CN103437093B - A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric - Google Patents
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN103437093B CN103437093B CN201310320602.0A CN201310320602A CN103437093B CN 103437093 B CN103437093 B CN 103437093B CN 201310320602 A CN201310320602 A CN 201310320602A CN 103437093 B CN103437093 B CN 103437093B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton crystalline substance and become modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, be that cotton is placed in closed container, be filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modification cotton.String cover or bonding mode are made into COTTON FABRIC by mutually intersecting, mutually crystalline substance to be become modification cotton.The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows: 1, reaching modification object by changing lattice structure, improve the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.2, adopt the method for abrupt release pressure, modified yarn is farthest expanded, significantly improves bulkiness and the flexibility of yarn.3, by the brilliant COTTON FABRIC becoming modification cotton and be made into, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, soft yarns, greatly improves the spinning of fabric, knits, metachromia energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton crystalline substance and become modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, specifically by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the crystalline substance change modification cotton that after pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure obtains, and this brilliant change modified yarn is made into the method for COTTON FABRIC.
Background technology
Cotton elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, resistance to highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting is the most large natural yarn.But its elasticity and elastic recovery poor, easily mouldy, inflammable, dyeing energy consumption and pollute all comparatively large, the COTTON FABRIC dye-uptake woven and COLOR FASTNESS are not high yet.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.Physical modification method mainly comprises discharge technology modification, high steam dodges quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia are processing modified etc.Chemical modification method mainly comprises esters modification, ethers modification, graft modification and cross-linking modified etc.
The method of modifying having formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized process has similar effect, as features such as natural crimp disappearance, cross section change circle, inner chamber diminish, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is not easily removed and yarn also can be caused to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as modification medium, in the collect yarn of conventional boosting-pressurize in closed container-again, the method for modification medium has certain effect to cotton, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.Like this, also there is above shortcoming in the COTTON FABRIC woven.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of cotton crystalline substance and become modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, specifically by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the crystalline substance change modification cotton that after pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure obtains, and this brilliant change modified yarn is made into the method for COTTON FABRIC.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance of the present invention becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, is that the cotton be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modification cotton.String cover or bonding mode are made into COTTON FABRIC by mutually intersecting, mutually crystalline substance to be become modification cotton.Its principle is: cotton is placed in closed container, and this closed container can movable sealing under under high pressure movable sealing and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium constant speed topping up, adjustable be filled with modification medium in closed container flow, time and temperature, thus the rate of change of the regulation and control pressure of modification, two-phase interface and above-mentioned parameter, and then the running parameter such as the permeability of regulation and control liquid medium, infiltration rate and evaporation rate; Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, modification medium penetrates in yarn tissue preferably, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct yarn, change the microstructure of yarn, the motion of aggravation macromolecular chain segment, make the intermolecular generation swelling action of yarn, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and achieves the once regulation and control of yarn lattice structure.Again by high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified medium in abrupt release closed container, huge pressure reduction is produced instantaneously at yarn organization internal and outside, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium is significantly improved, Perfect Reconstruction yarn intermolecular hydrogen bond network, the intermolecular swelling action of yarn is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and achieves the secondary regulation and control of yarn lattice structure.Then adopt heating and vacuumize the modification medium in parallel method of evaporating removal material, namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton.String cover and bonding mode are made into COTTON FABRIC by mutually intersecting, mutually finally crystalline substance to be become modification cotton.Brilliant become modified cotton to have softness excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, COTTON FABRIC significantly improve spin, knit, metachromia energy.
As preferred technical scheme:
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and the fineness of described cotton is 5 ~ 100; The thread count of described COTTON FABRIC is 50 ~ 800/10cm.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, by twice intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct yarn, achieve the secondary regulation and control of yarn lattice structure, make the intermolecular swelling action of yarn more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and then adopts heating and vacuumizes the modification medium in parallel method of evaporating removal material.String cover or bonding mode are made into COTTON FABRIC by mutually intersecting, mutually finally crystalline substance to be become modification cotton.Crystalline substance described in employing becomes method of modifying, and the crystalline substance of acquisition can be made to become COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice that modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 8% ~ 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10% ~ 15%; The COTTON FABRIC that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 18% ~ 25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12% ~ 15%.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Modification medium need possess following three point patterns: 1) have excellent diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and yarn, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct yarn, improves the swelling behavior of yarn; 3) be easy to phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to modification medium evaporation and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, and molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical property such as phase transformation, these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, modifier pressure abrupt release, produces larger pressure differential instantaneously, significantly can improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, cotton being produced fully swelling, is the brilliant critical process process becoming modification.To different cottons, the modifier pressure of requirement is different, and the speed of earth pressure release is different, and the pressure differential produced instantaneously is different, under the prerequisite not improving modifier pressure, obtain release pressure high as far as possible poor, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure.To cotton, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be 0.5 ~ 1.2MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure, therefore the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure drop to instantaneously modifier pressure 1% and below.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and in order to specification technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, obtain excellent swelling effect, require that the time that pressure drops to 1% of modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds, be advisable at 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.3MPa/s ~ 1MPa/s.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, for obtaining the good diffusivity of modification medium and best modified effect, and modifying process energy ezpenditure is minimum, need to regulate and control the flow of ammoniacal liquor in filling process, time and temperature, reach the object of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And boost process is one of most important influence factor, different boost process need be adopted to different yarns, a large number of experiments show that: cotton content of cellulose accounting more than 90%, yarn uniform texture, be applicable to using constant speed boosting mode, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton is advisable at 0.1 ~ 0.3MPa/min.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, in modifying process, after boosting, pressurize a period of time is to make modification medium can penetrate into more fully in yarn institutional framework, better completes the intermolecular hydrogen bond network reconstruct of yarn.It is all necessary that this process becomes modification to the crystalline substance of all yarns.To cotton, more than pressurize 1min after boosting, the dwell time is advisable at 1 ~ 10min, and therefore after described boosting, the dwell time is 1 ~ 10min.
A kind of cotton crystalline substance as above becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, after twice reconstruct of the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of yarn, remove modification medium to be absolutely necessary technical process, this process does not affect the lattice structure of yarn, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes that is pollution-free, zero-emission are the key factors realizing large-scale industrial production, this directly will affect the brilliant vitality becoming method of modifying, high efficiency, low energy consumption, the completing this process and separate case will write series of patents statement again of pollution-free, zero-emission about how.Removing modification medium described in this case is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal material.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1, the present invention reaches modification object by changing lattice structure, and modified yarn overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, soft yarns, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.
2, the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, and modified yarn is farthest expanded, and significantly improves bulkiness and the flexibility of yarn.
3, the COTTON FABRIC that is made into by modified cotton of the present invention, is greatly improved the spinning of fabric, knits, metachromia energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, 5 cottons are placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.5Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation is adopted to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton, finally by mutual square crossing one group of warp thread and one group of weft yarn is crisscross on loom is made into COTTON FABRIC, the COTTON FABRIC be made into is 5 × 5, 150/10cm × 50 piece/10cm.The fabric microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with described unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The fabric that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, 32 cottons are placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.8Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.008Mpa, then the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation is adopted to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton, finally by one group of yarn on knitting machine each other the lopping of string cover to be formed by connecting COTTON FABRIC, the COTTON FABRIC be made into is 32 × 32, 220/10cm × 156 piece/10cm.The fabric microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with described unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 9%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; The fabric that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, 40 cottons are placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.2MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.001Mpa, then the heating method of evaporating parallel with vacuum pump evacuation is adopted to remove modification medium, until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton, method finally by machinery makes it bonding and forms COTTON FABRIC, the COTTON FABRIC be made into is 40 × 40, 504/10cm × 236 piece/10cm.The fabric microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with described unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; The fabric that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, 100 cottons are placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1.2Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.3MPa/min, pressurize 10min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 1MPa/s to 0.0012Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton, finally by mutual square crossing one group of warp thread and one group of weft yarn is crisscross on loom is made into COTTON FABRIC, the COTTON FABRIC be made into is 100 × 100, 800/10cm × 700 piece/10cm.The fabric microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with described unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 15%; The fabric that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, 32 and 36 cottons are placed in closed container respectively, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.3MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 1MPa/s to 0.001Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium until pressure reduces to 133Pa in closed container, now namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton, finally by mutual square crossing one group of warp thread and one group of weft yarn is crisscross on loom is made into COTTON FABRIC, the COTTON FABRIC be made into is 32 × 36, 500/10cm × 400 piece/10cm.The fabric microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with described unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; The fabric that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 22%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 14%.
Claims (6)
1. cotton crystalline substance becomes modification and a method for woven cotton fabric, it is characterized in that: cotton is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains crystalline substance and becomes modification cotton; String cover or bonding mode are made into COTTON FABRIC by mutually intersecting, mutually described crystalline substance to be become modification cotton; Described modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Described modifier pressure is 0.5 ~ 1.2MPa, described abrupt release pressure be finger pressure drop to instantaneously described modifier pressure 1% and following; Describedly refer to 3 seconds ~ 5 seconds instantaneously, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.3MPa/s ~ 1MPa/s; 1min ~ 10min is kept after boosting.
2. a kind of cotton crystalline substance according to claim 1 becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and it is characterized in that, the fineness of described cotton is 5 ~ 100; The thread count of described COTTON FABRIC is 50 ~ 800/10cm.
3. a kind of cotton crystalline substance according to claim 1 becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, it is characterized in that, the COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC microcosmic lattice, and hole increases 8% ~ 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10% ~ 15%; The COTTON FABRIC that described crystalline substance change modification cotton is made into is compared with unmodified COTTON FABRIC, and dye-uptake improves 18% ~ 25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12% ~ 15%.
4. a kind of cotton crystalline substance according to claim 1 becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and it is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
5. a kind of cotton crystalline substance according to claim 1 becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, and it is characterized in that, described boosting is constant speed boosting, and rate of pressure rise is the steady state value within the scope of 0.1MPa/min ~ 0.3MPa/min.
6. a kind of cotton crystalline substance according to claim 1 becomes modification and the method for woven cotton fabric, it is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal cotton.
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Patent Citations (4)
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CN102787460A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-21 | 东华大学 | Method for modifying continuous multistage cotton and linen yarns |
CN102704095A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 东华大学 | Method for spinning high-grade knitting yarns by using long flax fibers |
CN102839456A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | Dry spinning method for spinning flax short fiber into high count yarn |
CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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