CN103422281B - A kind of compound crystal variation modification method of linen thread and yarn - Google Patents
A kind of compound crystal variation modification method of linen thread and yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN103422281B CN103422281B CN201310319458.9A CN201310319458A CN103422281B CN 103422281 B CN103422281 B CN 103422281B CN 201310319458 A CN201310319458 A CN 201310319458A CN 103422281 B CN103422281 B CN 103422281B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, it is that linen thread and yarn is placed in hermetic container, it is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect and remove modification medium again, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Yarn hole after crystal change modification of the present invention increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, soft yarns, improves the dimensional stability of product, flexibility and dyeability etc.；The method adopting abrupt release pressure, is greatly improved bulkiness and the flexibility of yarn；Adopt evacuation, high speed centrifugation to rotate drawing-off and microwave radiation synergy, further increase the quality of yarn, and modification efficiency is greatly improved。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, specifically a kind of by modification medium being boosted to modifier pressure, pressurize a period of time, then abrupt release pressure, then adopt evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect and remove the linen thread and yarn compound crystal variation modification method of modification medium。
Background technology
Linen thread and yarn is textile raw material important in natural yarn。The advantages such as its hygroscopicity is excellent, electrostatic is little, warmth retention property is strong, anti-corruption is heat-resisting, but there is also hard, send out wrinkle, shrink, the defect such as difficulty is spun, difficulty is knitted, difficult dye, causing that its wearability is poor, not easily make high-end weaving linen thread and yarn, the overwhelming majority is low value-added product。
In order to change above-mentioned present situation, existing a variety of method of modifying, such as physical modification method, chemical modification method and biological modified method。Physical modification method mainly includes that discharge technology is modified, high steam dodges quick-fried modified, ultrasonic cavitation and microwave exposure is modified, liquefied ammonia is processing modified。Chemical modification method mainly includes that esters modification, ethers be modified, graft modification and cross-linking modified etc.。Biological modified method mainly utilizes enzyme to carry out degumming, polishing etc. and processes。
The method of modifying having formed now industrialization production both at home and abroad mainly has liquefied ammonia processing modified and alkali mercerized modified。Liquid ammonia modified and alkali mercerized process has similar effect, as natural crimp disappear, the feature such as cross section becomes round, inner chamber diminishes, but alkali mercerized modified residual alkali liquor is not easily removed and also resulted in yarn and ablates and inhomogeneities, topmost difference is that liquid ammonia modified effect is better than alkali mercerized modifiying。Domestic utilize liquefied ammonia as modification medium, in hermetic container, in conventional boosting pressurize recycling yarn, linen thread and yarn is had certain effect by the method for modification medium, but the method for once modifiies, swelling not thoroughly, degree of crystallinity reduce inconspicuous, dyeability do not have be improved significantly。
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, specifically a kind of by modification medium is pressurized to modifier pressure, and after pressurize a period of time, abrupt release pressure, then adopt evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect and remove the linen thread and yarn compound crystal variation modification method of modification medium。
A kind of compound crystal variation modification method of the linen thread and yarn of the present invention, it is that linen thread and yarn is placed in hermetic container, it is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, adopt evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect and remove modification medium again, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Its principle is: be placed in hermetic container by linen thread and yarn, this hermetic container can movable sealing under under high pressure movable sealing and negative pressure, and zero leakage。By pressure balance topping up and non-equilibrium speed governing topping up, scalable is filled with in hermetic container the flow of modification medium, time and temperature, thus regulating and controlling the technological parameters such as the rate of change of the pressure, two-phase interface and the above-mentioned parameter that modifiy, and then the regulation and control permeability of liquid medium, infiltration rate and evaporation rate；Regulate the dwell time of modifier pressure simultaneously；Above-mentioned technique can make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium improve, modification medium penetrates in yarn tissue preferably, the reconstruct yarn fibers intermolecular hydrogen bond network of element, change the microstructure of yarn, aggravation yarn fibers element macromolecular chain segment motion, makes the yarn fibers intermolecular generation swelling action of element, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, it is achieved that the once regulation and control of yarn lattice structure。Again through high speed overflow, a large amount of liquid modified media in abrupt release hermetic container, huge pressure reduction is produced with outside moment at yarn organization internal, form high speed quick-fried swollen, make the diffusion coefficient of modification medium be greatly improved, the Perfect Reconstruction yarn fibers intermolecular hydrogen bond network of element, the yarn fibers intermolecular swelling action of element is more thorough, hole increases substantially, and degree of crystallinity significantly reduces, it is achieved that the secondary regulation and control of yarn lattice structure。Evacuation, high speed centrifugation is finally adopted to rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect again, improve mercerization effect, degree of crystallinity also decreases, achieve the third time regulation and control of yarn lattice structure and remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn simultaneously, modification efficiency is greatly improved, namely completes described compound crystal change modification。For the yarn of different-stiffness, different constituent, regulate the relevant parameter of three regulation and control of yarn lattice structure, described compound crystal change modification can be realized。Composite crystal becomes modified linen thread and yarn, and to have softness excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, the spinning of yarn is greatly improved, knits, metachromia energy, becomes remarkable and newly spins material。
As preferred technical scheme:
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, the fineness of described linen thread and yarn is 5～120。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, regulated and controled by the three of yarn lattice structure times, make the yarn fibers intermolecular swelling action of element more thorough, hole significantly increases, degree of crystallinity substantially reduces, and dye-uptake improves, and color fastness improves, mercerising degree improves, and finally adopts the de-liquid of high speed centrifugation rotation, microwave heating and the modification medium that evacuation is parallel or method of evaporating alternately is removed in linen thread and yarn namely to complete described compound crystal change modification。Adopting described compound crystal variation modification method, can make the microcosmic lattice of compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, hole increases 16%～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%～30%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 30%～45%, and color fastness improves 23%～30%, and mercerising degree improves, and modification efficiency improves 15%～25%。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, modification medium is liquefied ammonia；Modification medium need to possess following 3 features: 1) has excellent diffusibility；2) substantial amounts of hydrogen bond is formed between energy and yarn fibers element, the reconstruct yarn fibers intermolecular hydrogen bond network of element, improves the swelling behavior of yarn fibers element；3) phase transformation regulation and control it are prone to, it is simple to modification medium evaporation and recovery。And liquefied ammonia has, and molecular weight is little, viscosity is little, surface tension is little, be prone to the special physical propertys such as phase transformation, these special natures make liquefied ammonia meet above three feature。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, modifier pressure abrupt release, moment produces high pressure differential, it is possible to the diffusion coefficient of modification medium is greatly improved, and makes linen thread and yarn produce fully swelling, is the critical process process of compound crystal change modification。To different linen thread and yarns, it is desirable to modifier pressure different, the speed of earth pressure release is different, and the pressure differential that moment produces is different, under the premise not improving modifier pressure, will obtain release pressure differential high as far as possible, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure。To linen thread and yarn, modifier pressure needs be more than or equal to 1.2MPa, can reach 2MPa。Therefore described modifier pressure should be 1.2～2MPa。
For obtaining release pressure differential high as far as possible, modifier pressure should be made to drop to negative pressure, therefore the abrupt release of modifier pressure, it is desirable to modifier pressure moment drops to the 1% of modifier pressure and following。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, for specification technological standards, described pressure refers to absolute pressure。
The crystal change modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, obtain excellent swelling effect, require pressure from modifier pressure drop to modifier pressure 1% time less than or equal to 3 seconds, it was advisable at 1 second～3 seconds, therefore the moment of described release pressure is 1 second～3 seconds, and the rate of pressure reduction of corresponding described release pressure is 0.5MPa/s～2MPa/s。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, for obtaining the good diffusibility of modification medium and best modified effect, and modifying process energy expenditure is minimum, need the flow of ammoniacal liquor, time and temperature in regulation and control filling process, reach the purpose of regulation and control pressure and then regulation and control medium permeability, infiltration rate, evaporation rate, evaporation rate and phase transition process。And boost process is one of most important influence factor, different yarns need to be adopted different boost process, a large number of experiments show that: linen thread and yarn is suitable for boosting with linear, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expressionWherein t is pressure rising time, k0For initial boost speed；For linen thread and yarn, initial boost speed k0It is not less than 0.5MPa/min, 1MPa/min can be reached。Therefore described initial boost speed k0Within the scope of 0.5MPa/min～1MPa/min。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, in modifying process, after boosting, pressurize a period of time is to make modification medium can penetrate into more fully in yarn organizational structure, better completes the intermolecular hydrogen bond network reconstruct of yarn fibers element。The compound crystal change modification of all yarns is all necessary by this process。To linen thread and yarn, more than pressurize 3min after boosting, the dwell time is advisable at 3～10min, and therefore after described boosting, the dwell time is 3～10min。
The compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn as above, removes modification medium while the third time lattice of linen thread and yarn regulates and controls。
Third time lattice as above is regulated to evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotates drawing-off and microwave combined effect concurrently runs or alternate run。It is evacuated to negative pressure and following；High speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 120～300rpm, and rotational time is up to 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2.5～3.5mm；In microwave heating, single modified still power is between 1kW～20kW。
Beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts the advantage of above technical scheme as follows:
1. the present invention reaches modified purpose by changing crystal structure。Modified yarn overcomes its native defect, and hole increases, degree of crystallinity reduces, soft yarns, improves the dimensional stability of product, flexibility, level-dyeing property and dyeability etc.。
2. the method that the present invention adopts abrupt release pressure so that the maximum swelling sudden strain of a muscle of modified yarn is quick-fried, softness is excellent, wrinkle resistant nonshrink, durable fluffy, the spinning of yarn is greatly improved, knits, metachromia energy, becomes remarkable and newly spins material。
3. provide a kind of anhydrous, almost without dielectric loss, pollution-free, zero-emission, linen thread and yarn method of modifying energy-conservation, efficient。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is expanded on further。Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than restriction the scope of the present invention。In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims limited range equally。
Embodiment 1
The linen thread and yarns of 5 are placed in hermetic container, are filled with liquefied ammonia by the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, boost by linear boosting mode, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expressionInitial boost speed k0For 0.5MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.2Mpa, pressurize 3min, then with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.0012Mpa in 3 seconds。Finally adopt the method for evaporating that high speed centrifugation rotates de-liquid, microwave heating and evacuation parallel to remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Wherein high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 120rpm, and rotational time is up to 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 2.5mm；In microwave heating, single modified still power is 1kW；It is evacuated to negative pressure and following。The microcosmic lattice of described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, and hole increases 16%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 30%, and color fastness improves 23%, and modification efficiency improves 15%。
Embodiment 2
The linen thread and yarns of 20 are placed in hermetic container, are filled with liquefied ammonia by the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, boost by linear boosting mode, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expressionInitial boost speed k0For 0.8MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.5Mpa, pressurize 5min, then with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 0.5MPa/s to 0.0015Mpa in 3 seconds。Finally adopt the method for evaporating that high speed centrifugation rotates de-liquid, microwave heating and evacuation parallel to remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Wherein high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 140rpm, and rotational time is up to 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 3mm；In microwave heating, single modified still power is 5kW；It is evacuated to negative pressure and following。The microcosmic lattice of described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 22%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 34%, and color fastness improves 25%, and modification efficiency improves 15%。
Embodiment 3
The linen thread and yarns of 80 are placed in hermetic container, are filled with liquefied ammonia by the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, boost by linear boosting mode, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expressionInitial boost speed k0For 1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 1.8Mpa, pressurize 8min, then with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 1MPa/s to 0.0018Mpa in 2 seconds。Finally adopt the method for evaporating that high speed centrifugation rotates de-liquid, microwave heating and evacuation parallel to remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Wherein high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 140rpm, and rotational time is up to 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 3.5mm；In microwave heating, single modified still power is 10kW；It is evacuated to negative pressure and following。The microcosmic lattice of described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, and hole increases 18%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 28%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 40%, and color fastness improves 25%, and modification efficiency improves 20%。
Embodiment 4
The linen thread and yarns of 120 are placed in hermetic container, are filled with liquefied ammonia by the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn, boost by linear boosting mode, and rate of pressure rise k meets relational expressionInitial boost speed k0For 1MPa/min, boost to modifier pressure 2Mpa, pressurize 10min, then with the rate of pressure reduction abrupt release of 2MPa/s to 0.002Mpa in 1 second。Finally adopt high speed centrifugation to rotate de-liquid, microwave heating and evacuation method of evaporating alternately and remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn。Wherein high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 300rpm, and rotational time is up to 10min, and radially drawing-off is to 3.5mm；In microwave heating, single modified still power is 20kW；It is evacuated to negative pressure and following。The microcosmic lattice of described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, and hole increases 20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 30%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 45%, and color fastness improves 30%, and modification efficiency improves 25%。
Claims (6)
1. the compound crystal variation modification method of a linen thread and yarn, it is characterized in that: linen thread and yarn is placed in hermetic container, it is filled with modification medium, boost to modifier pressure, then abrupt release pressure, adopt evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined effect and remove modification medium again, namely obtain compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn；Described modifier pressure P is 1.2～2MPa；The rate of pressure reduction of described release pressure is 0.5MPa/s～2MPa/s, and described abrupt release pressure is to drop to the 1% of described modifier pressure finger pressure moment and following；Described moment refers to 1 second～3 seconds；Described modification medium is liquefied ammonia。
2. the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fineness of described linen thread and yarn is 5～120。
3. the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the microcosmic lattice of described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with the microcosmic lattice of described linen thread and yarn, and hole increases 16%～20%, and degree of crystallinity reduces 20%～30%；Described compound crystal change modification linen thread and yarn is compared with described linen thread and yarn, and dye-uptake improves 30%～45%, and color fastness improves 23%～30%, and modification efficiency improves 15%～25%。
4. the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pressure is absolute pressure。
5. the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn according to claim 1, it is characterised in that keep 3min～10min after boosting。
6. the compound crystal variation modification method of a kind of linen thread and yarn according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described evacuation, high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off and microwave combined act as: evacuation is until negative pressure and following, high speed centrifugation rotary speed is to 120～300rpm, radially drawing-off to 2.5～3.5mm, microwave radiation, evacuation and high speed centrifugation rotate drawing-off synergy, concurrently run or alternate run, remove the modification medium in linen thread and yarn。
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Patent Citations (7)
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| DE3732030A1 (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-15 | Mtm Obermaier Gmbh & Co Kg | Process for the liquid treatment of materials |
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