are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The crystalline substance that the present invention relates to a kind of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the cotton fiber of abrupt release pressure after pressurize a period of time.
Background technology
The cotton fiber elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, anti-highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting, be the most large natural fabric.But its elasticity and elasticity are restorative poor, easily mouldy, inflammable, dyeing energy consumption and pollution are all larger, and dye-uptake and COLOR FASTNESS are not high yet.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.It is processing modified etc. that physical modification method mainly comprises that discharge technology modification, high steam dodge quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia.Chemical modification method mainly comprises cellulose esters modification, cellulose ethers modification, graft modification with cellulose and cellulose crosslinked modification etc.
The method of modifying that has formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized processing has similar effect, as characteristics such as natural crimp disappear, cross section becomes circle, inner chamber diminishes, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is difficult for removing and also can cause fiber to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as the modification medium, in the recycled fiber of boost-pressurize of routine in closed container-again, the method for modification medium has certain effect to cotton fiber, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
The crystalline substance that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the cotton fiber of abrupt release pressure after pressurize a period of time.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber of the present invention becomes method of modifying, is that cotton fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with the modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, and then abrupt release pressure, remove the modification medium, obtains the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.Its principle is: cotton fiber is placed in to closed container, movable sealing under the under high pressure movable sealing of this closed container and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium constant speed topping up, can regulate the flow, time and the temperature that are filled with modification medium in closed container, thereby the rate of change of pressure, two-phase interface and the above-mentioned parameter of regulation and control modification, and then the running parameters such as permeability, infiltration rate and evaporation rate of regulation and control liquid medium; Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, the modification medium is penetrated in fibr tissue preferably, hydrogen bond network between the reconstruct cellulosic molecule, changed the microstructure of fiber, aggravation cellulose macromolecule sub-chain motion, make between cellulosic molecule to occur swelling action, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and has realized the once regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Again by the high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified media in the abrupt release closed container, produce huge pressure reduction in fibr tissue inside and outside moment, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, Perfect Reconstruction the hydrogen bond network between cellulosic molecule, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and has realized the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.The modification medium that finally adopts heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal cotton fiber has completed the described brilliant method of modifying that becomes.Brilliant become after modification cotton fiber to have softness good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improved the spinning of fiber, knit, the metachromia energy, become remarkable natural fabric and newly spin material.
As preferred technical scheme:
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and the length of described cotton fiber is 10～90mm, and fineness is 0.05～0.4tex.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, by the hydrogen bond network between twice reconstruct cellulosic molecule, the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure have been realized, make between cellulosic molecule swelling action more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and finally adopts the modification medium that heats and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal cotton fiber to complete the described brilliant modification that becomes.Adopt the described brilliant method of modifying that becomes, can make the brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber compare with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, hole increases 8%～11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%～15%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%～18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%～15%.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and the modification medium is liquefied ammonia; The modification medium need possess following 3 features: 1) have good diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and cellulose, the hydrogen bond network between the reconstruct cellulosic molecule, improve cellulosic swelling behavior; 3) be easy to the phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to the evaporation of modification medium and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical propertys such as phase transformation, and these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, the modifier pressure abrupt release, and moment produces larger pressure differential, can significantly improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, makes cotton fiber produce abundant swelling, is the brilliant critical process process that becomes modification.To different cotton fibers, the modifier pressure difference of requirement, the speed difference of earth pressure release, the pressure differential difference that moment produces, under the prerequisite that does not improve modifier pressure, obtain high as far as possible release pressure poor, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure.To cotton fiber, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be 0.5～1.2MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure, so the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure moment drop to modifier pressure 1% and below.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and for the standard technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, obtain good swelling effect, 1% the time that requires pressure to drop to modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds and gets final product, at 3 seconds～5 seconds, be advisable, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 3 seconds～5 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s～0.5MPa/s.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, for obtaining good diffusivity and the best modified effect of modification medium, and the modifying process energy consumes minimum, the flow, time and the temperature that need ammoniacal liquor in regulation and control topping up process, reach the purpose of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And the process of boosting is one of most important influence factor, need adopt the different processes of boosting to different fibers, a large number of experiments show that: cotton fiber content of cellulose accounting is more than 90%, structure of fibrous tissue is even, be applicable to using the constant speed boosting mode, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton fiber is advisable at 0.1～0.5MPa/min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and in modifying process, the rear pressurize a period of time of boosting is for the modification medium being penetrated in structure of fibrous tissue more fully, better completing the hydrogen bond network reconstruct between cellulosic molecule.This process is all necessary to the crystalline substance change modification of all fibres.To cotton fiber, the rear pressurize 1min that boosts is above to be got final product, and the dwell time is advisable at 1～10min, and therefore the described rear dwell time of boosting is 1～10min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, after twice reconstruct of the hydrogen bond network between the cellulosic molecule of fiber, remove the modification medium technical process that is absolutely necessary, this process does not affect the lattice structure of fiber, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes pollution-free, zero-emission are to realize the key factor of large-scale industrial production, this will directly affect the brilliant vitality that becomes method of modifying, about how high efficiency, low energy consumption, pollution-free, zero-emission complete this process again separate case write the series of patents statement.Remove the modification medium described in this case and remove the modification medium in cotton fiber for adopting heating and vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches the modification purpose by changing crystal structure.Fiber after modification overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, has improved DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, flexibility, level-dyeing property and the dyeability etc. of product.
2. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling of fiber after modification dodge quick-fried, and softness is good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, has significantly improved the spinning of fiber, knits, the metachromia energy, becomes remarkable natural fabric and newly spins material.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only are not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, by length, be that the cotton fiber that 10mm, fineness are 0.05tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.1MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.5Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.1MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Then adopt heating and vavuum pump to vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, until in closed container, pressure is reduced to 133Pa, now obtain the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, by length, be that the cotton fiber that 18mm, fineness are 0.18tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.2MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.8Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.008Mpa.Then adopt heating and vavuum pump to vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, until in closed container, pressure is reduced to 133Pa, now obtain the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 9%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 16%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 13%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, by length, be that the cotton fiber that 50mm, fineness are 0.22tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.3MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 1Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.001Mpa.Then adopt heating and vavuum pump to vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, until in closed container, pressure is reduced to 133Pa, now obtain the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 14%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, by length, be that the cotton fiber that 90mm, fineness are 0.4tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.5MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.012Mpa.Then adopt heating and vavuum pump to vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, until in closed container, pressure is reduced to 133Pa, now obtain the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 15%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Claims (10)
1. the crystalline substance of a cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that: cotton fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with the modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, remove the modification medium, obtains the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.
2. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, the length of described cotton fiber is 10～90mm, and fineness is 0.05～0.4tex.
3. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, the described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8%～11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%～15%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%～18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%～15%.
4. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described modification medium is liquefied ammonia.
5. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described modifier pressure is 0.5～1.2MPa, described abrupt release pressure refer to pressure moment drop to described modifier pressure 1% and below.
6. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 5 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
7. a kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that, and described moment refers to 3 seconds～5 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s～0.5MPa/s.
8. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described boosting boosted for constant speed, and rate of pressure rise is 0.1MPa/min～0.5MPa/min.
9. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, rear maintenance 1min～10min boosts.
10. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is removed the modification medium in cotton fiber for adopting heating and vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating.
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| CN201310320604.XA CN103437096B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying |
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| CN201310320604.XA CN103437096B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105463840A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 崔志锋 | A novel polymer antibacterial agent |
| WO2021237519A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 | Method for treating flash-explosion of supercritical co2 fluid for natural fiber |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 邵自强等: ""棉纤维蒸汽闪爆改性及其化学反应性能"", 《火炸药学报》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105463840A (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2016-04-06 | 崔志锋 | A novel polymer antibacterial agent |
| WO2021237519A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 | Method for treating flash-explosion of supercritical co2 fluid for natural fiber |
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| CN103437096B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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