CN103437096B - A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying - Google Patents
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying Download PDFInfo
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- CN103437096B CN103437096B CN201310320604.XA CN201310320604A CN103437096B CN 103437096 B CN103437096 B CN 103437096B CN 201310320604 A CN201310320604 A CN 201310320604A CN 103437096 B CN103437096 B CN 103437096B
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Abstract
The crystalline substance that the present invention relates to a kind of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, is that cotton fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modified cotton fiber.The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows: 1, reach modification object by changing lattice structure, modified fiber overcomes its native defect, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.2, adopt the method for abrupt release pressure, modified fiber farthest expanded, significantly improves bulkiness and the flexibility of fiber, thus significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy.
Description
Technical field
The crystalline substance that the present invention relates to a kind of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the cotton fiber of abrupt release pressure brilliant change method of modifying after pressurize a period of time.
Background technology
Cotton fiber elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, resistance to highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting is the most large natural fabric.But its elasticity and elastic recovery poor, easily mouldy, inflammable, dyeing energy consumption and pollute all comparatively large, dye-uptake and COLOR FASTNESS are not high yet.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.Physical modification method mainly comprises discharge technology modification, high steam dodges quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia are processing modified etc.Chemical modification method mainly comprises cellulose esters modification, cellulose ethers modification, graft modification with cellulose and cellulose crosslinked modification etc.
The method of modifying having formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized process has similar effect, as features such as natural crimp disappearance, cross section change circle, inner chamber diminish, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is not easily removed and fiber also can be caused to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as modification medium, in the recycled fiber of conventional boosting-pressurize in closed container-again, the method for modification medium has certain effect to cotton fiber, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
The crystalline substance that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the cotton fiber of abrupt release pressure brilliant change method of modifying after pressurize a period of time.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber of the present invention becomes method of modifying, is that cotton fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modified cotton fiber.Its principle is: cotton fiber is placed in closed container, and this closed container can movable sealing under under high pressure movable sealing and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium constant speed topping up, adjustable be filled with modification medium in closed container flow, time and temperature, thus the rate of change of the regulation and control pressure of modification, two-phase interface and above-mentioned parameter, and then the running parameter such as the permeability of regulation and control liquid medium, infiltration rate and evaporation rate; Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, modification medium penetrates in fibr tissue preferably, hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, change the microstructure of fiber, aggravation cellulose macromolecule sub-chain motion, make, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action occurs, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and achieves the once regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Again by high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified medium in abrupt release closed container, huge pressure reduction is produced instantaneously with outside in fibr tissue inside, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, the hydrogen bond network between Perfect Reconstruction cellulosic molecule, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and achieves the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Finally adopt heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in cotton fiber and namely complete described crystalline substance change method of modifying.Brilliant become modified cotton fiber to have softness excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy, become remarkable natural fabric and newly spin material.
As preferred technical scheme:
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and the length of described cotton fiber is 10 ~ 90mm, and fineness is 0.05 ~ 0.4tex.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, by the hydrogen bond network between twice reconstruct cellulosic molecule, achieve the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure, make swelling action between cellulosic molecule more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and finally adopts heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in cotton fiber namely to complete described crystalline substance change modification.Crystalline substance described in employing becomes method of modifying, and can make the microcosmic lattice of brilliant change modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, hole increases 8% ~ 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10% ~ 15%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15% ~ 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12% ~ 15%.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Modification medium need possess following three point patterns: 1) have excellent diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and cellulose, the hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, improves cellulosic swelling behavior; 3) be easy to phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to modification medium evaporation and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, and molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical property such as phase transformation, these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and modifier pressure abrupt release, produces larger pressure differential instantaneously, significantly can improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, cotton fiber is produced fully swelling, is the brilliant critical process process becoming modification.To different cotton fibers, the modifier pressure of requirement is different, and the speed of earth pressure release is different, and the pressure differential produced instantaneously is different, under the prerequisite not improving modifier pressure, obtain release pressure high as far as possible poor, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure.To cotton fiber, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be 0.5 ~ 1.2MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure, therefore the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure drop to instantaneously modifier pressure 1% and below.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and in order to specification technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, obtain excellent swelling effect, require that the time that pressure drops to 1% of modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds, be advisable at 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s ~ 0.5MPa/s.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, for obtaining the good diffusivity of modification medium and best modified effect, and modifying process energy ezpenditure is minimum, need to regulate and control the flow of ammoniacal liquor in filling process, time and temperature, reach the object of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And boost process is one of most important influence factor, different boost process need be adopted to different fibers, a large number of experiments show that: cotton fiber content of cellulose accounting more than 90%, structure of fibrous tissue is even, be applicable to using constant speed boosting mode, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton fiber is advisable at 0.1 ~ 0.5MPa/min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, and in modifying process, after boosting, pressurize a period of time is to make modification medium penetrate in structure of fibrous tissue more fully, better completes the hydrogen bond network reconstruct between cellulosic molecule.It is all necessary that this process becomes modification to the crystalline substance of all fibres.To cotton fiber, more than pressurize 1min after boosting, the dwell time is advisable at 1 ~ 10min, and therefore after described boosting, the dwell time is 1 ~ 10min.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber as above becomes method of modifying, after twice reconstruct of hydrogen bond network between the cellulosic molecule of fiber, remove modification medium to be absolutely necessary technical process, this process does not affect the lattice structure of fiber, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes that is pollution-free, zero-emission are the key factors realizing large-scale industrial production, this directly will affect the brilliant vitality becoming method of modifying, high efficiency, low energy consumption, the completing this process and separate case will write series of patents statement again of pollution-free, zero-emission about how.Removing modification medium described in this case is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal cotton fiber.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches modification object by changing crystal structure.Modified fiber overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility, level-dyeing property and dyeability etc.
2. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling sudden strain of a muscle of modified fiber quick-fried, and softness is excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improves the spinning of fiber, knits, metachromia energy, becomes remarkable natural fabric and newly spins material.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, be 10mm by length, fineness is that the cotton fiber of 0.05tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.5Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.1MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modified cotton fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, be 18mm by length, fineness is that the cotton fiber of 0.18tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.8Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.2MPa/min, pressurize 3min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.008Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modified cotton fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 9%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 16%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 13%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, be 50mm by length, fineness is that the cotton fiber of 0.22tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.3MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.001Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modified cotton fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 14%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, be 90mm by length, fineness is that the cotton fiber of 0.4tex is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1.2Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.5MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.012Mpa.Then adopt the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely acquisition is brilliant becomes modified cotton fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 15%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Claims (5)
1. the crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes a method of modifying, it is characterized in that: cotton fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains brilliant change modified cotton fiber; Described modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Described modifier pressure is 0.5 ~ 1.2MPa, described abrupt release pressure be finger pressure drop to instantaneously described modifier pressure 1% and following; Describedly refer to 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds instantaneously, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s ~ 0.5MPa/s; Described boosting is constant speed boosting, and rate of pressure rise is 0.1MPa/min ~ 0.5MPa/min; 1min ~ 10min is kept after boosting.
2. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, and it is characterized in that, the length of described cotton fiber is 10 ~ 90mm, and fineness is 0.05 ~ 0.4tex.
3. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8% ~ 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10% ~ 15%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15% ~ 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12% ~ 15%.
4. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, and it is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
5. the crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal cotton fiber.
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| WO2021237519A1 (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-12-02 | 南通纺织丝绸产业技术研究院 | Method for treating flash-explosion of supercritical co2 fluid for natural fiber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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| Title |
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| "棉纤维蒸汽闪爆改性及其化学反应性能";邵自强等;《火炸药学报》;20010228(第1期);第44-46页 * |
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