CN103437149B - A kind of brilliant change method of modifying - Google Patents
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying Download PDFInfo
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- CN103437149B CN103437149B CN201310318104.2A CN201310318104A CN103437149B CN 103437149 B CN103437149 B CN 103437149B CN 201310318104 A CN201310318104 A CN 201310318104A CN 103437149 B CN103437149 B CN 103437149B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of brilliant change method of modifying, the crystalline substance particularly relating to a kind of textile material becomes method of modifying, is that the material that is modified is placed in closed container, be filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change material modified.The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows: 1, applied widely, can not only modified cotton fiber and whole natural fabrics such as bast-fibres, goes back correctability viscose.2, reach modification object by changing lattice structure, modified fiber overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.3, adopt the method for abrupt release pressure, modified fiber farthest expanded, significantly improves bulkiness and the flexibility of fiber, thus significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and a kind of brilliant become method of modifying, the crystalline substance particularly relating to a kind of textile material becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the textile material brilliant change method of modifying of abrupt release pressure after pressurize a period of time.
Background technology
Cotton fiber elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, resistance to highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting is the most large natural fabric.But its elasticity and elastic recovery poor, easily mouldy, Yi Ran.Bast-fibre is textile raw material important in natural fabric, is the high rigid fiber that in natural fabric, Young's modulus is larger, especially representative with most such as ramie, jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, pineapple fibres.It has the advantageous characteristic such as moisture absorption, ventilative, heat radiation, antibacterial, mildew-resistant, radiation proof, intensity are high, but also exist hard, send out wrinkle, shrink, the defect such as difficulty is spun, difficulty is knitted, difficulty contaminate, cause that high bast-fibre is firmly most can only do low value-added after-product.
The soft good luster of viscose, hygroscopicity, gas permeability and dyeability are good, but because elasticity is poor, the easy fold of fabric and not easily the weakness such as recovery constrain its development.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.Physical modification method mainly comprises discharge technology modification, high steam dodges quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia are processing modified etc.Chemical modification method mainly comprises cellulose esters modification, cellulose ethers modification, graft modification with cellulose and cellulose crosslinked modification etc.Biological modified method mainly utilizes the process such as biology enzyme comes unstuck to fiber, polishing.
The method of modifying having formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized process has similar effect, as features such as natural crimp disappearance, cross section change circle, inner chamber diminish, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is not easily removed and fiber also can be caused to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as modification medium, in the recycled fiber of conventional boosting-pressurize in closed container-again, the method for modification medium only has certain effect to the fiber that in cotton and bast-fibre, Young's modulus is little, hardness is low, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, softness do not have be improved significantly.Further, prior art has little effect to ramie, jute, Chinese fiber crops, the contour hard fibre of sisal hemp.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of brilliant change method of modifying, a kind of crystalline substance of textile material is particularly provided to become method of modifying, specifically a kind of by modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the textile material of abrupt release pressure brilliant change method of modifying after pressurize a period of time.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying of the present invention, is that the material that is modified is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, remove modification medium, namely acquisition is brilliant becomes material modified.Its principle is: the material that will be modified is placed in closed container, and this closed container can movable sealing under under high pressure movable sealing and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium speed governing topping up, adjustable be filled with modification medium in closed container flow, time and temperature, thus the rate of change of the regulation and control pressure of modification, two-phase interface and above-mentioned parameter, and then the running parameter such as the permeability of regulation and control liquid medium, infiltration rate and evaporation rate; Regulate the intermittent time of topping up and the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, modification medium penetrates in fibr tissue preferably, hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, change the microstructure of fiber, aggravation cellulose macromolecule sub-chain motion, make, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action occurs, hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and achieves the once regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Again by high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified medium in abrupt release closed container, huge pressure reduction is produced instantaneously with outside in fibr tissue inside, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, the hydrogen bond network between Perfect Reconstruction cellulosic molecule, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and achieves the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Finally adopt heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in material and namely complete described crystalline substance change method of modifying.For the fiber of different-stiffness, different constituent, regulate fibrous crystal lattice structure once to regulate and control the relevant parameter with secondary regulation and control, described crystalline substance can be realized and become modification.Brilliant become modified material to have softness excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improve the spinning of fiber, knit, metachromia energy, become remarkable and newly spin material.
As preferred technical scheme:
A kind of brilliant become method of modifying as above, described in the material that is modified be fiber, yarn or fabric;
Described fiber is natural fabric or viscose; Described natural fabric is cotton fiber, linen fibre, ramee, tossa, kenaf, pineapple fibre fiber, sisal fiber, china-hemp fibers, piemarker fiber, gombo hemp fiber, abaca fibre or coconut palm flax fibre; Described viscose is mainly common viscose fiber, koplon or high tenacity staple fibre;
Described yarn is the yarn that natural fabric and/or viscose are spun into; For the blended yarn of natural fabric pure yarn, natural fiber mixed yarn, viscose pure yarn, viscose fiber blended yarn or natural fabric and viscose;
Described fabric is the fabric that described yarn and/or described viscose are made into.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, by the hydrogen bond network between twice reconstruct cellulosic molecule, achieve the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure, make swelling action between cellulosic molecule more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and finally adopts heating and vacuumize the parallel method of evaporating modification medium removed in material namely to complete described crystalline substance change modification.Crystalline substance described in employing becomes method of modifying, and the microcosmic lattice that brilliant change can be made material modified is compared with the microcosmic lattice of the described material that is modified, and hole increases 8 ~ 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10 ~ 30%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with the material modified and described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 15 ~ 50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12 ~ 25%.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, modification medium is liquefied ammonia; Modification medium need possess following three point patterns: 1) have excellent diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and cellulose, the hydrogen bond network between reconstruct cellulosic molecule, improves cellulosic swelling behavior; 3) be easy to phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to modification medium evaporation and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, and molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical property such as phase transformation, these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
A kind of brilliant become method of modifying, modifier pressure abrupt release as above, produce high pressure instantaneously poor, significantly can improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, the material that makes to be modified produces fully swelling, is the critical process process of brilliant change modification.To the different materials that is modified, the modifier pressure of requirement is different, and the speed of earth pressure release is different, and the pressure differential produced instantaneously is different, under the prerequisite not improving modifier pressure, obtain release pressure high as far as possible poor, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure.To cotton fiber and viscose, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.For linen fibre, ramee, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 1.2MPa, can reach 4MPa.For the high hard fibre that the Young's moduluss such as jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, pineapple fibre, gombo hemp are large, obtain good modified effect, modifier pressure needs to be more than or equal to 4MPa, can reach 9MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be P=0.5 ~ 9MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure, therefore the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure drop to instantaneously modifier pressure 1% and below.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, in order to specification technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, the high hard fibre large to Young's modulus, obtain excellent swelling effect, require that the time that pressure drops to 1% of modifier pressure from modifier pressure is better shorter, to the comparatively flexible fibre such as cotton fiber and viscose, the moment of release pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds, and the above-mentioned release pressure moment that physically can realize at present only can be more than or equal to 0.3 second, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 0.3 second ~ 5.0 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s ~ 30MPa/s, for jute, the contour hard fibre of gombo hemp, abrupt release pressure means " explosive release " pressure.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, for obtaining the good diffusivity of modification medium and best modified effect, and modifying process energy ezpenditure is minimum, need to regulate and control the flow of ammoniacal liquor in filling process, time and temperature, reach the object of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And boost process is one of most important influence factor, different boost process need be adopted to different fibers, as speed change boosting (linear boosting and parabola boosting) and gap boosting.During linear boosting, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
during parabola boosting, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
wherein t is pressure rising time, and P is modifier pressure, k
0for initial boost speed.A large number of experiments show that: the content of cellulose such as viscose, cotton fiber accounting more than 90%, structure of fibrous tissue is evenly the fiber changed is applicable to using constant speed boosting mode, as common viscose fiber, excellent constant speed rate of pressure rise is at 0.5MPa/min, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton fiber is advisable at 0.1 ~ 0.2MPa/min, and therefore described constant speed rate of pressure rise is the steady state value in 0.1MPa/min ~ 0.5MPa/min is rate of pressure rise.For linen fibre, ramee, be applicable to linear boosting, initial boost speed k
0be not less than 0.5MPa/min, can 1.5MPa/min be reached.To this kind of high hard fibre of the content of cellulose accountings 60 ~ 80% such as jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, gombo hemp, be applicable to the combination with speed change boosting mode (linear boosting or parabola boosting) or interval boosting mode or two kinds.Can reach 2.5MPa/min to the speed change initial boost speed that sisal fiber, pineapple fibre, gombo hemp fiber are applicable to, interval rate of pressure rise is less than 2.5MPa/min, and off time can reach 20min; To tossa, speed change initial boost speed k
0be not less than 0.5MPa/min, interval rate of pressure rise is less than 2.5MPa/min, and off time is not less than 1min.Therefore described speed change initial boost speed k
0change within the scope of 0.5MPa/min ~ 2.5MPa/min, off time is 1min ~ 20min, and each intermittently pressure rising time is 1min ~ 5min.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, in modifying process, after boosting, pressurize a period of time is to make modification medium penetrate in structure of fibrous tissue more fully, better completes the hydrogen bond network reconstruct between cellulosic molecule.It is all necessary that this process becomes modification to the crystalline substance of all fibres.To cotton fiber, viscose, more than pressurize 1min after boosting, and to the rigid bast-fibre of height, the dwell time can reach 30min afterwards in boosting, therefore after described boosting, the dwell time is 1 ~ 30min.
A kind of brilliant change method of modifying as above, after hydrogen bond network twice reconstruct between the cellulosic molecule of each fibrid, remove modification medium to be absolutely necessary technical process, this process does not affect the lattice structure of fiber, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes that is pollution-free, zero-emission are the key factors realizing large-scale industrial production, this directly will affect the brilliant vitality becoming method of modifying, high efficiency, low energy consumption, the completing this process and separate case will write series of patents statement again of pollution-free, zero-emission about how.Removing modification medium described in this case is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal material.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention is applied widely, can not only the natural fabric such as modified cotton fiber and bast-fibre, can also modified viscose fiber.
2. the present invention reaches modification object by changing crystal structure.Modified fiber overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, improves the DIMENSIONAL STABILITY of product, flexibility, level-dyeing property and dyeability etc.
3. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling sudden strain of a muscle of modified fiber quick-fried, and softness is excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improves the spinning of fiber, knits, metachromia energy, becomes remarkable natural fabric and newly spins material.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, the cotton fiber that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.5Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.1MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modified cotton fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified cotton fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified cotton fiber material compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crystalline substance of common viscose fiber becomes method of modifying, the common viscose fiber be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.5MPa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.3MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modifying common viscose.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modifying common viscose compared with the microcosmic lattice of described common viscose fiber, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Described crystalline substance becomes modifying common viscose material compared with described common viscose fiber, and dye-uptake improves 19%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 16%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of crystalline substance of koplon becomes method of modifying, the koplon that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.8MPa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.3MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.008MPa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification koplon.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification koplon compared with the microcosmic lattice of described koplon, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification koplon material compared with described koplon, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 13%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre becomes method of modifying, the high tenacity staple fibre that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 0.5MPa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.2MPa/min, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modified high-strength power viscose.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified high-strength power viscose compared with the microcosmic lattice of described high tenacity staple fibre, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified high-strength power viscose material compared with described high tenacity staple fibre, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Embodiment 5
The crystalline substance of linen fibre becomes a method of modifying, linen fibre is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.0012Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modification linen fibre.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification linen fibre compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen fibre, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification linen fibre compared with described linen fibre, and dye-uptake improves 22%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 16%.
Embodiment 6
The crystalline substance of ramee becomes a method of modifying, ramee is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modified ramie.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified ramie compared with the microcosmic lattice of described ramee, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified ramie compared with described ramee, and dye-uptake improves 25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%.
Embodiment 7
The crystalline substance of tossa becomes a method of modifying, tossa is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 3.2MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3.5MPa/s to 0.0032MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain the brilliant tossa becoming modification.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification tossa compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 12%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification tossa compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 8
The crystalline substance of kenaf becomes a method of modifying, kenaf is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.7MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 4MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 4MPa/s to 0.004MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification kenaf.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification kenaf compared with the microcosmic lattice of described kenaf, and hole increases 13%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 23%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification kenaf compared with described kenaf, and dye-uptake improves 36%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 9
The crystalline substance of pineapple fibre fiber becomes a method of modifying, pineapple fibre fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.8MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 4MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 4MPa/s to 0.004MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification pineapple fibre fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification pineapple fibre fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described pineapple fibre fiber, and hole increases 14%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 25%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification pineapple fibre fiber compared with described pineapple fibre fiber, and dye-uptake improves 37%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 10
The crystalline substance of sisal fiber becomes a method of modifying, sisal fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.8MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification sisal fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification sisal fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described sisal fiber, and hole increases 13%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification sisal fiber compared with described sisal fiber, and dye-uptake improves 36%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 11
The crystalline substance of china-hemp fibers becomes a method of modifying, china-hemp fibers is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification china-hemp fibers.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification china-hemp fibers compared with the microcosmic lattice of described china-hemp fibers, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 26%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification china-hemp fibers compared with described china-hemp fibers, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 12
The crystalline substance of piemarker fiber becomes a method of modifying, piemarker fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of linearly boosting and gap boosting is boosted, linear initial boost speed k
0for 1.2MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, again by the mode of gap boosting, with initial boost speed for the boosting of 1MPa/min interval, off time is 1min, each interval pressure rising time is 2min, to modifier pressure 6MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 6MPa/s to 0.006MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification piemarker fiber.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification piemarker fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described piemarker fiber, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 25%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification piemarker fiber compared with described piemarker fiber, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 13
The crystalline substance of gombo hemp fiber becomes a method of modifying, gombo hemp fiber is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of boosting and gap boosting is parabolically boosted, initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 3MPa, then by the mode boosted in gap, initial boost speed k
0for the boosting of 0.5MPa/min interval, off time is 5min, each interval pressure rising time is 3min, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtaining the brilliant gombo hemp fiber becoming modification.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification gombo hemp fiber compared with the microcosmic lattice of described gombo hemp fiber, and hole increases 17%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification gombo hemp fiber compared with described gombo hemp fiber, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 14
The crystalline substance of abaca fibre becomes a method of modifying, abaca fibre is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of boosting and gap boosting is parabolically boosted, initial boost speed k
0for 1.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 3MPa, then by the mode boosted in gap, initial boost speed k
0for the boosting of 1.5MPa/min interval, off time is 5min, each interval pressure rising time is 3min, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtaining the brilliant abaca fibre becoming modification.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification abaca fibre compared with the microcosmic lattice of described abaca fibre, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification abaca fibre compared with described abaca fibre, and dye-uptake improves 45%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 15
The crystalline substance of coconut palm flax fibre becomes a method of modifying, coconut palm flax fibre is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, and the mode of boosting and gap boosting is parabolically boosted, initial boost speed k
0for 2.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 6MPa, then by the mode boosted in gap, initial boost speed k
0for the boosting of 2.5MPa/min interval, off time is 20min, each interval pressure rising time is 5min, to modifier pressure 9MPa, pressurize 30min, then in 0.3 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 30MPa/s to 0.003MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtaining the brilliant coconut palm flax fibre becoming modification.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification coconut palm flax fibre compared with the microcosmic lattice of described coconut palm flax fibre, and hole increases 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 30%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification coconut palm flax fibre compared with described coconut palm flax fibre, and dye-uptake improves 50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 25%.
Embodiment 16
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton becomes method of modifying, the cotton that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1.2Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.1MPa/min, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modification cotton.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification cotton compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modification cotton material compared with the described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 17
A kind of crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre yarn becomes method of modifying, the high tenacity staple fibre that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, modifier pressure 1.2Mpa is boosted to by the rate of pressure rise constant speed of 0.2MPa/min, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modified high-strength power viscose staple fibre spun yarn.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified high-strength power viscose staple fibre spun yarn compared with the microcosmic lattice of described high tenacity staple fibre yarn, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified high-strength power viscose material compared with described high tenacity staple fibre yarn, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Embodiment 18
The crystalline substance of cotton fiber and flax fiber blended yarn becomes a method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modification blended yarn.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification blended yarn compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with the material modified and described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%.
Embodiment 19
The crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre and common viscose fiber blended yarn becomes a method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, linear initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 2min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modified viscose fiber and common viscose fiber blended yarn.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification blended yarn compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with material modified and described blended yarn, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 20
The crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre and ramie hemp blended yarn line becomes a method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, linear initial boost speed k
0for 1.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modified viscose fiber and ramie hemp blended yarn line.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modification blended yarn compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with the material modified and described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 21
The crystalline substance of ramie fabric becomes a method of modifying, ramie fabric is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, linear initial boost speed k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and removes modification medium, namely obtain brilliant change modified ramie fabric.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified ramie fabric compared with the microcosmic lattice of described ramie fabric, and hole increases 17%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Described crystalline substance becomes modified ramie fabric compared with described ramie fabric, and dye-uptake improves 39%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 22
The crystalline substance of linen thread and yarn and viscose yarn BLENDED FABRIC becomes a method of modifying, and the fabric that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, linearly boosting mode boosting, linear initial boost speed k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove modification medium, namely obtain crystalline substance and become modification linen thread and yarn and viscose fiber blended yarn fabric.Described crystalline substance becomes the microcosmic lattice of modified fabric compared with the microcosmic lattice of described fabric, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with the material modified and described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Claims (6)
1. a brilliant change method of modifying, is characterized in that: the material that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, removes modification medium, namely obtains crystalline substance and becomes material modified; Described modifier pressure P is 0.5 ~ 9MPa, described abrupt release pressure be finger pressure drop to instantaneously described modifier pressure 1% and following; Describedly refer to 0.3 second ~ 5.0 seconds instantaneously, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s ~ 30MPa/s; Described modification medium is liquefied ammonia; The described material that is modified is fiber, yarn or fabric; Described fiber is natural fabric or viscose; Described natural fabric is cotton fiber, linen fibre, ramee, tossa, kenaf, pineapple fibre fiber, sisal fiber, china-hemp fibers, piemarker fiber, gombo hemp fiber, abaca fibre or coconut palm flax fibre; Described viscose is mainly common viscose fiber, koplon or high tenacity staple fibre; Described yarn is the yarn that natural fabric and/or viscose are spun into; For the blended yarn of natural fabric pure yarn, natural fiber mixed yarn, viscose pure yarn, viscose fiber blended yarn or natural fabric and viscose; Described fabric is the fabric that described yarn and/or described viscose are made into.
2. according to claim 1ly a kind of brilliant become method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described crystalline substance becomes material modified microcosmic lattice compared with the microcosmic lattice of the described material that is modified, and hole increases 8 ~ 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10 ~ 30%; Described crystalline substance becomes compared with the material modified and described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 15 ~ 50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12 ~ 25%.
3. a kind of brilliant change method of modifying according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
4. according to claim 1ly a kind of brilliant become method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described boosting is constant speed boosting, speed change boosting or gap boosting or the wherein combination of two kinds;
During constant speed boosting, rate of pressure rise k is the steady state value in 0.1MPa/min ~ 0.5MPa/min;
Described speed change boosting is linear boosting or parabola boosting;
During linear boosting, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
During parabola boosting, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Wherein t is pressure rising time; k
0for initial boost speed, be 0.5MPa/min ~ 2.5MPa/min;
During the boosting of gap, off time is 1min ~ 20min, and each intermittently pressure rising time is 1 ~ 5min, and rate of pressure rise is 0.5MPa/min ~ 2.5MPa/min.
5. a kind of brilliant change method of modifying according to claim 1, is characterized in that, keep 1min ~ 30min after boosting.
6. one according to claim 1 is brilliant becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is the modification medium adopting heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal material.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1487141A (en) * | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | 郎金成 | Liquid ammonia treatment process for skein |
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1487141A (en) * | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | 郎金成 | Liquid ammonia treatment process for skein |
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "棉纤维蒸汽闪爆改性及其化学反应性能";邵自强等;《火炸药学报》;20010228(第1期);44-46 * |
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