CN103422271B - A kind of crystalline substance of tossa becomes method of modifying - Google Patents
A kind of crystalline substance of tossa becomes method of modifying Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422271B CN103422271B CN201310318049.7A CN201310318049A CN103422271B CN 103422271 B CN103422271 B CN 103422271B CN 201310318049 A CN201310318049 A CN 201310318049A CN 103422271 B CN103422271 B CN 103422271B
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- tossa
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Abstract
The crystalline substance that the present invention relates to a kind of tossa becomes method of modifying, is that tossa is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modification tossa.The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows: 1, reach modification object by changing lattice structure, modified fiber overcomes its native defect, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.2, adopt the method for abrupt release pressure, modified fiber farthest expanded, significantly improves bulkiness and the flexibility of fiber, thus significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy.
Description
Technical field
The crystalline substance that the present invention relates to a kind of tossa becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the tossa of abrupt release pressure brilliant change method of modifying after pressurize a period of time.
Background technology
Tossa is textile raw material important in natural fabric, is the fiber that in natural fabric, Young's modulus is very large.It has the advantageous characteristic such as moisture absorption, ventilative, heat radiation, antibacterial, mildew-resistant, radiation proof, intensity are high, but also there is the defects such as hard, difficulty is spun, difficulty is knitted, difficulty contaminates, cause its wearability poor, not easily make high-end weaving tossa, the overwhelming majority is low value-added product.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.Physical modification method mainly comprises discharge technology modification, high steam dodges quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia are processing modified etc.Chemical modification method mainly comprises cellulose esters modification, cellulose ethers modification, graft modification with cellulose and cellulose crosslinked modification etc.
The method of modifying having formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized process has similar effect, as features such as natural crimp disappearance, cross section change circle, inner chamber diminish, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is not easily removed and fiber also can be caused to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as modification medium, in the recycled fiber of conventional boosting-pressurize in closed container-again, the method for modification medium has certain effect to tossa, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
The crystalline substance that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of tossa becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the tossa of abrupt release pressure brilliant change method of modifying after pressurize a period of time.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa of the present invention becomes method of modifying, is that tossa is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modification tossa.Its principle is: tossa is placed in closed container, and this closed container can movable sealing under under high pressure movable sealing and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium constant speed topping up, adjustable be filled with modification medium in closed container flow, time and temperature, thus the rate of change of the regulation and control pressure of modification, two-phase interface and above-mentioned parameter, and then the running parameter such as the permeability of regulation and control liquid medium, infiltration rate and evaporation rate; Regulate the intermittent time of topping up and the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, modification medium penetrates in fibr tissue preferably, hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, change the microstructure of fiber, aggravation cellulose macromolecule sub-chain motion, make, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action occurs, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and achieves the once regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Again by high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified medium in abrupt release closed container, huge pressure reduction is produced instantaneously with outside in fibr tissue inside, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, the hydrogen bond network between Perfect Reconstruction cellulosic molecule, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and achieves the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Finally adopt heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in tossa and namely complete described crystalline substance change method of modifying.Brilliant become modified tossa to have softness excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy, become remarkable natural fabric and newly spin material.
As preferred technical scheme:
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, and the length of described tossa is 100 ~ 40mm, and fineness is 1.5 ~ 4.5tex.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, by the hydrogen bond network between twice reconstruct cellulosic molecule, achieve the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure, make swelling action between cellulosic molecule more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and finally adopts heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in tossa namely to complete described crystalline substance change modification.Crystalline substance described in employing becomes method of modifying, and can make the microcosmic lattice of brilliant change modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, hole increases 12% ~ 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22% ~ 28%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 35% ~ 45%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20% ~ 24%.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, and modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Modification medium need possess following three point patterns: 1) have excellent diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and cellulose, the hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, improves cellulosic swelling behavior; 3) be easy to phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to modification medium evaporation and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, and molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical property such as phase transformation, these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, and modifier pressure abrupt release, produces larger pressure differential instantaneously, significantly can improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, tossa is produced fully swelling, is the brilliant critical process process becoming modification.To different tossas, the modifier pressure of requirement is different, and the speed of earth pressure release is different, and the pressure differential produced instantaneously is different, under the prerequisite not improving modifier pressure, obtain release pressure high as far as possible poor, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure.To tossa, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 3.2MPa, can reach 6MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure P should be 3.2 ~ 6MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure, therefore the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure drop to instantaneously modifier pressure 1% and below.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, and in order to specification technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, obtain excellent swelling effect, require that the time that pressure drops to 1% of modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 1.2 seconds, be advisable at 0.5 second ~ 1.2 seconds, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 0.5 second ~ 1.2 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 3.5MPa/s ~ 12MPa/s.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, for obtaining the good diffusivity of modification medium and best modified effect, and modifying process energy ezpenditure is minimum, need to regulate and control the flow of ammoniacal liquor in filling process, time and temperature, reach the object of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And boost process is one of most important influence factor, different boost process need be adopted to different fibers, a large number of experiments show that: tossa is applicable to boosting by the combination of linear boosting and gap boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
wherein t is pressure rising time, k
0for initial boost speed.To tossa, initial boost speed k
0be not less than 0.5MPa/min, can reach 1.5MPa/min, therefore described linear initial boost speed is within the scope of 0.5MPa/min ~ 1.5MPa/min; During the boosting of gap, off time is not less than 1min, and off time is 1min ~ 10min, and each intermittently pressure rising time is 2min-5min.Interval initial boost speed k
0be not less than 1MPa/min, can 2.5MPa/min be reached, gap initial boost speed k
0for within the scope of 1MPa/min ~ 2.5MPa/min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, and in modifying process, after boosting, pressurize a period of time is to make modification medium penetrate in structure of fibrous tissue more fully, better completes the hydrogen bond network reconstruct between cellulosic molecule.It is all necessary that this process becomes modification to the crystalline substance of all fibres.To tossa, more than pressurize 5min after boosting, the dwell time is advisable at 5 ~ 20min, and therefore after described boosting, the dwell time is 5 ~ 20min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of tossa as above becomes method of modifying, after twice reconstruct of hydrogen bond network between the cellulosic molecule of fiber, remove modification medium to be absolutely necessary technical process, this process does not affect the lattice structure of fiber, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes that is pollution-free, zero-emission are the key factors realizing large-scale industrial production, this directly will affect the brilliant vitality becoming method of modifying, high efficiency, low energy consumption, the completing this process and separate case will write series of patents statement again of pollution-free, zero-emission about how.Removing modification medium described in this case is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal tossa.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches modification object by changing crystal structure.Modified fiber overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility, level-dyeing property and dyeability etc.
2. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling sudden strain of a muscle of modified fiber quick-fried, and softness is excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improves the spinning of fiber, knits, metachromia energy, becomes remarkable natural fabric and newly spins material.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
The crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, and be 100mm by length, fineness is that the tossa of 1.5tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, the mode that linearly boost in boosting and gap combines boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
during linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 2Mpa; Again by the mode of gap boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, off time is 1min, and each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 3.2MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3.5MPa/s to 0.0032Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modification tossa.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 12%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 2
The crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, and be 200mm by length, fineness is that the tossa of 2.5tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, the mode that linearly boost in boosting and gap combines boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
during linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 0.8MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 2Mpa; Again by the mode of gap boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, off time is 2min, and each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 4MPa, pressurize 10min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 4MPa/s to 0.004Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modification tossa.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 23%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 3
The crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, and be 300mm by length, fineness is that the tossa of 3tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, the mode that linearly boost in boosting and gap combines boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
during linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 3Mpa; Again by the mode of gap boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 1.5MPa/min, off time is 5min, and each interval pressure rising time is 3min, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modification tossa.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 25%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 22%.
Embodiment 4
The crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, and be 400mm by length, fineness is that the tossa of 4.5ex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, the mode that linearly boost in boosting and gap combines boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
during linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 1.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 3Mpa; Again by the mode of gap boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 2.5MPa/min, off time is 10min, and each interval pressure rising time is 5min, to modifier pressure 6MPa, pressurize 20min, then in 0.5 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 12MPa/s to 0.006Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modification tossa.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 28%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 45%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 24%.
Claims (6)
1. the crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, it is characterized in that: tossa is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modification tossa; Described modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Described modifier pressure P is 3.2 ~ 6MPa, described abrupt release pressure be finger pressure drop to instantaneously described modifier pressure 1% and following, describedly refer to 0.5 second ~ 1.2 seconds instantaneously, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 3.5MPa/s ~ 12MPa/s; 5min ~ 20min is kept after boosting.
2. the crystalline substance of a kind of tossa according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, and it is characterized in that, the length of described tossa is 100 ~ 400mm, and fineness is 1.5 ~ 4.5tex.
3. the crystalline substance of a kind of tossa according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 12% ~ 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22% ~ 28%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 35% ~ 45%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20% ~ 24%.
4. the crystalline substance of a kind of tossa according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, and it is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
5. the crystalline substance of a kind of tossa according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described boosting is the combination of linear boosting and gap boosting, and rate of pressure rise k all meets relational expression
wherein t is pressure rising time, k
0for initial boost speed; During linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0within the scope of 0.5MPa/min ~ 1.5MPa/min; During the boosting of gap, off time is 1min ~ 10min, and each intermittently pressure rising time is 2 ~ 5min, initial boost speed k
0within the scope of 1MPa/min ~ 2.5MPa/min.
6. the crystalline substance of a kind of tossa according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal tossa.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310318049.7A CN103422271B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of crystalline substance of tossa becomes method of modifying |
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| CN201310318049.7A CN103422271B (en) | 2013-07-26 | 2013-07-26 | A kind of crystalline substance of tossa becomes method of modifying |
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| CN103422271B true CN103422271B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "闪爆处理对大麻纤维结构与性能的影响";吴君南等;《纺织学报》;20080415;第29卷(第4期);第14-17页 * |
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