CN103437149A - Crystal variation modification method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a crystal variation modification method, and especially relates to a crystal variation modification method for textile materials. The crystal variation modification method comprises following steps: material to be modified is delivered into a sealed container; a modification medium is added; the pressure of the sealed container is increased to be as large as a modification pressure, and then is decreased instantaneously; and the modification medium is removed, and then the crystal variation modified material is obtained. Advantages of the crystal variation modification method are that: 1) application range is wide, the crystal variation modification method can be used for modification of natural fibers such as cotton fiber and all kinds of bast fibers, and also for modification of viscose fiber; 2) the material is modified by change of crystal lattice shape, original defects of the material are eliminated, pores are enlarged, crystallinity is reduced, fibers are softened, and dimensional stability, softness and dyeing properties of the obtained products are improved; 3) instantaneous pressure release is employed, so that the modified fiber expands to a highest degree, bulkiness and softness of the fiber are increased greatly, and spinning, weaving and dyeing performances of the fiber are improved significantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes, the crystalline substance that particularly relates to a kind of textile material becomes method of modifying, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the textile material of abrupt release pressure after pressurize a period of time.
Background technology
The cotton fiber elongated flexible, good hygroscopicity, anti-highly basic, organic solvent-resistant, bleach tolerant and heat insulation heat-resisting, be the most large natural fabric.But its elasticity and elasticity are restorative poor, easily mouldy, easily right.Bast-fibre is textile raw material important in natural fabric, is the larger high rigid fiber of Young's modulus in natural fabric, especially the most representative with ramie, jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, pineapple fibre etc.It has the advantageous characteristic such as moisture absorption, ventilative, heat radiation, antibiotic, mildew-resistant, radiation proof, intensity height, but also exist hard, send out the defects such as wrinkle, shrink, difficulty are spun, difficulty is knitted, difficulty is dyed, cause the high hard bast-fibre overwhelming majority can only do low value-added after-product.
The soft good luster of viscose, hygroscopicity, gas permeability and dyeability are good, but because elasticity is poor, the easy fold of fabric and be difficult for the development that the weakness such as recovery has restricted it.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.It is processing modified etc. that physical modification method mainly comprises that discharge technology modification, high steam dodge quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia.Chemical modification method mainly comprises cellulose esters modification, cellulose ethers modification, graft modification with cellulose and cellulose crosslinked modification etc.Biological modified method mainly utilize biology enzyme to fiber come unstuck, the processing such as polishing.
The method of modifying that has formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized processing has similar effect, as characteristics such as natural crimp disappear, cross section becomes circle, inner chamber diminishes, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is difficult for removing and also can cause fiber to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as the modification medium, in the recycled fiber of boost-pressurize of routine in closed container-again, the method for modification medium only has certain effect to Young's modulus fiber little, that hardness is low in cotton and bast-fibre, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, softness do not have be improved significantly.And prior art has little effect to ramie, jute, Chinese fiber crops, the contour hard fibre of sisal hemp.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes, particularly provide a kind of crystalline substance of textile material to become method of modifying, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being pressurized to modifier pressure and the brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the textile material of abrupt release pressure after pressurize a period of time.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the present invention, be that the material that is modified is placed in to closed container, is filled with the modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, and then abrupt release pressure, remove the modification medium, obtains crystalline substance and become material modified.Its principle is: the material that will be modified is placed in closed container, movable sealing under the under high pressure movable sealing of this closed container and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium speed governing topping up, can regulate the flow, time and the temperature that are filled with modification medium in closed container, thereby the rate of change of pressure, two-phase interface and the above-mentioned parameter of regulation and control modification, and then the running parameters such as permeability, infiltration rate and evaporation rate of regulation and control liquid medium; Regulate the intermittent time of topping up and the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, the modification medium is penetrated in fibr tissue preferably, hydrogen bond network between the reconstruct cellulosic molecule, changed the microstructure of fiber, aggravation cellulose macromolecule sub-chain motion, make between cellulosic molecule to occur swelling action, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and has realized the once regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.Again by the high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified media in the abrupt release closed container, produce huge pressure reduction in fibr tissue inside and outside moment, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, Perfect Reconstruction the hydrogen bond network between cellulosic molecule, between cellulosic molecule, swelling action is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and has realized the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure.The modification medium that finally adopts heating and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal material has completed the described brilliant method of modifying that becomes.For the fiber of different-stiffness, different constituents, adjusting fibrous crystal lattice structure once regulates and controls the relevant parameter with the secondary regulation and control, can realize the described brilliant modification that becomes.Brilliant become after modification material to have softness good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improved the spinning of fiber, knit, the metachromia energy, become the remarkable material that newly spins.
As preferred technical scheme:
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, the described material that is modified is fiber, yarn or fabric;
Described fiber is natural fabric or viscose; Described natural fabric is cotton fiber, linen fibre, ramee, tossa, kenaf, pineapple fibre fiber, sisal fiber, china-hemp fibers, piemarker fiber, gombo hemp fiber, abaca fibre or coconut palm flax fibre; Described viscose is mainly common viscose fiber, koplon or high tenacity staple fibre;
Described yarn is the yarn that natural fabric and/or viscose are spun into; Blended yarn for natural fabric pure yarn, natural fiber mixed yarn, viscose pure yarn, viscose fiber blended yarn or natural fabric and viscose;
Described fabric is the fabric that described yarn and/or described viscose are made into.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, by the hydrogen bond network between twice reconstruct cellulosic molecule, the secondary regulation and control of fibrous crystal lattice structure have been realized, make between cellulosic molecule swelling action more thorough, hole obviously increases, and degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, COLOR FASTNESS improves, and finally adopts the modification medium that heats and vacuumize in parallel method of evaporating removal material to complete the described brilliant modification that becomes.Adopt the described brilliant method of modifying that becomes, can make the material modified microcosmic lattice of brilliant change compare with the microcosmic lattice of the described material that is modified, hole increases 8～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10～30%; Material modified and the described material that is modified of described brilliant change is compared, and dye-uptake improves 15～50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12～25%.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, the modification medium is liquefied ammonia; The modification medium need possess following 3 features: 1) have good diffusivity; 2) form a large amount of hydrogen bonds between energy and cellulose, the hydrogen bond network between the reconstruct cellulosic molecule, improve cellulosic swelling behavior; 3) be easy to the phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to the evaporation of modification medium and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical propertys such as phase transformation, and these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, the modifier pressure abrupt release, it is poor that moment produces high pressure, can significantly improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, and the abundant swelling of material production that makes to be modified is the brilliant critical process process that becomes modification.To the different materials that is modified, the modifier pressure difference of requirement, the speed difference of earth pressure release, the pressure differential difference that moment produces, under the prerequisite that does not improve modifier pressure, obtain high as far as possible release pressure poor, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure.To cotton fiber and viscose, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 0.5MPa, can reach 1.2MPa.For linen fibre, ramee, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 1.2MPa, can reach 4MPa.For large high hard fibres of Young's modulus such as jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, pineapple fibre, gombo hemps, obtain good modified effect, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 4MPa, can reach 9MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be P=0.5～9MPa.Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure, so the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure moment drop to modifier pressure 1% and below.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, for the standard technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, the large high hard fibre to Young's modulus, obtain good swelling effect, 1% the time that requires pressure to drop to modifier pressure from modifier pressure heals better short, to cotton fiber and viscose etc. than flexible fibre, the moment of release pressure is less than or equal to 5.0 seconds and gets final product, and the above-mentioned release pressure moment that physically can realize at present only can be more than or equal to 0.3 second, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 0.3 second～5.0 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s～30MPa/s, for jute, the contour hard fibre of gombo hemp, abrupt release pressure means " explosive release " pressure.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, for obtaining good diffusivity and the best modified effect of modification medium, and the modifying process energy consumes minimum, the flow, time and the temperature that need ammoniacal liquor in regulation and control topping up process, reach the purpose of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And the process of boosting is one of most important influence factor, need adopt the different processes of boosting to different fibers, as speed change is boosted (linearity boost and parabola boost) and boost in gap.When linearity is boosted, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
when parabola boosts, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
wherein t is pressure rising time, and P is modifier pressure, k
0for initial rate of pressure rise.A large number of experiments show that: the content of cellulose accountings such as viscose, cotton fiber are more than 90%, the structure of fibrous tissue more fiber of homogenising is applicable to using the constant speed boosting mode, as common viscose fiber, good constant speed rate of pressure rise is at 0.5MPa/min, the constant speed rate of pressure rise of cotton fiber is advisable at 0.1～0.2MPa/min, and therefore described constant speed rate of pressure rise is that the steady state value in 0.1MPa/min～0.5MPa/min is rate of pressure rise.For linen fibre, ramee, be applicable to boosting by linearity, initial rate of pressure rise k
0be not less than 0.5MPa/min, can reach 1.5MPa/min.To the high hard fibre of this class of the content of cellulose accountings 60～80% such as jute, Chinese fiber crops, sisal hemp, gombo hemp, be applicable to speed change boosting mode (linearity is boosted or parabola boosts) or intermittence boosting mode or the combination of two kinds.Can reach 2.5MPa/min to sisal fiber, pineapple fibre, the applicable initial rate of pressure rise of speed change of gombo hemp fiber, intermittently rate of pressure rise is less than 2.5MPa/min, and can reach 20min off time; To tossa, the initial rate of pressure rise k of speed change
0be not less than 0.5MPa/min, intermittently rate of pressure rise is less than 2.5MPa/min, is not less than 1min off time.So initial rate of pressure rise k of described speed change
0in 0.5MPa/min～2.5MPa/min scope, change, be 1min～20min off time, and be 1min～5min each intermittently pressure rising time.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, in modifying process, the rear pressurize a period of time of boosting is for the modification medium being penetrated in structure of fibrous tissue more fully, better completing the hydrogen bond network reconstruct between cellulosic molecule.This process is all necessary to the crystalline substance change modification of all fibres.To cotton fiber, viscose, the rear pressurize 1min that boosts is above get final product, and to height rigid bast-fibre, the rear dwell time of boosting can reach 30min, so the described rear dwell time of boosting is 1～30min.
A kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes as above, after twice reconstruct of the hydrogen bond network between the cellulosic molecule of each fibrid, remove the modification medium technical process that is absolutely necessary, this process does not affect the lattice structure of fiber, but how high efficiency, low energy consumption, this process that completes pollution-free, zero-emission are to realize the key factor of large-scale industrial production, this will directly affect the brilliant vitality that becomes method of modifying, about how high efficiency, low energy consumption, pollution-free, zero-emission complete this process again separate case write the series of patents statement.Remove the modification medium described in this case and remove the modification medium in material for adopting heating and vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention is applied widely, can not only modified cotton fiber and the natural fabric such as bast-fibre, and can also modified viscose fiber.
2. the present invention reaches the modification purpose by changing crystal structure.Fiber after modification overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fiber softening, has improved DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, flexibility, level-dyeing property and the dyeability etc. of product.
3. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling of fiber after modification dodge quick-fried, and softness is good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, has significantly improved the spinning of fiber, knits, the metachromia energy, becomes remarkable natural fabric and newly spins material.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only are not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton fiber becomes method of modifying, the cotton fiber that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.1MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.5Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.1MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modified cotton fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified cotton fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton fiber, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modified cotton fiber material that becomes is compared with described cotton fiber, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of crystalline substance of common viscose fiber becomes method of modifying, the common viscose fiber be modified is placed in to closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.3MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modifying common viscose that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modifying common viscose is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described common viscose fiber, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; The described brilliant modifying common viscose material that becomes is compared with described common viscose fiber, and dye-uptake improves 19%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 16%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of crystalline substance of koplon becomes method of modifying, the koplon that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.3MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.8MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.008MPa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modification koplon that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification koplon is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described koplon, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; The described brilliant modification koplon material that becomes is compared with described koplon, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 13%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre becomes method of modifying, the high tenacity staple fibre that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.2MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 0.5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modified high-strength power viscose that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified high-strength power viscose is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described high tenacity staple fibre, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modified high-strength power viscose material that becomes is compared with described high tenacity staple fibre, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Embodiment 5
A kind of crystalline substance of linen fibre becomes method of modifying, and linen fibre is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.0012Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modification linen fibre that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification linen fibre is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen fibre, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 13%; The described brilliant modification linen fibre that becomes is compared with described linen fibre, and dye-uptake improves 22%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 16%.
Embodiment 6
A kind of crystalline substance of ramee becomes method of modifying, and ramee is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 2MPa/s to 0.005MPa, adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modified ramie that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified ramie is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described ramee, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; The described brilliant modified ramie that becomes is compared with described ramee, and dye-uptake improves 25%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%.
Embodiment 7
A kind of crystalline substance of tossa becomes method of modifying, and tossa is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 3.2MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3.5MPa/s to 0.0032MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant tossa that becomes modification.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification tossa is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described tossa, and hole increases 12%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; The described brilliant modification tossa that becomes is compared with described tossa, and dye-uptake improves 35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 8
A kind of crystalline substance of kenaf becomes method of modifying, and kenaf is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.7MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 4MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 4MPa/s to 0.004MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant modification kenaf that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification kenaf is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described kenaf, and hole increases 13%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 23%; The described brilliant modification kenaf that becomes is compared with described kenaf, and dye-uptake improves 36%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 9
A kind of crystalline substance of pineapple fibre fiber becomes method of modifying, and the pineapple fibre fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.8MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 4MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 4MPa/s to 0.004MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant modification pineapple fibre fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification pineapple fibre fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described pineapple fibre fiber, and hole increases 14%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 25%; The described brilliant modification pineapple fibre fiber that becomes is compared with described pineapple fibre fiber, and dye-uptake improves 37%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 10
A kind of crystalline substance of sisal fiber becomes method of modifying, and sisal fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.8MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant modification sisal fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification sisal fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described sisal fiber, and hole increases 13%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; The described brilliant modification sisal fiber that becomes is compared with described sisal fiber, and dye-uptake improves 36%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 11
A kind of crystalline substance of china-hemp fibers becomes method of modifying, and china-hemp fibers is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant modification china-hemp fibers that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification china-hemp fibers is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described china-hemp fibers, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 26%; The described brilliant modification china-hemp fibers that becomes is compared with described china-hemp fibers, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 12
A kind of crystalline substance of piemarker fiber becomes method of modifying, and the piemarker fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by the mode that linearity is boosted and boost in gap, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1.2MPa/min, to modifier pressure 2MPa, the mode of boosting by gap again, the initial rate of pressure rise of take intermittently boosts as 1MPa/min, and be 1min off time, be 2min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 6MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 6MPa/s to 0.006MPa, heating is removed the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtains the brilliant modification piemarker fiber that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification piemarker fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described piemarker fiber, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 25%; The described brilliant modification piemarker fiber that becomes is compared with described piemarker fiber, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 13
A kind of crystalline substance of gombo hemp fiber becomes method of modifying, and the gombo hemp fiber is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, boosts parabolically and the mode boosted in gap is boosted, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 3MPa, then the mode of boosting by gap, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min intermittently boosts, be 5min off time, be 3min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, obtain the brilliant gombo hemp fiber that becomes modification.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification gombo hemp fiber is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described gombo hemp fiber, and hole increases 17%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; The described brilliant modification gombo hemp fiber that becomes is compared with described gombo hemp fiber, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 21%.
Embodiment 14
A kind of crystalline substance of abaca fibre becomes method of modifying, and abaca fibre is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, boosts parabolically and the mode boosted in gap is boosted, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 3MPa, then the mode of boosting by gap, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1.5MPa/min intermittently boosts, be 5min off time, be 3min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 5MPa, pressurize 5min, then in 1.2 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.005MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, obtain the brilliant abaca fibre that becomes modification.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification abaca fibre is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described abaca fibre, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; The described brilliant modification abaca fibre that becomes is compared with described abaca fibre, and dye-uptake improves 45%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 15
A kind of crystalline substance of coconut palm flax fibre becomes method of modifying, and the coconut palm flax fibre is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, boosts parabolically and the mode boosted in gap is boosted, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 2.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 6MPa, then the mode of boosting by gap, initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 2.5MPa/min intermittently boosts, be 20min off time, be 5min each intermittently pressure rising time, to modifier pressure 9MPa, pressurize 30min, then in 0.3 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 30MPa/s to 0.003MPa, heat and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium, obtain the brilliant coconut palm flax fibre that becomes modification.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification coconut palm flax fibre is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described coconut palm flax fibre, and hole increases 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 30%; The described brilliant modification coconut palm flax fibre that becomes is compared with described coconut palm flax fibre, and dye-uptake improves 50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 25%.
Embodiment 16
A kind of crystalline substance of cotton becomes method of modifying, the cotton that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.1MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.3MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modification cotton that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification cotton is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modification cotton material that becomes is compared with the described material that is modified, and dye-uptake improves 15%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12%.
Embodiment 17
A kind of crystalline substance of high tenacity staple fibre yarn becomes method of modifying, the high tenacity staple fibre that will be modified is placed in closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, rate of pressure rise constant speed by 0.2MPa/min boosts to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modified high-strength power viscose staple fibre spun yarn that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified high-strength power viscose staple fibre spun yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described high tenacity staple fibre yarn, and hole increases 8%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10%; The described brilliant modified high-strength power viscose material that becomes is compared with described high tenacity staple fibre yarn, and dye-uptake improves 18%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Embodiment 18
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton fiber and flax fiber blended yarn becomes method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modification blended yarn that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification blended yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 11%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Material modified and the described material that is modified of described brilliant change is compared, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 17%.
Embodiment 19
The crystalline substance of a kind of high tenacity staple fibre and common viscose fiber blended yarn becomes method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 2min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain brilliant modified viscose fiber and the common viscose fiber blended yarn of becoming.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification blended yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; Describedly brilliant become material modified and described blended yarn and compare, dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 20%.
Embodiment 20
The crystalline substance of a kind of high tenacity staple fibre and ramie hemp blended yarn line becomes method of modifying, and the blended yarn that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain brilliant modified viscose fiber and the ramie hemp blended yarn line of becoming.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modification blended yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described blended yarn, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; Material modified and the described material that is modified of described brilliant change is compared, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 21
A kind of crystalline substance of ramie fabric becomes method of modifying, and ramie fabric is placed in to closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 0.5MPa/min, to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3MPa/s to 0.004Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain the brilliant modified ramie fabric that becomes.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes the modified ramie fabric is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described ramie fabric, and hole increases 17%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; The described brilliant modified ramie fabric that becomes is compared with described ramie fabric, and dye-uptake improves 39%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 23%.
Embodiment 22
The crystalline substance of a kind of linen thread and yarn and viscose glue yarn BLENDED FABRIC becomes method of modifying, and the fabric that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boosts, linear initial rate of pressure rise k
0for 1MPa/min, to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 1min, then in 5 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.005Mpa, then adopt heating to remove the modification medium with vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating, obtain brilliant modification linen thread and yarn and the viscose fiber blended yarn fabric of becoming.The described brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modified fabric is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described fabric, and hole increases 10%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 12%; Material modified and the described material that is modified of described brilliant change is compared, and dye-uptake improves 20%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 15%.
Claims (10)
1. a crystalline substance becomes method of modifying, and it is characterized in that: the material that will be modified is placed in closed container, is filled with the modification medium, boosts to modifier pressure, and then abrupt release pressure, remove the modification medium, obtains brilliant change material modified.
2. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described material that is modified is fiber, yarn or fabric;
Described fiber is natural fabric or viscose; Described natural fabric is cotton fiber, linen fibre, ramee, tossa, kenaf, pineapple fibre fiber, sisal fiber, china-hemp fibers, piemarker fiber, gombo hemp fiber, abaca fibre or coconut palm flax fibre; Described viscose is mainly common viscose fiber, koplon or high tenacity staple fibre;
Described yarn is the yarn that natural fabric and/or viscose are spun into; Blended yarn for natural fabric pure yarn, natural fiber mixed yarn, viscose pure yarn, viscose fiber blended yarn or natural fabric and viscose;
Described fabric is the fabric that described yarn and/or described viscose are made into.
3. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material modified microcosmic lattice of described brilliant change is compared with the microcosmic lattice of the described material that is modified, and hole increases 8～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 10～30%; Material modified and the described material that is modified of described brilliant change is compared, and dye-uptake improves 15～50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 12～25%.
4. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modification medium is liquefied ammonia.
5. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modifier pressure P is 0.5～9MPa, described abrupt release pressure refer to pressure moment drop to described modifier pressure 1% and below.
6. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
7. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described moment refers to 0.3 second～and 5.0 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.1MPa/s～30MPa/s.
8. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that described boosting as constant speed is boosted, speed change is boosted or boost in gap or the wherein combination of two kinds;
When constant speed is boosted, rate of pressure rise k is the steady state value in 0.1MPa/min～0.5MPa/min;
Described speed change is boosted and is boosted or parabola boosts for linearity;
When linearity is boosted, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
When parabola boosts, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Wherein t is pressure rising time; k
0for initial rate of pressure rise, be 0.5MPa/min～2.5MPa/min;
When boost in gap, be 1min～20min off time, and be 1～5min each intermittently pressure rising time, and rate of pressure rise is 0.5MPa/min～2.5MPa/min.
9. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rear maintenance 1min～30min boosts.
10. a kind of brilliant method of modifying that becomes according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described removal modification medium is removed the modification medium in material for adopting heating and vacuumizing parallel method of evaporating.
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| CN112111887A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-12-22 | 山东出彩无水纤染高科有限公司 | Supercritical mixed fluid flash explosion treatment method for natural fiber and product thereof |
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| CN1487141A (en) * | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | 郎金成 | Liquid ammonia treatment process for skein |
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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| CN1487141A (en) * | 2002-10-05 | 2004-04-07 | 郎金成 | Liquid ammonia treatment process for skein |
| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112111887A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-12-22 | 山东出彩无水纤染高科有限公司 | Supercritical mixed fluid flash explosion treatment method for natural fiber and product thereof |
| CN112111887B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2023-10-27 | 山东出彩无水纤染高科有限公司 | Supercritical mixed fluid flash explosion treatment method for natural fiber and product thereof |
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