CN103422286A - Composite crystal change modification method of cotton/ramie blended fabrics - Google Patents
Composite crystal change modification method of cotton/ramie blended fabrics Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422286A CN103422286A CN2013103194362A CN201310319436A CN103422286A CN 103422286 A CN103422286 A CN 103422286A CN 2013103194362 A CN2013103194362 A CN 2013103194362A CN 201310319436 A CN201310319436 A CN 201310319436A CN 103422286 A CN103422286 A CN 103422286A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a composite crystal change modification method of cotton/ramie blended fabrics. According to the method, the cotton/ramie blended fabrics are placed in a closed container, a modified medium is added into the container, pressure is raised to modification pressure, then, the pressure is released instantly, then the combined effect of vacuumization, high-speed centrifugal rotation and drafting and microwave is used for removing the modified medium, and therefore composite crystal change and modified cotton/ramie blended fabrics can be obtained. According to the crystal change and modified fabrics, pores are increased, degree of crystallinity is reduced, the fabrics are soft, and size stability, flexibility, dyeing performance and the like of products are improved; the method of pressure instant release is adopted, and therefore the fluffiness and flexibility of the fabrics are improved greatly; the combined effect of vacuumization, high-speed centrifugal rotation and drafting and microwave is adopted, quality of the fabrics is further improved, and modification efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, specifically a kind of by the modification medium being boosted to modifier pressure, pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure then, then adopt vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined effect remove the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of modification medium.
Background technology
Cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is to be formed by certain proportioning blending by cotton and ramie yarn and thread, and blending forms cotton and ramie yarn and thread to have complementary advantages, and has both improved hard, the easy wrinkle property of ramie yarn and thread, has kept again its good moisture permeability.But, due to stiffening, scratchy, the shortcoming such as difficulty is spun, difficulty is knitted, difficulty is dyed of ramie yarn and thread, also there is above shortcoming in the cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics woven.
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method.It is processing modified etc. that physical modification method mainly comprises that discharge technology modification, high steam dodge quick-fried modification, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave irradiation modification, liquefied ammonia.Chemical modification method mainly comprises esters modification, ethers modification, graft modification and cross-linking modified etc.Biological modified method mainly utilizes the processing such as biology enzyme is come unstuck, polishing.
The method of modifying that has formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly contains the processing modified and alkali mercerized modification of liquefied ammonia.Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized processing has similar effect, as characteristics such as natural crimp disappear, cross section becomes circle, inner chamber diminishes, but the residual alkali lye of alkali mercerized modification is difficult for removing and also can cause fabric to melt erosion and inhomogeneities, and topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modification.The domestic liquefied ammonia that utilizes is as the modification medium, the method of boost-pressurize of routine in closed container-reclaim again modification medium in fabric has certain effect to cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, but the method is modification for once, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce not obvious, dyeability do not have be improved significantly.
Summary of the invention
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, specifically a kind of by the modification medium is pressurized to modifier pressure, and after pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure, then employing vacuumizes, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of the cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of microwave combined effect removal modification medium.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of the present invention, that cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is placed in to closed container, be filled with the modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, employing vacuumizes again, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect removal modification medium, obtains the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.Its principle is: cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is placed in to closed container, movable sealing under the under high pressure movable sealing of this closed container and negative pressure, and zero leakage.By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium speed governing topping up, can regulate the flow, time and the temperature that are filled with modification medium in closed container, thereby the rate of change of pressure, two-phase interface and the above-mentioned parameter of regulation and control modification, and then the technological parameters such as permeability, infiltration rate and evaporation rate of regulation and control liquid medium; Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously; Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, the modification medium is penetrated in fabric tissue preferably, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct fabric fibre element, changed the microstructure of fabric, the motion of aggravation fabric fibre element macromolecular chain segment, make the intermolecular generation swelling action of fabric fibre element, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, and has realized the once regulation and control of fabric lattice structure.Again by the high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified media in the abrupt release closed container, produce huge pressure reduction in fabric tissue inside and outside moment, form high speed quick-fried swollen, the diffusion coefficient of modification medium significantly improved, Perfect Reconstruction the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of fabric fibre element, the intermolecular swelling action of fabric fibre element is more thorough, hole increases obviously, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, and has realized the secondary regulation and control of fabric lattice structure.Finally adopt again vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined effect, promoted mercerization effect, degree of crystallinity also decreases, realized the regulation and control for the third time of fabric lattice structure and removed the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics simultaneously, significantly improve modification efficiency, completed the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.For the fabric of different-stiffness, different constituents, regulate the relevant parameter of three regulation and control of fabric lattice structure, can realize the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.Compoundly brilliant become after modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics to have softness good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, significantly improved the spinning of fabric, knit, the metachromia energy, become the remarkable material that newly spins.
As preferred technical scheme:
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, the fineness of cotton in described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics/ramie blending yarn is 7～80, the blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 5～95:95～5 in mass ratio; The thread count of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is 50～800/10cm.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, three regulation and control by the fabric lattice structure, make the intermolecular swelling action of fabric fibre element more thorough, hole obviously increases, degree of crystallinity obviously reduces, and dye-uptake improves, and COLOR FASTNESS improves, the mercerising degree improves, and finally adopts high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize the modification medium that method of evaporating parallel or that replace removes in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics to have completed the described compound brilliant modification that becomes.Adopt the described compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes, can make the compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics compare with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, hole increases 15%～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%～32%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 32%～50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 22%～30%, and the mercerising degree improves, and modification efficiency improves 15%～30%.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, the modification medium is liquefied ammonia; The modification medium need possess following 3 features: 1) have good diffusivity; 2) can and the fabric fibre element between form a large amount of hydrogen bonds, the intermolecular hydrogen bond network of reconstruct fabric fibre element, improve the swelling behavior of fabric fibre element; 3) be easy to the phase transformation regulation and control, be convenient to the evaporation of modification medium and reclaim.And liquefied ammonia has, molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be easy to the special physical propertys such as phase transformation, and these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above-mentioned three features.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, the modifier pressure abrupt release, it is poor that moment produces high pressure, can significantly improve the diffusion coefficient of modification medium, making cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics produce abundant swelling, is the compound brilliant critical process process that becomes modification.To different cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, the modifier pressure difference of requirement, the speed difference of earth pressure release, the pressure differential difference that moment produces, under the prerequisite that does not improve modifier pressure, obtain high as far as possible release pressure poor, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure.To cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, modifier pressure need to be more than or equal to 1MPa, can reach 4MPa.Therefore described modifier pressure should be 1～4MPa.
Poor for obtaining high as far as possible release pressure, should make modifier pressure drop to negative pressure, so the abrupt release of modifier pressure, require modifier pressure moment drop to modifier pressure 1% and below.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, for the standard technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure.
The crystalline substance of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above becomes method of modifying, obtain good swelling effect, 1% the time that requires pressure to drop to modifier pressure from modifier pressure is less than or equal to 4 seconds and gets final product, at 0.5 second～4 seconds, be advisable, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 1 second～8 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 1MPa/s～8MPa/s.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, for obtaining good diffusivity and the best modified effect of modification medium, and the modifying process energy consumes minimum, the flow, time and the temperature that need ammoniacal liquor in regulation and control topping up process, reach the purpose of regulation and control pressure, and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process.And the process of boosting is one of most important influence factor, need adopt the different processes of boosting to different fabrics, a large number of experiments show that: cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is applicable to boosting by linearity, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Wherein t is pressure rising time, k
0For initial rate of pressure rise; For cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, initial rate of pressure rise k
0Be not less than 0.5MPa/min, can reach 1.5MPa/min, therefore described initial rate of pressure rise k
0In 0.5MPa/min～1.5MPa/min scope.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above, in modifying process, rear pressurize a period of time of boosting is for the modification medium can be penetrated in fabric structure more fully, better completes the intermolecular hydrogen bond network reconstruct of fabric fibre element.This process is all necessary to the compound brilliant change modification of all fabrics.To cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, the rear pressurize 3min that boosts is above to be got final product, and the dwell time is advisable at 3～15min, and therefore the described rear dwell time of boosting is 3～15min.
The compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics as above is removed the modification medium in the regulation and control of lattice for the third time of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics.
Lattice for the third time as above is regulated to and vacuumizes, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect concurrent running or alternate run.Be evacuated to negative pressure and following; High speed centrifugation rotary speed to 180～450rpm, rotational time can reach 10min, radially drawing-off to 1.5～4.5mm; In heating using microwave, single modification still power is between 1kW～20kW.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches the modification purpose by changing crystal structure.Fabric after modification overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, fabric sofetening, has improved DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, flexibility, level-dyeing property and the dyeability etc. of product.
2. the present invention adopts the method for abrupt release pressure, makes the maximum swelling of fabric after modification dodge quick-fried, and softness is good, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, has significantly improved the spinning of fabric, knits, the metachromia energy, becomes the remarkable material that newly spins.
3. provide a kind of anhydrous, almost without dielectric loss, pollution-free, zero-emission, energy-conservation, efficient cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics method of modifying.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment only are not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.Should be understood that in addition those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after the content of having read the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of 7 * 7,150/10cm * 50/10cm (blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 95:5) is placed in to closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boost, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Initial rate of pressure rise k
0For 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1Mpa, pressurize 3min, then in 4 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 1MPa/s to 0.005Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 180rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 1.5mm; In heating using microwave, single modification still power is 1kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and hole increases 15%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 32%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 22%, and modification efficiency improves 15%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of 30 * 36,218/10cm * 196/10cm (blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 50:50) is placed in to closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boost, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Initial rate of pressure rise k
0For 0.8MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 3MPa/s to 0.0015Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 250rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2mm; In heating using microwave, single modification still power is 5kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 35%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 25%, and modification efficiency improves 18%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of 21 * 36,236/10cm * 190/10cm (blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 20:80) is placed in to closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boost, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Initial rate of pressure rise k
0For 1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 2Mpa, pressurize 5min, then in 3 seconds with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 5MPa/s to 0.002Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize parallel method of evaporating and remove the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 300rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 3mm; In heating using microwave, single modification still power is 10kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and hole increases 17%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 38%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 28%, and modification efficiency improves 25%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics of 80 * 80,800/10cm * 700/10cm (blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 5:95) is placed in to closed container, be filled with liquefied ammonia, by linear boosting mode, boost, rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Initial rate of pressure rise k
0For 1.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 4Mpa, pressurize 15min, then in 0.5 second with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 8MPa/s to 0.004Mpa.Finally adopt high speed centrifugation rotation de-liquid, heating using microwave and vacuumize method of evaporating alternately and remove the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, obtain the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.Wherein the high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 450rpm, and rotational time can reach 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 4.5mm; In heating using microwave, single modification still power is 20kW; Be evacuated to negative pressure and following.The described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and hole increases 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 32%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 30%, and modification efficiency improves 30%.
Claims (10)
1. the compound crystalline substance of a cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that: cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is placed in to closed container, be filled with the modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, employing vacuumizes again, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect removal modification medium, obtains the compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes.
2. the compound crystalline substance of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, the fineness of cotton in described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics/ramie blending yarn is 7～80, and the blending rate of cotton fiber and ramee is 5～95:95～5 in mass ratio; The thread count of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is 50～800/10cm.
3. the compound crystalline substance of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, the described compound brilliant microcosmic lattice that becomes modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, hole increases 15%～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%～32%; The described compound brilliant modification cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics that becomes is compared with described cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics, and dye-uptake improves 32%～50%, and COLOR FASTNESS improves 22%～30%, and modification efficiency improves 15%～30%.
4. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modification medium is liquefied ammonia.
5. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described modifier pressure P is 1～4MPa, described abrupt release pressure refer to pressure moment drop to described modifier pressure 1% and below.
6. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described pressure is absolute pressure.
7. a kind of compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1 or 5, is characterized in that, described moment refers to 0.5 second～and 4 seconds, the rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 1MPa/s～8MPa/s.
8. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boosting boosted for linearity, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expression
Wherein t is pressure rising time, k
0For initial rate of pressure rise, k
0For 0.5MPa/min～1.5MPa/min.
9. the compound brilliant method of modifying that becomes of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1, is characterized in that, rear maintenance 3min～15min boosts.
10. the compound crystalline substance of a kind of cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics according to claim 1 becomes method of modifying, it is characterized in that, describedly vacuumize, high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off and microwave combined acting as: vacuumize until negative pressure and following, high speed centrifugation rotary speed to 180～450rpm, radially drawing-off to 1.5～4.5mm, microwave, vacuumize and high speed centrifugation rotation drawing-off synergy, concurrent running or alternate run, remove the modification medium in cotton/ramie fibre mixed fabrics.
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| CN109487539A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-19 | 杭州创屹机电科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving linen-cotton feel |
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| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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| CN102839508A (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2012-12-26 | 东华大学 | High-grade flax fabric weaving method based on crystallized and modified flax yarns |
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| 吴君南等: ""闪爆处理对大麻纤维结构与性能的影响"", 《纺织学报》 * |
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| CN109487539A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-19 | 杭州创屹机电科技有限公司 | A kind of processing method improving linen-cotton feel |
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